Scribd
Upload
11 views10 pages

Ultasonic Navigation

Uploaded by

24eu0610006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views10 pages

Ultasonic Navigation

Uploaded by

24eu0610006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Ultrasonic

Navigation for the


Blind

N.M.Krishaa E.Omsraj S.Manoj Kumar V.Gururaj


Introduction
Visually impaired people are the people who finds it difficult to
recognize the smallest detail with healthy eyes. Those who have the
visual acuteness of 6/60 or the horizontal range of the visual field with
both eyes open have less than or equal to 20 degrees. These people are
regarded as blind. A survey by WHO (World Health Organization)
carried out in 2011 estimates that in the world, about 1% of the human
population is visually impaired (about 70 million people) and amongst
them, about 10% are fully blind (about 7 million people) and 90% (about
63 million people) with low vision. The main problem with blind people is
how to navigate their way to wherever they want to go. Such people
need assistance from others with good eyesight. As described by
WHO, 10% of the visually impaired have no functional eyesight at all to
help them move around without assistance and safely.
Introduction
➔ Study proposes a improved technique for designing a smart stick to help
visually impaired people for their navigation. In this system, the ultrasonic
sensors are used to detect obstacles by using ultrasonic waves. By sensing the
obstacles, the sensor passes the received data to the microcontroller. The
microcontroller processes the data and calculates if the obstacle is close
enough to the person. If the obstacle is not close to the microcontroller, the
circuit does not do anything. If the obstacle is close enough to the
microcontroller, it sends a signal to buzzer. The system consists of two
ultrasonic sensors, one for the detecting any obstacles in the path of
navigation and the other one is used to detect pits (by finding the depth). We
can assign two different buzzers for two ultrasonic sensors respectively. We
are also using an RF transmitter and receiver as a remote, to find the stick
when it is misplaced.Ultrasonic sensors usually work in the frequency range
of 40 to 70KHz. They have a range of measurement from 2cm to 5m. We are
going to use a wireless RF module in this system and generally it has a range
of 50m. The range of RF depends on the type of module and it varies up to
150m.
Abstract
This project is built to aid the blind so that they may walk easily in urban areas
and avoid obstacles using special detection sensors . This system uses a
microcontroller coupled with an output buzzer to alert the concerned. The
Thus the system
system is fitted with an infrared sensor and also three ultrasonic sensors. The provides
system guides and alerts the blind person of walking route and also alerts others
complete
guidance and
about the blind person at night through LED’s fitted with it.The ultrasonic sensors protection to a
fitted with the system provides obstacle data to the blind person through voice blind person
under various
message so that he/she may avoid them. The LDR circuit coupled with LED lets
circumstances.
other people and vehicles aware about the blind person in the dark. An
Arduino board does all the work of detecting ultrasonic signals and sending back
respective messages to the blind person.
Components
➡ Arduino board
➡Ultrasonic Sensor
➡Buzzer
➡Power source
(Laptop or Battery)
➡Jumper Wires
➡Bread board
➡LED
➡LDR
Block Diagram

LDR ⟶
Circuit Diagram

LED
Instructions:
1.Wear the Device: Attach the device to a belt, wristband, stick or other accessible
wearable item, ensuring the ultrasonic sensor faces forward.
2. Power On: Turn on the device using the power switch. Ensure the battery is fully
charged for optimal performance.
3. Activate Sensor : Once powered on, the ultrasonic sensor will start emitting sound
waves and begin scanning for obstacles.
4. Feedback Mechanism: As you move, the sensor will detect obstacles in its path. If
an obstacle is within a certain range, you'll receive an alert. This alert can be an
audible beep from a buzzer, a vibration from a motor.
5.Alerts to others about the presence of the blind person using LED with the
presence of LDR.
6. Respond to Alerts: When you receive an alert, slow down or stop. Use your cane
or other navigation aid to examine the obstacle and navigate around it.
7. Maintain Awareness: Regularly check the device to ensure it's functioning
correctly and that the sensor is unobstructed.
Working:
• 1. Emission: The ultrasonic sensor sends out sound waves.
• 2. Reflection: These sound waves bounce off obstacles and return to
the sensor.
• 3. Detection: The sensor calculates the distance based on the time it
takes for the waves to return.
• 4. Processing: The Arduino processes this data and determines if the
obstacle is within a critical distance.
• 5. Alerting: If an obstacle is detected within the set range, the Arduino
triggers a response like a beep from a buzzer or a vibration to alert the
user. Also alerts the opposite persons via LED through LDR.
THANK YOU

You might also like