Ppe Visit Report Prac-5

R C TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, SOLA, AHMEDABAD
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORT
SR.NO DESCRIPTION DETAILS

GANDHINAGAR THERMAL POWER STATION (GUJARAT
1 NAME OF INDUSTRY STATE ELECTRICITY CORPORATION LIMITED)
GANDHINAGAR TPS, GANDHINAGAR-382041
2 ADDRESS OF INDUSTRY
CONTACT PERSON
NAME SHRI H. B. DAVE
3
4 DATE OF VISIT 01/03/2023
5 TIME OF VISIT 3:00 PM
6 SEMESTER 6th SEM
7 DIVISION ME61, ME62 & ME63
8 SUBJECT NAME POWER PLANT ENGINEERING
NO OF STUDENT
9 PRESENT 34
10 TOPICS COVERED THERMAL POWER PLANT

11 NAME OF FACULTY M. D. SHAH SIR , M. K. GANDHI MAM
12 Department Mechanical engineering
1
➢ SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF 210 MW THERMAL POWER PLANT
Fig-1, Schematic Diagram of 210MW Thermal Power

Station
2
➢ Thermal power plant
At present 57.08 % or 211214.63 MW (data source CEA, as on 01/04/2023) of total

electricity production in India is from coal based thermal power station. Coal based
thermal power plant converts the chemical energy of the coal into electrical energy.
This is achieved by raising the steam in the boilers expanding it through turbine and
coupling the turbines to the generators to which converts mechanical energy into
electrical energy
Fig-2, 1000MW Thermal Power Station
3
➢ ARANGEMENT OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS IN THERMAL
POWER PLANT
Fig-3, Component of T.P.S
Cooling Tower Coal Hopper

Cooling Tower Pump Coal Pulverizer
Transmission Line (3-Phase) Boiler Stem Drum
Step-up Transformer (3-Phase) Bottom Ash Hopper
Electrical Generator(3-Phase) Super heater
Low-Pressure Steam Turbine Forced draught Fan
Condensate Pump Reheater
Surface Condenser Combustion air intake
Intermediate Pressure Turbine Economizer
Steam Control Valve Air Preheater
High Pressure Steam Turbine Precipitator
Deaerator Induced draught Fan
Feed Water Heater Fuel Gas Stack
Coal Conveyer
4
➢ WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THERMAL POWER PLANT
Coal based thermal power plant works on the principle of modified Rankine
Cycle.
Fig-4, Modified Rankine Cycle
5
• Major / Equipment machines
• Boiler
• Turbine
• Condenser
• Feed water pump
• Alternator
• Chimney
• Cooling tower
• Coal mill
• Electrostatic-precipitator
• Switch yard
• Generating transformer
• Steam trap
• BOILER :- boilers are used in power plants in order to produce high pressured steam,
so that the plant can generate electricity.
• Turbine :- The role of the turbine is to transform the energy of water, steam or wind
into mechanical energy that will make the generator spin. The generator transforms the
mechanical energy into electricity.
There are two types of boiler in this power plant
1. High pressure turbine

2. Low pressure turbine
• Condenser :- A condenser's function is to allow high pressure and temperature

refrigerant vapor to condense and eject heat.
6
• Feed water pump :- Boiler feed water pumps transport water into boilers using high
pressure. Thus, a boiler feed pump is built to handle extremely high water pressure to
deliver the feed water into the boiler system. Generally, a boiler feed pump can handle
the pressure of up to 100 bar.
• Alternator:- An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to
electrical energy in the form of alternating current.
• Chimney :- The flue gas passing through the ESP unit is released into the atmosphere
at a high altitude through the chimney. This action results in condensation. So air
pollution stops in the lower atmosphere.
• Cooling tower :- The cooling water that is passed through the condenser, for
condensing steam coming out of the turbine, gets heated and in order to cool that water
down, cooling towers are used.
• Coal mill :- Coal milling system in coal power plant purposely to process the raw coal
to become as pulverize fuel before enter to the boiler furnace.
• Electrostatic-precipitator :- Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is used to remove ash,
dust and smoke from flue gas so it does not pass into the atmosphere.
• Switch yard :- A switchyard is the set of facilities outside a power plant in which
voltage is transformed and electricity flow is directed onto transmission lines.
• Generating transformer :- A generator transformer in a power plant is a critical
component that facilitates the transmission of power generated by the generator to the
power grid.
• Steam trap :- The duty of a steam trap is to discharge condensate, air and other
incondensable gases from a steam system while not permitting the escape of live steam.
• Air preheater :- air preheater is to extract the preheater is to extract the excess heat
from the flue gases in the boiler.
• Economizer :- The function of economizer in a thermal power plant is to recover
some of the heat from the heat carried away in the flue gases up the chimney and
utilize for heating the feed water to the boiler.
7
• Reheater :- Reheater is a part of the boiler which to reheat steam output from the first
level of the steam turbine. Reheated steam will again absorb the heat energy from the
boiler to be used in the next level steam turbine . Reheater is one way to improve the
thermal efficiency of the Rankine Cycle.
• Hot well :- The condenser hot well serves as a water reservoir for the turbine cycle.
When hot well level reaches the low point, a valve opens to supply make-up water to
the cycle.
• Ejector :- The main function of the ejector is to maintain the vacuum value in the
condensation system of the turbine.
8
➢ ABOUT GSECL :-
➢ Gujarat State Electricity Corporation Limited (GSECL) was incorporated in

August 1993 and is registered under the Companies Act, 1956 with the objectives to
initiate a process of restructuring of Power Sector and to mobilize resources from the
market for adding to the generating capacity of the State and improving the quality and
cost of existing generation. The Company was promoted by erstwhile Gujarat Electricity
Board (GEB) as its wholly owned subsidiary in the context of liberalization and as a
part of efforts towards restructuring of the Power Sector.
➢ The Government of Gujarat (GoG) has also given to the GSECL the status of
Independent Power Producer (IPP) with approval to undertake new power projects. The
Company commenced its commercial operation in the year 1998. However, the
operations of GSECL were limited to Power Stations units Gandhinagar #5, Wanakbori
#7, Utran GBPS & Dhuvaran CCPP till the complete unbundling of erstwhile GEB was
undertaken, i.e. up to 31st March 2005.
➢ As a part of the reform process, the Government of Gujarat has unbundled the various
functions of GEB. As a result of this unbundling, Gujarat State Electricity Corporation
Limited (GSECL) has taken up the responsibility of electricity generation. Electricity
Transmission has been entrusted to the already existing company - GETCO.
Distribution network in the state has been split up among four distribution companies,
which cater to the northern, central, southern, and western parts of the state respectively.
All these companies have been structured as subsidiaries of a holding company, Gujarat
Urja Vikas Nigam Limited (GUVNL). GUVNL is also the single bulk buyer in the state
as well as the bulk supplier to distribution companies. It will also carry out the trading
function in the state.
9
➢ About Gandhinagar power plant
➢ Gandhinagar Thermal Power Station is a coal-fired power station in Gujarat, India. It is

located on the bank of Sabarmati river near Gandhinagar. The original installed capacity
of the Station is 870 MW, comprising of units of 120 MW each (Unit no.1 & 2), three
units of 210 MW each (Unit no. 3, 4 & 5) with a total installed capacity of 870 MW. The
Commissioning dates of unit no. 1 to 5 are 13.03.1977, 10.04.1977, 20.03.1990,
20.07.1991 and 17.03.1998 respectively. The 2 x 120 MW Unit no 1 & 2 have been retired
from service w e f 03.09.2016 & the Station Capacity has reduced to 630 MW w e f
03.09.2016.
➢ SALIENT FEATURES OF 210 MW UNIT OF GANDHINAGAR T.P.S :-
✓ Plant capacity :3*210 MW

✓ Boiler capacity :690 tones/hour of Steam ad pressure of 136 kg/(cm) squ and
540.C
✓ Coal handling :1000 T/hour
✓ Chimney height :120 m for 3 & 4 and 220 m for unit 5
✓ Cooling tower height : 121 m for 3 & 4 and 131 m for unit 5
Cooling tower capacity : 33000 m3/ hr
✓ Cooling water pump
✓ capacity :16,500 m3/ hr no:3
✓ capacity of condenser :700 t/hr
✓ capacity of service :150 m3
✓ capacity of clarifier tank :2700 m3
✓ capacity of step up
✓ Transformer :140 MWA
✓ Step up ratio :15.7 Kw / 220 Kw
✓ Capacity of unit auxiliary :15 MWA
✓ Step down ratio :13.8kw / 6.6 Kw
✓ Capacity of FO storage
✓ Tank :2*15680 m3
✓ Capacity of LDO storage
✓ Tank :400 tones
✓ Capacity of Ash handling :160 T / hr
10
➢ List of Some Various Power stations in Gujarat (In Authority of
GSECL)
Sr. Name of Company No. of Capacity of Total

each units Generation
units
(MW) capacity(MW)
1 Gandhinagar TPS 5 2-120 630
3-210
2 Ukai TPS 6 2-120 1350
2-200
1-210
1-500
3 Wanakbori TPS 8 7-210 2270
1-800
4 Sikka TPS 4 2-120 920
2-250
5 Kutch TPS 4 2-70 290
2-75
6 Bhavnagar TPS 2 2-250 500
7 Dhuvaran TPS 6 4-63.5 534
2-140
8 Akrimota TPS 2 2-125 250
11
ABOUT VISIT :-
PHOTOGRAPH OF VISIT :-
All students reached Thermal Power Station Gandhinagar by 3:00 PM on 1/03/2023 along
with faculty. The students were guided to the basic knowledge of coal based Thermal
Power Plants. Training supervisor from TPS Gandhinagar accompanied students group and
showed them coal yard, boilers, control room turbine room, generator room and switchyard
of TPS Gandhinagar.
In this Industrial visit ,first of all students learn about the Control panels and how they
maintain the frequency of the voltage according to variable load requirement and also the
specifications of different types of motor etc. After that how Coal gets into the boiler
and its combustion , exhaustion and Boiler Process and Water-Steam Cycle. students also
learned that how different parameters like Pressure, Temperature, Flow, Conductivity,
12
working of steam trap and pH of Water and Steam is measured and maintained at standard
required values.
• All students expressed their thanks to the officials for the opportunity given. This trip was
highly useful for the students in terms of practical knowledge about the control room i.e.
control panels, boilers etc. This trip will also be helpful for them to find placement
opportunities in such industries.
➢ CONCLUSION :-
• After visit of Gandhinagar thermal power plant, I understood the working of various
components of power plant and how electricity generated in thermal power station.
13

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R C TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, SOLA, AHMEDABAD

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORT

SR.NO DESCRIPTION DETAILS

10 TOPICS COVERED THERMAL POWER PLANT

Fig-1, Schematic Diagram of 210MW Thermal Power

At present 57.08 % or 211214.63 MW (data source CEA, as on 01/04/2023) of total

Fig-2, 1000MW Thermal Power Station

Fig-3, Component of T.P.S

Cooling Tower Coal Hopper

Fig-4, Modified Rankine Cycle

1. High pressure turbine

• Condenser :- A condenser's function is to allow high pressure and temperature

➢ Gujarat State Electricity Corporation Limited (GSECL) was incorporated in

➢ Gandhinagar Thermal Power Station is a coal-fired power station in Gujarat, India. It is

➢ SALIENT FEATURES OF 210 MW UNIT OF GANDHINAGAR T.P.S :-

✓ Plant capacity :3*210 MW

Sr. Name of Company No. of Capacity of Total

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