STATE HOUSE GIRLS HIGH SCHOOL

BIOLOGY NOVEMBER/DECEMBER -2024 HOLIDAY

ASSIGNMENT

NAME:…………………………………………………... ADM NO……………………………….

CANDIDATE’S SIGN …………………..PARENTS SIGNATURE……………………………….
DATE …………CLASS………………

231/1
BIOLOGY
Paper 1
THEORY

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
(a) Write your name and ADM number in the spaces provided above
(b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above
(c) Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided
(d) This paper consist of 11 printed pages
(e) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are provided
as indicated and that no questions are missing.

For Examiner’s Use Only

Question Maximum Score Candidate’s Score

This paper consists of 12 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to
ensure that all pages are printed as indicated and no questions are missing.
Answer all questions in spaces provided
1. Name the antigens present in red blood cells of a person whose blood group is B
positive.
(2mks)
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1. 2. State function of the following in seed. Germination. (3 marks)

i) Water
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ii) Enzymes
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iii) Oxygen
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1. 3. Distinguish between identical twins and fraternal twins. (2 marks)

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4. State three characteristics of class Reptilia. (3mks)

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5. The diagram below represents the structure of a yeast cell as seen under a light
microscope.

(a) Name parts labeled (2mks)

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6. (a) Which part of plant normally shows
(i) Increased growth at lower auxin concentration (1mk)
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(ii) Decreased growth at lower auxin concentration (1mk)
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7. State the functions of the following parts of a light microscope.
(i) Fine adjustment knob (1mk)
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(ii) Condenser (1mk)
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8. Give a reason for the following features present in human trachea
(i) Ring of cartilage (1mk)
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(ii) Presence of cilia (1mk)
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9. The diagram below shows a plant supportive tissue

(a) Identify the tissue (1mk)

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(b) State two similarities between tissue named in 9(a) above and one conducting
water in
dicotyledonous
plant. (
2mks)
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10. A wild beast in Masai MaraNational Park were found to be infested with a lot of ticks.
State the trophic level occupied by the following organisms:
(a) (i) Wild beast (1mk)
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(ii) Ticks (1mk)
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(b) Sketch a pyramid of numbers to represent above feeding relationship. (1mk)

11. (a) Name the causative agent of the following diseases in humans.
(i) Bilhaziasis (1mk)
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(ii) Syphilis (1mk)
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(b) What do you understand by the following terms?
(i) Varicose veins (1mk)
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(ii) Thrombosis (1mk)
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12. The flow chart below shows the movement and fate of carbohydrate synthesized by
green plants.

(a)Name the type of carbohydrate that is

(i) Transported from leaf to other parts of plant (1mk)
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(ii) Found in storage tissues (1mk)
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 (b) Name two main photosynthetic tissues found in a leaf (2mks)
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13. State the roles of the following cell organelles in a cell
(a) Lysosomes (2mks)
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(b) Centrioles (1mk)
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14. Name the physiological process involve in the movement of the following substances in
and out of the cell.
(a) Mineral salts (1mk)
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(b) Water (1mk)
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15. Below is the dental formula of an organism

(i) Calculate the total number of teeth in the month of the animal (2mks)

(ii) With a reason, identify the type of dentition for the organism (2mks)
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16. The diagram below shows a section through a plant organ

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 (a) (i) Name the class of the plant from which the section was obtained (1mk)
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(ii) Give a reason for your answer in a(i) above (1mk)
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17. (a) Name two structures for gaseous exchange in aquatic plants. (2mks)
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(b) State one adaption of the above named structures. (1mk)
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18. During a biological trip, plants that had flowers drew the attention of students
(a) Name the subdivision of the plants (1mk)
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(b) Name two possible characteristics that students would use to conclude that they
were
insect
pollinated. (2mks)
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19 . The diameter field of view of a light microscopic is 6.5mm. Plant cells lying across the
diameter are 12. Determine the size of one cell in micrometers. (2 marks)

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20. . 5C51 H98 06 + 145 O2 102 CO2 + 98 H2O

The above equation shows an oxidation reaction of food substances.

a) What do you understand by the term respiratory quotient? (1 mrk)

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b) Determine respiratory quotient of the oxidation of food substances. (2 mark)

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21. Insulin is a hormone synthesized using bacteria DNA. It is possible to obtain from
hospitals because of the new technology
(a) Name the technology used in the case above. (1mk)
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(b) Why were bacteria preferred in the medicine production (2mks
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22. Explain how water from the soil is gained by root hair in plants. (2 marks)
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(b) Explain why the body temperature of a healthy human being must rise upto 390C
on a hot
humid

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 day. (3mks)
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23. Explain what happens to human body when glucose level is above normal (3mks)
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24. State three roles of Gibberellins hormone in plant. (3 marks)
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25. State the functional difference between sensory and motor neurons (1mk)
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26. Give two reasons why class insect is the most numerous among members of phylum
Arthropoda.
(
2mks)
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27. The diagram below shows the appearance of a plant cell after it had been placed in a
strong salt solution

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 (a) Name the process occurred in the cell shown above. (1mk)
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(b) (i) Which substance is present in the regions marked 1? (1mk)
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(ii) Give reasons (2mks)
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28. State two roles of a fruit to a plant (2mks)

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29. What is the importance of the following in an ecosystem?
(i) Bacteria and fungi (1mk)
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(ii) Predators (1mk)
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30. Outline three roles of active transport in the human body. (3mks)
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 SECTION B
SECTION B (40MARKS)
Answer question 6 (compulsory) in the spaces provided and either question 7 or 8 on the
spaces provided after question 8.
1. Some students used a model to demonstrate the effect of sweating on human body
temperature. Two boiling tube A and B were filled with hot water. The temperature of
water in the tubes A was taken at the start of experiment and then at 5minutes interval.
The surface of tube A was continuously wiped with a piece of cotton wool soaked in
methylated spirit. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
Time Temperature in 0C in tubes
Minutes A B
0 80 80
5 54 67
10 40 59
15 29 52
20 21 47
25 18 46

(a)
On the same axes, plot graphs of temperature of water in the tubes against time. (Graph
paper provided) (7marks

(a) At what rate was the water-cooling in tube A? (1mark)

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(b) Why was tube B included in the set up? (1mark)

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(c) Account for the rate of cooling in tube A (3marks)

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(d) State two processes of heat loss in tube B. (2marks)

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(e) What would be the expected results if tube A was insulated? (1mark)

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(f) What would the insulation be comparable to in:

(i) Birds
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(ii) Mammals

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(g) Name the structures in the human body that detect:

(i) External temperature changes

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(1mark)

(ii) Internal temperature changes

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(1mark)

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7. (a) Distinguish between tissue respiration and breathing. (4marks)
(b) Describe how carbon (IV) oxide produced by respiratory liver cells reaches the alveoli
cavities in the mammalian lungs.(16marks)
8. (a) Describe the roles of Auxins and Ethylene in plant growth and Development.(10marks)
(b)How are xerophytes adapted to their habitat? (10marks)

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