MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2005 Certified)

SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

Important Instructions to examiners:

1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model
answer scheme.
2) The model answer and the answer written by candidate may vary but the examiner may try to
assess the understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more Importance
(Not applicable for subject English and Communication Skills).
4) While assessing figures, examiner may give credit for principal components indicated in the
figure. The figures drawn by candidate and model answer may vary. The examiner may give
credit for any equivalent figure drawn.
5) Credits may be given step wise for numerical problems. In some cases, the assumed constant
values may vary and there may be some difference in the candidate’s answers and model
answer.
6) In case of some questions credit may be given by judgement on part of examiner of relevant
answer based on candidate’s understanding.
7) For programming language papers, credit may be given to any other program based on
equivalent concept.

Q. Sub Answer Marking

No Q.N. Scheme
.
1. Attempt any FIVE of the following: 10
a) List any eight features of Java. 2M
Ans. Features of Java:
1. Data Abstraction and Encapsulation
2. Inheritance
3. Polymorphism
4. Platform independence Any
5. Portability eight
6. Robust features
7. Supports multithreading 2M
8. Supports distributed applications
9. Secure
10. Architectural neutral
11. Dynamic
b) State use of finalize( ) method with its syntax. 2M
Ans. Use of finalize( ):
Sometimes an object will need to perform some action when it is

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

destroyed..
Syntax:
protected void finalize() {
Use 1M
}

Syntax
1M
c) Name the wrapper class methods for the following: 2M
(i) To convert string objects to primitive int.
(ii) To convert primitive int to string objects.
Ans. (i) To convert string objects to primitive int:
String str=”5”;
int value = Integer.parseInt(str); 1M for
each
(ii) To convert primitive int to string objects: method
int value=5;
String str=Integer.toString(value);
d) List the types of inheritances in Java. 2M
(Note: Any four types shall be considered)
Ans. Types of inheritances in Java:
i. Single level inheritance Any
ii. Multilevel inheritance four
iii. Hierarchical inheritance types
iv. Multiple inheritance ½M
v. Hybrid inheritance each

e) Write the syntax of try-catch-finally blocks. 2M

Ans. try{
//Statements to be monitored for any exception
} catch(ThrowableInstance1 obj) { Correct
//Statements to execute if this type of exception occurs syntax
} catch(ThrowableInstance2 obj2) { 2M
//Statements
}finally{

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

//Statements which should be executed even if any exception happens

}
f) Give the syntax of < param > tag to pass parameters to an applet. 2M
Ans.
Syntax:
<param name=”name” value=”value”> Correct
syntax
Example: 2M
<param name=”color” value=”red”>

g) Define stream class. List its types. 2M

Ans. Definition of stream class:
An I/O Stream represents an input source or an output destination. A
stream can represent many different kinds of sources
Definitio
Types of stream classes:
n 1M
i. Byte stream classes
Character stream classes.

Types
1M

2. Attempt any THREE of the following: 12

a) Explain the concept of platform independence and portability 4M
with respect to Java language.
(Note: Any other relevant diagram shall be considered).
Ans. Java is a platform independent language. This is possible because
when a java program is compiled, an intermediate code called the
byte code is obtained rather than the machine code. Byte code is a
highly optimized set of instructions designed to be executed by the Explana
JVM which is the interpreter for the byte code. tion 3M

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

Diagram
1M

b) Explain the types of constructors in Java with suitable example. 4M

(Note: Any two types shall be considered).
Ans. Constructors are used to initialize an object as soon as it is created.
Every time an object is created using the ‘new’ keyword, a
constructor is invoked. If no constructor is defined in a class, java
compiler creates a default constructor. Constructors are similar to
methods but with to differences, constructor has the same name as
that of the class and it does not return any value. Explana
The types of constructors are: tion of
1. Default constructor the two
2. Constructor with no arguments types of
3. Parameterized constructor construc
4. Copy constructor tors 2M

1. Default constructor: Java automatically creates default constructor

if there is no default or parameterized constructor written by user. Example
Default constructor in Java initializes member data variable to default 2M
values (numeric values are initialized as 0, Boolean is initialized as
false and references are initialized as null).
class test1 {
int i;
boolean b;
byte bt;
float ft;
String s;

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

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Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

public static void main(String args[]) {

test1 t = new test1(); // default constructor is called.
System.out.println(t.i);
System.out.println(t.s);
System.out.println(t.b);
System.out.println(t.bt);
System.out.println(t.ft);
}
}
2. Constructor with no arguments: Such constructors does not have
any parameters. All the objects created using this type of constructors
has the same values for its datamembers.
Eg:
class Student {
int roll_no;
String name;
Student() {
roll_no = 50;
name="ABC";
}
void display() {
System.out.println("Roll no is: "+roll_no);
System.out.println("Name is : "+name);
}
public static void main(String a[]) {
Student s = new Student();
s.display();
}
}

3. Parametrized constructor: Such constructor consists of parameters.

Such constructors can be used to create different objects with
datamembers having different values.
class Student {
int roll_no;
String name;
Student(int r, String n) {
roll_no = r;

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

name=n;
}
void display() {
System.out.println("Roll no is: "+roll_no);
System.out.println("Name is : "+name);
}
public static void main(String a[]) {
Student s = new Student(20,"ABC");
s.display();
}
}

4. Copy Constructor : A copy constructor is a constructor that creates

a new object using an existing object of the same class and initializes
each instance variable of newly created object with corresponding
instance variables of the existing object passed as argument. This
constructor takes a single argument whose type is that of the class
containing the constructor.
class Rectangle
{
int length;
int breadth;
Rectangle(int l, int b)
{
length = l;
breadth= b;
}
//copy constructor
Rectangle(Rectangle obj)
{
length = obj.length;
breadth= obj.breadth;
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Rectangle r1= new Rectangle(5,6);
Rectangle r2= new Rectangle(r1);
System.out.println("Area of First Rectangle : "+
(r1.length*r1.breadth));

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

System .out.println("Area of First Second Rectangle : "+

(r1.length*r1.breadth));
}
}
c) Explain the two ways of creating threads in Java. 4M
Ans. Thread is a independent path of execution within a program.
There are two ways to create a thread:
1. By extending the Thread class.
Thread class provide constructors and methods to create and perform 2M
operations on a thread. This class implements the Runnable interfae. each for
explaini
ng of
two
Eg: types
class MyThread extends Thread { with
public void run() { example
for(int i = 1;i<=20;i++) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}
public static void main(String a[]) {
MyThread t = new MyThread();
t.start();
}
}
a. By implementing the runnable interface.
Runnable interface has only on one method- run().
Eg:
class MyThread implements Runnable {
public void run() {
for(int i = 1;i<=20;i++) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}
public static void main(String a[]) {
MyThread m = new MyThread();
Thread t = new Thread(m);
t.start();
}

Page 7 / 23
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

d) Distinguish between Input stream class and output stream class. 4M

Ans.
Sr. Input stream class Output stream class
No.
1 Java application uses an Java application uses an output
input stream to read data stream to write data to a
from a source; destination;. Any
2 It may read from a file, an It may be a write to file, an four
array, peripheral device or array, peripheral device or points
socket socket for input
3 Input stream classes reads Output stream classes writes stream
data as bytes data as bytes class
4 Super class is the abstract Super class is the abstract and
inputStream class OutputStream class output
5 Methods: Methods: stream
public int read() throws public void write(int b) throws class 1M
IOException IOException each
public int available() public void write(byte[] b)
throws IOException throws IOException
public void close() throws public void flush() throws
IOException IOException
public void close() throws
IOException
6 The different subclasses The different sub classes of
of Input Stream are: Output Stream class are:
File Input stream, File Output Stream,
Byte Array Input Stream, Byte Array Output Stream ,
Filter Input Stream, Filter output Stream,
Piped Input Stream, Piped Output Stream,
Object Input Stream, Object Output Stream,
DataInputStream. DataOutputStream

Page 8 / 23
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

3. Attempt any THREE of the following: 12

a) Define a class student with int id and string name as data 4M
members and a method void SetData ( ). Accept and display the
data for five students.
Ans. import java.io.*;
class student
{
int id;
String name;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(System.in));
void SetData() Correct
{ logic 4M
try
{
System.out.println("enter id and name for student");
id=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
name=br.readLine();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{}
}
void display()
{
System.out.println("The id is " + id + " and the name is "+ name);
}
public static void main(String are[])
{
student[] arr;
arr = new student[5];
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
arr[i] = new student();
}
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
arr[i].SetData();
}

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
arr[i].display();
}
}
}
b) Explain dynamic method dispatch in Java with suitable example. 4M
Ans. Dynamic method dispatch is the mechanism by which a call to an
overridden method is resolved at run time, rather than compile time.
 When an overridden method is called through a superclass
reference, Java determines which version (superclass/subclasses) of
that method is to be executed based upon the type of the object being
referred to at the time the call occurs. Thus, this determination is
made at run time.
 At run-time, it depends on the type of the object being referred to
Explana
(not the type of the reference variable) that determines which version
tion 2M
of an overridden method will be executed
 A superclass reference variable can refer to a subclass object. This
is also known as upcasting. Java uses this fact to resolve calls to
overridden methods at run time.
Therefore, if a superclass contains a method that is overridden by a
subclass, then when different types of objects are referred to through
a superclass reference variable, different versions of the method are
executed. Here is an example that illustrates dynamic method
dispatch:
// A Java program to illustrate Dynamic Method
// Dispatch using hierarchical inheritance
class A
{
void m1()
{
System.out.println("Inside A's m1 method");
}
} Example
2M
class B extends A
{
// overriding m1()
void m1()

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

{
System.out.println("Inside B's m1 method");
}
}

class C extends A
{
// overriding m1()
void m1()
{
System.out.println("Inside C's m1 method");
}
}

// Driver class
class Dispatch
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
// object of type A
A a = new A();

// object of type B
B b = new B();

// object of type C
C c = new C();

// obtain a reference of type A

A ref;

// ref refers to an A object

ref = a;

// calling A's version of m1()

ref.m1();

// now ref refers to a B object

ref = b;

Page 11 / 23
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

// calling B's version of m1()

ref.m1();

// now ref refers to a C object

ref = c;

// calling C's version of m1()

ref.m1();
}
}
c) Describe the use of following methods: 4M
(i) Drawoval ( )
(ii) getFont ( )
(iii) drawRect ( )
(iv) getFamily ( )
Ans. (i) Drawoval ( ): Drawing Ellipses and circles: To draw an Ellipses
or circles used drawOval() method can be used.
(ii) getFont ( ): It is a method of Graphics class used to get the font
property
(iii) drawRect ( ): The drawRect() method display an outlined Each
rectangle. method
(iv) getFamily ( ): The getfamily() method Returns the family of the 1M
font.
String family = f.getFamily(); Where f is an object of Font class

Page 12 / 23
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

d) Write a program to count number of words from a text file using 4M

stream classes.
(Note : Any other relevant logic shall be considered)
Ans. import java.io.*;
public class FileWordCount
{
public static void main(String are[]) throws IOException
{
File f1 = new File("input.txt");
int wc=0;
FileReader fr = new FileReader (f1); Correct
int c=0; program
try 4M
{
while(c!=-1)
{
c=fr.read();
if(c==(char)' ')
wc++;
}
System.out.println("Number of words :"+(wc+1));
}
finally
{
if(fr!=null)
fr.close();
}
}
}
4. Attempt any THREE of the following: 12
a) Describe instance Of and dot (.) operators in Java with suitable 4M
example.
Ans. dot (.) operator:
The dot operator, also known as separator or period used to separate a
variable or method from a reference variable

Page 13 / 23
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

Only static variables or methods can be accessed using class name.

Code that is outside the object's class must use an object reference or
expression, followed by the dot (.) operator, followed by a simple
field name.
Example Descript
this.name=”john”; where name is a instance variable referenced by ion and
‘this’ keyword example
c.getdata(); where getdata() is a method invoked on object ‘c’. of each
operator
2M

b) Explain the four access specifiers in Java. 4M

Ans. There are 4 types of java access modifiers:
1. private 2. default 3. Protected 4. public

1) private access modifier: The private access modifier is accessible

only within class. Each
2) default access specifier: If you don’t specify any access control access
specifier, it is default, i.e. it becomes implicit public and it is specifier
accessible within the program. s 1M
3) protected access specifier: The protected access specifier is
accessible within package and outside the package but through
inheritance only.
4) public access specifier: The public access specifier is accessible
everywhere. It has the widest scope among all other modifiers.

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

c) Differentiate between method overloading and method 4M

overriding.
Ans. Sr. Method overloading Method overriding
No.
1 Overloading occurs when Overriding means having two
two or more methods in methods with the same
one class have the same method name and parameters Any
method name but different (i.e., method signature) four
parameters. points
2 In contrast, reference typeThe real object type in the 1M each
determines which run-time, not the reference
overloaded method will be variable's type, determines
used at compile time. which overridden method is
used at runtime
3 Polymorphism not applies Polymorphism applies to
to overloading overriding
4 overloading is a compile- Overriding is a run-time
time concept. concept
d) Differentiate between Java Applet and Java Application (any 4M
four points)
Ans. Sr. Java Applet Java Application
No.
1 Applets run in web pages Applications run on stand-
alone systems.
2 Applets are not full Applications are full featured
featured application programs.
programs. Any
3 Applets are the small Applications are larger four
programs. programs. points
4 Applet starts execution Application starts execution 1M each
with its init(). with its main ().
5 Parameters to the applet Parameters to the application
are given in the HTML are given at the command
file. prompt
6 Applet cannot access the Application can access the
local file system and local file system and
resources resources.
7 Applets are event driven Applications are control
driven.

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

e) Write a program to copy content of one file to another file. 4M

Ans. class fileCopy
{
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException
{
FileInputStream in= new FileInputStream("input.txt");
FileOutputStream out= new FileOutputStream("output.txt");
int c=0; Correct
try logic 2M
{
while(c!=-1)
{
c=in.read(); Correct
out.write(c); Syntax
} 2M
System.out.println("File copied to output.txt. .. ");
}
finally
{
if(in!=null)
in.close();
if(out!=null)
out.close();
}
}
}
5. Attempt any TWO of the following: 12
a) Describe the use of any methods of vector class with their syntax. 6M
(Note: Any method other than this but in vector class shall be
considered for answer).
Ans.  boolean add(Object obj)-Appends the specified element to the
end of this Vector.
 Boolean add(int index,Object obj)-Inserts the specified element at Any 3
the specified position in this Vector. methods
 void addElement(Object obj)-Adds the specified component to with
the end of this vector, increasing its size by one. their use
 int capacity()-Returns the current capacity of this vector. 2M each
 void clear()-Removes all of the elements from this vector.
 Object clone()-Returns a clone of this vector.

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

 boolean contains(Object elem)-Tests if the specified object is a

component in this vector.
 void copyInto(Object[] anArray)-Copies the components of this
vector into the specified array.
 Object firstElement()-Returns the first component (the item at
index 0) of this vector.
 Object elementAt(int index)-Returns the component at the
specified index.
 int indexOf(Object elem)-Searches for the first occurence of the
given argument, testing for equality using the equals method.
 Object lastElement()-Returns the last component of the vector.
 Object insertElementAt(Object obj,int index)-Inserts the specified
object as a component in this vector at the specified index.
 Object remove(int index)-Removes the element at the specified
position in this vector.
 void removeAllElements()-Removes all components from this
vector and sets its size to zero.
b) Explain the concept of Dynamic method dispatch with suitable 6M
example.
Ans. Method overriding is one of the ways in which Java supports Runtime
Polymorphism. Dynamic method dispatch is the mechanism by which
a call to an overridden method is resolved at run time, rather than
compile time.
When an overridden method is called through a superclass reference,
Explana
Java determines which version (superclass/subclasses) of that method
tion 3M
is to be executed based upon the type of the object being referred to at
the time the call occurs. Thus, this determination is made at run time.
At run-time, it depends on the type of the object being referred to (not
the type of the reference variable) that determines which version of
an overridden method will be executed
A superclass reference variable can refer to a subclass object. This is
also known as upcasting. Java uses this fact to resolve calls to
overridden methods at run time.
If a superclass contains a method that is overridden by a subclass,
then when different types of objects are referred to through a
superclass reference variable, different versions of the method are
executed. Here is an example that illustrates dynamic method
dispatch:

Page 17 / 23
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

/ A Java program to illustrate Dynamic Method

// Dispatch using hierarchical inheritance
class A
{
void m1()
{
System.out.println("Inside A's m1 method");
}
}
class B extends A
{
// overriding m1() Example
void m1() 3M
{
System.out.println("Inside B's m1 method");
}
}
class C extends A
{
// overriding m1()
void m1()
{
System.out.println("Inside C's m1 method");
}
}

// Driver class
class Dispatch
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
// object of type A
A a = new A();

// object of type B
B b = new B();

// object of type C
C c = new C();

Page 18 / 23
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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

// obtain a reference of type A

A ref;

// ref refers to an A object

ref = a;

// calling A's version of m1()

ref.m1();

// now ref refers to a B object

ref = b;

// calling B's version of m1()

ref.m1();

// now ref refers to a C object

ref = c;

// calling C's version of m1()

ref.m1();
}
}

Output:
Inside A’s m1 method
Inside B’s m1 method
Inside C’s m1 method
Explanation:
The above program creates one superclass called A and it’s two
subclasses B and C. These subclasses overrides m1( ) method.
1. Inside the main() method in Dispatch class, initially objects of
type A, B, and C are declared.
2. A a = new A(); // object of type A
3. B b = new B(); // object of type B
C c = new C(); // object of type C

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

c) Write a program to create two threads. One thread will display 6M

the numbers from 1 to 50 (ascending order) and other thread will
display numbers from 50 to 1 (descending order).
Ans. class Ascending extends Thread
{
public void run()
{
for(int i=1; i<=15;i++)
{
System.out.println("Ascending Thread : " + i); Creation
} of two
} threads
} 4M

class Descending extends Thread Creating

{ main to
public void run() create
{ and start
for(int i=15; i>0;i--) { objects
System.out.println("Descending Thread : " + i); of 2
} threads:
} 2M
}

public class AscendingDescending Thread

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Ascending a=new Ascending();
a.start();
Descending d=new Descending();
d.start();
}
}
6. Attempt any TWO of the following: 12
a) Explain the command line arguments with suitable example. 6M
Ans. Java Command Line Argument:
The java command-line argument is an argument i.e. passed at the
time of running the java program.

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SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

The arguments passed from the console can be received in the java
class CommandLineExample
{
public static void main(String args[]){
System.out.println("Your first argument is: "+args[0]);
} 4M for
} explanat
compile by > javac CommandLineExample.java ion
run by > java CommandLineExample sonoo

2M for
example

b) Write a program to input name and salary of employee and 6M

throw user defined exception if entered salary is negative.
Ans. import java.io.*;
class NegativeSalaryException extends Exception Extende
{ d
public NegativeSalaryException (String str) Exceptio
{ n class
super(str); with
} construc
} tor 2M
public class S1

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2005 Certified)

SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

Try
{
if(salary<0) Acceptin
throw new NegativeSalaryException("Enter Salary amount g data
isnegative"); 1M
System.out.println("Salary is "+salary);
}
catch (NegativeSalaryException a)
{ Throwin
System.out.println(a); g user
} defining
} Exceptio
} n with
try catch
and
throw
3M

c) Describe the applet life cycle in detail. 6M

Ans.

2M
Diagram

Below is the description of each applet life cycle method:

init(): The init() method is the first method to execute when the
applet is executed. Variable declaration and initialization operations

Page 22 / 23
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2005 Certified)

SUMMER – 2019 EXAMINATION

MODEL ANSWER
Subject: Java Programming Subject Code: 22412

are performed in this method.

start(): The start() method contains the actual code of the applet that 4M
should run. The start() method executes immediately after descripti
the init() method.. on
stop(): The stop() method stops the execution of the applet. The stop()
method executes when the applet is minimized or when moving from
one tab to another in the browser.

destroy(): The destroy() method executes when the applet window is

closed or when the tab containing the webpage is
closed.
paint(): The paint() method is used to redraw the output on the applet
display area.

The method execution sequence when an applet is executed is:

 init()
 start()
 paint()
The method execution sequence when an applet is closed is:
 stop()
 destroy()

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