Name:- TEJAS MALI

Roll:- 61
Assignment No.:- 01
Program:- write a c++ program to draw a concave polygon and fill it with desired colour using
scan fillalgorithm.
#include <conio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
class point {
public:
int x,y;
};
class poly {
private:
point p[20];
int inter[20],x,y;
int v,xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax;
public:
int c;
void read();
void calcs();
void display();
void ints(float);
void sort(int);
}; void poly::read()
{
int i;
cout<<"\n Scan Fill Algorithm ";
cout<<"\n Enter Number Of Vertices Of Polygon: ";
cin>>v;
if(v>2) {
for(i=0;i<v; i++) //ACCEPT THE VERTICES {
cout<<"\nEnter co-ordinate no. "<<i+1<<" : ";
cout<<"\n\tx"<<(i+1)<<"=";
cin>>p[i].x;
cout<<"\n\ty"<<(i+1)<<"=";
cin>>p[i].y;
} p[i].x=p[0].x;
p[i].y=p[0].y;
xmin=xmax=p[0].x;
ymin=ymax=p[0].y;
} else
cout<<"\n Enter valid no. of vertices.";
}
void poly::calcs()
{
for(int i=0;i<v;i++)
{
if(xmin>p[i].x)
xmin=p[i].x;
if(xmax<p[i].x)
xmax=p[i].x;
if(ymin>p[i].y)
ymin=p[i].y;
if(ymax<p[i].y)
ymax=p[i].y;
}
} void poly::display()
{
int ch1;
char ch='y';
float s,s2;
do
{
cout<<"\n\nMENU:";
cout<<"\n\n\t1 . Scan line Fill ";
cout<<"\n\n\t2 . Exit ";
cout<<"\n\nEnter your choice:";
cin>>ch1;
switch(ch1)
{
case 1:
s=ymin+0.01;
delay(100);
cleardevice();
while(s<=ymax) {
ints(s);
sort(s);
s++;
}
break;
case 2:
exit(0);
} cout<<"Do you want to continue?: ";
cin>>ch;
}while(ch=='y' || ch=='Y');
}
void poly::ints(float z) {
int x1,x2,y1,y2,temp;
c=0;
for(int i=0;i<v;i++)
{
x1=p[i].x;
y1=p[i].y;
x2=p[i+1].x;
y2=p[i+1].y;
if(y2<y1)
{
temp=x1;
x1=x2;
x2=temp;
temp=y1;
y1=y2;
y2=temp;
} if(z<=y2&&z>=y1)
{
if((y1-y2)==0)
x=x1;
else
{
x=((x2-x1)*(z-y1))/(y2-y1);
x=x+x1;
}
if(x<=xmax && x>=xmin)
inter[c++]=x;
}}}
void poly::sort(int z) // sorting
{
int temp,j,i;
for(i=0;i<v;i++)
{
line(p[i].x,p[i].y,p[i+1].x,p[i+1].y);
}
delay(100);
for(i=0; i<c;i+=2)
{
delay(100);
line(inter[i],z,inter[i+1],z);
}
}
int main() //main {
int cl;
initwindow(500,600);
cleardevice();
poly x;
x.read();
x.calcs();
cleardevice();
cout<<"\n\tEnter The Color You Want :(In Range 0 To 15 )->"; //selecting color
cin>>cl;
setcolor(cl);
x.display();
closegraph(); //closing graph
getch();
return 0;
}
Output:
Name:- TEJAS MALI
Roll:- 61
Assignment No:- 02
Program:- write a c++ program to implement cohen southerland line clipping algorithm.
#include<iostream>
#include<graphics.h>
typedef unsigned int outcode;
enum{TOP=0x1,BOTTOM=0x2,RIGHT=0x4,LEFT=0x8};
using namespace std;
outcode CompOutCode(double ,double ,double ,double ,double ,double );
void CSLCAD(double x0,double y0,double x1,double y1,double xmin,double xmax,double
ymin,double ymax)
{
outcode outcode0,outcode1,outcodeout;
boolean accept=FALSE, done=FALSE;
outcode0=CompOutCode(x0,y0,xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax);
outcode1=CompOutCode(x1,y1,xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax);
cout<<"outcode0="<<outcode0<<endl;
cout<<"outcode1="<<outcode1<<endl;
do
{
if(outcode0==0 && outcode1==0)
{
accept=TRUE;
done=TRUE;
}
else if(outcode0 & outcode1)
{
done=TRUE;
}
else
{
double x,y;
int ocd=outcode0 ? outcode0:outcode1;
if(ocd & TOP)
{
x=x0+(x1-x0)*(ymax-y0)/(y1-y0);
y=ymax;
}
else if(ocd & BOTTOM)
{
x=x0+(x1-x0)*(ymin-y0)/(y1-y0);
y=ymin;
}
else if(ocd & LEFT)
{
y=y0+(y1-y0)*(xmin-x0)/(x1-x0);
x=xmin;
} else
{
y=y0+(y1-y0)*(xmax-x0)/(x1-x0);
x=xmax;
}
if(ocd==outcode0)
 {
x0=x;
y0=y;
outcode0=CompOutCode(x0,y0,xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax);
} else
{
x1=x;
y1=y;
outcode1=CompOutCode(x1,y1,xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax);
}
}
}while(done==FALSE);

if(accept==TRUE)
{
line(x0,y0,x1,y1);
}
} outcode CompOutCode(double x,double y,double xmin,double xmax,double ymin,double
ymax)
{
outcode code=0;
if(y>ymax)
code|=TOP;
if(y<ymin)
code|=BOTTOM;
if(x>xmax)
code|=RIGHT;
 if(x<xmin)
code|=LEFT;
return code;
} int main()
{
string ch;
double xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax,x0,y0,x1,y1;
initwindow(500,600);
cout<<"Enter the bottom co-ordinates of window:";
cin>>xmin;
cout<<"Enter the left coordinates of the window:";
cin>>ymin;
cout<<"Enter the right coordinates of the window:";
cin>>xmax;
cout<<"Enter the top coordinates of the window:";
cin>>ymax;
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
cout<<"Enter the coordinates(Terminal Points) of the line: ";
cin>>x0>>y0;
cin>>x1>>y1;
line(x0,y0,x1,y1);
delay(5000);
cleardevice();
CSLCAD(x0,y0,x1,y1,xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax);
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
delay(50000);
closegraph(); }
Output:
Name:- TEJAS MALI
Roll:- 61
Assiginment No:03
Program:- write a c++ program to draw the pattern.use DDA line and bresenham’s circle
drawing algorithm.apply the concept of encapsulation.
#include <iostream>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
class dcircle {
private:
int x0, y0;
public:
dcircle() {
x0 = 0;
y0 = 0;
}
void setoff(int xx, int yy) {
x0 = xx;
y0 = yy;
}
void drawc(int x1, int y1, int r) {
float d;
int x, y;
x = 0;
y = r;
d = 3 - 2 * r;
 do {
putpixel(x1 + x0 + x, y0 + y - y1, 15);
putpixel(x1 + x0 + y, y0 + x - y1, 15);
putpixel(x1 + x0 + y, y0 - x - y1, 15);
putpixel(x1 + x0 + x, y0 - y - y1, 15);
putpixel(x1 + x0 - x, y0 - y - y1, 15);
putpixel(x1 + x0 - y, y0 - x - y1, 15);
putpixel(x1 + x0 - y, y0 + x - y1, 15);
putpixel(x1 + x0 - x, y0 + y - y1, 15);
if (d <= 0) {
d = d + 4 * x + 6;
} else {
d = d + 4 * (x - y) + 10;
y = y - 1;
}
x = x + 1;
} while (x < y);
}
};

class pt {
protected:
int xco, yco, color;
public:
pt() {
xco = 0, yco = 0, color = 15;
}
 void setco(int x, int y) {
xco = x;
yco = y;
}
void setcolor(int c) {
color = c;
}
void draw() {
putpixel(xco, yco, color);
}
};

class dline : public pt {

private:
int x2, y2;
public:
dline() : pt() {
x2 = 0;
y2 = 0;
}
void setline(int x, int y, int xx, int yy) {
pt::setco(x, y);
x2 = xx;
y2 = yy;
}
void drawl(int colour) {
float x, y, dx, dy, length;
 int i;
pt::setcolor(colour);
dx = abs(x2 - xco);
dy = abs(y2 - yco);
if (dx >= dy) {
length = dx;
} else {
length = dy;
}
dx = (x2 - xco) / length;
dy = (y2 - yco) / length;
x = xco + 0.5;
y = yco + 0.5;
i = 1;
while (i <= length) {
pt::setco(x, y);
pt::draw();
x = x + dx;
y = y + dy;
i = i + 1;
}
pt::setco(x, y);
pt::draw();
}
};

int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, NULL);
int x, y, r, x1, x2, y1, y2, xmax, ymax, xmid, ymid, n, i;
dcircle c;
cout << "\nEnter coordinates of centre of circle : ";
cout << "\nEnter the value of x : ";
cin >> x;
cout << "\nEnter the value of y : ";
cin >> y;
cout << "\nEnter the value of radius : ";
cin >> r;
xmax = getmaxx();
ymax = getmaxy();
xmid = xmax / 2;
ymid = ymax / 2;
setcolor(1);
c.setoff(xmid, ymid);
line(xmid, 0, xmid, ymax);
line(0, ymid, xmax, ymid);
setcolor(15);
c.drawc(x, y, r);
pt p1;
p1.setco(100, 100);
p1.setcolor(14);
dline l;
cout << "Enter Total Number of lines : ";
cin >> n;
 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cout << "Enter coordinates of point x1 : ";
cin >> x1;
cout << "Enter coordinates of point y1 : ";
cin >> y1;
cout << "Enter coordinates of point x2 : ";
cin >> x2;
cout << "Enter coordinates of point y2 : ";
cin >> y2;
l.setline(x1 + xmid, ymid - y1, x2 + xmid, ymid - y2);
l.drawl(15);
}
cout << "\nEnter coordinates of centre of circle : ";
cout << "\nEnter the value of x : ";
cin >> x;
cout << "\nEnter the value of y : ";
cin >> y;
cout << "\nEnter the value of radius : ";
cin >> r;
setcolor(5);
c.drawc(x, y, r);
getch();
delay(200);
closegraph();
return 0;
}
Output:
Name:- TEJAS MALI
Roll:- 61
Assignment No:- 04
Program:- write a c++ program to draw 2-D object and perform the following basic
transformation:
1.scaling
2.Translation
3.Rotation. Apply the concept of operator overloading
Code:
#include<iostream>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
class transform
{
public:
int m,a[20][20],c[20][20];
int i,j,k;
public:
void object();
void accept();
void operator *(float b[20][20])
{
for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<m;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(int k=0;k<m;k++)
{
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+(a[i][k]*b[k][j]);
}
}}}};
void transform::object()
{
int gd,gm;
gd=DETECT;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,NULL);
line(300,0,300,600);
line(0,300,600,300);
for( i=0;i<m-1;i++)
{
line(300+a[i][0],300-a[i][1],300+a[i+1][0],300-a[i+1][1]);
} line(300+a[0][0],300-a[0][1],300+a[i][0],300-a[i][1]);
for( i=0;i<m-1;i++)
{
line(300+c[i][0],300-c[i][1],300+c[i+1][0],300-c[i+1][1]);
} line(300+c[0][0],300-c[0][1],300+c[i][0],300-c[i][1]);
int temp;
cout << "Press 1 to continue";
cin >> temp;
closegraph();
}void transform::accept()
{
cout<<"\n";
cout<<"Enter the Number Of Edges:";
cin>>m;
cout<<"\nEnter The Coordinates :";
for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
{
if(j>=2)
a[i][j]=1;
else
cin>>a[i][j];
}
}
} int main()
{int ch,tx,ty,sx,sy;
float deg,theta,b[20][20];
transform t;
t.accept();
cout<<"\nEnter your choice";
cout<<"\n1.Translation"
"\n2.Scaling"
"\n3.Rotation";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case 1: cout<<"\nTRANSLATION OPERATION\n";
cout<<"Enter value for tx and ty:";
cin>>tx>>ty;
b[0][0]=b[2][2]=b[1][1]=1;
b[0][1]=b[0][2]=b[1][0]=b[1][2]=0;
b[2][0]=tx;
b[2][1]=ty;
t * b;
t.object();
break;
case 2: cout<<"\nSCALING OPERATION\n";
cout<<"Enter value for sx,sy:";
cin>>sx>>sy;
b[0][0]=sx;
b[1][1]=sy;
b[0][1]=b[0][2]=b[1][0]=b[1][2]=0;
b[2][0]=b[2][1]=0;
b[2][2] = 1;
t * b;
t.object();
break;
case 3: cout<<"\nROTATION OPERATION\n";
cout<<"Enter value for angle:";
cin>>deg;
theta=deg*(3.14/100);
b[0][0]=b[1][1]=cos(theta);
b[0][1]=sin(theta);
b[1][0]=sin(-theta);
b[0][2]=b[1][2]=b[2][0]=b[2][1]=0;
b[2][2]=1;
t * b;
t.object();
break;
default:
cout<<"\nInvalid choice";
}getch();
return 0;
}
Output:
Name:- TEJAS MALI
Roll:- 61
Assignment No:- 05
Program:-Write a c++ program to generate a Hilbert curve using the concept of fractals.
Code:
#include<iostream>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
void move(int j, int h, int &x,int &y)
{
if(j==1)
y-=h;
else
if(j==2)
x+=h;
else if(j==3)
y+=h;
else if(j==4)
x-=h;
lineto(x,y);
}
void hilbert(int r,int d,int l ,int u,int i,int h,int &x,int &y)
{
if(i>0)
{
i--;
hilbert(d,r,u,l,i,h,x,y);
move(r,h,x,y);
hilbert(r,d,l,u,i,h,x,y);
move(d,h,x,y);
hilbert(r,d,l,u,i,h,x,y);
move(l,h,x,y);
hilbert(u,l,d,r,i,h,x,y);
}
}
int main()
{
int n,x1,y1;
int x0=50,y0=150,x,y,h=10,r=2,d=3,l=4,u=1;
cout<<"Enter the value to draw the number of curves=";
cin>>n;
x=x0;
y=y0;
int driver=DETECT,mode=0;
initgraph(&driver,&mode,NULL);
moveto(x,y);
hilbert(r,d,l,u,n,h,x,y);
delay(10000);
closegraph();
return 0;
}
Output:
Name:- TEJAS MALI
Roll:- 61
Assignment No:- 06
Program:-write a c++ program to draw man walking in the rain with an umbrella.apply the
concept of polymorphism.
#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dos.h>

using namespace std;

class walkingman {
int rhx, rhy;
public:
void draw(int, int);
void draw(int);
};

void walkingman::draw(int i) {
setcolor(WHITE);
line(20, 380, 580, 380);
setcolor(LIGHTBLUE);

if (i % 2) {
setcolor(RED);
 line(25 + i, 380, 35 + i, 340);
line(45 + i, 380, 35 + i, 340);
line(35 + i, 310, 25 + i, 330);
delay(20);
} else {
setcolor(GREEN);
line(35 + i, 340, 35 + i, 310);
line(35 + i, 310, 40 + i, 330);
delay(20);
}

setcolor(YELLOW);
line(35 + i, 340, 35 + i, 310);
setcolor(RED);
circle(35 + i, 300, 10);

setcolor(CYAN);
line(35 + i, 310, 50 + i, 330);
setcolor(MAGENTA);
line(50 + i, 330, 50 + i, 280);
line(15 + i, 280, 85 + i, 280);

setcolor(WHITE);
arc(50 + i, 280, 0, 180, 35);
arc(55 + i, 330, 180, 360, 5);
}
void walkingman::draw(int x, int y) {
int j;
rhx = x;
rhy = y;

for (j = 0; j < 100; j++) {

setcolor(WHITE);
outtextxy(rand() % rhx, rand() % (rhy - 50), "|");
}
}

int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm;
int rhx, rhy, j, i;
walkingman obj;

initgraph(&gd, &gm, "");

for (i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
obj.draw(i);
rhx = getmaxx();
rhy = getmaxy();
obj.draw(rhx, rhy);
delay(150);
cleardevice();
} getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
Output:
Name:- TEJAS MALI
Roll:- 61
Assignment No:- 07
Program:- write a c++ program to draw 3-D cube and perform following transformation on it
usingopengl.
1)scaling 2)Translation 3)Rotation about an axis(X/Y/Z).
#include <iostream>
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
// Global variables for transformations
3)Rotation about an axis(X/Y/Z).
float angleX = 0.0f, angleY = 0.0f, angleZ = 0.0f;
float translateX = 0.0f, translateY = 0.0f, translateZ = 0.0f;
float scaleX = 1.0f, scaleY = 1.0f, scaleZ = 1.0f;
int choice;
// Function to draw a cube
void drawCube() {
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
// Front face (z = 1)
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); // Red
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
// Back face (z = -1)
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Green
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
// Left face (x = -1)
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Blue
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
// Right face (x = 1)
glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Yellow
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
// Top face (y = 1)
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Cyan
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
// Bottom face (y = -1)
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Magenta
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
glEnd();
}
// Display callback function
void display() {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
// Apply transformations
glTranslatef(translateX, translateY, translateZ);
glScalef(scaleX, scaleY, scaleZ);
glRotatef(angleX, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glRotatef(angleY, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glRotatef(angleZ, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
drawCube();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
// Initialization function
void init() {
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); // Enable depth testing
glClearColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Set background color to white
}
// Reshape callback function
void reshape(int width, int height) {
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(45.0f, (float)width / (float)height, 0.1f, 100.0f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
}
// Main function
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(800, 600);
glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
glutCreateWindow("3D Cube Transformations");
init();
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
// User input for transformations
cout << "Choose a transformation:\n";
cout << "1. Translation\n";
cout << "2. Scaling\n";
cout << "3. Rotation\n";
cout << "=> ";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice) {
case 1:
cout << "Enter translation values (Tx, Ty, Tz): ";
cin >> translateX >> translateY >> translateZ;
break;
case 2:
cout << "Enter scaling values (Sx, Sy, Sz): ";
cin >> scaleX >> scaleY >> scaleZ;
break;
case 3:
cout << "Enter rotation angles (angleX, angleY, angleZ): ";
cin >> angleX >> angleY >> angleZ;
break;
default:
cout << "Invalid choice!\n";
return 1;
}
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}

Output: