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Binary and IP Address

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prince buckman
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21 views7 pages

Binary and IP Address

Uploaded by

prince buckman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BINARY

It is in the form of 0s and 1s.


E. g. 01101110, 10011101, 11100110, 01101111

Each of the value of the binary is a bit


E.g. 01101110
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit

8 bits = 1 byte
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
1 byte

Half of 1 byte/ 4 bits = A nibble


0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
Nibble Nibble
CONVERTING DECIMAL TO HEXADECIMAL
In Hexadecimal, it is made up of 16 characters
16 characters is made up of both alphanumeric thus alphabets and
numbers
0 - 9 = Numbers
10 - 15 = Alphabets

Hexadecimal uses a 4 bits chart


Formula = 20 till 23
23 22 21 20

20 --> 1 x 1 = 1
21 --> 2 x 1 = 2
22 --> 2 x 2 = 4
23 --> 2 x 2 x 2 =8

HEXADECIMAL
23 22 21 20
8 4 2 1

8 + 4 = 12
8 + 4 + 2 =14
8 + 4 + 2 +1 = 15
Do note that IN THE CHART, anywhere you see 1, it means it is on.
If you see 0, then it means it is off.

8 + 4 = 12
8 + 4 + 2 =14
8 + 4 + 2 +1 = 15

HEXADECIMAL
23 22 21 20 DECIMAL
8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 0 2
0 0 1 1 3
0 1 0 0 4
0 1 0 1 5
0 1 1 0 6
0 1 1 1 7
1 0 0 0 8
1 0 0 1 9
1 0 1 0 A (10)
1 0 1 1 B (11)
1 1 0 0 C (12)
1 1 0 1 D (13)
1 1 1 0 E (14)
1 1 1 1 F (15)
CONVERTING DECIMAL TO BINARY

Binary uses an 8 bits chart


Formula = 20 till 27

BINARY
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20

20 --> 1 x 1 = 1
21 --> 2 x 1 = 2
22 --> 2 x 2 = 4
23 --> 2 x 2 x 2 =8
24 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16
25 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32
26 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64
27 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 128

BINARY
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Do note that IN THE CHART, anywhere you see 1, it means it is on.


If you see 0, then it means it is off.

20 --> 1 x 1 = 1
21 --> 2 x 1 = 2
22 --> 2 x 2 = 4
23 --> 2 x 2 x 2 =8
24 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16
25 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32
26 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64
27 --> 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 128

BINARY
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 DECIMAL
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 250
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 130
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255
IP ADDRESS
There are two main type of IP Address
 Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)
 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)

We will be looking at the IPv4 since that is what is currently mostly used
as at now.

Below are some examples of IPv4 address;


SOME IPv4 ADDRESS EXAMPLES
192.168.2.1 192.168.10.20 10.15.8.1 172.9.254.220

IPv4 address is divided into four parts with each of the parts called an
octet.
IPv4 ADDRESS OCTETS
192.168.2.1 192.168.10.20 10.15.8.1 172.9.254.220
0.0.2.0 255.255.255.255

IPv4 address ranges from 0 to 255 based on the network size.


The range of IPv4 has been categorized as classes based on how big the
network is and below is a summary of it
CLASS RANGE SUBNET DESCRIPTION
MASK
A 0-127 255.0.0.0 For bigger
networks
1-126
B 128-191 255.255.0.0 For medium size
networks
C 192-223 255.255.255.0 For smaller
networks
D 224-239 Reserved for
multicast
E 240-255 Reserved for
research

ANOTHER WAY TO DETERMINE IPv4 ADDRESS CLASS


27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
IPv4 is made-up of 32 bits when all octets are turned on.
E.g. 255.255.255.255
BINARY
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 DECIMAL
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

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