All Types of Errors in JavaScript
1. Syntax Errors:
- These occur when the JavaScript parser encounters syntax that does not conform to the
language rules.
- Example: Missing closing brackets, or using undeclared variables.
- Example Code:
console.log("Hello World!;
2. Reference Errors:
- Occur when a non-existent variable is referenced.
- Example: Trying to access a variable that has not been defined.
- Example Code:
console.log(myVariable); // Uncaught ReferenceError
3. Type Errors:
- Occur when a variable or parameter is not of a valid type.
- Example: Invoking a non-function as a function.
- Example Code:
let x = 5;
x(); // Uncaught TypeError
4. Range Errors:
- Occur when a value is not in the set or range of allowed values.
- Example: Trying to create an array with an invalid length.
- Example Code:
let arr = new Array(-1); // Uncaught RangeError
5. Eval Errors (Legacy):
- Occur with the misuse of the eval() function. These are less common in modern JavaScript as
eval is discouraged.
- Example: Using eval incorrectly.
6. URI Errors:
- Occur when there is an issue with the use of URI handling functions (encodeURI, decodeURI).
- Example: Passing malformed URI sequences.
- Example Code:
decodeURI('%'); // Uncaught URIError
7. Logical Errors:
- Occur due to flaws in the program logic.
- Example: Writing code that runs but does not produce the expected output.
- Example Code:
let total = 10 - 5; // Expecting 15 but logically incorrect.
8. Aggregate Errors (ES2021):
- Used with Promise.any() or other cases involving multiple errors.
- Example: Handling multiple errors collectively.
- Example Code:
let error = new AggregateError([
new Error("First Error"),
new Error("Second Error")
], "Multiple errors occurred");
9. Custom Errors:
- Developers can define their own error types for specific cases.
- Example Code:
class CustomError extends Error {
constructor(message) {
super(message);
this.name = "CustomError";
}
throw new CustomError("This is a custom error!");
Error Handling in JavaScript:
To handle these errors, JavaScript provides the try-catch-finally construct:
Example:
try {
// Code that may throw an error
let num = x / 0;
} catch (error) {
console.error("An error occurred:", error.message);
} finally {
console.log("This will run regardless of an error.");
