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Tutorial 1

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Tutorial Sheet–I B.Tech.

I Year PHI-101 (Physics I) Autumn Semester 2024-25

Note: These problems are mostly from Griffiths’ Chapter 1.

1. Express the following points in Cartesian coordinates (1st try to decipher which coordinate system they
are in):
(a) P (1, 60o, 2), (b) T (4, /2, /6)

2. Express the following points in cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates:

(a) P (1, -4, -3), (b) R (-2, 6, 0)

3. Find the angle between the body diagonals of a cube.

4. Use the cross product to find the components of the unit vector 𝑛̂ perpendicular to the plane shown in
the figure

5. Prove that [A ×{B×C}] + [B×{C×A}] + [C×{A×B}] = 0.


Under what conditions does A×{B×C} = {A×B}×C ?

6. Find the transformation matrix R that describes a rotation by 120o about an axis from the origin
though the point (1,1,1). The rotation is clockwise as you look down the axis towards the origin.

7. (a) How do the components of a vector transform under a transformation of coordinates


𝑥̅ = x , 𝑦̅ = y - a , 𝑧̅ = 𝑧 ( Figure (a) below)

(b) How do the components of a vector transform under a inversion of coordinates


𝑥̅ = -x , 𝑦̅ = -y , 𝑧̅ = −𝑧 (Figure (b) below)

(c) How does the cross product of two vectors transform under inversion?
(The cross product of two vectors is properly called a pseudovector because of this anomalous
behaviour).
Is the cross product of two pseudovectors a vector or a pseudovector?
Name two pseudovector quantities in classical mechanics.

(d) How does the scalar triple product of three vectors transform under inversion?

8. Find the gradients of the following functions:

9. Let r be the separation vector from a fixed point (𝒳 ′ , 𝒴 ′ , 𝒵 ′ ) to the point (𝒳, 𝒴, 𝒵), and r is the length
between these two points. Show that
(a) ∇ (r2) = 2r
(b) ∇(1/r) = - r/r3
(c) What is the general formula for ∇(rn)?

10. Calculate the divergence of the following vector function:

11. Let r = [x-x0, y-y0, z-z0]. Sketch the vector function

Also compute its divergence. Discuss your result in the light of the sketch.

12. Calculate the curl of the vector functions listed in problem 10.

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