QUESTION BANK OF

20. Show that the ratio of coefficients of spontaneous versus

stimulated emission is proportional to the third power of
frequency of the radiation. Explain why it is difficult to
RUET Phy 1121 achieve laser action in higher frequency ranges. (2020)
21. The wavelength of emission is 6000 A and the coefficient of
spontaneous emission is 10^6/s. Determine the coefficient for
the stimulated emission. (2020)
Optics 22. Distinguish between thick and thin lenses. Prove that the two
focal lengths of thin lenses in air are numerically equal.
1. Define thick and thin lenses. Show that the deviation (2019)
produced by a thin lens is independent of the position of the 23. What is an achromatic doublet? Why is it important to
object. (2023) construct a microscope objective and eye-piece? (2019)
2. Describe the working of a compound microscope with a
24. Explain how spherical and chromatic aberrations are
simple ray diagram. Calculate its magnifying power. (2023)
minimized in a Huygen's eye-piece (2019)
3. In a compound microscope, the focal length of the objective
is 1.2 cm and focal length of the eyepiece is 3.0 cm. When the 25. Construct a photographic camera. On what factors the quality
object is kept at 1.25 cm in front of the objective, the final of a film depend? (2019)
image is formed at infinity. Calculate the magnifying power. 26. Explain the terms: exit pupil and depth of focus of a camera
(2023) (2019)
4. Derive an expression for acceptance angle of an optical fibre 27. Explain the principle of an oil-immersion objective (2019)
(2023) 28. Show that numerical aperture (NA) is independent of the
5. What is population inversion? Explain the laser action on the dimensions of the fiber (2019)
basis of population inversion between atomic level. (2023) 29. Calculate the refractive indices of the core and cladding
6. The half-width of the gain profile of a He-Ne laser material is material of a fiber from the following data: NA = 0.22 and
2 x 10 nm. If the length of the cavity is 30 cm, how many Delta = 0.012 (2019)
longitudinal modes can be excited? the emission wavelength 30. What is population inversion? Explain why leaser action
of He-Ne laser is 6328 A. (2023) cannot occur without population inversion in atomic levels.
7. Explain the depth of focus of a photographic camera with its (2019)
importance (2021) 31. Find the ratio of populations of the two states in a He-Ne laser
8. Discuss the action of a compound microscope with ray that produces light of wavelength 6328A at 27°C (2019)
diagram and obtain an expression for its magnifying power 32. What is an equivalent lens? in what respect it is called an
(2021) equivalent lens? (2018)
9. Clarify the advantages of a compound microscope over a 33. Show that the deviation produced by a thin lens is
simple microscope (2021) independent of the position of the object? (2018)
10. Classify optical fibers as many ways as you can (2021) 34. Explain the action of a compound microscope with ray
11. Discuss the attenuation losses due to absorption and diagram. Calculate its magnifying power. (2018)
scattering by naming different types of losses in optical fiber 35. Derive an expression for skip distance of an optical fiber.
(2021) Show how it is related to the total number of reflections.
12. Explain the relation of skip distance with total internal (2018)
reflection in optical fiber by clearly defining them (2021) 36. The numerical aperature of an optical fiber is 0.39. If the
13. What are meant by an equivalent lens and equivalent focal difference in the refractive indices of the material of its core
length? Find an expression for the focal length of two thin and cladding is 0.05. calculate the refractive index of the
lenses in contact (2020) material of the core. (2018)
14. Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in a
compound microscope, Derive an expression for its
magnifying power. Why the diameter of objective of
microscope should be small? (2020)
15. A compound microscope has lenses of focal lengths 1 cm and
3 cm. An object is placed 1.2 cm from the object lens when a
Atomic Physics
1. Apply your knowledge from photo-electric effect to describe
virtual image is formed at a distance of 25 cm from the the construction and working of vacuum type photo-emissive
eyepiece. Calculate the resultant magnification of the cell. (2023)
microscope (2020)
2. Identify which is the most probable shell of an atom to release
16. What is an optical fiber? What is the principle involved in its electron in case of photoelectric effect and why? (2022)
working (2020)
3. In a Compton experiment, the wavelength of X-ray radiation
17. What are the different types of attenuation losses in an optical scattered at an angle of 45° is 0.022 Α. Calculate the
fiber? Explain scattering losses. (2020) wavelength of incident X-rays. (2023)
18. Explain optical communication system with block diagram. 4. Explain de Broglie phase and group velocities. Show that the
Which one are preferable for long distance communication de Broglie group velocity is same as the velocity of the
and why. (i) mono-mode or multi-mode and (ii) step or moving particle. (2021)
graded index fiber? (2020)
5. Derive the equation of kinetic energy of the recoil electron in
19. Derive the physical processes necessary to produce LASER Compton scattering experiment (2021)
light (2020)
6. An X-ray of frequency 3.0 × 10 Hz collides with an electron 6. Compute the amount of energy released by 1 g of 920. If a
at vest and is scattered through 90°. Calculate the frequency family uses 500 kWh energy per month, then how many
of the X-ray after scattering (2021) months they can use the above amount of energy? (2023)
7. What is de Broglie wavelength? Calculate the wavelength of 7. Name some of the important isotopes for the medical
an electron. speed 10^6 m/s and a ball of mass 1 kg and speed applications (2023)
1 m/s. In what case do you expect wave like behavior? (2020) 8. Describe the experimental setup for the measurement of
8. Explain how Davision and Germer verify de Broglie range of an a-particle by scintillations produced on a
hypothesis in their experiment (2020) fluorescent screen. (2023)
9. What are de Broglie phase and group velocities? Obtain a 9. A radioactive sample mutually contains 4.00 mg of 9202, (a)
relation between them (2020) How much of it will remain unchanged after 62,000 years?
10. Show that the stopping potential varies linearly with wave (b) What will be its 920 activity at the end of that time? Given
length of light and is independent of the intensity of light in that, T1/2 = 2.48 × 10^5 years (20230
photoelectric effect. (2019) 10. State the fundamental postulates of Bohr's theory of the
11. Find the quantum number that characterizes the earth's orbit hydrogen atom (2021)
around the sun. The earth's mass is 6 x10 ^ 24 kg its orbital 11. Explain hydrogen spectrum on the basis of Bohr's theory.
radius is1.5x10^11m, and its orbital speed is 3x1m^4 m/s Compare the energy levels of hydrogen with those of singly
(2019) ionized Helium (2021)
12. Give the laws of photo-electric emission. How will you 12. Calculate the radius of the hydrogen atom. Show that the
determine Planck's constant by this method? (2019) velocity of the electron in the first Bohr orbit in hydrogen
13. Find the direction of the recoil electron in Compton scattering atom is (1/137) C, where, C is the velocity of light (2021)
(2019) 13. Mention some characteristics of nuclear forces. (2021)
14. A beam of X-rays is scattered by a target. At 45° from the 14. Differentiate between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion
beam direction, the scattered X- rays have a wavelength of (2021)
2.2pm. What is the wavelength of X-rays in the direct beam? 15. Explain how tremendous amount of energy is released when
(2019) an atom bomb is explored (2021)
15. Explain the origin of spectral lines of hydrogen spectrum on 16. Name some of the important isotopes for the medical
the basis of Bohr’s theory. Why are spectral lines important? application (2021)
(2018) 17. Give the theory of successive disintegration of radioactive
16. Establish Einstein’s photo-electric equation. Explain the substance (2021)
success of quantum theory tom explain photo-electric effect. 18. A counter used for measuring the activity of a given
(2018) radioactive sample shows 4750 counts at a particular instant
17. It takes 4.2 eV to remove one of the least tightly bound and 2700 count 5 minutes later. Find the decay constant, half-
electrons from a metak surface. When ultraviolet photons of life and mean life of the radioactive element present in the
a single frequency strike a metal, electrons with kinetic sample (2021)
energies from zero to 2.6eV are ejected. What are the energy 19. Write down the drawbacks of Rutherford atom model. low
and wavelength of the incident photons? (2018) are they overcome by introducing Bohr model? (2020)
18. Obtain an expression for the change in wavelength of a 20. Give an account of Bohr's theory of hydrogen spectrum.
photon undergoing Compton scattering (2018) Explain the spectral lines of the H₂ atom. (2020)
19. Find de Broglie wavelength of a 46 gm golf ball with a 21. The wavelength of the second line of the Balmer series in the
velocity of 30 m/s. Do you expect any wave aspects in its hydrogen spectrum is 4861A. Find the wavelength of the first
behavior. (2018) line. (2020)
22. Describe the nature and properties of the charged particles
emitted from radioactive substances (2020)
23. Work out the elementary theory of successive disintegration
of radioactive elements (2020)
Nuclear Physics 24. What is meant by threshold energy of a nuclear reactor (2020)
25. Distinguish between thermal and high energetic neurons
Explain why U-233, U-235 and Pu-239 can take part in chain
1. List some sort-comings of Bohr's atom model. (2023) reaction only when they absorb thermal neutron (2020)
2. Start from de-Broglie hypothesis and show that the new 26. What physical properties are desirable for reflector material
concept of de-Broglie confirms the Bohr's postulates. (2023) in a nuclear reactor and how does it differ from moderator
3. At what speed must the electron revolve round the nucleus of materials (2020)
hydrogen atom in its ground state in order that it may not be 27. Give a theoretical explanation of nuclear fission on the basis
pulled into nucleus by electrostatic attraction, given radius of of liquid drop model (2020)
first Bohr orbit is 0.53x10^-10m (2023) 28. What do you understand by energy level diagram? Explain
4. Discuss in brief and exemplify the concept of compound the energy level diagram of hydrogen atom. (2019)
nucleus (2023) 29. What is binding energy (B.E) of a nucleus? Obtain an
5. From where are the neutrons emitted as a result of fission expression for B.E using mass defect (2019)
process? Classify and discuss about them. (2023) 30. Draw the (BE/A) versus A curve and explain (i) why the BE
of a very light nucleus is low and BE and (ii) why (BE/A)
curve drops down for heavy nuclei (2019)
31. What are meant by half and mean lives of radioactive 12. How does magnetic moment originate in atoms and ions?
substances. Obtain a relation between them. (2019) Explain their various types of arrangement (2020)
32. What is nuclear fission? Calculate the amount of energy 13. Apply Ampere’s law to find the magnetic field in a solenoid
released in the fission of 235 U. (2019) having n number of turns per unit length and carrying a
33. What are thermal neutrons? Explain the importance of current i (2020)
thermal neutrons in nuclear chain reaction. How does a 14. A solenoid 0.5 m long has 2000 arms. The magnetic induction
moderator slow down high energetic neutrons in a nuclear near the centre of the solenoid is 0.08T. What is the current
reactor? (2019) in the solenoid (2020)
34. How the neutron leakage can be reduced in a reactor (2019) 15. Explain the terms seif inductance and mutual inductance
35. Describe the nature and properties of the charged particles (2019)
emitted from radioactive substances. (2018) 16. Show that the energy required to build-up current i in a circuit
36. What are the fundamental laws of radioactive disintegration having self inductance L is 0.5Li^2 (2019)
(2018) 17. Define mutual inductance. Find an expression for mutual
37. What is artificial radioactivity? How was it discovered? inductance of two co-axial solenoids closely wound one upon
(2018) the other. (2018)
38. The half life of 24Na is 15 hours. How much time is required 18. Explain the Hall effect in metals and semiconductos. (2018)
for 10 mg of it reduce to 1 mg (2018) 19. The coefficient of mutual inductance between two coil is 8
39. What are the important features of laser? (2018) mH. What emf is induced in the second coil if the current is
40. Design a solid state laser and explain the action of different changing at the rate of 4kA/s in the first coil? (2018)
parts. (2018)
41. Establish Einstein relations at thermal equilibrium for
explaining stimulated emission of radiation. Hence prove that
the ratio of coefficients of spontaneous versus stimulated
emission is proportional to the third order of frequency of
radiation. (2018)
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Touhid
Magnetism 2202080
1. Define self inductance and mutual inductance. (2023)
2. If two coils having coefficient of self inductances L₁ and L₂
are mutually coupled together so that the whole of the flux
from one coil links with other, then show that the mutual
inductance between the two coils is given by M = (L1L2)^0.5
(2023)
3. Two coils, a primary of 400 turns and a secondary of 20 turns
are wound on an iron ring of mean diameter 20 cm and cross
section 2 cm radius. Calculate their mutual inductance. µ for
iron is 800. (2023)
4. Explain the various arrangements of magnetic moments in
solids and mention the magnetism associated with each.
(2023)
5. How the Ampere's law is modified in the presence of
magnetic materials? Establish the relation, Hdl=I (2023)
6. Discuss the importance of hysteresis curve for the selection
of magnetic materials for practical applications. (2023)
7. Define self- inductance and mutual inductance on the basis of
the law of electromagnetic induction. (2021)
8. Two coils having coefficient of self-inductances L1 and L2
are mutually coupled together so that the whole of the flux
from one coil links with other. Show that the mutual
inductance, M between two coil is given by, M=√𝐿1𝐿2
(2021)
9. Calculate the self-inductance of a solenoid having 2000 turns
wound uniformly over a length of 50 cm on a cylindrical taper
tube of 4 cm in diameter. The medium is air. (2021)
10. Classify materials on the basis of their behavior in a
magnetizing field (2021)
11. Show that the three magnetic vectors B, H and M are related
with each other by the relation B = µo(H+M) (2021)