Contents Concepts and Drills on a. Basics of Time, Speed and Distance b. Relative Speed ¢, Problems Based on Trains d. Problems Based on Boats & Streams e. Problems Based on Races Googly Questions Concept Review Questions Practice Exercise Self Assessment and Test Analysis Concepts to Remember Mind BenderFACE D Spt00 ooo Time, Speed & Distance is a very interesting topic as it has a lot of real life applications. While the diversity of problems from this area is vast, the concepts to be learnt are not many. In this work book, the different types of questions appearing in aptitude tests from this topic have been dealt with. 2 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE7 Concept 1: Basics of Time, Speed and Distance The term Speed generally refers to the average speed of a journey and is defined as the ratio of distance covered to unit time. istance (D) Speed (8) = ES a Remember e@ When distance covered is constant, speed is inversely proportional to time taken. Example: Assume the distance between your house and college is 60 km. If you travel at a speed of 60 kmph, you will reach the college in 1 hour, and if you travel at a speed of 15 kmph, you will reach the college in 4 hours. © When time taken is constant, distance covered is directly proportional to speed. Example: If you travel for one hour at a speed of 40 kmph, you will cover 40 km, and if you travel at 60 kmph for the same one hour, you will cover 60 km. © When speed is constant, distance covered is directly proportional to time taken. Example: When you are travelling at a speed of 60 kmph, if you travel for an hour, you will cover 60 km, and if you travel for 2 hours, you will cover 120 km. Unit Conversions: lkm_ 1km 1000m Ihr 1000m_ 5 m = x ——— x ——_ = —__ hr hr lkm 3600 s 3600s 18 s 1 lm km 3600s 3600km 18 km s *f000m™ Thr 1000hr 5 hr CONCEPTS AND DRILLS 3Assume that you are participating in a race and driving at an average speed of 180 kmph. What will be the distance covered by you in: i 2 hours? ii, 5 hours? iii, 35 minutes? For the same data, what will be the time taken by you to cover: 540 km 60 km 15 km 800 m Walking at (5/7)" of your usual speed, you will reach the market 16 minutes late. What is the usual time taken by you to reach the market? min If you ride your scooter at a speed of 20 kmph from your house, you will reach your college at 9.05 a.m. If you ride at 30 kmph, then you will reach at 8.55 a.m. Find the distance between your house and college km Ifyou travel 210 km from town A to town B at a speed of 30 kmph and from there to town C at a speed of 70 kmph for another 140 km, then what is your average speed during the entire journey? Total Distance covered = km TIME, SPEED & DISTANCETime taken for first 210 km = Time taken for next 140 km = Total time taken = Average speed = f. If you travel from your house to office at the speed of 30 kmph and return home at the speed of 70 kmph, then what is your average speed for the entire journey? Are the two distances same here? Yes / No /cannot be inferred Total distance covered is Total time taken is Average speed is hrs hrs km Remember If the speed of onward journey is x kmph and that of the return journey is y kmph, the average speed of the total journey is 2xy/(x+y). CONCEPTS AND DRILLSaoe | St Concept 2: Relative Speed ee Consider two people, A and B travelling towards each other, initially separated by a distance of 10 m. If ‘A’ is moving at a speed of 3 m/s and ‘B’ is moving at a speed of 2 m/s, after how many seconds will they meet? ___ The speed of a body B as seen from another body A is called the relative speed of B with respect to A. You are in need of Rs.10,000 and decide to borrow it from your friend who lives 120 km away from your place. Case 1: You decide to go to his place in your car at an average speed of 40 kmph to collect it. How long will you take to meet him? hrs Case 2: Both of you are travelling towards each other. Your friend is travelling in his bike at a speed of 20 kmph and you are travelling at a speed of 40 kmph. i. What will be the distance between you and your friend after an hour? km ii, After how much time will you meet your friend? hrs 6 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE# Case 3: Your friend is already on his way to his office (which is in the opposite direction), travelling at a speed of 20 kmph. You decide to chase him down, travelling at a speed of 40 kmph. i. What will be the distance between you and your friend after an hour? km ii, After how much time will you meet your friend? km When two objects, A and B are travelling at speeds of S, and S, respectively, their relative speed, e@ when A and B are travelling in the same direction = © when A and B are travelling in the opposite direction = CONCEPTS AND DRILLSConcept 3: Problems Based on Trains Problems based on relative motion of trains, appear almost in all aptitude question papers. One main difference between other relative speed problems and these problems is that the train is a long object and its length also needs to be considered while computing the distance. Problems on trains generally fall into one of the following two categories: Case 1: Train passing a bridge When a train of length L passes a bridge of length D, the distance travelled by the train to cross the bridge is the sum of the lengths of the bridge and the train (L + D). Example: If a train of length 600 m passes a bridge of length 400 m in 2 minutes, find the speed of the train. Distance travelled = 600 m + 400 m= 1 km Time taken = 2 minutes = 3 hours Therefore, Speed = 2 = 30 kmph In the case of the train passing a pole or other objects of negligible length, the distance travelled will be equal to the length of the train. Case 2: Train passing another train When a train of length L, crosses another train of length L,, the distance travelled will be the sum of the lengths of the two trains, ie. L, +L, 8 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE# When they travel in the same direction, the relative speed is the difference between the speeds of the trains. When they travel in opposite directions, the relative speed is the sum of the speeds of the two trains: a. What is the time taken by a 90 m long train travelling at a speed of 18 kmph to cross a bridge of length 270 m? The total distance to be covered is The speed of the train is (Check if the units are consistent) The time taken to cross the bridge is b. A train 90 m long is travelling at a speed of 40 kmph. A man is running at a speed of 5 kmph in a direction opposite to the motion of the train. What would be the time taken by the train to cross the man? Total distance to be covered is Relative speed is (Check if the units are consistent) Time taken to cross the man is CONCEPTS AND DRILLS 9- 4 Concept 4: Problems Based on ‘ "Beats and Streams Problems involving boats and streams are applications of the effective speed concept. Consider a stream flowing at a speed of S, and a boat moving in the stream. Let the speed of the boat in still water be S,. If the stream and the boat are moving in the same direction (down stream or along the stream), effective speed of the boat S, = S, + S,, If the stream and the boat are moving in the opposite direction (up stream or against the stream), effective speed of the boat S.= Drill 4 a) A boat can travel at a speed of 13 kmph in still water. If the speed of the stream is 4 kmph, find the time taken by the boat to travel 68 km downstream. Effective speed of the boat = hrs Time taken to cover 68 km downstream = hrs b) A motorboat travels 40 km downstream in 5 hours and 30 km upstream in 6 hours. Find the speed of the stream (in kmph). Speed of the boat along the stream = S,+S,= __kmph Speed of the boat against the stream = S,-S,= kAmph Solving the two equations, Speed of boat in still water 8, =_ kmph Speed of the stream S, = Amph 10 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE” FACE oOo pp “Se Concept 5: Problems based on Races Sail Problems involving races require a good 2, understanding of the relative speed concept —% 4 and the basic relationship between time, speed __ and distance. There are generally two types of ~_S Bd problems, one involving linear tracks and the ~ a other involving circular tracks. Linear tracks: Questions from this topic typically include one or more of the following scenarios: i. iii. X beats Y by 10 m in a 100 m race ® X covered 100 m in the same time when Y covered 90 m. X beats Y by 10 seconds in a 100 m race X took t seconds to cover a distance that Y took t + 10 seconds to cover. X gives a head start of 10 seconds to Y ®Y starts 10 seconds before X. X gives a head start of 10 meters to Y ®Y is ahead of X by 10 m at the start of the race. The race between X and Y ends in a dead heat ® Dead heat in a race means all the runners reach the finishing line at the same time. Circular Tracks: Races involving circular tracks are different from linear tracks in the way that a race on a circular track can have a number of laps and the participants go around the same track again and again. The following are the different scenarios that appear in these types of problems. CONCEPTS AND DRILLS= i. If two runners start at the same time and from the same point and rum in the same direction, when they meet for the first time, the faster runner would have run one round more than the slower runner. Time taken for the first meeting = Length of the track/ Relative speed of runners. ii. If two runners start at the same time and from the same point, the time taken for them to meet at the starting point for the first time is the LCM of the durations they take to complete one round. The directions in which the runners run is immaterial. iii, When three runners start from the same point at the same time, the time taken for their first meeting is the LCM of the time taken by the fastest runner to get a lead of one complete round over each of the other two. a. In a 100 m race, A covered a distance in 36 seconds and B in 45 seconds, By what distance did A win the race? Ratio of time taken by A and B to complete the race = Ratio of distance covered by A and B = When A covers 100 m, the distance covered by B = m Hence, A beats B by m. b. Ina 100 m race, A can beat B by 25 m and B can beat C by 4 m. In the same race, by how many meters can A beat C2 Ratio of speeds = A: B = Ratio of speeds = B : C= 12 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE+t Ratio of speeds of A: B: C= When A covers 100 m, the distance covered by C = m Hence, A beats C by m. c. Two bicycle riders ride in opposite directions around a circular track, starting at the same time from same point. Cyclist A rides at a speed of 3 kmph and cyclist B rides at a speed of 1 kmph. If the track has a diameter of 4 km, after how much time will the two cyclists meet? Total distance to be covered by the cyclists = km Relative speed of the cyclists = kmph Time taken for them to meet each other = hrs CONCEPTS AND DRILLS 13ANG Googly Questions In the following Q & A, some of the questions have been wrongly answered. Spot those questions that have been wrongly answered and also find the mistake in their answers. In the circle, mark / if answer is correct and X if. it is wrong. Ql: What is the average speed of a person who travels the first 50 km at a speed of 40 kmph and the next 50 km at a speed of 60 kmph? Answer: Average speed = on = 50 kmph XO Q2: What is the average speed of a person who travels the first 5 km at the rate of 40 kmph and the next 10 km at the rate of 60 kmph? 2XY 2 x 40 x 60 Answer: Average Speed = yy > 40 +60 48 C) kmph Q3: Two trains of length 200m each are travelling at speeds 36 kmph and 72 kmph, In how many seconds will they cross each other? Answer: Relative speed =(72 — 36)= 36 kmph = 10 _D _ 400 _ s Time taken = 5S 7-10 = 40 seconds. Q4: The speed of a stream is 3 kmph and a boat can travel with a speed of 12 kmph in still water. Find the time taken by the boat to go 75 km downstream? Answer: Downstream speed = (12+3) kmph =15 kmph 7. Time taken to travel 75 km downstream = ral hours = 5 hours 4 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCEe QS: Ina200 mrace,A gives B a headstart of 25 m and wins by 10 seconds. If A gives B a headstart of 45 m, the race ends in a dead heat. What will be the time taken by A to complete the race? Answer: Time taken by A to run 20 m = 10 s. So to cover OC 200 m, he-will take 100s. The answer is 100 seconds. GooGty Questions2) 4) Concept Review Questions Ram takes 3 hours more than Karthick, who drives his car 5 kmph faster than Ram, to cover a distance of 180 km. What is the speed of Ram? a. 8 kmph b. 10 kmph c. 15 kmph d. 20 kmph Two identical trains A and B running in opposite directions with equal speeds take 2 minutes to cross each other completely. The number of bogies of A is increased from 12 to 16. How much more time would they now require to cross each other? a. 40s b. 50s c. 60s d. 20s x ‘ - raring from my office, I reach the house 20 minutes late if I walk at 3 ‘mph, Instead, if I walk at 4 kmph, I reach the house 15 minutes early. How far is my house from my office? a.4km b. 5km c.7km d.6km Aman can row a boat at a speed of 6 kmph in still water, If it takes him twice as long to row up as to row down the river, the rate of current in the stream would be TIME, SPEED & DISTANGEa. 4 kmph b. 2 kmph c. 3 kmph d. 2.5 kmph 5) Prem and Shyam travel the same distance at the speeds of 10 kmph and 15 kmph respectively. If Prem takes 30 minutes longer than Shyam, then the distance travelled is a. 15 km b.2km c.10km d. 30 km 6) Walking at 4% of his usual speed, Ram gets late by 15 minutes. Find the time he would have taken walking at his usual speed. a. 25 min b. 20 min c, 30 min d. 24 min _/T) ) Ina 200 m race, A gives B a head start of 25 m and wins by 10 s. If A ] gives B a head start of 45 m, the race ends in a dead heat. What will be the time taken by A to complete the race? a. 100s b.77.5s8 c. 86s d. 155s CONCEPT REVIEW QUESTIONS 7a 8) 9) 10) Arjun is standing on an old building and there is a railway track beside on which a train travels at a speed of 72 kmph. When the train passes by the building, Arjun tries to jump inside the train. He somehow manages to enter the train through the last door of the last bogie. After jumping in, he runs towards the other end of the train at a speed of 36 kmph. When he reaches a distance of 300 m from the building, the building exploded. After how many seconds since Arjun’s jump did the building explode? a.30s b. 10s c1Ss d.20s Two stations A and B are 110 km apart ona straight line. One train starts from A at 7 a.m. and travels toward B at a speed of 20 kmph. Another train starts from B at 8 a.m. and travels toward A at a speed of 25 kmph. At what time will they meet? a.9a.m. b. 10 a.m. c. llam. d. None of these A ae . ‘A train which is travelling at a constant speed crosses a lamp post in 9 seconds and it takes 13.5 seconds to cross a platform 99 m long: Find the length of the train. a.99m b. 198 m c. 135m d.12m TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE1) 13) 14) Two boats traveling at 5 kmph and 10 kmph head towards each other. They begin at a distance of 20 km from each other. How far apart are they (in km) one minute before they collide? at 2 bt 6 , it et 4 at 3 Aand B walk around a circular track. They start at 10 a.m, from the same point in the opposite directions. A and B walk at a speed of 2 rounds per hour and 3 rounds per hour respectively. How many times shall they cross each other before 11.30 a.m.? a5 b.6 7 ag Ina 300 m race, Ani beats Bini by 22.5 m or 6 seconds. What is the time taken by Bini to complete the race? a. 86s b. 80s c. 76s d. None of these Filsha travelling at the speed of 100 kmph reaches her destination in 80 minutes, If she travels at the speed of 125 kmph, in how many minutes will she reach her destination? CONGEPT REVIEW QUESTIONS 1915) a. 64 minutes b. 80 minutes c. 60 minutes d. 55 minutes Kanyakumari Express is a daily train from Kashmir to Kanyakumari The train leaves Kashmir at 11 a.m. everyday and reaches Kanyakumari after exactly 10 days at 11 a.m. Kashmir Express is a similar daily train which leaves Kanyakumari at 11 a.m, everyday and reaches Kashmir after exactly 10 days at 11 a.m, Let us say, you are on the train which is leaving Kashmir on 20 April. When you reach Kanyakumari on 30° April, how many Kashmir Express trains would have crossed you from the opposite direction? a.19 b.10 c.9 d. None of the above 20 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE2) a Practice Exercise Rahul can cover a distance of 600 km in 5 hours. If his speed is increased by 30 kmph, how much time will he take to cover a distance of 750 km? a) 6.25 hrs b) 5 hrs c) 6 hrs d) 7.5 hrs A student reaches his school 30 minutes late by walking at 3 kmph. The next day he doubles his speed and reaches on time. Find the distance from his house to his school in km. a) 2.5 b) 3.5 ©)3 dys Bala travelled a certain distance at 15 kmph and returned back at 30 kmph using the same route. Find the average speed of Bala 4) 5) FACE a) 10 kmph b) 5 kmph c) 20 kmph d) 18 kmph Ina circular race along a track of length of 4500 m, A and B start from the same point and at the same time with the speeds of 36 kmph and 54 kmph. After how many seconds will they meet for the first time if they are running in the same direction? a) 900s b) 180s ©) 250s d)50s In a race of 100 m, A beats B by 20 m or 5 seconds. Find the time taken by A to complete the race and the speed of B. a) 4s, 20 m/s b) 20s, 4 m/s c) 20 s, 25 m/s d) 25 s, 20 mis PRACTICE EXERCISE 21FACE | ; “— 6) How long will a train 250 a) 50 min m long travelling at a speed b) 60 min of 72 kmph take to cross a platform of length 150 m? ©) 80 min 2208 d) 72 min b) 10s 10) A man rows 42 km with the ©) 5.558 stream in 7 hours and 60 F km against the stream in 12 d) Data Insuffi t a cien hours. What is the speed of D* Find the length of a train the boat in still water? running at 45 kmph which a) 5.5 kmph can cross a bridge of length b) 9.5 kmph 200 m in 30 seconds. . ©) 2.5 kmph a) 375m 4) 7.5 kmph b) 175 m c) 130m 11) Amar‘on tour travels the first 160 kniat 60 kmph and the d) None of th one ot thee next 160 km at 80 kmph. The 8) Ina 750 m race, the ratio of average speed for the first 320 speeds of Arun to Darani is km of the tour is: 1:3. Arun has a head start of a) 35.55 kmph 250 m, Who wins the race and b) 71.11 kmph by what distance? ©) 71 kmph a) Arun, 200 m. d) 68.5 kmph b) Darani, 250 m. ©) Arun, 250 m. 12) A train 200 m long takes F 5 seconds to cross a man d) Darani, 200 m. aca walking at 6 kmph in a 9) Find the usual time taken direction opposite to that of by Rajeev to complete his the train. Find the speed of the journey if walking at 3/4® train. of his usual speed, he is 20 minutes late. 22 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCEa) 138 kmph b) 180 kmph e) 150 kmph d) None of these 13) Two trains, each 150 m long, moving in opposite directions, cross each other in 6 seconds. If one is moving twice as fast as the other, then the speed of the faster train is: a) 180 kmph b) 120 kmph c) 150 kmph d) 136 kmph LTA runs 25% faster than B and is able to give him a start of 7m to end a race in dead heat. What is the length of the race? a) 10m b) 45m ) 35m d) 25m 15) A man can row upstream at 9 kmph and downstream at 14 kmph. The speed of the stream is: a) 4.2 kmph b) 5 kmph 16) 17) 18) ©) 11.5 kmph d) 2.5 kmph Two men starting from the same place walk at the rate of 6 kmph and 6.5 kmph respectively. What time will they take to be 7.5 km apart, if they walk in the same direction? a) 4 hrs 15 min b) 8 hrs 30 min ©) 15 hrs d) 17 hrs Rahul travels at 20 kmph and reaches the office 4 minutes late. Next time, he goes at 25 kmph and reaches the office 2 minutes earlier than the scheduled time. What is the distance between his office and home? a)5km b) 15km c) 10km d) 20 km Ifa man walks at a speed of 4 kmph from his house, he is late to his office by 12 minutes. If he walks at 6 kmph, he will be early by 8 minutes. What PRACTICE EXERCISE 2319) 20) is the distance from his house to his office? a) 12 km b) 10 km o)4km d)8km If takes 5 hours to sail from a point A to an island and return. The speed of the boat in still water is 16 kmph and speed of the stream is 8 kmph. At what distance from point A is the island located? a) 14km b) 21 km c) 35 km d) 30 km A person in a car moving at a speed of 51 kmph covers a certain distance in 16 hours. How much time does another person travelling by a van at a speed of 68 kmph take to cover the same distance? a) 6 hours b) 12 hours c) 8 hours d) 7 hours 21) 22) 23) e—___|\— The distance Vijayawada and Chennai is 500 km. A train travels from Vijayawada to Chennai at 60 kmph and returns at 40 kmph to What is its average speed for the journey (approximately)? a) 48 kmph b) 64 kmph c) 72 kmph d) 45 kmph between Vijayawada. entire Kamal fires a gun at 10:30 a.m. when Bala starts on his car towards Kamal. Kamal fires it second time after 10 minutes and 30 seconds but Bala hears the second shot ten minutes after hearing the first shot. What was Bala’s speed in kmph, if the speed of sound in air is 330 m/s? a) 19.8 b) 59.4 c) 58.6 d) 111.80 Raj and Vinay travel the same distance at the speeds of 70 kmph and 120 kmph 24 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCEi 24) respectively. If Raj takes 30 minutes longer than Vinay, then the distance travelled is a) 54km b) 84 km ) 96 km d) 102 km Two motorists Anil and Sunil are practising with two different sports cars; Ferrari and McLaren, on the circular racing track for the car racing tournament to be held next month. Both Anil and Sunil start from the same point on the circular track. Anil completes one round of the track in 1 minute and Sunil takes 2 minutes to complete a round. While Anil maintains his speed for all the rounds, Suni! halves his speed after the completion of each round. How many times will Anil and Sunil meet between 6th round and 9th round of Sunil (6" and 9th round is excluded)? Assume that Sunil’s speed steady throughout each round and changes only after..the completion of that remains round. 25) 26) a) 260 b) 347 c) 382 d) None of these Two athletes cover the same distance at the rate of 10 kmph and 15 kmph respectively. Find the distance travelled when one takes 15 minutes longer than the other. a) 750 km b) 7.5 km ©) 7.5m d) 15 km The speed of a bus during the second hour of its journey is twice that in the first hour. Also, its speed during the third hour is two-third the sum of its speeds in the first two hours. Had the bus travelled for three hours at the speed of the first hour, it would have travelled 120 km less. Find the average speed of the bus for the first three hours. a) 60 kmph b) 70 kmph c) 80 kmph d) 100 kmph PRACTICE EXERCISE 25FACE j— 27) A skating champion moves 29) Ifa man cycles at 10 kmph, along the circumference of he arrives at a certain place a circle of radius 28 m in 44 at 1 p.m. If he cycles at 15 seconds. How many seconds kmph, he will arrive at the will it take her to move along same place at 11 a.m. At what the perimeter of a hexagon of speed must he cycle to get side 48 m? there at noon? a) 90 a) 11 kmph b) 84 b) 12 kmph c) 68 c) 13 kmph d) 72 d) 14 kmph 28) Jay started cycling along the 30) If Sita walks at 5 kmph, boundaries of a square field she misses her train by 10 from corner point A. After minutes. If she walks at 7 half an hour he reached the kmpbh, she reaches the station comer point C, diagonally 10 minutes early. How much opposite to A. If his speed distance does she walk to the was 8 kmph, the area of the station? field in km? is a) 5.8km a) 64 b) 35.6 km Dis ©) 10.6 km 9 4) 92 km a4 BOE q6z P8Z Plz P9T qst one qez qt BIZ 907 Pér ost OLT OL Pst FL qer e7r PIL ror 46 48 ak SD seg suoNsand d9199".1g 4105 Koy JOMSUY 26 TIME, SPEED & DISTANGESelf Assessment Test Instructions: Duration: 15 minutes Marking Scheme: o Correct answer: | mark o. Wrong answer: -1/3 mark 1. Aperson travels at a speed of 20 kmph to a certain place and returns at the speed of 30 kmph. What is his average speed? a, 23.5 kmph b. 24 kmph c. 25 kmph d, 28.5 kmph 2. Ina 400 mrace, A gives B a head start of 50 m and wins by 20 seconds and if A gives a head start of 90 m, the race ends in a dead heat. What will be the time taken by A to complete the race? a. 200 s b.77.5s c. 155s d. 86.58 3. Rajesh is practising with his gun and keeps shooting at exact intervals of 34 minutes. Suresh comes in a bus to meet Rajesh and he hears the second shot 33 minutes after he hears the first shot. What is the speed of the bus (in kmph) if sound travels at 330 m/s? SELF ASSESSMENT AND TEST ANALYSIS 7acc a a. 30 b. 33 c. 36 d. 42 If Arun rides his scooter at a speed of 20 kmph, he reaches his office 5 minutes late. If he rides at 30 kmph, he reaches 5 minutes early, Find the distance between his home and office (in km) a. 12 b. 25 ©. 12.5 d.10 P and Q travel together from D to A and break their journey at M in between. Somewhere between D and M, P asks “How far have we travelled?” Q replies, “Half as far as the distance from here to M”, Somewhere between M and A, exactly 300 km from the point where P asked the first question, P asks, “How far have we to go?”. Q replies, “Half as far as the distance from M to here”. The distance between D and A is: a. 250 km b. 450 km c. 350 km d. 500 km A train which is 400 m long passing a bridge of length 550 m at a speed 36 kmph will cross a signal post on the bridge in: a95s b. 55s c. 40s d. 50s 28 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCEee 4 A bus crosses 19 electric poles in 10 seconds. If the distance between any two successive poles is 5 m, then what is the speed of the bus (in kmph)? a. 32.4 b. 33.2 ce. 35,2 d. 34.2 Abdul takes six hours to walk to a certain place and ride back. However, he would have gained two and a half hours, had he ridden both ways How long would he take to walk both ways? a. 8.5 hrs b. 4.25 hrs c. 3.5 hrs d. 6 hrs Mittu travels upstream at the speed of 8 kmph and returns to the same place by rowing downstream at the speed of 14 kmph. What is the speed of the stream? a. 3 kmph b. 11 kmph c. 4 kmph d. 7 kmph Two trains of length 300 m and 200 m travelling opposite to each other at the speed of 36 kmph and 72 kmph. What will be the time taken for the trains to cross each other? a. 50/3 s b. 50s ¢.30s d.10s SELF ASSESSMENT AND TEST ANALYSIS 29Test Analysis a Instructions: Mark your answer options in the column provided for it inthe table given below. Based on the key given below (correct answer), evaluate your test performance by awarding 1 mark for every correct answer, deducting 1/3 of'a mark for every wrong answer and no marks for unattempted questions in the “Score Correct Attempt” column. If your answer matches with the close option given in the second last column, then award 1 /, marks in the last column (Score close attempt). Close attempt is one, in which though the answer is wrong, you have proceeded in solving the question in the right direction but have made a small error by oversight, which could have been avoided, if you had been more careful. The sum of the scores that you get in the score correct attempt is your actual score. The sum of scores in the correct attempt and close attempts is your potential score. This score indicates the marks that could have been obtained had you avoided the errors caused due to oversight. 30 TIME, SPEED & DISTANGE1 Easy B c 2 | Medium] C A 3__| Difficult] : 4 | Easy D B 5 | Difficut| B 6 | Easy c A 7 | Medium| A D 8 | Easy A B 9 | Easy A B 10 Easy A — B Total |) Total Actual Score = Potential Score > a Interpretation of Scores: aE —— 0-4 Poor Performance. You need to start from the basics. Learn the concepts thoroughly and practise solving questions. 47 ‘Average Performance. You can brush up the important concepts and practise solving more questions. a Good Performance. Keep up the good performance in this section going and move on to other topics. Strategy Analysis: In the table, the difficulty level of questions has been mentioned. Check if you are attempting the easier questions before you solve the difficult ones. If you have attempted the difficult ones but have not solved the easy ones, be careful with the selection of questions in the next test! Sur ASSESSMENT AND TEST ANALYSIS 31ef DETAILED ANSWERS: 1. Let the distance travelled be x and time taken be y,, y, Time taken for onward journey y, =x/20 Time taken for return journey y, = x/30 ‘ Average speed = 27% 2030, = 60(2x/5x) = 24 kmph. 2. As per data, (350/B) - (400/A) =20 400/A = 310/B; B= A(310/400) Solving we get A = 2.58 Time taken by A to complete the race = 400/2.58 = 155 5 3. The ratio of speeds of bullet and Rajesh is 33 : 1. Since time taken by 2™ bullet and Rajesh to reach meeting point is 1:33. So speed of Rajesh = 10 m/s = 36 kmph. Detailed Solutions 4. Let X be the distance Arun travels for office. As per data, time x 3p; 3X - 60Y = 5; x = 393 2X-60Y = -5; Solving we get X= 10 km. 5.D X M Y A Let X, Y be the stoppage between D & M, M& A resp. From data DX = 2XM; XY = 300 Km; 2MY = YA. XM +MY = 300; (DX + YA)/2 = XM + MY; DX + YA = 150; Distance between D and A=450 km. 6. As train passes a signal post on bridge, distance travelled = 400 m Speed = 36 kmph. Time, T = (0.4/36) 3600 = 40 s 32 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE7. Distance between successive poles =5m. Distance travelled by bus to cross 19 poles = 18 x 5= 90m. Speed = Distance/Time; Speed = 90/10 = 9 m/s = 32.4 kmph. 8. Abduls time to travel by walk and ride in each up and down resp. = 6 hrs. Abduls time to travel by ride both ways = 2.5 hrs. FACE So time taken to travel to walk both ways = 6 + 2.5 = 8.5 hrs. 9, Let X be rowing speed, Stream speed be Y. X+Y=14;X-Y=8; Solving we get, X= 11, Y=3. 10. As trains travel in opposite direction, total distance = 500m, total speed = 108 kmph. Time(sec) = 0.5/108 x 3600 = 50/3 s. SELF ASSESSMENT AND TEST ANALYSIS 33Distance Time When a person travels two equal distances at two different speeds X and Y then Speed = 2xY Average Speed = —*™_ verage Sp: ay Relative speed When two objects are travelling in opposite directions, relative speed, SR=(S,+S,) When two objects are travelling in the same direction, relative speed, SR=(S, -S,) S, and S, are the respective speeds of two objects. Problems based on boats If the Stream & the Boat are moving in same direction, effective speed S, = S, +S, If the Stream & Boat are moving in opposite directions, effective speed, S,= S,—S, S, is the speed of the boat and S,, the speed of the stream, Problems on races > Dead heat in a race means all runners reach the finish line at the same time. 2 In races involving circular tracks,if two runners start at the same time and from the same point in the same 34 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCEdirection, when they meet for the first time, the faster runner would have a completed one round more than the slower runner. Track length The time taken for the first meeting = -<—-—————_ Relative speed If two runners start at the same time and from the same point, the time taken for them to meet at the starting point for the first time is the LCM of the time taken by each of them to complete one round. When three runners start from the same point at the same time, the time taken for their first meeting is the LCM of the time taken by the fastest runner to get a lead of one complete round over each of the other two. CoNcErTS TO REMEMBER 35Mind Bender Two Trains are 200 km apart, and are travelling towards each other at a speed of 50 kmph each. From one train a mosquito takes off, flies straight above the rails to the other train at the speed of 75 kmph, bounces off it and flies back to the first train. The mosquito continues to do this till the two trains crash into each other and the mosquito is smashed!!! © What is the distance travelled by that mosquito before it gets smashed? 200Km 36 TIME, SPEED & DISTANCE