CENTENARY CELEBRATED

SHARNBASVESHWAR VIDYA VARDHAK SANGHA’S

Silver Jubilee Celebrated

SHARNBASVESHWAR
RESIDENTIAL COMP PU COLLEGE, KALABURAGI

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
 UNITS IN
QUANTITIES UNITS IN CGS UNITS IN MKS
UNITS AND MEASUREMENT FPS

LENGTH centimeter(cm) foot(ft) metre(m)

1. What is physical quantity? MASS gram(g) pound(lb) kilogram(kg)

Ans: Any quantity which can be measured is
called a physical quantity. TIME second(s) second(s) second(s)
Example: length, mass, time, temperature, speed,
velocity etc.
9. What is meant by SI system?
Ans: SI system is an International System of units
2. What is a unit?
containing seven basic units.
Ans: Standard chosen for measurement of a
physical quantity is called a unit. 10. Give the fundamental (basic) SI quantities and
units
3. What are fundamental quantities?
Ans :
Ans: Quantities which are independent of other
physical quantities are called fundamental Basic
quantities. Sl.N
Basic physical quantity uni Symbol
Example: length, mass, time, temperature etc. o
t
4. What are derived physical quantities?
1 Length metre M
Ans :The quantities which depend on the other
physical quantities are called derived quantities. 2 Mass Kilogram kg
Example: speed , velocity, acceleration, density,
volume etc. 3 Time second S

5. What are the fundamental (basic) units? 4 Temperature kelvin K

Ans: The unit of fundamental quantities is called
5 Electric current Ampere A
fundamental units.
6 Luminous intensity Candela Cd
6. What are derived units?
Ans: The units of derived quantities that can be 7 Quantity of matter Mole Mol
expressed as combination of basic units are called
derived units.
11. Write the supplementary SI units.
7. Mention the characteristics of a standard unit. Ans :
Ans: The characteristics of a standard unit: SL.NO SUPPLEMENTARY BASIC UNIT SYMBOL
i) It should be well defined. QUANTITY
ii) It should be of convenient size. 1 Plane angle radian rad
iii) It should not change with the place and
time. 2 Solid angle steradian sr
iv) It should not change with the change in
12. State the advantages of SI over the other
physical quantities such as temperature,
system of units.
pressure, humidity etc.
Ans: The advantages of SI over the other
v) It should be easily reproducible.
system of units.
vi) it should be easily accessible.
i) SI is a coherent system of units
8. Mention the different System of units.
ii) SI is a rational system of units
Ans: The different system of units is
iii) SI is a metric system
1. CGS
iv) SI is an absolute system of units
2. MKS
v) SI is an internationally accepted system of
3. FPS and SI system of units.
units.
13. Write the prefixes for powers of ten. iii) Parsec (parallactic second) :
Ans : It is the distance at which an arc of length 1
astronomical unit subtends an angle of 1 second.
Sub
Multiple Prefix Symbol Prefix Symbol
multiple

101 Deca da 10-1 deci d

SIGNIFICANT FIGURE
102 hecto h 10-2 centi c
1. What is significant figure?
Ans: The number of digits in the measurement
103 Kilo k 10-3 milli m about which we are certain, plus one digit
about which we are uncertain is called
106 Mega M 10-6 micro µ significant figures.
The number of significant figures gives an idea
109 Giga G 10-9 nano n of accuracy. Larger the number of significant
figures, greater is 𝑡ℎ𝑒 accuracy.
1012 Tera T 10-12 pico p
2. State the rules for counting number of
1015 Peta P 10-15 femto f significant figures in measured quantity.
Figures:
1018 Exa E 10-18 atto a 1. All non zero digits are significant.
Ex: 13.75 has four significant figures.

14. List out some commonly used practical units. 2. All zeros between two non zero digits are
Ans : significant.
A.Practical units for measuring small Ex: 100.05km has five significant figures.
distances:

i)Fermi : It is used for measuring nuclear 3. All zeroes to the right of a non zero digit but
sizes1fermi = 1fm =10 m -15 to the left of understood decimal point are not
significant.
ii) Angstrom : It is used to express wavelength of Ex: 86400 has three significant figures.
light1angstrom = 1A0= 10-10m = 10-8 cm
4. All zeroes to the right of a non zero digit but to
iii)Micron : It is the unit of distance defined as the left of the decimal point are significant.
micrometer.1Micron = 1µm=10 -6m Ex: 648700. has six significant figures.

B. Practical units used for measuring large 5. All zeros to the right of the decimal point are
distances: significant.
i) Light year : Ex:161cm ,161.0cm and 161.00cm have three,
It is the distance travelled by light in vacuum in four and five significant figures respectively.
one year.
6. All zeroes to the right of a decimal point but to
1 Light year(ly) = Speed of light in vacuum x 1year. the left of a non zero digit are not significant .
=3x108ms-1 x 365.25 x 24 x 60 x 60s Ex:0.161cm and 0.0161cm both have three
significant figures.
1 Light year(ly) = 9.467 x 1015m
3. State the rules for rounding off a
ii) Astronomical unit: measurement.
It is defined as the mean distance of earth from Ans: Rules for rounding off a measurement:
the sun. It is used in astronomy to measure
1. If the digit to be dropped is smaller than 5, then
distances of planets.
the preceding digit is left unchanged.
1 astronomical unit = 1 AU = 1.496 x 1015m
 2. If the digit to be dropped is greater than 5 then b) Dimensionless variables:
the preceding digit is increased by 1. The physical quantities which have no
dimensions but have variables values are
3. If the digit to be dropped is 5 followed by non called dimensionless variables.
zero digits, then preceding digit is increased by 1. Examples: Angle, specific gravity, strain, etc.
4. If the digit to be dropped is 5, then the
c) Dimensional constants:
preceding digit is left unchanged if it is even. The physical quantities which possess
5. If the digit to be dropped is 5, then the dimensions and have constant values are
preceding digit is increased by 1, if it is odd. dimensional constants.
Examples: Gravitational constant, Plank’s
4. State the rules for determining constants.
The significant figures in the sum or difference
and product or quotient of two numbers. d) Dimensionless constants: The constant
Ans : quantities having no dimensions are called
1)The significant figures in the sum or difference dimensionless constants.
of two numbers. In addition or subtraction the Examples: π, e, etc.
final result should be reported to the same number
of decimal places as that of original number with 4. Write the applications of Dimensional analysis.
Ans: Dimensional analysis is used
minimum number of decimal places.
 To convert unit of a given physical quantity
2)Significant figures in the product or quotient of from one system to another
two numbers. In multiplication or division the  To check the correctness of an equation.
final result should be reported to the same number  To derive the relation between various physical
of significant figures as that of original number quantities.
with minimum number of significant figures.
5. State the Principle of homogeneity or
consistency
DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS Ans: Statement:
All the terms on both sides(LHS=RHS) of
physical equation must have same dimensions.
1. What are dimensions of a physical quantity?
Ans: These are the powers raised to the
6. Convert one joule into erg.
fundamental physical quantities to obtain the
Ans: Joule is the SI unit of energy and erg is the
given physical quantity.
CGS unit of energy. Dimensional formula of
energy is ML2T-2. a =1, b =2, c=-2
2. Dimensional analysis
Ans: Analyzing any equation by the method of SI CGS
dimensions is called as dimensional analysis.
M1 = 1kg =1000g M2 = 1g
3. Mention the different types of variables and
constants: L1 = 1m = 100cm L2 = 1cm
Ans :
T1 = 1s T2 = 1s
a) Dimensional variables:
The quantities which process dimensions and 𝑛1 = 1(joule) 𝑛2 = ?(erg)
have variable values are called dimensional
variable values are called dimensional
variables. 𝑴 𝒂 𝑳 𝒃 𝑻 𝒄
Examples: Area, Volume, Velocity, Force, 𝑛2 = 𝑛1 [𝑴𝟏 ] [𝑳𝟏] [𝑻𝟏 ]
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
etc.
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟏 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟐 𝟏 −𝟐
=1 [ 𝟏
] [
𝟏
] [
𝟏
]
 = 1 x 103 x 104 = 107 Write the dimensions on both sides in terms of
MLT
i.e 1 joule = 107 erg.
 [M1 L2 T-2] = [M1 L2 T-2]
7. Check the correctness of equation v = u + at.
Ans: According to principle of homogeneity of LHS = RHS
dimensions the given equation dimensionally From principle of homogeneity, the given
correct if the dimension of all parts of the equation equation is dimensionally correct.
is same.
Writing the dimensional formula of each of them 10. The period (T) of a simple pendulum depends
we get on the length (l) of the simple pendulum and
the acceleration due to gravity (g) at a place.
[ML𝑇 −1 ] = [ML𝑇 −1 ] + [𝑀𝐿𝑇 −2 ][T] Obtain an expression for (T) by the method of
[ML𝑇 −1 ] = [ML𝑇 −1 ] = [ML𝑇 −1 ] dimensions.
All the terms have same dimensional formula and Ans: Given, T lx gy
hence the equation dimensionally correct. T = K lx gy -----> (1)
Writing dimensions on both sides in terms of
8. Check the correctness of an equation
MLT and simplify
x = ut + ½ at2 by the method of dimensions,
[M0L0T1] = [M0L1T0]x [M0L1T-2]y
where x is the displacement of the body, u is its
velocity, a is acceleration and t is the time = [M0LxT0] [M0LyT-2y]
1 [M0L0T1] = [M0Lx+yT-2y]
Ans: Given equation is x  ut  a t 2 ----> (1)
2
Express the derived quantities in terms of On comparing the power of T, we get,
fundamental quantities and neglect the constants.
-2y = 1  y = -1/2----> (2)
l v l
We have, u  v  and a  
t t tt On comparing the powers of L, we get,
l l
(1) x  t  t2
t tt x + y = 0  x = -y
x=l+l
Write the dimensions on both sides in terms of x = -  1  2
MLT
 [M0 L1 To] = [M0L1T0] + [M0L1T0]
y = 1 2 from (2)

LHS = RHS
From principle of homogeneity, the given x= 1 ----> (3)
2
equation in dimensionally correct.
(2) and (3) in (1)
9. Check the correctness of an equation 1 1
½ mv2 = mgh by the method of dimensions,  T  kl 2 g 2

where m is the mass of the body, v is its

velocity, g is acceleration due to gravity and h is 1 1
T l 2g 2
the height.
1
Ans: Given, mv 2  mgh ----> (1) 1

2 T  l 2
T 
l
1
g 2 g
Express the derived quantities in terms of
fundamental quantities and neglect the constants.
l v l 11. Derive E= 𝟏𝟐 m𝒗𝟐 using dimentional analysis
We have, u  v  and g  a  where E is kinetic energy of body , m mass of
t t tt
2
the body ; v is velocity of the body.
l l Ans : Let E ∝ 𝑚 𝑥 𝑣 𝑦
(1)  m   m h
t tt
E = k 𝑚 𝑥 𝑣 𝑦 -------------->(1)
 where k is constant of proportionality. Ans: Let f ∝ lx Ty mz

Writing the dimensional formula of equation (1). f = 𝒌lx Ty mz-------------> (𝟏)

[M 𝐿2 𝑇 −2 ] = [ M ]x [ 𝐿𝑇 −1 ]y where k is constant of proportionality.

[M 𝐿2 𝑇 −2 ] = [ 𝑀 𝑥 ] [ 𝐿𝑦 𝑇 −𝑦 ] Writing the dimensional formula of equation(1).

Comparing the dimensions of LHS and RHS of [T-1] = [L]x [MLT-2]y [ML-1]z
the equations we get x = 1 y = 2
[T-1] = [Lx] [My Ly T-2y] [Mz L-z]
Substituting the values of x and y in equation (1)
we get [T-1] = [Lx+y-z ] [My+z] [T-2y]

E=k( 12 m𝑣 2 ) Comparing the dimensions of LHS and RHS of

equation we get
Experimentally the value of constant k is found to 1
-1 = -2y ==>y = 2
be 1

∴ E= 12 m𝑣 2 . 0 = y+z substituting for y = 12𝑤𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑡

12. Derive F=mv2/r using dimensional analysis

where F is centripetal force, m is the mass of
0 = 12 + 𝑧 ∴ 𝑧 = −12
the body , v is the velocity , r is the radius of
circular path described by the body. 0=x+y–z
Ans : Let F ∝ 𝑚 𝑥 𝑣 𝑦 𝑟 𝑧 substituting for y =21 and z = - 12 we get
0 = x + 12+ 12
F = k𝑚 𝑥 𝑣 𝑦 𝑟 𝑧 -----------> (1)
x = -1
where k is constant of proportionality. Substituting the values of x,y and z in equation (1)
f = k (l)-1 (T)1/2 (m)-1/2
Writing the dimensional formula of equation(1).
Experimentally the value of constant k is found to
[M L T-2] = [M]x [M0LT-1]y [L]z
be 12
[M L T-2] = [Mx] [Ly+z] [T-y] 𝟏 𝑻
∴f= √ Hence proved.
𝟐𝒍 𝒎
Comparing the dimensions of LHS and RHS of
equation we get 14. Mention the limitations of dimensional
Analysis.
x = 1, y+z = 1 and y = 2. ∴ 𝑧 = −1 Ans: The limitations of dimensional Analysis:
 The method does not give any information
Substituting the values of x,y and z in equation (1)
about the dimensional constant k.
m𝑣 2.  It fails when physical quantity depend on more
F=k 𝑟 then three physical quantities.
 It fails when a physical quantity is the sum or
Experimentally the value of constant k is found to
difference of TWO or more quantities.
be 1
 It fails the derive relationships which involve
m𝑣 2 . trigonometric, logarithmic or exponential
∴𝐹= functions.
𝑟

𝟏 𝐓
13. Derive f =𝟐𝐥 √𝐦 using dimensional analysis (f =
frequency, m = mass/unit length, l =length, T=
tension).
 2. It represents the total It represents the
kinetic energy of average kinetic
THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER molecules of a body energy of
molecules of body

3. It is a cause It is an effect
1. What is thermal energy?
Ans: The total kinetic energy of all the 4. its SI unit is joule(J) its SI unit is kelvin
(K)
molecules of the body is called thermal
8. What is a thermometer?
energy. Ans: The device used to measure
2. Define Heat. temperature is called thermometer.
Ans: Heat is the form of energy which can be
transformed from one body to another body
9. Which property of material is used in
due to difference in temperature. designing thermometers.
Ans: Thermal expansion.
3. What are the effects of heat?
Ans: The following are the effects observed in
10. Name the scales used to measure the
a substance when heat is supplied to it. temperature.
a) Expansion (solids, liquids and gases), Ans: 1) Celsius scale
b) Increase in temperature 2) Fahrenheit scale
c) Decrease in density 3) Kelvin scale
d) Change of state
e) Change in chemical composition etc.
4. Give the SI unit of heat.
Ans: SI unit of heat is joule (J)
5. Give the CGS unit of heat.
Ans: CGS unit of heat is calorie (cal).
 One calorie is defined as the heat energy Scale Ice Steam Number of
required to raise the temperature of one gram point point divisions
of water through 10C.
 1calorie = 4.186joule.
6. Define Temperature. Celsius scale 0oC 100oC 100
Ans: Temperature is the measure of degree of (tc)
hotness or coldness of a body.
 Temperature decides the direction of flow of Fahrenheit 32oF 212oF 180
heat. scale (tF)
7. Distinguish between heat and temperature.
Ans: Kelvin scale 273.15 373.15K 100
(T) K
Sl. Heat Temperature
no 11. Which are the convenient temperature
1. Heat is a transfer of Temperature is a points of water are used normally while
energy between two measure degree of designing thermometer?
Ans : Ice point/ freezing point of water and
systems or a system hotness or
steam point/ boiling point of water.
and its surroundings by Coldness of a
virtue of temperature body. 12. Write the relation between the
difference. temperatrues of different scales.
 Ans: Let tc be the temperature in degree 17. Linear expansion of solids.
Celsius, Ans: It is the increase in the length of the body
when heat is supplied to it.
tF be the temperature in degree Fahrenheit

T be the temperature in kelvin.

Temperatrue on the given scale-ice point


Number of divisions
t c  0 t F  32 T-273
 
100 180 100
18. Define co-efficient of linear expansion of
 T = tc+ 273.15
solids,
Ans: It is defined as the fractional change
13. What is the lowest possible temperature
in length   per unit degree increase in
dl
that can be attained theoretically?  l 
Ans: -273.150C
temperature.
14. What is meant by absolute zero
temperature? 19. Mention an expression for co-efficient
Ans: The lowest temperature -273.150C (or linear expansion of solids and explain the
symbols.
0K) at which the a gas is supposed to have a
Ans: Co-efficient linear expansion,
zero volume (and zero pressure) is called
absolute zero. 𝑙2 − 𝑙1
𝛼=
𝑙1 (𝑡2 − 𝑡1 )

Where l1 is the length of the body at

temperature t1 oC,
l2 is the length of the body at temperature t2
o
C,
dl = (l2  l1) is the increase in length of the
body,
dt = (t2  t1) is the increase temperature.

20. Define thermal stress.

 It is the temperature at which the molecular Ans: Thermal stress is the force per unit area
motion ceases. developed when thermal expansion or
contraction is resisted.
15. Define thermal expansion of solids.
Ans: It is the increase in the dimensions 21. Derive an expression for thermal stress set
of a body when heat is supplied to it. up in the conducting rod when it is heated.
Ans: Consider a rod of length L. Its ends are rigidly
16. Give types of thermal expansion of solids. fixed so that the expansion or contraction is
Ans:1) Linear expansion prevented. Then thermal stress is setup in the
2) Area expansion rod when it is heated. Let dL be the increase
(Or superficial expansion) in length when the increase in temperature is
3) Volume expansion dT.
(Or cubical expansion)
We have,
 longitudinal stress Ans: It is defined as the fractional increase
Young’s modulus =
longitudinal strain in volume per unit rise in temperature.
Longitudinal stress = Y  Longitudinal strain
27. Mention an expression for co-efficient
But longitudinal stress = thermal stress volume expansion of solids and explain the
symbols.
therefore, Ans: Co-efficient volume expansion,
𝑣2 − 𝑣1
Thermal stress= Y× Changein length 𝛾=
𝑣1 (𝑡2 − 𝑡1 )
Originallength

dl
Where v1 is the volume of the body at
Thermal stress = Y  temperature t1 oC
L

Thermal Stress = Y 𝛼dT v2 is the volume of the body at temperature t2

o
C
dL dL
     dT
LdT L dV = (v2v1) is the increase in volume of the
body,
22. Define area expansion.
Ans: It is the increase in the area of the dt = (t2-t1) is the increase in temperature.
body when heat is supplied to it.
28. Draw the graph of coefficient of volume
23. Define coefficient of area expansion. expansion of copper as a function of
Ans: It is defined as the fractional change temperature.
Ans:
in area  dA  per unit rise in temperature.
 A

24. Mention an expression for co-efficient area

expansion of solids and explain the
symbols.
Ans: Coe-efficient area expansion,
A2  A1 dA 1
 
A1  t2  t1  A dt

Where , A1 is the area of the body at

29. Give the relation between 𝛂, 𝛃 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝛄.
temperature t1oC β γ
Ans: α = 2 = 3
A2 is the area of the body at temperature t2 oC,

dA = (A2 –A1) is the increase in area of the

body, 30. Show that 𝛂 ∶ 𝛃 ∶ 𝛄 = 1: 2: 3.
Ans: Consider a cube of each side L0. Its
dt = (t2 – t1) is the increase in temperature. volume V0 = L03. On heating let ∆T be the
increase in its temperature. Area of each face
25. Define Volume expansion of solids.
Ans: It is the increase in the volume of the before heating is A0 = L02 and after heating A
body when heat is supplied to it. = L2.

26. Co-efficient volume expansion of solids. We have L = L0 (1 + α ∆T ) ……(1)

 Squaring on both sides, Ans: i) In laying railway lines a small gap is
left between the iron rails so that rails do not
L2 = L02 (1 + α ∆T )2 bend due to expansion.
A = A0 (1 + 2α ∆T + α2 ∆T2) ii)Space is left between the girders used for
(∵ A = L2 and A0 = L02 ) supporting bridges which allows their
expansion during summer.
Since α is a very small quantity, α2 ∆T2 can be
neglected. iii) The iron ring to be put on the rim of a cart
wheel is always of slightly smaller diameter
A = A0 (1 + 2α ∆T ) ……(2) than that of the wheel, because the rim
expands on heating and on cooling it contracts
Also we have, A = A0 (1 + β ∆T ) ……(3) and grips the wheel firmly.
Comparing eqn (2) and (3) , we get iv) Clock pendulum are made of invar as it is
β = 2α having low value of α which helps clock to
keep correct time in different situations.
Now, cubing eqn (1)
v)Electric wires between two poles are not
L3 = L03 (1 + α ∆T )3 fixed tightly as it allows contraction during
summer.
= L03 (1 + 3α ∆T + 3 α2 ∆T2 + α3 ∆T3)
32. Write a note on thermal expansion of
Since α is very small, neglecting α2 ∆T2 and liquids.
Ans: Compared to solids, liquids undergo
α3 ∆T3 , we get,
higher amount of expansion when heated.
L3 = L03 (1 + 3α ∆T ) Since the liquids have no definite shape, but
have definite volume they possess only
V = V0 (1 + 3α ∆T ) ……….(5) volume expansion. Therefore, in liquids, only
(⸫ V0 = L03 and V = L3 )  (co-efficient of volume expansion) is
considered.
Also, we have V = V0 (1 + γ∆T ) ……….(6)
This is the combination of the expansion of
Comparing eqn (5) and (6) we get, liquid and also the container.

𝛄 = 𝟑𝛂 γreal = γapparent + container

as β = 2α and γ = 3α 33. What is anomalous expansion of water?

Ans: Water contracts on heating between
𝛂 ∶ 𝛃 ∶ 𝛄 = 1: 2: 3 0 C to 4oC and it expands above 4oC. This
o

Note: unusual behavior of water is called anomalous

expansion of water.
 Units of expansion coefficients is 0C-1 or
K-1 34. Explanation of anomalous expansion of
 α ∶ β ∶ γ = 1: 2: 3 or γ = α + β water
Ans: For all other liquids, except water,
volume increases and density decreases as the
31. Mention some applications of thermal
expansion of solids. liquid is heated from its melting point. But
water does not behave like other liquids.
 When a given amount of water is heated from temperature in 0F when the faulty
0oC, its volume decreases and therefore thermometer reads 520 C.
density increases until it reaches 4oC. The (Ans. 1220 F)
volume occupied by a given amount of water  Normal temperature of the human body is
is lowest and its density is highest at 4oC 98.40F. Find the temperature on Celsius
(1000 kg/m3). When the temperature is and absolute scale.(Ans. 36. 880 C, 310.03
increased above 4oC, the volume increases and K)
its density decreases (Like any other liquid).  What is the triple point of water on a
Thus, water contracts on heating between Fahrenheit scale? What is the absolute zero
0 C to 4oC and it expands above 4oC. This
o
on this scale? (Ans. 32.0180F, -4590F)
phenomenon is called anomalous expansion of  The pressure of air in the bulb of constant
water. volume air thermometer is 75 cm of
mercury at 00C, 100 cm at 1000C and 80
cm at the room temperature. Calculate the
room temperature. (Ans. 200 C)
 At what temperature is the Fahrenheit
scale reading equal to twice of Celsius scale
reading? (Ans. 1600 C or 3200 F)
 A large steel wheel is to be fitted on to a
Fig: Variation of volume of water with increase in
shaft of the same material. At 27 °C, the
temperature.
outer diameter of the shaft is 8.70 cm and
the diameter of the central hole in the
wheel is 8.69 cm. The shaft is cooled using
‘dry ice’. At what temperature of the shaft
does the wheel slip on the shaft? Assume
coefficient of linear expansion of the steel
to be constant over the required
temperature range : α of steel = 1.20 x 10 -5
K-1.(Ans: -68.8 0C)
Fig: Variation of density of water with increase in  A hole is drilled in a copper sheet. The
temperature. diameter of the hole is 4.24 cm at 27.0
°C.What is the change in the diameter of the
35. Give the significance of anomalous hole when the sheet is heated to 227
expansion of water.
Ans: In winter when water in lakes, ponds, °C?Coefficient of linear expansion of copper
rivers freezes at 40 C the density decreases and = 1.70 x 10-5 K-1.(Ans: 1.44 x 10-2 cm)
ice starts floating on water which helps as  A brass wire 1.8 m long at 27 °C is held taut
insulation for the further freeze. Water below with little tension between two rigid
ice layer remains as water and helps the animal supports. If the wire is cooled to a
and plant life inside it. temperature of –39 °C, what is the tension
developed in the wire, if its diameter is

PROBLEMS 2.0mm ? Co-efficient of linear expansion of

brass = 2.0 x 10-5 K-1; Young’s modulus of
brass = 0.91 x 1011 Pa.(Ans: 3.77 x 102N )
 A faulty thermometer reads 50 C in melting
ice and 990C in steam. Find the correct
 SHARNBASVESHWAR
Residential Composite P.U. College, Kalaburagi
P.U.C. I Year – MODEL QUESTION PAPER – JULY – 2024
Time : 1.5 Hrs. Sub: PHYSICS Marks : 35
General Instructions:
1. All parts are compulsory.
2. Part – A questions have to be answered in the first two pages of the answer-booklet. For Part – A
questions, first written-answer will be considered for awarding marks.
3. Answers without relevant diagram / figure / circuit wherever necessary will not carry any marks.
4. Direct answers to the numerical problems without detailed solutions will not carry any marks.

PART – A
I. Pick the correct option among the four given options for ALL of the
following questions: 5×1=5
1. Light year is a unit of
(a) Time (b) Mass (c) Distance (d) Energy

2. Density of wood is 0.5 gm / cc in the CGS system of units. The corresponding value in
MKS units is
(a) 500 (b) 5 (c) 0.5 (d) 5000

3. On which of the following scales of temperature, the temperature is never negative

(a) Celsius (b) Fahrenheit (c) Reaumur (d) Kelvin

4. A bar of iron is 10 cm at 20°C. At 19°C it will be ( of iron = 11  10–6/°C)

(a) 11  10–6 cm longer (b) 11  10–6 cm shorter
(c) 11  10–5 cm shorter (d) 11  10–5 cm longer

5. Water has maximum density at

(a) 0°C (b) 32°F (c) – 4°C (d) 4°C

II. Fill in the blanks by choosing appropriate answer given in the brackets for
ALL the following questions: (SI, -400C, Length, Area) 3×1=3
6. Which of the following system of units is not based on units of mass, length and time
alone_____
7. At what temperature the centigrade (Celsius) and Fahrenheit, readings are the
same_____
8. When a rod is heated but prevented from expanding, the stress developed is
independent of______
 PART – B
III. Answer any THREE of the following questions: 3×2=6
9. What are fundamental quantities?
10. Write any two applications of dimensional analysis.
11. Distinguish between heat and temperature.
12. Give types of thermal expansion of solids.

PART – C
IV. Answer any TWO of the following questions: 2×3=6
13. Explanation of anomalous expansion of water
1
14. Derive v = for an ideal gas
T
15. Mention the limitations of dimensional Analysis.
16. Define a) Absolute error b) Relative error c) Percentage error.
PART – D
V. Answer any TWO of the following questions: 2×5=10
17. State the rules for counting number of significant figures in measured quantity.
18. Check the correctness of equation v = u + at.
19. Show that α ∶ β ∶ γ = 1: 2: 3.
VI. Answer any ONE of the following questions: 1×5=5
20. A faulty thermometer reads 50 C in melting ice and 990C in steam. Find the correct
temperature in 0F when the faulty thermometer reads 520 C.

21. The period (T) of a simple pendulum depends on the length (l) of the simple
pendulum and the acceleration due to gravity (g) at a place. Obtain an expression for
(T) by the method of dimensions.

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