Scribd
Upload
51 views3 pages

WEEK7DAY1 Students

Uploaded by

Aliki Mae Guardiano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
51 views3 pages

WEEK7DAY1 Students

Uploaded by

Aliki Mae Guardiano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

GENERAL MATHEMATICS

WEEK 7: LESSON 1
Propositions, Simple and Compound Propositions

MELC: The learner illustrates and symbolizes proposition.


MELC: The learner distinguishes between simple and compound propositions. M11GM-IIg-3

OBJECTIVES:
1. explains a proposition
2. represents propositions
3. recognize simple and compound propositions.

PROPOSITIONS
Proposition is a declarative sentence that is either true or false, but not both.
A small letter is used to denote a proposition.

Example:

p: Grade 11 students should study logic.

May be read as:


p is the proposition “Grade 11 students should study logic.”

If a sequence of proposition is considered, we denote the propositions by p_1, p_2, p_3,…

More Examples:
Directions: Determine if each sentence is a proposition or not. If it is, give its truth value.

a. Exercise is beneficial to a person.


Answer: It is a declarative sentence that may either be true or false, so it is a proposition. And,
since research says it’s true, then its truth value is true.

b. Forgive and forget.


Answer: It is an imperative sentence. Hence, it is not a proposition.

c. Happy birthday!
Answer: It is an exclamatory sentence which makes it not a proposition also.

d. There is no stronger than the heart of a volunteer.


Answer: It is a declarative sentence that may either be true or false. It is a proposition.
Most especially in cases of front liners, this is true. Otherwise proven to be wrong, then it is false
in that specific instance.

p: 3! = 6/2
Answer: Translated to the verbal statement, this mathematical sentence is “three factorials is
equal to six divided by two”. It is a declarative sentence, so it is a proposition.
Meanwhile, since 3! = 6 and 6/2 = 3, then the proposition is false.

q: Never mind, I am just joking.


Answer: It is a declarative sentence but be cautious. Notice that the statement cannot be true
nor false. If the statement is true, it cannot be because the speaker is telling a joke. If it is false,
it cannot be either because the person is speaking the truth.
Hence, it is not a proposition.
pp1: If an individual is great, then there is a teacher behind.
Answer: It is a declarative sentence that may either be correct or not. It is therefore a
proposition. Every great person the world has known has a patient teacher or coach,
acknowledged or not, hence the proposition is true.

pp2: Either a person saves before spending, or one spends before saving.
Answer: It is a declarative sentence that may either be true or false which tells us that it is a
proposition. It is especially true if one earns money. It may be false if there is none to spend or
save.

pp3: It is not shamed to greet the utility worker the same way as with the
school principal.
Answer: It is a declarative sentence that is true. Thus, it is a proposition.

pp4: If a person is disabled, then he/she is entitled to obtain a PWD ID,


and if a person is entitled to obtain a PWD ID, then he/she is
disabled.
Answer: It is a declarative sentence which by law is true. It is a proposition.

SIMPLE AND COMPOUND PROPOSITIONS


To start with, propositions may be divided into two big groups of simple propositions and
compound propositions.
Simple Proposition - is a proposition that cannot be broken down into more than one
proposition. Otherwise, it is a Compound Proposition.
Compound Proposition – is a proposition that is formed by joining simple propositions using
logical connectors.

Given propositions p and/or q, some logical connectors may be expressed in terms of the
following:
not p
p and q
p or q
If p, then q

Example:
Determine whether it is a simple or compound proposition. If it is a compound proposition,
identify the simple components.

a: Exercise is beneficial to a person.


Answer: Simple Propositions

d: There is no stronger than the heart of a volunteer.


Answer: Simple Propositions

p: 3! = 6/2
Answer: Simple Propositions

p1: If an individual is great, then there is a teacher behind.


Answer: Compound propositions

p2: Either a person saves before spending, or one spends before saving.
Answer: Compound propositions

p3: It is not a shame to greet the utility worker the same way as with the school principal.
Answer: Compound propositions
p4: If a person is disabled, then he/ she is entitled to obtain a PWD ID, and if a person is
entitled to obtain a PWD ID, then he/ she is disabled.
Answer: Compound propositions

A. SEAT WORK:
Directions: Identify the simple propositions comprising each of the compound propositions
below. Translate it as well into symbols using the logical connector used in each proposition.

You might also like