Solutions

Motion in Two Dimension

Classwork Questions dx = (4 – 2t)dt

x t

Motion in a plane  dx    4  2t  dt
0 0

1. Three kinematical equations of motion depends  x = 4t – t2

upon values of initial velocity and rate of 2s
change of position. Remaining physical  4t  t 2 ....[from (i)]
5
quantities such as final velocity, acceleration
can be derived using these two. This equation represents a parabola. Hence,
graph (C) is correct.
2. Speed being a scalar quantity depends on total
distance travelled. dx
total distance travelled
6. = ky
 speed, v0 = dt
time taken dy
= kx
 total distance travelled = (speed)  time taken dt
 speed is constant, the system will traverse equal dy x
 
dx y
path length in equal interval.
 ydy = xdx
3. x = 5t  2t2 y = 10t
 ydy – xdx = 0
dx dy
= 5  4t = 10   ydy   xdx =0
dt dt
vx = 5  4t vy = 10  y2 – x2 = constant
dvx dv y  y2 = x2 + constant
= 4 =0
dt dt Relative velocity in two dimensions
ax = 4 m/s2 ay = 0 m/s2
Acceleration of particle is given by 1. v BA = v2A  vB2  2vA vB cos 60
a = ax + ay
=4+0 = 102  202  2  10  20  cos 60
a =  4 m/s2 in x direction = 10 3 m/s
4. Given: Initial horizontal velocity ux = 10 m/s, 2.

Final horizontal velocity vx = 10 m/s,
W
vA A
Initial vertical velocity uy = 0 m/s, E
Using the kinematical equation, 100 2
45 
v 2y = u 2y  2gs = 0 + 2 × (10) × (100 – 60) C vB
= 20 × 40 = 800 100 km
100
∴ vy = 20 2 m/s 2
The net velocity is given as, B
 
2
v= v v =
2
x
2
y (10)  20 2
2 S
Velocity of ship A and ship B are:
= 100  800 = 900  

∴ v = 30 m/s vA = 10 km/h vA
 

5. s = x y =
2 2
x 
2 x2 vB = 10 km/h v AB  vB
4 Velocity of A w.r.t B is
5   
= x ....(i) v AB = vA  vB
4

dx v AB  (10) 2  (10) 2 = 200
= (4 – 2t)
dt
1
 

JEE (Main): Physics



v AB  10 2 km/h directed along AC Projectile motion

100 1. At the highest point of the path, potential energy is

Displacement, AC = km
2 maximum, so the kinetic energy will be minimum.
100
2. Horizontal components for observer A and B
 Time, t = AC  2 will vary. Hence, they will have different

v AB 10 2
horizontal ranges.
 t=5h 3. Air drag being dissipative force would reduce
3. Taking position of ship ‘A’ as origin horizontal as well as vertical components of
velocity. Also, during evening land breeze flows
B from land to shore, which would oppose motion
of football from shore to ground.
Thus, vertical and horizontal components of
150 km velocity would reduce but through unequal
magnitudes.
r
A 30 m/s 4. If (K.E.)i is initial kinetic energy and (K.E.)H is
the kinetic energy at height H, then
80 km (K.E.)H = (K.E.)i – mgH ....(i)
 Equation (i) implies that the K.E. of object
Velocity of ship A, vA = (30 î + 50 ĵ ) km/hr
 varies linearly with height H.
Velocity of ship B, vB = (– 10 î ) km/hr Also, since at highest point the velocity of
 projectile is non-zero i.e., ucos, therefore
rA = (0 î + 0 ĵ )
 (K.E.)H will not be zero.
rB = (80 î + 150 ĵ ) km
5. Horizontal component of velocity remains
Time after which distance between them will be
minimum, constant throughout the motion of projectile.
  But, the vertical component becomes zero at the
rBA  v BA
t=  2 highest point of trajectory.
v BA
mu

Now, rBA = (80 î + 150 ĵ ) km  change in momentum = mu sin 30 – 0 =
2

v BA = – 10 î – (30 î + 50 ĵ ) 6.
= (– 40 î – 50 ĵ ) km/hr

 t=
 
– 80 ˆi + 150 ˆj – 40 ˆi – 50 ˆj  4jˆ
2
– 40 ˆi – 50 ˆj
B
3200 + 7500 10700 A
 t= hr = hr = 2.6 hrs î
4100 4100 Horizontal (X) component remains the same
4. Let u be the velocity of swimmer and v be the while the vertical (Y) component changes.
velocity of river flow. Then  
Therefore, velocity at B = ˆi  4jˆ m/s.
2 600
t= ....(i) 7. Using Time Saver – 1(ii),
u 2  v2
3 u 2 0.866 u 2
600 600 2u  600 
RA = =
and t =   2 2 ....(ii) 2g g
uv uv u v u2
If T is the time taken by swimmer to swim a RB =
g
1200
distance 1200 m in still water, then T = 3 u2 u2
u RC = = 0.866
2g g
2  u  600 1200 1200 
2

t  T =   2 2  RA = RC < RB
u 2  v2 u u v
t  T = t2 ....[Using (i)] u 2 sin2
8. Range, R =
t2 g
 T=
t  R  sin 2
2
 

Motion in Two Dimension

R 2 sin 2  2 y 12. The horizontal range is same for two angles of

 =
R1 sin 2 1 projection  and (90 – )
 sin90  u2 sin2 
 R2 =   50 u For , h1 = and
 sin30  2g
 1   u2 sin2 (90  ) u2 cos2 
 R2 =   50 x For (90  ), h2 = =
1/ 2  R 2g 2g
 R2 = 100 m u4
h1h2 = sin2 cos2 
9. Instantaneous velocity of rising mass after t 4g2
2 2
seconds, will be vt = v 2x  v 2y 1  2u2 sin cos   1  u 2 sin 2 
=   =
where vx = v cos = Horizontal component of 16  g  16  g 
velocity
R2
vy = v sin  gt = Vertical component of velocity h1h2 =
16
 vt = (vcos )2  (vsin   gt) 2
 R=4 h 1h 2
 vt = v 2  g 2 t 2  (2vsin )gt
13. Let u be the initial speed with which the body is
10. Given thrown along the inclined plane. The effective
 
u = i+2 j .…(i) deceleration is given by,
g
Now, a = g sin = g sin30 = = 5 ms2
  2
u = ux i+uy j The body stops after covering a distance, say,
But ‘s’ along the plane, which is given by
ux = u cos .…(ii) –2as = 0 – u2
uy = u sin ….(iii)  u = 2as = 2 5 30 = 10 3 ms1
comparing equations (i) and (ii) we get,
A projectile projected at an angle  = 15 with
u cos = 1 .…(iv)
this speed will have a range of
comparing equations (i) and (iii) we get,
 
2
u sin = 2 ….(v) u2 sin2 10 3  sin30
dividing equation (v) by equation (iv), R= = = 15 m
g 10
tan  = 2 ....(vi)
Equation of projectile is given by, 14. v2 = u2 + 2as
gx 2  v2 = u2 + 2 g sin  x
y = x tan  sin . x = constant ….( v = 0)
2u 2cos2θ
2
(10)x 1
 y = (2)x  ….(using equations (iv) and  x
2(1)2 sin 
(vi) and g = 10 m/s2) 
x1
=
sin 2
= 1/ 2 = 1 : 3
2
 y = 2x  5x x2 sin 1 3/2

11. given R = 2 H 15. Using Time Saver-1(ii)

v2sin2θ v 2sin2 θ 5
 =2 2  = 60, u1 = 6 m/s
g 2g  3  62
 2
2sin cos = sin  R1 = = 3.12 m ….(i)
1 210
tan = 2
For  = 60, u2 = 5.5 m/s
2 1
 sin = and cos = 3  5.52
5 5 R2 = = 2.61 m ….(ii)
v  sin2θ
2
2sinθcosθ
2  10
R= = v2  From equation (i) and (ii)
g g
2 2 1 Difference in Range = R1 – R2
= v2    = 3.12 – 2.61
g 5 5
2
= 0.51 m
4v
R=  Spring should be adjusted 0.51 m inwards. Error
5g is due to over extension of spring.
3
 

JEE (Main): Physics

16. Using Smart tip - 2, distance travelled by the 2nd body in 1 s is,
A 1 2
= Range y2 = (u sin)t  gt
B 2
Using Time Saver – 1 (ii), 1
= (20) (sin 30) (1)  (10)(1)2
For  = 45, 2
u 2 30 2 90
 y2 = 5 m ….(ii)
R=    after 1 s both bodies are at a distance of 5 m
g 10 1 from the horizontal.
17. Given  distance between the two bodies after 1s of
t1 = 2t2 projection is
v1 v sinθ x = (u2 cos)t = (20  cos 30) (1)
….  a = , t = 
v v
 =2 2 3
g g  t a = 20  = 10 3 m
2
 v1 = 2v2sin ....(i)
v 2sin2θ 1 2
h= 19. h1 = (u sin)t1  gt1 ….(i)
2g 2
v1 2 sin 2 (90) 1 2
 h1 = h2 = (u sin)t2  gt 2 ….(ii)
2g 2
 1 2
v2  h1  gt1  t
h1 = 1 ....(ii)   2 
 1
2g  1 2  t2
 h 2  gt 2 
v2 2sin 2  2 
h2 = ….(iii) g
2g  h1t2  h2t1 =  t 1 t 22  t 12 t 2  ….(iii)
Dividing equation (ii) by equation (iii), 2
2u sin 
h1 v2 2g  T=
= 1  2 2 g
h2 2g v 2 sin 
 1 
v2 h  gt 2
2 1 2 1 
= 21 2 =   ….[From (i)]
v2 sin  g t1 
 
(2 v2sinθ)2
= ….from (i) h1  t1t 2  t1 t 2  2 2
v22sin 2θ 2  h t2 
=  1  1  =    t1
4 v 22sin 2θ t1  g 2  t1  h1t 2  h2t1 
=
v 22sin 2θ ….[From (iii)]
h1 4 h t h t
2
1 2
2
2 1
= =
h2 1 h1t 2  h2t1

18. 20. H = 50 cm
y
1
Maximum height 
g


As, retardation a is 12% of g
u1 u2
and both g and a are acting downward,
y1 = 5 m 12
 g = g + g = g + 0.12 g
30 100
x
Given g = 1.12 g
x = (u2cos)t
u1 = 10 m/s h g
 =
u2 = 20 m/s h 1.12 g
g = 10 m/s2 50
 h =
 1.1 2
2 = = 30; 1 = 90
6 h = 44.64
t1 = t2 = t = 1s  h  h = 50  44.64 = 5.36 cm
 distance travelled by the 1st body in 1 s is 21. m = 20 kg
1 2 1
y1 = u1t + gt = (10)(1)  (10)(1)2 
h

= 4i  2 j =


2 2 42  22
 y1 = 5 m ….(i) h = 4.47 m

4
 

Motion in Two Dimension

 u1 sin  2  u 2 2sin  cos 

2

h1 = t1t2 =
2g g2

 u sin  
2
2u2 sin2
h2 = 2 t1t2 =
2g g2
h1 u2 2  u 2 sin 2 
 = 12 t1t2 =  
h2 u2 g  g 
u2 = 2u1 ....(given) 2  u 2 sin 2 
2 t1t2 = R ....  R  
4.47 u1 g  g 
 = 2
h2 4u1 t1 = 200s
4.47 1 R = 2.2 km
= 2
h2 4  200  t2 =  2.2  103
9.8
h2 = 4.47  4
h2 = 17.88 m t2 = 2.24 s
gx 2 u
22. y = x tan   25.  v 2x  v 2y
2u cos 2 
2 2
10
For equal trajectories for same angle of projection, u2 3
 u 2 cos2   v2y 
g 4
= constant 1
u2
u2 u2 2 1
9.8 g   vy ....( cos = )
  4 10 10
62 1.82
9.8  3.24 u2 u2 6u 2 3u 2
 g = = 0.88 m/s2 v2y   = =
36 4 10 40 20
v 2y  u 2y  2a ys y
23. Maximum height attained by projectile is;
u 2sin 2θ 3u 2
H=  u 2 sin 2   2gsy
2g 20
 H  u2 9u 2 3u 2
 3
δH 2δu sy = 10 20 ....( sin = )
= 2g 10
H u
1 2δu δu 1 15u 2 3u 2
=  = ….(i) = =
10 u u 20 40g 8g
Time of flight is given by, 26.
2usinθ 25 m/s 25 m/s
T=
g
 Tu y
x1 x2
δT δu
=
T u 200 m
δT 1
= ….from(i)
T 20
% increase in time of flight is;
δT 1 100 m
100 =  100
T 20 Let the bullets collide at time t
δT The horizontal displacement x1 and x2 is given
 100 = 5%
T by the equation
2u sin  x1 = ut and x2 = ut
24. t1 = ....(i)  x1 + x2 = 100
g
2u sin(90 )  25t + 25t = 100
t2 = ....(ii)  t = 2s
g
Vertical displacement ‘y’ is given by
Multiplying equation (i) and (ii), 1 1
4u 2 sin  cos  y= gt2 =  10  22 = 20m
t1t2 = 2 2
g2  h = 200  20 = 180m
5
 

JEE (Main): Physics

Uniform Circular Motion (UCM) 9. Using Learning Pointers no. 5


Change in velocity | v |
2. Refer Learning Pointers no.6
= 2v sin(/2)
 
3.

R = 4sin(2t) i + 4 cos 2t j = 2(r)sin(90/2) ….( seconds hand rotates


through 90° in 15 s.)
 dR 
v= = 8cos2t i – 8sin2t j 2 1
dt =21 
T 2
Using Smart tip - 1,
 4
v= v2x  v2y = ….( T = 60 s)
60 2
= (8  c os 2  t ) 2  (  8  sin 2  t ) 2 
= cm/s
= 8 m/s 15 2

1 10.
4. Given: angular frequency n 
r
1
 
r
 r = constant = v
This suggest velocity remains constant for
different values of radius. Given:
2π
Angular acceleration  = 2 rad s2
5. hour =  Angular speed  = t = (2) (2) = 4 rad/s
Thour
ac = r2 = 0.5  16 = 8 m/s2
2π 180  c 180°  at = r = 1 m/s2
= × .... 1  
12 × 60 × 60 π  π  Using Smart tip - 5,
1 Resultant acceleration is given by,
hour = degree / s 2
120 a= ac2  a 2t = 8 2  12  8 m/s
6. Force, F = m2r
11. Given,
32
 2 = = 16 at = 3 m/s2
4  0.5 v = u + att = 2 + (3) (4) = 14 m/s
  = 4 rad/s v2 196
 Frequency of revolution per minute ac =  = 7 m/s2
r 28
 4 7 Using Smart tip - 5,
n=  60 =  60  38 rev / min
2 2  22
Resultant acceleration, a = ac2  a2t
7. Given that, both stones experience same  a= 7 2  32 = 58 m/s2
centripetal forces,
(Fc)2m = (Fc)m 12.
2mv2 m(nv)2 v
 =  n2 = 4  n = 2 T m
(r / 2) r l
8. Given: v = 30 m/s
r = 500 m Here, tension provides required centripetal force.
 centripetal acceleration is given by mv 2
 =T
v2 (30)2 9 l
ac = = =
r 500 5 13. The centripetal force acting on the particle is
ac = 1.8 m/s2 provided by the central force,
 the speed is constant, mv 2 1
 =K n
 tangential acceleration at = 0 R R
 there is only one acceleration having magnitude R 1
 v2 = K  =K
1.8 m/s2 m R n 1
n
mR

6
 

Motion in Two Dimension

1  K Also we have,
 v = K  ....  K   mg = T cos ….(ii)
 n 1
 m 
R 2
Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii) we get,
The time period of rotation is, mv2  1  T sin 
2 R  =
T= r  mg  T cos 
v
n 1  v2 = rg tan
2R  R 2
 v = rg tan  ….(iii)
=
K From figure,
n 1
2 tan =
r
= R 2
K h
n 1 r
 TR 2  tan = (L2 = r2 + h2) ….(iv)
L r
2 2

Substituting equation (iv) in equation (iii) we

mv 2
14. F= get,
R
r
m2 =
1
m1 v= rg
2 L2  r 2
R2 = 3R1 + R1 g
 v= r
R2 = 4R1 L2  r 2
v2 = v1 + 2.5
m1v12 Motion in a vertical circle
F1 R1
= 2. Using Smart tip - 9 (ii),
F2 m 2 v 22
Acceleration when string becomes horizontal,
R2
a = 3g
m1v12
3. Using Smart tip - 9 (iv)
F1 R1
= 5
F2 0.5m1  v22 (K.E)L = mgr ….(i)
2
4R1
1
F1 v 4 2 (K.E)H = mgr ….(ii)
= 1 2 2
F2 0.5v2  Divide equation (ii) by equation (i)
2
F2 0.5v2 1 
= 2 (K.E) H  mgr 
F1 v1 4  =  2  = 1 = 0.2
(K.E) L 5  5
F2 0.5(2.5  v1 )
2
 mgr 
=  2 
F1 v12  4
4. Using Learning Pointers no. 9
F2  v1 2.5
2

= When body is released from the position

F1 8v12 inclined at angle  from vertical, then velocity at
mean position,
15.
Tcos
v = rg (3  cos)

T mv 2
   Tension at the lowest point = mg +
l
h L Tsin m m
= mg + [rg(3 + cos 30)]
l
= mg + mg(2– 3 ) = (3– 3 )mg
mg
O m 6.
r a sin
a cos

The centripetal force required for circular a
motion is given by O
mv 2
= T sin ….(i)
r

7
 

JEE (Main): Physics

In given figure, 1
   = K2 S
Total acceleration a  at  ar 2 S
K2
 ar = a cos at = ….(iii)
2
v2
also, ar = from figure,
r
a  v2  2
v2 tan = c =   2 ….[From (ii) and (iii)]
 a cos  = at  R  K
r
2 K 2S
v2  tan =
 15  cos (30) = R K2
2.5
2S
 2
v = 32.5  tan =
R
v = 5.7 m/s
2. Final velocity of packet
7. Using Smart tip - 9 (vi), 2
v 2P = u + 2as = 2  10  30
mv12
Maximum tension, Tmax = + mg and  vP = 24.5 m/s.
r Now, packet would fall with velocity
mv 22 vR = vP  vB, from rider’s prespective, where vb
Minimum tension, Tmin =  mg
r is velocity of rider.
 Using the law of conservation of energy, Due to relative motion, for rider packet would
1 1 appear to fall inclined to vertical through angle .
mv12 = mv 22 + 2mgr  vB  1  8  1  1 
2 2  = tan1   = tan    tan  
i.e., v12 = v 22 + 4rg  vP   24.5  3
 1 
As tan1   < tan1 
1
 v12   = 30
Tmax   g 3
  3  
r v2  rg
 =  2  = 12  < 30: Hence, option (C) is correct.
Tmin  v2  v2  rg
  g 3. m = 10 g = 0.01 kg
 r 
r = 6.4 cm = 6.4  10–2 m,
v22  5rg 3
= = ....( v12 = v22 + 4rg) K.E. of particle = 1 mv 2
v22  rg 1 2
 v + 5rg = 3 v – 3rg
2 2 1 2 –4
2 2
 mv = 8  10 J
2
 2 v 22 = 8rg = 8  2.5  10
16 104
 v 22 = 100  v2 = 10 m/s  v2 = = 16  10–2
0.01
Miscellaneous v2 = u2 + 2ats
 v2 = 2ats ….( u = 0)
1.   s = 2(2r)
aT at  v2 = 2at4r

v2 16  102
R  at = = = 0.1 m/s2
 8 r 8  3.14  6.4 102
ac
4. N cos  = mg and N sin  = m2 R
R
2

 tan  =
g
Velocity of object is given as
v= K S ….(i)  tan  
 =  g
Centripetal acceleration of the object is,  R 
v2 R
ac = ….(ii) But tan  =
R 2 102
Tangential acceleration is given by,
tan  1
dv dv dS dv So, =
at = = =v R 2 102
dt dS dt dS
9.8
= K S
d
dS

K S  ….[from (i)]  =
2 10
2
= 7 10 rad/s

8
 

Motion in Two Dimension

5. Speed of the body after just reaching at the 8. Let m be the mass of particle
bottom is v = 2gh ….(i) v = speed of the particle at point Q
It just completes a vertical circle using this velocity. K.E. at Q = 1 mv 2
To complete vertical circle, speed required at 2
point A is, 1
K.E. at X = mv02 cos 2 
D 2
v = 5g ….(ii) Here v > v0 (because at R particle gains some
2
potential energy)
From equations (i) and (ii),
 K.E. at Q > K.E. at X
D As there is no external force on the system, its
 2gh = 5g
2 total energy is conserved.
 h= D
5 Time of travel from P to Q  time of travel from
4 Q to X.
6. At lowest point L, height at X  height at P.
1 9. Magnetic force being strong force would dominate
mgh = mv 2L .…(i) and keep motion of bearing in contact with inner
2
wall. At point Q, the bearing would move under
At highest point H,
centripetal acceleration and moving tangentially,
1 would touch outer wall ahead of Q.
mg(h  2r) = m v 2H .…(ii)
2 10. For the two trains moving in an equatorial plane,
To complete the circular path, centrifugal force let us assume the first train moves from west to east
acting upward at H should be greater than or whereas the second train moves from east to west.
equal to mg. The rotation of the earth is from west to east. Thus,
mv 2H the first train moving along the rotation of the earth
  mg
r experience less centrifugal force and the second
or vH2  rg ….(iii) train moving in opposite direction experience more
But vH2 = 2g (h  2r) ….[From (ii)] centrifugal force. Hence, they have different
 2g (h  2r)  rg ….[From (iii)] normal reactions. The assertion is false.
 2h  4r  r The centripetal force will depend directly on the
relative angular velocity. The reason is false.
 2h  5r
 h  (5/2)r
 hmin = (5/2)r Homework Questions
7. Q2
4  0 R 2
Motion in a plane
 
vH  (x  x ) i  (y2  y1 ) j
Mg 1. vav = 2 1
t 2  t1
Q  
(13  3) i  (14  4) j
=
60
vL  
Q 10 i  10 j 10  
At highest point, T = 0
=
6
= (i  j) =
6
5 ˆ ˆ
3
i j  
Q2 mv 2H
 Mg – = Relative velocity in two dimensions
4  0 R 2 R
Q2 1. Relative velocity = 5 2 , t = 20 s
But Mg = .... (Given)
4  0 R 2 5 2 1
 acceleration = =
 vH = 0 20 2 2
According to law of conservation of energy, Acceleration acts in NW direction
 P.E. =  K.E.
W N
1 1
mg (2R) = mv 2L  mv 2H
2 2
5 m/s
1 2 45
= mvL ....(  vH = 0)
2
E
 vL = 2 gR 5 m/s

9
 

JEE (Main): Physics

2. N 2. If air resistance is taken into account, then
 
–v1 v1 object thrown upwards has less time of ascent

W E than descent.
 3. Using Smart tip – 4(ii),
v 
v2 S If 1 = 51, then 2 should be (90–1)
Using Learning Pointers no.5 i.e., (90–51) = 39
Magnitude of change in velocity,


4. The two objects would collide at the highest
|  v | = 2v sin   point if they cover the same vertical height in
2
 
same time.

 90  14
 | v | = 2  7  sin  = m/s u12 sin2 30 u22
 2  2  
2g 2g
Direction is south-west as shown in figure.
u2
3. 
 = sin30 = 0.5
u1
vm  2.4m / s 
 5. Using Time Saver – 1(i),

vR For  = 30 and  = 45,

v r  4.1m / s  u12 u2
= 2 ….(H1 = H2)
Inclination of pipe with respect to vertical is, 8g 4g
vm u1 2
tan  =  =
vr u2 1

 = tan–1 
2.4 
  6. Using Time Saver – 1(i),
 4.1 
 1 
For  = 30
 tan–1   = (/6)
c
u2 60 2
 3 H = 8 g = 8 g = 45 m.
4. From the addition of two vectors, we know that
Given; H = 45 m. This means, magnitude of
C2 = A2 + B2 + 2AB cos
velocity is to be calculated at highest point. At
From this expression it is clear that,
the highest point, vertical component of velocity
C2  A2 + B2 when   90 is momentarily zero.
i.e., when   90, the man can cross the river  uins = ux = u cos = 60  cos 30
with shortest time.
 52 m/s.
North
B C 7.
Y
 
vB vR


 u
W O v
 E
A
A H
From diagram it is clear that man should swim 
in north-west direction. X
R/2
Projectile motion Average velocity =
displacement
time
1. Equation of trajectory: H2  R / 2
2

For oblique projectile motion, vavg = ....(i)

T / 2
1 gx2
y = x tan  u2 sin 2  u 2 sin 2
2 u cos 
2 2
But, H = ;R=
for horizontal projectile motion, 2g g
gx 2 2u sin 
y= 1 2 and T =
g
2 u
Both equations give parabolic path, but equation substituting these values in equation (i) we get,
of trajectory for horizontal projectile motion is u
vavg = 1  3cos2 
independent of angle of projection. 2

10
 

Motion in Two Dimension

8. y Y
u = 24 m/s v = 24 m/s
u sin

54 y
0 x 60
u cos 36 m A X
ux = u cos The vertical height y is given by
= 24 cos54 = 24  0.6 ....(given) 1 1
= 14.4 m/s y = vyt  gt2 = 12 3  3   9.8  9 = 18.25 m
2 2
uy = u sin  gt
= 24 sin 54  (9.8  4) 13. Using Time Saver – 1(ii),
= 19.78 m/s For  = 30,
= 19.78 m/s in magnitude 3 u12
= 3  6 = 3.12 m
2
R1 =
u y – u x = 19.78 14.4 2g 2  10
When motor works for 40 minutes, velocity will
= 5.38 m/s
increase by 2 m/s of the initial
9. x = 40t i.e., u2 = 6 + 2 = 8 m/s
Using Time Saver – 1(ii),
 vx = dx = 40 m/s
dt For  = 30,
y = 48t  4.9t2 3 u 22
= 3  8 = 5.54 m
2

dy R2 =
2g 2  10
 vy = = 48  9.8t
dt  R2 – R1 = 5.54 – 3.12 = 2.42 m
At t = 0, vx = 40 ms1 and vy = 48 m/s R
So, angle of projection, 14. = 4 cot
H
 vy  6 R1 = 120 m
 = tan1   = tan1   H1 = 220 m
 vx  5
H1 = 220 +   220 = 223.3 m
1.5 1.5
1 
6  H2 = H1 +
  = sin   100 100 
 61  R
As  is same, = constant
10. Horizontal displacement of the bomb H
AB = Horizontal velocity × time available R1 R
 = 2
H1 H2
2h
 AB = u  120
=
R2
g
220 223.3
5 2 1960 R2 = 121.8 m
= 300  
18 9.8 15. given u = 40 m/s
= 1.67 km H = 20 m
g = 10 m/s2
2u sin  2×40×1 Now
11. Total time of flight = = =4s
g 2×10 u 2sin 2θ
H=
Time to cross the wall = 2 s (given) 2g
Time in air after crossing the wall = (4 – 2) = 2 s (40) 2 sin 2θ
 Distance travelled beyond the wall = (u cos)t  20 =
2(10)
3 1
= 40   2 = 69.3 m
2  sin2 =
4
12. Horizontal component of velocity, 1
 sin =
vx = 24 cos 60 = 12 m/s 2
Vertical component of velocity,   = 30
vy = 24 sin 60 = 12 3 m/s Now
Time to cover 36 m distance, 3  202
R= ….[( Using Time Saver – 1(ii)]
36 2  10
t= =3s
12 R = 80 3 m
11
 

JEE (Main): Physics

16. Fo first hit, for maximum range,  = 45 20. H1 = 100 cm = 100  102 m = 1 m
2 u1 1 = 30
T1 = ….[ Using Time Saver –1(iii)] Using Time Saver –1(i),
g
2  10 u12
u1 = H1 =
2 8g
u1 = 14.14 m/s  u1 = 1  8  9.8 = 8.85 m/s
For second hit, for maximum range,  = 45 Time of fight for ball in first case,
2 u2 u 8.85
T2 = ….[ Using Time Saver –1(iii)] T= = = 0.9 s
g g 9.8
1.8  10 Using Time Saver –1(i),
u2 =
2 3u 22
H2 =
u2 = 12.73 m/s 8g
u1 – u2 = 14.14 – 12.73 = 1.41 m/s 90  102  8  9.8
 u 22 =
17. For a ball thrown upwards, 3
Time taken to reach highest  u2 = 4.85
u u
point is t1 = 3u 3  4.85
g T2 = = = 0.85
g 9.8
v = u + at
 T1 – T2 = 0.9 – 0.85 = 0.05 s
For the ball reaching the H
ground, 21.
v = u 2  2gH
v = 360 m/s B
 u 2  2gH = u + gt u 2  2gH

u  u 2  2gH
 t= 1000 m
g 
given, t = nt1
Substituting values of t and t1 we get, 3000 m
u  u2  2gH nu
= Horizontal motion
g g
 2gH = n(n – 2)u 2 v = 360 cos
s = 3000 m
18. Using Smart tip – 3(iii),
t=ts
R max
Hmax = s
4 v=
t
 H1 = 20 = 5 m 3000
4 360 cos =
t
 v0 sin 0  15sin30
2 2

H2 = = = 2.87 m 3000
2g 29.8 t= ….(i)
360cos
Difference in heights attained,
Vertical motion
H1  H2 = 5 – 2.87 = 2.13 m
u = 360 sin 
     s = 1000 m
19. 1 = , 2 =    
6 2 6 3 a = 9.8 m/s2
For first body, maximum height, t = t sec
u2 1
H1 = ….[ Using Time Saver –1(i)] s = ut + at2
8g 2
For the second body, maximum height, 1
3u 2
1000 = (360 sin) t + (9.8) t2 ….(ii)
H2 = ….[ Using Time Saver –1(i)] 2
8g Substituting value of t in equation number (ii),
 From equations (i) and (ii), we get
2
H2 3000  3000 
=3 1000 = 360 sin   4.90  
H1 360cos  360cos  
 H2 = 3H1 = 3  24 = 72 m 1000 = 3000 tan  341 (1 + tan2)
12
 

Motion in Two Dimension

341 tan2  3000 tan + 1341 = 0 

3.  is an axial vector which represents that circular
tan = 8.325 or tan = 0.4724 motion takes place in a plane perpendicular to it.
 = 83.54 or 
 = 25.28 Reversing sign of  would bring about change
22. in the sense of rotation of the particle.

As  is constant and not variable with respect
to time, motion still remains uniform circular.
4. At diametrically opposite points, velocities of
the object are exactly opposite in direction.
v = 15 m/s Hence, momentum changes by 2mv but kinetic
hmax
energy remains same.
60 5. Centripetal acceleration causes change in
direction of velocity without changing its speed.
2m
Hence, as bike enters circular loop, centripetal
10 m acceleration of the bike has non-zero value.
But if tangential acceleration is present, it would
Horizontal motion: cause change in value of angular velocity
v = 15 cos m/s = 15 cos 60 = 7.5 m/s causing change in linear speed and thus, leading
s = 10 m and t = t s to change in kinetic energy.
s To possess same kinetic energy throughout the
Now, v =
t journey, tangential acceleration must be zero.
10 6. Change in velocity,
7.5 =
t v = 6  (6) = 12 m/s
 t = 1.33 s Time taken,
Vertical motion: r  4 2
t =  
u = 15 sin = 15 sin 60 = 13 m/s v 6 3
s = y, a = 9.8 m/s2 and t = t s  Average acceleration
1 v 2  3 18
s = ut + at2 =   m/s2
2 t 2 
1
 y = 13  1.33 +  (9.8)  (1.33)2 7. Given
2
x = a(cos  + sin) ….(i)
y = 8.622 m
y = a(sin  cos) ….(ii)
Hmax = y + 2 = 8.622 + 2 = 10.622 m
d
= ….(iii)
23. Let y be the height at which car is moving above dt
the ground, dx d dx d
For horizontal projectile, u
 vx = = =  [a(cos    sin )]
d dt d d
2h vx =  a cos ….(iv)
R=u
g dy d dy d
5000 m vy = = =  [a(sin    cos )]
g d dt d d
 u=R
2h vy =  a sin ….(v)

10  v = v ˆi  v ˆj
= 2000  x y
2  5000 2000 m Using Smart tip – 1,
= 63.24 m/s  v= v2x  v2y = a cos2   sin 2 
Uniform Circular Motion (UCM)  v = a

1. A body while uniformly moving on a circular

Thinking Hatke - Q.7
path must have centripetal acceleration.
Amongst the given options, the
2. In uniform circular motion, tangential dimensions of a matches with the dimensions
acceleration remains zero but magnitude of of velocity. Hence, option (D) is correct.
radial acceleration remains constant.
13
 

JEE (Main): Physics

Motion in a vertical circle  v2 = u2  2gR = 5gR  2gR = 3gR

Tangential acceleration at bottom is
1. Tension in the string at horizontal position is, at = g (downwards)
0.5 12 
2
mv 2 Centripetal acceleration at bottom is
T= = = 90 N
r  0.8 v2
ac = = 3g
2. Tmax = mω 2max r + mg
R
Using Smart tip – 5,
T m ax Total acceleration will be
 =  2max r + g
m
20 a= a c2 + a 2t = g 10 m/s2
  10 =  2max r
0.4
2. y
40 40
 max = = = 2 2 rad/s
r 5
v
3. mg = 2  9.8 = 19.6 = 19.6 N
mv 2 2  25 
 = = 50 N x
r 1
At the given position,
Initial velocity of particle in vector form can be
mv 2
T= + mg cos  written as,
r  

 69.6 = 50 + 19.6 cos  vp = v cos i + v sin j .…(i)
 cos  = 1 Velocity of particle at any time t will be,
  = 0 
 
This implies the stone is at the bottom. vQ = v cos i + (v sin  gt) j .…(ii)
4. At highest point,  

mv 2 Given that, vP  vQ
= TH + mg .…(i) 
r 

At lowest point,  vP . vQ = 0
mv 2
= TL – mg .…(ii) or v2 cos2  + v2 sin2  v singt = 0
r v
or v2 = v sin gt or t = cosec
Tmax T g
= L =3
Tmin TH Substituting this value of t in equation (ii) we get,
 TL = 3 T H .…(iii) 
 v 
From equations (i) and (ii), vQ = vcos i + (vsin  )j
sin
TH + mg = TL – mg .…(iv) 
From equations (iii) and (iv), v2
or | vQ | = v2 cos2  v2 sin 2   2v 2 = v cot
TH + mg = 3TH – mg sin 2 
 TH = mg .…(v) 3. Given, k = s
From equations (i) and (v), 1
mv 2  mv2 = s
= mg + mg = 2 mg 2
r
2 s
v2  v= ....(i)
 =2 m
rg
Now,
Miscellaneous v2 2s
ac =  ....(ii)
R mR
1.
Also,
dv dv ds
at = 
R dt ds dt
1m
dv d  2s 
u = v = v  
ds ds  m 
 2s  2  d 2  1 
Vertical velocity at bottom, =    s = s 
 m 2 s
u2 = 5gR  m  m  ds

14
 

Motion in Two Dimension


 at = ....(iii)  20 = u 2
5
m 10
Using Smart tip – 5,
 u = 20 m/s
2 2
2s    
a= a c2  a 2t =     3.

Given AB = Velocity of boat = 4 km/h
 mR   m  
AC = Resultant velocity of boat = 5 km/h
 4s 2 
=  1 =  4s 2  R 2 BC = Velocity of river
B C
m R2 mR = AC 2  AB 2
v2
4. Centripetal acceleration is given by, ac = = (5)2  (4)2
r
= 3 km/h A
when,
r1 = 4 m distance  45 
4. v= =  m/s
v12 time  60  2 
a c1 =
r1 d 0.5
r = = = 0.25 m
v2 2 2
 4= 1
4 Now, v = r
v1 = 4  4 v
 =
v1 = 4 m/s r
Now, v
 2n =
r2 = r1 + 2 = 4 + 2 = 5.41 m r
Also, v
ac2 = a c1  0.5 = 4  0.5 = 3.5 m/s
2  n=
2 r
v22 45
ac2 = n=
r2 2 0.25  60  2
v 22 n = 0.75 r.p.s
 3.5 =  n = (0.75  60) = 45 r.p.m
5.41
 v2 = 3.5 5.41 = 4.35 m/s mv12
5. Maximum tension, Tmax = + mg
Average velocity is given by, r
v v 4  4.35 mv 22
vavg = 1 2 = = 4.175 m/s  4.2 m/s Minimum tension, Tmin =  mg
2 2 r
displacement  Using the law of conservation of energy,
Velocity =
time 1 1
displacement
mv12 = mv22 + 2mgr
2 2
4.2 =
9 i.e. v12 = v22 +4rg
Displacement = 4.2  9
 v12 
= 37.8 m ≈ 38 m   g
Tmax r v 2  rg
13
 =  2  = 12
Tmin  v2  v 2  rg
24 5 Numerical Value Type Questions   g
 r 
gx 2 v 22  5rg 4
1. y = x tan   = = ….( v12 = v22 + 4rg)
2u cos 2 
2 v 2  rg
2
1
For equal trajectories for same angle of This gives, 4v22  4rg  v22  5rg
g
projection, = constant 2 20
u2 or 3v 2 = 9 rg = 9   10
3
9.8 g
 2   v22 = 9  40
 10 = 400
7 (15)2 3 3
9.8  225  v2 = 20 m/s
 g = = 45 m/s2
49
2. Here x = u = initial velocity
2h
R=u
g

15