Unit 1

2 marks

Enumerate any four types of robot language.

How does the approach of lead-through programming offer distinct advantages and superior
outcomes when compared to the traditional manual programming methods?

What are the two primary methods of robot programming?

How do different operating modes in robotic programming shape robotic behaviors and
capabilities?

How does the incorporation of an operating system impact robotic programming?

How does the structure of a robot programming language reflect the nature of robotic tasks?

List out online robot programming methods.

What are the challenges in programming robots for real-world applications?

8 marks

Explain in detail the robot language structure and motion commands used.

How can you critically analyze the intricate strengths and potential constraints of using lead
through programming techniques?

Differentiate between online and offline programming.

How does the teach pendant intricately communicate with the robot, enabling us to control its
movements with such precision?

Design a robot programming framework that incorporates efficient use of motion commands
and sensor inputs for high-speed operations.

Explain the different methods of robot programming with examples.

Explain how robot programming languages are developed, highlighting the interplay of
creativity, technological advancements, and collaborative efforts that contribute to their
creation.

Explain the lead-through programming method in detail

Interpret the reason behind defining point in space in robot programming

How can you differentiate the unique strengths of diverse programming languages in robot
programming?
 Unit 2

2 marks

List any four relational operators involved in Robot programming.

How significantly do relational operators impact the complexities of robot programming?

What is the role of end effectors in robotic tasks?

What are the primary functions of monitor commands in VAL?

Differentiate irregular and smooth motions.

How significantly do relational operators impact the complexities of robot programming?

8 marks

Explain the role of motion commands in robot programming and provide examples of their
application in controlling a robot's movement in manufacturing.

Design a robot programming framework that incorporates efficient use of motion commands
and sensor inputs for high-speed operations.

Explain in detail the robot language structure and motion commands used.

Describe the following robot programming language in detail.WAVE and RPL.

Explain the REACT commands for the robot program with examples.

Explain the role of the operating system in a robot programming environment.

Explain the REACT commands for the robot program with examples.

Develop a program in VAL II to command a PUMA robot to pick up a box weighing 5 kg

from a conveyor belt and place it a ton on a shelf. The robot's end-effector has a gripper for
handling the box. The robot's maximum speed is 30 in/s, but it should slow down to 10 inches
when approaching the conveyor belt or the shelf. Ensure that the robot accounts for the
weight of the box during the lifting and placing operations.

Write a program for the palletizing operation. The robot must pick up parts from an incoming
chute and deposit them onto a pallet. The pallet has four rows that are 50mm apart and six
columns that are 40mm apart. The pallet plane is assumed to be the XY plane. The row of the
pallet is parallel to the X axis, and the column of the pallet is parallel to the Y axis. The
objects to be picked up are about 25mm tall.

Write a program for a palletizing operation where the robot picks up items from an incoming
conveyor and places them onto a pallet. The pallet is arranged with five rows, each 60mm
apart, and seven columns, each 50mm apart. The pallet lies in the XY plane, with rows
parallel to the X axis and columns parallel to the Y axis. The items to be picked up are
approximately 30mm tall. How would you design the robot’s program to complete this task?

In an advanced robotic system, your responsibility is to program in a high-stakes competition

demanding precision and efficiency. Could you comprehensively explore sensor commands,
offering intricate examples that showcase their meticulous utilization to optimize the robot's
performance and gain a competitive edge?

Using a pen mounted in the robot's end effector, program the robot to write R and V initials
in large rectangular letters (about 6 inches high) on a sheet of paper attached to the surface of
the worktable.

Unit 3

2 marks

List the commands in the VAL program for monitoring the operation.

Write a simple code to open the servo gripper to 100mm and close it immediately to 50mm.

What is the function of hand control in VAL?

How would you apply AML for sensor-based robotic control?

Write a short note on VAL

8 marks

Illustrate the subroutine commands for the robot program with examples.

Design an VAL program that can process real-time data for an autonomous robot to perform
precision tasks.

Discuss any two weld instructions for welding operation in VAL language.

Describe the commands in the VAL program for monitoring the operation.

Explain program control, interlock commands, and I/O controls

Describe the function of i/p and o/p for communicating information to the operator and other
digital and analogue devices.

Explain the concept of configuration control in robotics.

Write a program to weld three rectangular steel plates into a partial box. The three steel plates
are fixtured together in preparation for the welding operation. The continuous welds must be
made along the three joints, as indicated in Fig. All three joints can be assumed to involve
straight-line welding. The welding torch must be held at an angle of 45° to provide an even
deposition of the welding rod into the seam.
A robot is programmed to unload parts from one pallet and load them onto another. The parts
are located on the unload pallet in a three-by-four pattern in a known fixed position, 40mm
apart in both directions. The two directions of the pallet are assumed to be parallel to the
robot's x and y world coordinate axes. The part will be placed on the loaded pallet in a two-
by-six pattern, 40mm apart in both directions. The two directions of the load pallet are at an
orientation of 30deg to the robot's x and y world coordinate axis system. Sketch the
workstation setup before you begin programming.

The robot is programmed to unload parts from one conveyor and load them onto another. The
parts are located on the unload conveyor in a 2 by 3 pattern in known fixed positions, 25 mm
apart in both directions. The two directions of the conveyor are assumed to be parallel to the
robot's x and word coordinates axes. The parts will be placed on the loaded conveyor in a 2
by 4 pattern, 20 mm apart in both directions. The two directions of the conveyor are again
assumed to be parallel to the robot's x and y world coordinate axes. Sketch the workstation
setup before you begin programming.

Two plates of 5mm thickness are to be welded with a square butt joint. The welding is
straight weld. The welding torch should start from position A, move to B, continue with
continuous arc welding along BC in a straight line, and then move to position D. Write a
VAL program in world coordinates.

Unit 4

2 marks

Identify syntax for calculation subroutines.

State purpose for DEFIO, SENSIO commands in AML language.

What are the basic elements and functions of the AML language?

Compare and contrast the features of AML and RAIL, considering their suitability for
different types of robotic applications.

Name some features of RAIL.

Why is data cleaning is essential before data processing?

8 marks

Summarize the capabilities of AML Language in interfacing with peripherals.

Explain the robot motion and learn statement in detail.

Explain the elements and functions of AML language.

Describe the input/output control system in RAIL and its impact on robot operation.

Discuss the role of motion statements and learn statements in RAIL programming.

Explain the three types of robot motion in RAIL language

Create an RAIL program for welding two 10 mm thick plates with a square butt joint using a
straight weld. The welding torch should initiate at point A, traverse to point B, perform
continuous arc welding along line BC and conclude by moving to point D.

A robot loads and unloads parts in an inspection machine, which grades the parts into three
categories: Excellent, acceptable, and unacceptable. The robot must SIGNAL to the machine
that the part has been loaded, and the machine will signal back that the inspection process has
been completed. It must also indicate to the robot which of three quality categories applies to
each part inspected. Write a robot program to accomplish this procedure. Also, a computation
algorithm should be included in the program to count the number and proportion of parts in
each category. These values should be printed out after each production run of 10,000 parts.
(Use AML Language only)

Develop a robot program to pick up parts from a conveyor and place them onto a pallet
positioned approximately 12 inches from the pickup point. A mechanical stop on the
conveyor ensures that the parts are positioned in a known location for pickup. The parts are
arranged in a 3 by 4 grid, with 40mm spacing in both the X and Y directions. The X and Y
directions correspond to the robot’s world coordinate axes.(use RAIL Commands)

You are a team manager at a state-of-the-art electric vehicle manufacturing company. Your
team is responsible for developing a cutting-edge robotic system to apply a specialized, heat-
resistant coating to critical motor components of commercial EV. The success of this project
is vital to ensuring the safety and performance of these EV. In this complex electric vehicle
manufacturing scenario, can you provide a detailed plan outlining the key considerations and
steps involved in implementing a robotic spray coating system, addressing factors such as
precision, environmental control, quality assurance, and maintenance to meet the stringent
safety and performance requirements of the motor components?

Design a robot program to manage the loading and unloading of parts in an inspection
machine. The program should:

1. Signal the machine when a part is loaded.

2. Wait for the machine to confirm that the inspection is complete.

3. Receive and record the quality for each part.

4. Include a computation algorithm to count and calculate the proportion of parts in each
quality category.
5. Print the counts and proportions of each category after every 10,000 parts are
processed.

Unit 5

2 marks

Write any two applications of tele-operated robots.

Select the type of robot and end effector to grip the cylindrical workpiece and insert it into
the lathe chuck.

What are the key differences between single-pass and multi-pass welding?

Why is obstacle avoidance critical in teleoperated robots?

Name few vision sensors use in automated welding bots

How tele operated robots functionally differ from other robots?

8 marks

Explain the technical considerations in robot arc welding applications.

Describe the process of programming spray painting robots. Explain with example.

Discuss the function of the vision system in tracking the seam in the arc welding operation.

Discuss the role of computer vision in robotic welding and how it enhances precision and
efficiency.

Propose a programming solution for a spray-painting robot that ensures uniform coverage
across complex surfaces.

Give a short notes on the automated single pass welding robot.

Write a short notes on the automated multi pass welding robot.

A vertical hollow cylinder must be welded to a horizontal hollow cylinder at a right angle.
This setup is CO2 MIG welding interfaced with a robot controller. Identify general
considerations and write a program with a neat sketch to explain.

In developing an autonomous robot for a warehouse with a maze-like, rectangular layout,

where the robot's primary task is transporting goods from one end of the warehouse to the
other, what obstacle avoidance technology or methods would you recommend for this
application, and why?

How do sensors play a crucial role in ensuring precise and safe welding of electric vehicle
frames? Provide specific examples of sensor types and their applications in this context.

Consider you're working as a robotics engineer at a cutting-edge automation industry. The

robots are responsible for welding the frames of control panels. Precision and safety are
critical in this application. Could you explain the significance of sensors in this context and
provide a programming example of how these sensors are utilized to ensure precise welding
of control panels while maintaining safety standards?

Develop a robot for pick and place a cargo using RF ID on product selling company
warehouse in horizontal and vertical rails by using a suitable algorithm and sensors to avoid
the accident between the bots and other objects.