MARKING (XII-PHYSICS), PRE-BOARD-I SCHEME SET-I 2024-25

SECTION–A MAR
S.NO KS
1 a 1
2 b 1
3 c 1
4 d 1
5 d 1
6 c 1
7 a 1
8 c 1
9 a 1
10 b 1
11 d 1
12 c 1
13 (D) Battery is disconnected from the capacitor. So, Q= Const. 1
2 2
Energy = Q /2C = Q d/ 2 ε0 A. so energy ∝ d
14 (D) 1
15 (A) 1
16 (C) 1
SECTION B
17
(I) 𝑫𝒓𝒊𝒇𝒕 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 ∝ 𝑹𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒙𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒊𝒎e
vd

(ii) Alternating current changes direction every half cycle.

So average drift velocity is zero ½
½

1
 18

19 a=0.1mm=10−4 λ=6000×10−10=6×10−7 D=0.5m

for 3rd dark a sinθ=3λ
sinθ = 3λ/a =x/D
x=3λD/ a 1
−7 -4
=3×6×10 ×0.5 / 10 ½
=9mm ½
20 (a) S,W,X 1
(b) Reason for low binding energy: In heavier nuclei, the Colombian repulsive effects can
increase considerably and can match/ offset the attractive effects of the nuclear forces. 1
This can result in such nuclei being unstable.

21

2
 ½+1/2

OR
1
1. Forward Bias: (i) Within the junction diode the direction of applied voltage is opposite to
that of built-in potential. (ii) The current is due to diffusion of majority charge carriers through
the junction and is of the order of milli amperes. (iii) The diode offers very small resistance in
1
the forward bias.
2. Reverse Bias: (i) The direction of applied voltage and barrier potential is same. (ii) The
current is due to leakage of minority charge carriers through the junction and is very small of
the order of μ A. (iii) The diode offers very large resistance in reverse bias.
[SECTION – C ]
22
Let σ be the surface charge density (charge per unit area) of the given sheet and let P be a
point at distance r from the sheet where we have to find E→

Choosing point P‟, symmetrical with P on the other side of the sheet, let us draw a Gaussian
cylindrical surface cutting through the sheet as shown in the diagram. As at the cylindrical
part of the Gaussian surface, E→ and dS→ are at a right angle, the only surfaces
having E→ and dS→ parallel are the plane ends

3
 ½

…[As E is outgoing from both plane ends, the flux is positive.

This is the total flux through the Gaussian surface.

This value is independent of r. „

(b) The electric field E = σ /2 ε0 is constant ½

Work done

OR

Gauss‟s law in electrostatics : It states that “the total electric flux over the surface S in vaccum
1
is 1/ε0 times the total charge (q).”

Electric field due to an infinitely long straight wire : Consider an infinitely long straight line
charge having linear charge density X to determine its electric field at distance r. Consider a
cylindrical Gaussian surface of radius r and length l coaxial with the charge. By symmetry,
the electric field E has same magnitude at each point of the curved surface S1 and is directed
radially outward. ½

4
 Total flux through the cylindrical surface,

23 1+1

24 (a) (i) τ = MB sin θ θ = 90° 1

τ = 1.5 x 0.22 x sin 90°

τ =1.5 x 0.22 × 1 = 0.33 Nm

(ii)θ = 180° τ = 1.5 x 0.22 x sin 180 °=0 1

1/2
0
(b)(i) 0
1/2
0
(ii) 180

25 Ans.(a) We know that Power = P = VI that is curve of power will be having maximum 1
5
 amplitude, equals to multiplication of amplitudes of voltage (V) and current (I) curve. So, the
curve will be represented by A.
(b)As shown by shaded area in the diagram, the full cycle of the graph consists of one
positive and one negative symmetrical area.

Hence, average power over a cycle is zero.

(c) As the average power is zero, hence the device may be inductor (L) or capacitor (C) or the
1
series combination of L and C
26  e.m. waves in the wavelength range 10 nm to 10-3 nm are X-rays. 1
 X-rays are generated by bombarding a metal target with high energy electrons. 1

• Uses :

½
1. Diagnosis of bone fractures.
½
2. Treatment of some forms of cancer.

27

Suppose all the rays are paraxial

Then the angles i, r, a, P and y will be small

6
 1

Using new Cartesian sign convention, we find

Object distance, OP = – u,
Image distance, PI = tv
Radius of curvature, PC = + R
1

28 (a) „X‟ is a collector plate potential. 1/2

½
(b) „A‟ represents the stopping potential.

(c) Graph for different frequencies :

7
 1

SECTION D
29 ((i) Ans. (d) Reason: in reverse biased p-n junction l, potential difference across a 1 mark
junction becomes [V+Vb] for each
(ii) Ans. (c)concentration of positive and negative charges near the junction correct
(iii) Ans. (c) Reason: D2 is reverse biased and D1 is forward biased. So, 2phm and 4 option
ohm are in series and connected to 12 V. Hence, I= 12/ (3+4) = 1.71A
(iv) Ans. (d) Si and Ge are semiconductors
Or
Ans. (b)
30 1.(c) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4.(d) OR (a)
SECTION E
31 (i) In the figure of forces acting on conductor B with the angles

Finding FBA :

8
 Finding FBC : ½

resultant named FB:

Insert your data :

b) Using vectors components to get the direction of the resultant :

9
 The result is 60o .

(ii)
  
F  I (l  B)

Or The magnitude of the force is F = I l B sin

(i) If =0 or 180 , then F = I l B(0) = 0
Thus a current carrying conductor placed parallel to the direction of the magnetic field
does not experience any force.
(ii) If =90 , then F = I l B sin90o or Fmax= I l B

Or 1
PRINCIPLE: It works on the principle that when a current loop is placed in an external
magnetic field, it experiences torque, and the value of torque can be changed by changing the
current in the loop Or

10
 Theory and working: As the field is radial, the plane of the coil always remains

parallel to the field B . When a current flows through the coil, a torque acts on it. It is
 = Force x perpendicular distance = NIbB x a sin 90 = NIB(ab) = NIBA
Here =90 , because the normal to the plane of coil remains perpendicular to the field

B in all positions.
The torque  deflects the coil through an angle . A restoring torque is set up in the
coil due to the elasticity of the springs such that
½
 restoring  k

Where k is the torsion constant of the springs i.e., torque required to produce unit
angular twist.
In equilibrium position,
Restoring torque = Deflecting torque
k = NIBA
NBAI

k
Thus the deflection produced in the galvanometer coil is proportional to the current
flowing through it.
Functions:
1
(i) A uniform magnetic field provides a linear current scale.
(ii) A soft iron core makes the field radial. It also increases the strength of the magnetic
field and hence increases the sensitivity of the galvanometer.

1
1
32 (a) Correct Ray diagram 1
Correct expression of refractive index of glass in terms of angle of prism and 1
angle of minimum deviation 1
(b)

11
 1

OR
(a) diagram

Or

1
1
Definition : It is the ratio of the angle subtended at the eye, by the final image, to the angle
which the object subtend at the lens, or the eye. 1
1
Or Magnifying power m = −f0/fe

(b) Objective = 0.5 D and eye lens = 10 D

Justification

12
 (ii) High resolving power/Brighter image/ lower limit of resolution.

33 (i) According to Bohr‟s postulates, angular momentum of electron for any permitted
orbit is,
1

Also, according to Bohr‟s postulates, the centripetal force is equal to electrostatic

force between the electron and nucleus.

(ii) we know that velocity of electron moving around a proton in hydrogen atom in 1
an orbit of radius 5.3×10–11 m is 2.2×10–6 m/s. Thus, the frequency of the
electron moving around the proton is
𝛎=υ/2πr =2.2×106ms−1 / 2π(5.3×10−11m) OR
15
≈6.6×10 Hz.
According to the classical electromagnetic theory we know that the frequency of
the electromagnetic waves emitted by the revolving electrons is equal to the
frequency of its revolution around the nucleus. Thus the initial frequency of the
light emitted is 6.6×1015 Hz.

OR

The trajectory, traced by the a -particles in the Coulomb field of target nucleus,
1
has the form shown below.

13
 The size of the nucleus was estimated by observing the distance (d) of closest Or
approach, of the a-particles. This distance is given by :

where K = kinetic energy of the a-particles when they are far away from the
target nuclei. 2

Let d be the distance of closest approach then by the conservation of energy.

Initial kinetic energy of incoming α-particle K
= Final electric potential energy U of the system 1
As K=1/4πε0x(2e)(Ze)/d
∴d= 1/4πε0 .2Ze2/K ..(i)
Here,
4πε01=9×109Nm2C−2
Z=79,e=1.6×10−19C.
K=7.7MeV
=7.7×106×1.6×10−9J
=1.2×10−12J
Substituting these values in (i) and solving,we get
d=3×10−14m 1
−15
m=30fm(∵1fm=10 m)

______________________________END_______________________________________________

14