HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

By

Md. Ahsan Kabir Akash Kazi Zafarullah Sarafath

ID No: ID No:
2018-1-55-006 2018-1-55-003

Department of Electronics and Communications

Engineering

Supervisor
Dr. Anup Kumar Paul

Associate Professor & Assistant Proctor

Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering

September 2022
 RECOMMENDATION LETTER
The project entitled” Hotel Management System” submitted by the students

Md. Ahsan Kabir Akash

Kazi Zafarullah Sarafath

is under my supervision. I, hereby, agree that the thesis can be submitted for examination.

Supervisor

Dr. Anup Kumar Paul

Associate Professor & Assistant Proctor

Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering

Page | i
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE OF THE
PROJECT
The project entitled” Hotel Management System” submitted by the students

Md. Ahsan Kabir Akash

Kazi Zafarullah Sarafath

is, hereby, accepted as the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of their bachelor’s
degrees.

_______________________________ ___________________________________
Chairperson Supervisor
Mohammad Arifuzzaman Ph.D. Dr. Anup Kumar Paul
Chairperson & Associate Professor Associate Professor & Assistant Proctor
Department of Electronics and Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering Communication Engineering

Page | ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Throughout this period of study, the Lord has been obedient in providing the necessary strength,
wisdom, knowledge, and courage. We take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the
Almighty for bestowing his favor upon us and bringing our work to a fruitful conclusion. We owe
a debt of gratitude and deep debt to our supervisor, Dr. Anup Kumar Paul, for leading us in the
correct direction and offering us his wise counsel when it mattered most. He allows us to
independently research reversible fault-tolerant computing topics that we find intriguing We
appreciate the encouragement and advice provided by the other faculty members. Finally, we
would like to express our gratitude to our friends for their help and support throughout this project.

Page | iii
 ABSTRACT
The hotel management system maintains records of visitors and offers tools for booking,
registering, creating bills, entering room rates, etc. Manual systems have drawbacks, such as
limited data storage and slow operation. Registers become messy and paper-intensive when
records are updated and deleted. It takes a very long time to look up someone's information in the
manual register. As a result, Hotel Management System (HMS) was created to get around the
drawbacks of the manual system. Oracle database serves as the backend and hypertext markup
language is the front-end tool in HMS software. The HMS program offers specifics on the services
offered, including information about the room, employee, client, and charge. The use of
authentication to access the software has been secured. Access to the software is restricted to
authorized users, enhancing security.

Page | iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
RECOMMENDATION LETTER i
CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE OF THE PROJECT ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii
ABSTRACT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1

1 Introduction 2
1.1 Aim 2
1.2 Problem Statements 3
1.3 Goal 3
1.4 Objectives 4

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5

2 Literature Review 6

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 7

3 Methodology 8

CHAPTER 4 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS 9

4 Requirement Analysis 10
4.1 Software requirement Specification 10
4.2 Hardware Requirement Specification 11
4.3 Technology 11
4.3.1 HTML 11
4.3.2 CSS 11
4.3.3 Database (MySQL) 11
4.3.4 Java Script 12
4.3.5 Server (Apache) 12
4.3.6 PHP 12
4.3.7 Graphical User Interface 12
4.3.8 Accommodation Information 13
4.3.9 Units Information 13

Page | v
 4.3.10 Booking Module 13
4.3.11 Guest Module 13
4.3.12 Facilities Module 13
4.3.13 Number of Views 14
4.3.13.1 Administrative View 14
4.3.13.2 Guest View 14
4.3.14 Method of Booking 14
4.3.15 Database Access Technology 15

CHAPTER 5 FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS 17

5 Feasibility Analysis 18

CHAPTER 6 SYSTEM DESIGN 20

6 System Design 21
6.1 ER Diagram 21
6.2 Outputs 22

CHAPTER 7 RESULTS ANALYSIS & IMPLEMENTATION 29

7 Results Analysis & Implementation 30

7.1 Administration’s Activities 30
7.2 Guest’s Activities 30
7.3 Observation From the Implemented Work 30

CHAPTER 8 CONCLUSIONS 32

8 Conclusion 33
8.1 Limitations 33
8.2 Future Scope 34
8.3 Conclusion

CHAPTER 9 REFERENCES 35

9 References 36

Page | vi
LIST OF DIAGRAMS & FIGURES
Diagram 6.1 ER DIAGRAM 21

Figure 6.1 HOME PAGE 22

6.2 ABOUT PAGE 22
6.3 ACCOMMODATION 23
6.4 CONTACT 23
6.5 ROOM BOOKING PAGE 24
6.6 REGISTRATION 25
6.7.1 SINGLE NON-AC 26
6.7.2 SINGLE AC 26
6.7.3 DOUBLE NON-AC 27
6.7.4 DOUBLE AC 27
6.8 FOOTER AREA 28
6.9 ADMIN LOG-IN PAGE 28
6.10 USER DETAILS 28

Page | vii
 Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

Page | 1
1 INTRODUCTION

A hotel management system keeps track of visitors, bookings, registrations, publishing bills,
entering room prices, etc. A company achieves its objectives by efficiently allocating and utilizing
the resources at its disposal. A hotel, for example, consistently manages its operations assisting
customers in carrying out their expectations of the business. Information is essential at every level
and must be managed and organized to remain in a user-friendly manner. Computers are the most
appropriate electronic gadgets since they are known as mechanical brains and accomplish many
tasks that the human brain does. The 21st-century"EaElectronicc Wonderland is " where laborious
paper-based everyday work is swapped out for result-oriented cutting-edge information
technology. A knowledgeable individual who could speak information was needed to operate the
hotel if records were kept manually. A manual method has drawbacks including limited storage
and sluggish operation. Paper is used up when inserting, removing, and searching records in a file
or register. As a result, the Hotel Management Data System (HMS) was created to overcome the
manual system's limitations. HMS aids in the management and running of a hotel or hotel chain's
front and back offices. The six modules in HMS Software include sales, customer, resources,
employee, and report. Information about customer sign-up, checkout, production, and restaurant
bill creation can all be stored under the customer module. Room and restaurant information can be
found in the resource module (North DC,1990).

1.1 AIM
“To manage room booking by using this web-based software”.

Page | 2
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENTS

Problems with the hotel's current manual system, which have a direct impact on daily operations,
must be resolved to keep up with today's fast-paced, highly accurate, and ideal global environment.
Each issue must be resolved quickly (Cyert RM,1963). The following list of issues that a hotel
management system can resolve for the manual system currently in use:

o Difficulty in maintaining the record: Data maintenance is challenging because all records
are kept manually in a register book that is prone to loss, and misplacing.

o Time consuming: It takes time to quickly check data as well.

o Data Redundancy: Due to the manual handling of a high number of records, data
repetition is possible.

o Mistake in the calculation of funds: Manually calculating the finances in significant

errors that could cause the corporation money.

1.3 GOAL
Thee-users will find this proposed system to be interactive, quick, and easy to use. The
following tasks can be completed with the hotel management system.

• Room Service
• Check-In
• Check Out
• Login.

Page | 3
1.1 OBJECTIVES
The suggested system intends to offer answers to the aforementioned issues and assist the user in
successfully and efficiently managing the hotel:

Maximum Accountability: To increase accountability in the management process in the hotel

industry by lowering the frequency of fraud and cutting waste.

Provide Data Security: By granting diverse staff members varying levels of access, the study will
implement security measures (W. J. Relihan Iii,1989).

Increased Profit Line for The Organization: Reducing the incidence of fraud and managing
resources effectively will boost the organization's bottom line.

Page | 4
 Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

Page | 5
2 LITERATURE REVIEW

In the literature study, we take into account and scrutinize the work of other academics and
researchers who have addressed this specific topic (Hotel Management System) The usage of
computers, automated equipment, and the expansion of information technology as a whole has
had a significant impact on the hospitality business recently and will continue to do so.
Technology has evolved and become more widely used in all forms of the industry during the
past 20 years. While this is not the case for some establishments, particularly premium hotels,
it does free up personnel to provide customers with a more individualized level of service while
still following standards. Therefore, high-end tourism facilities depend on cutting-edge
technology systems. Facilities improve the lives of the patrons additionally, the hotel makes
use of technology to its guests' advantage while they are there. For instance, several hotels
have added cutting-edge communications technologies in the rooms, allowing travelers on
business visits to continue working while they are hotel guests (M. S. Islam,2009).

Page | 6
 Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY

Page | 7
3 METHODOLOGY

Instead of using drag and drop, this system was developed as an interactive web-based
application using HTML. All transactions will be under the system's control. The backend,
which stores customer records and transactions, is My-SQL. It acts as a database. Links are
used to controlling dialog boxes, text boxes, and photos. The project work will guarantee that
all information regarding hotel reservations, cancellations, and availability is stored on a data
server. The administrator has access to these data. An effective and integrated hotel
management system is created to complete all these tasks for the hotel as well as the consumer
side. We have created an HMS system that is unique to a certain hotel. Without having to
interact with the target audience directly, it helps the owner service them. In this study, some
of these criteria were taken into account as system functions and design concepts.

Page | 8
 Chapter 4
REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

Page | 9
4 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

The automated system's objectives must be attained for the design of the HMS to be successful:

o The system must fully disclose all hotel services to the customer, including room
information and costs.

o To quickly respond to user queries, the system must be able to search databases or
records.

o The system must guarantee data consistency and prevent any data, no matter how
minute, from being duplicated.

o The system must be able to produce reports and print data at the user's request.

o The system has to provide several degrees of access for different user jobs, such as
Manager, Administrator, Accountant, and Other Staff.

4.1 Software requirement Specification:

Software refers to a collection of applications used to operate computers. The component of a

computer system known as the software. The following are the specs for the project's minimal
software requirements:

Operating System: Windows XP/Vista/2000, Linux.

Presentation layer: PHP, CSS, HTML, JSP, FLASH
Database: My SQL
Presentation: PowerPoint 2003
Documentation Tools: Ms. Office

Page | 10
4.2 Hardware Requirement Specification:

Hardware refers to the assortment of internal electronic circuits and external physical components
utilized in the construction of a computer. The following minimal hardware parameters must be
met to develop this project:

Processor: Standard processor with a speed of 1.6 GHz

RAM: 2GB RAM or more
Hard Disk: 120 GB or more
Monito: Standard color monitor

4.3 TECHNOLOGY:

4.3.1 HTML:

The preferred markup language for building Web pages is HTML. Hyper Text Mark-up Language
is known as HTML. Using markup, HTML outlines the structure of Web pages. The foundation
of HTML pages are HTML components. Tags are used to represent HTML elements.

4.3.2 CSS:

Cascading Style Sheets is what CSS stands for. CSS explains how HTML elements should appear
on screens, in print, or other media. A lot of work is saved via CSS. It can manage the design of
several web pages simultaneously. In CSS files, external stylesheets are kept.

4.3.3 DATABASE(MySQL):

An open-source relational database management system is called MySQL (RDBMS). The word
"My" is a combination of "SQL," the acronym for a structured query language, and the name of
co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter. Sun Microsystems acquired the Swedish company
MySQL AB, which owned and sponsored MySQL (now OracleCorporation). Widenius forked the
open-source MySQL project to develop MariaDB in 2010, the year Oracle acquired Sun. It was
created using C and C++.

Page | 11
4.3.4 JAVA SCRIPT:

A just-in-time compiled or lightweight programming language having first-class functions is called

JavaScript (JS). Many non-browser contexts, like Node.js, Apache CouchDB, and Adobe Acrobat,
employ it even though it is best recognized as the scripting language for Web pages.

4.3.5 SERVER (APACHE):

An open-source web server design, deployment, and management tool is Apache Web Server. It
was initially created by a team of computer programmers, and the Apache Software Foundation
now maintains it. The code base of Apache Web Server can be changed, and further extensions
and add-ons can be added. Since Apache Web Server supports and recognizes various hosts that
are located on the same computer by default, it is also extensively used by web hosting providers
to offer shared/virtual hosting.

4.3.6 PHP:

"PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor" is referred to by the acronym PHP. A popular open-source

scripting language is PHP. On the server, PHP scripts are executed. You may use and download
PHP for free. Text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code can all be found in PHP files. ".php"
is the extension for PHP files. PHP can produce dynamic content for web pages. On the server,
PHP may open, create, read, write, delete, and close files. PHP may gather data from forms. PHP
is capable of exchanging cookies. PHP allows you to add, delete, and alter database records. The
usage of PHP to manage user access PHP can encrypt data. PHP does not only allow for HTML
output. Images, A variety of platforms support PHP (Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X, etc.) PHP
works with nearly all servers in use today (Apache, IIS, etc.) PHP is compatible with a variety of
databases. Free is PHP. Visit www.php.net to see the official PHP download page. PHP is simple
to learn and performs well on servers.

4.3.7 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE:

The interface was created in a graphical user interface manner for the user's freedom. The browser
is used to apply the standard interface. The top-level GUIs have been classified as:
1) Administrative user interface

Page | 12
2) Customer or general user interface
The administrative user interface focuses on the consistent data that practically underpin
organizational operations and requires appropriate authorization for data collecting. The user
interfaces assist visitors in all transactional states, including data input, deletion, and updating, as
well as data search capabilities. Through the necessary services that are offered on the system, the
general user interface assists users in transactions.

4.3.8 ACCOMMODATION INFORMATION:

This module keeps track of all the information regarding the available Accommodation locations,
the units inside each location, and their respective Reference Unit Types.

4.3.9 UNITS INFORMATION:

This module keeps track of all the units that have been registered by requirements as well as the
types of reference units they use. The module additionally looks after the system using the
available unit and reference unit facilities.

4.3.10 BOOKING MODULE:

This module keeps track of all unit booking information. To find the individual registered guests
who have asked for a certain unit, it searches the station database of available units.

4.3.11 GUEST MODULE:

This module keeps track of all the operations that go into making a guest uniquely registered in a
certain domain. It also centrally establishes interpretation through booking and registry to unit
status.

4.3.12 FACILITIES MODULE:

This module keeps track of all actions taking place in the facilities that are made available for all
or portion of the designated units. This module assists in registering any reference unit facilities
that might sporadically enter the system.

Page | 13
4.3.13 NUMBER OF VIEWS:

• Administrative View
• Guest View

4.3.13.1 ADMINISTRATIVE VIEW:

This view is made to interact with the most fundamental Meta Data, which serves as the ultimate
consistency repository. Only registered administrators who have been approved by the Watershed
Development central administration department can access this view. This Module takes care of
the responsibility of the major Table management for

o Data Insertion

o Data Deletion

o Data Updating

o Data Selection

All the activities are validated and authenticated to the proper profile to access.

4.3.13.2 GUEST VIEW:

The visitor can view all the information on the list of available accommodations in this view.

4.3.14 METHOD OF BOOKING:

Thanks to computerization, guests can now make reservations or book directly with the hotel.
When a customer chooses to phone directly and make a reservation, the front desk will ask what
kind of room they would like. There are four main types of rooms:

Page | 14
 i. Single Non-AC
ii. Single AC
iii. Double Non-AC
iv. Double AC

This specifies the kinds of rooms that are offered and their associated costs. The consumer fills out
the guest registration form after deciding on the selected room. This card will include details such
as the customer's name, address, passport number (if applicable), arrival date, departure date, etc.
When the client eventually shows up for allocation, it is assumed that a reservation was made The
actual time of arrival and departure are also recorded in the register.

4.3.15 DATABASE ACCESS TECHNOLOGY:

This solution can combine MySQL and Java usage. DBC, which consists of a collection of Java
classes and interfaces, is a Java API for running SQL statements and can offer unified access to
numerous relational databases. JDBC offers database developers a common API on which they
may base more complex tools and interfaces, allowing them to create database applications using
only the Java API. A connection to the database, sending a statement of the operational database,
and processing the results are all features of JDBC. Java is a superb language for creating database
applications since it is reliable, secure, simple to use, simple to comprehend, and can be
downloaded automatically from the network. All you need is a Java application, and JDBC is a
technique for communicating across various databases. JDBC increases Java's functionality.

For instance, a Web page with an applet that applet from external databases can be published using
Java and the JDBC API. Even if employees use these computers with a range of operating systems,
including Windows, Macintosh, UNIX, etc., businesses can still use JDBC via the intranet to one
or more internal databases. T JDBC API enables a three-tier model (B/S) in addition to a two-layer
model (c/s) for database access. The Java application or applet will communicate directly with the
database in a two-layer approach. To interface with a certain database management system, you
will need a JDBC driver. The database receives the user's SQL statement and responds with the
results.

Page | 15
Users can connect to databases that are located on various computers over a network. This is
referred to as a client/server arrangement, in which users' computers function as clients and the
computer hosting the database serves as a server. The command is transmitted to the service's
"middle-tier" in a three-tiered architecture, which subsequently sends SQL statements to the
database.

Page | 16
 Chapter 5
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS

Page | 17
5 FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS

The analysis of the structure of hotels management information systems mainly from the use of
feasibility, technical and economic aspects

i. Possibility of applying Since each hotel has different needs and currently only a few
star hotels use computer-aided automation, convenient, and efficient systems of hotel
management, it is important to first identify these needs in detail before developing a
management information system. The operator's actual situation and environmental
factors were the main focus of the feasibility analysis employed for hotel management
information systems.
Therefore, when conducting a feasibility analysis, pay particular attention to industry-
specific roles, especially those that require a high level of mission criticality, such as
hotel general managers and department heads who are aware of and familiar with the
system. Additionally, when a system uses a feasibility analysis, it should take into
account the environmental variables, particularly unique situations that arise during
business operations.

ii. Technical feasibility: According to the direction of technological growth, B/the s

mode may be employed for the construction of this system, Intranet technologies. A
database server that uses the MySQL database to manage enormous volumes of data
while preserving the data's integrity and offers numerous sophisticated management
features. Its ease of use, security, and flexibility offer favorable conditions for database
programming. As a result, software platforms for systems are already developed and
theoretically feasible.

iii. Economic feasibility: Economic feasibility analysis focuses on analyzing and

evaluating the capital efficiency and funding requirements for construction projects,
as well as budget projections, input-output ratios, payback periods for investments,
investment benefit analyses, and other factors. As a result, choosing management

Page | 18
 information systems for hotels has significant economic viability and substantial
investment returns.

Page | 19
 Chapter 6
SYSTEM DESIGN

Page | 20
6 SYSTEM DESIGN

6.1 ER DIAGRAM

Diagram 6.1: ER Diagram

The ERD's main objective is to represent data objects and their connections.

Page | 21
6.2 OUTPUTS

6.2.1 HOME PAGE

Figure 6.1: Home Page

6.2.2 ABOUT PAGE

Figure 6.2: About Page

Page | 22
6.2.3 ACCOMMODATION

Figure 6.3: Accommodation

6.2.4 CONTACT

Figure 6.4: Contact

Page | 23
6.2.5 ROOM BOOKING PAGE

Figure 6.5: Room Booking Page

Page | 24
6.2.6 REGISTRATION

Figure 6.6: Registration

Page | 25
6.2.7 FACILITIES

Figure 6.7.1: Single Non AC

Figure 6.7.2: Single AC

Page | 26
 Figure 6.7.3: Double Non AC

Figure 6.7.4: Double AC

Page | 27
6.2.8 FOOTER AREA

Figure 6.8: Footer Area

6.2.9 ADMIN LOG-IN PAGE

Figure 6.9: Admin Log-in Page

6.2.10 USER DETAILS

Figure 6.10: User Details

Page | 28
 Chapter 7
RESULT ANALYSIS & IMPLEMENTATION

Page | 29
7 RESULT ANALYSIS & IMPLEMENTATION
The methodology outlined in the earlier chapters served as the foundation for the design of the
project, and the implementation was driven by the need for a hotel management system. The
retrieval of records, user actions, administrator activities, and hotel reservations are the four main
components of the project effort. The outcomes of the work's implementation are described in
more detail in the sections that follow (Law, R., J. Wong,2003). As a result, we can reserve a room
for each customer during this phase. The reservation form is displayed in the process above.

7.1 ADMINISTRATION’S ACTIVITIES

After logging in, the administrator can carry out a variety of tasks, including booking rooms for
customers, viewing database information, allowing access to the system to other users, and
obtaining data from those individuals. The administrator enters information about the room,
including the name, kind, description, and number as well as the rate, adult fee, and kid fee. The
information is then saved in the database. The administrator is also capable of carrying out
additional tasks, like data retrieval.

7.2 GUEST’S ACTIVITIES

Other than the administrator, several other people have access to the system to carry out specific
tasks. The action taken depends on the authority the administrator has given them. The user logs
into the system here. After logging into the system, the user can also reserve rooms for clients.
Additionally, as demonstrated, the user has control over customers checking in and out by
approving the client's balance when they check-in. In a similar vein, the user can also view database
data.

7.3 OBSERVATION FROM THE IMPLEMENTED WORK

Through the various outcomes of the work's implementation, we were able to prevent conflicts in
the assignment of rooms and ensure good data management by preventing unauthorized users from

Page | 30
accessing the system. The project has many advantages, some of which are highlighted below, and
it can be executed in real-time.

Performance: The manual management of the hotel record takes a lot of time and is quite error-
prone. Thanks to quick data retrieval and centralized data coordination, this effort will enhance the
functionality of the hotel management system.

Efficiency: Due to the division of labor created by the privileges offered to other users, the project
work improves the hotel's operational efficiency.

Control: A person with permission and the password to this project has full authority over the
electronic system, and unapproved access is not something that should be dealt with.

Security: The primary criterion for an electronic hotel management system is security. Since
unauthorized access could cause the database to become corrupt, data storage is protected. As a
result, the project effort ensures data security.

Page | 31
 Chapter 8
Conclusions

Page | 32
 8 CONCLUSIONS

8.1 LIMITATIONS

The project, which deals with administrative, security, and general services transactions in
hotel management, was already discussed. However, these findings indicate that the
initiative has limitations. Although the study seeks to reduce burdensome procedures, this
approach gathers all of the customer's information. The system is not intended to operate
offline, and the online room reservation menu does not include an option for online
payment.
Due to time restrictions, some fields were left out, and the program was only able to cover
the most important aspects of hotel management. It reduces clerical errors and enhances
the efficiency, speed, and economy of operations. Customers are given information easily
and without error, yet fewer tiresome copies are required. Despite efforts to make this
package simple to form, it has certain limitations. One of the limitations is that it only
functions on digital computers and that no text are available. Technical changes could be
made to this package to allow for text-based outputs. This package's operating system may
be switched from a standalone to an online version (March JG,1958).

8.1 FUTURE SCOPE

• The system should contain biometric measures like a fingerprint, retinal scan, etc. to
ensure good security, prevent impersonation and illegal access to stored data, and avoid
loss of critical information.
• The use of a multi-modal hotel management control system for customer service.
• The implementation of more up-to-date online features, such as PayPal for online
payments.
• Appropriate arrangements should be created so that guests can use their mobile phones
to communicate with hotel employees who are authorized to make reservations.

Page | 33
8.2 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, if implemented successfully, we think this project will save time, lessen the
amount of work that needs to be done by the administration, and replace stationery with
electronic equipment. The system ought to act as a crucial toolkit for increasing hotel
management efficiency. Consequently, a project with predetermined outcomes has been
created. By addressing issues with modern operating systems, such as heavy workload,
delayed data transmission, prone to mistake management statistics, and other factors, this
management system improves the competitiveness of the hotel industry.

Page | 34
 Chapter 9
References

Page | 35
9 REFERENCES
[1]. Cyert RM and March JG. A behavioral theory of the firm. 2nd ed., USA; Prentice-Hall: 1963:
pp. 150.

[2]. March JG and Simon HA. Organizations. John Wiley and sons, New York; 1958: pp. 262.

[3]. W. J. Relihan Iii, "The yield-management approach to hotel-room pricing," The Cornell
Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, vol. 30, pp. 40-45, 1989.

[4]. M. S. Islam, et al., "An Automated Intelligent Hotel Management System," in 2009
Interdisciplinary Conference in Chemical, Mechanical and Materials Engineering (2009
ICCMME), Melbourne, Australia, 2009.

[5]. Law, R., J. Wong (2003) Successful factors for a travel web site: Perceptions of online
purchasers in Hong Kong. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research 27(1), pp. 118-124.

[6]. North DC. Institutions, Institutional change and economic performance. Cambridge
Universisy press, New York; 1990: pp. 62-73.

Page | 36