ADVANCED INSTRUMENTATIONS, INC.

P/N: 4710.01419X01[4710.00227A10]
December 5, 2017.
About This Manual

Statement
The manufacturer owns the intellectual property rights to this manual and also maintains the
contents of this manual as confidential information. This manual is a reference for the operation,
maintenance or cleaning of this product and does not convey any license under the patent rights of
the manufacturer, nor the rights of others.
This manual contains the information protected by copyrights or patents. Reproduction, amendment
or translation of this manual in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of the
manufactureris strictly forbidden.
All information contained in this manual is believed to be correct. The manufacturer shall not be
liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with
the furnishing, performance or use of this manual. The manufacturer does not assume any liability
arising out of any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties.
This manual is based on the maximum configuration and therefore some contents may not apply to
your product.
This manual is subject to change without prior notice and legal obligation.

Manufacturer’s Responsibility
The manufacturer is responsible for the effects on safety, reliability and performance of this product,
only if:
● All installation operations, expansions, changes, modifications and repairs of this product are
conducted by the manufacturer authorized personnel;
● The use or application of the product or the use of parts or accessories is approved by the
manufacturer.
● The electrical installation of the relevant room complies with the applicable national and local
requirements; and
● The product is used in accordance with the instructions for use.

Documentation
The manufacturer provides the documentation consisting of various manuals:
● The basic user manual describes the basic functions and operating procedures of the system.
● The advanced user manual (this manual) provides information about the measurements and
calculations available in each mode.
● Compact Disc (CD) provides the acoustic output data related to the system.
Signal words in this manual are defined as follows. Please understand their meanings clearly before
reading this manual.
Signal Word Meaning

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in

! death or serious injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in

malfunction or damage of the system.

NOTE Indicates precautions or recommendations that should be used in operating the

system.

Indicates a potentially biological hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may

result in disease transmission.

Boldfaced Indicates keys and controls located on the control panel, or on-screen objects
Word such as menu items or keys.

Contact Information
Manufacturer: Advanced Instrumentations, Inc.
6800 NW 77th Ct.
Miami, FL 33166. U.S.A.
Phone: +1 (305) 477-6331
 Contents

1 General Instructions on Measurements ................................................................................1

1.1 Intended Use .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Measurement Accuracy .......................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Measurement Controls ........................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Measurement Menu................................................................................................................ 4
1.5 Measured Result Box ............................................................................................................. 6
1.5.1 Moving A Result .......................................................................................................... 6
1.5.2 Deleting A Result ......................................................................................................... 6
1.5.3 Clearing All Results ..................................................................................................... 6
1.6 Measurement Presets.............................................................................................................. 6

2 Basic Measurements and Calculations ..................................................................................9

2.1 B-Mode Measurements ........................................................................................................ 10
2.1.1 Distance Measurements ............................................................................................. 10
2.1.2 Area Measurements ................................................................................................... 14
2.1.3 Volume Measurements............................................................................................... 19
2.1.4 Angle Measurements ................................................................................................. 21
2.2 M-Mode Measurements ....................................................................................................... 22
2.2.1 Distance Measurement .............................................................................................. 23
2.2.2 Slope Measurement ................................................................................................... 23
2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance Measurement ............................................................................. 24
2.2.4 Distance Ratio Measurement ..................................................................................... 25
2.2.5 Time Measurement .................................................................................................... 26
2.2.6 Heart Rate Measurement ........................................................................................... 26
2.3 Color Flow-Mode Measurements......................................................................................... 27
2.3.1 Doppler Area Measurement ....................................................................................... 27
2.3.2 Color Flow Measurement .......................................................................................... 28
2.3.3 Flow Velocity Measurement ...................................................................................... 29
2.4 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements ................................................................................ 29
2.4.1 Velocity Measurement ............................................................................................... 30
2.4.2 Acceleration Measurement ........................................................................................ 30

IV Advanced User Manual

 2.4.3 Resistivity Index Measurement ................................................................................. 31
2.4.4 Pulsatility Index Measurement .................................................................................. 32
2.4.5 S/D Ratio Measurement ............................................................................................ 33
2.4.6 Auto Trace Measurement ........................................................................................... 34
2.4.7 Manual Trace Measurement ...................................................................................... 35
2.4.8 Time Measurement .................................................................................................... 36
2.4.9 Heart Rate Measurement ........................................................................................... 37
2.5 Elastography Imaging Measurements .................................................................................. 38
2.6 Contrast Imaging Measurements ......................................................................................... 38
2.7 3D/4D Imaging Measurements ............................................................................................ 38

3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations .......................................................................... 39

3.1 2D Mode Measurements ...................................................................................................... 40
3.2 M-Mode Measurement......................................................................................................... 45
3.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements ............................................................................... 46

4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations ....................................................................... 49

4.1 2D-Mode Measurements...................................................................................................... 50
4.1.1 General Measurements .............................................................................................. 50
4.1.2 Multiple Fetus Measurement ..................................................................................... 53
4.1.3 EFW .......................................................................................................................... 54
4.1.4 GA and EDD ............................................................................................................. 54
4.1.5 AFI............................................................................................................................. 55
4.2 M-Mode Measurement......................................................................................................... 56
4.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements ............................................................................... 57

5 Gynecology Measurements and Calculations .................................................................... 61

5.1 2D-Mode Measurements...................................................................................................... 62
5.1.1 Uterus Measurement ................................................................................................. 62
5.1.2 Uterus Artery Measurement ...................................................................................... 63
5.1.3 Ovary Volume Measurement ..................................................................................... 63
5.1.4 Follicle Measurement ................................................................................................ 63
5.1.5 Fibroid Measurement ................................................................................................ 63
5.2 M-Mode Measurements ....................................................................................................... 64
5.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements ............................................................................... 65

6 Abdomen Measurements and Calculations ........................................................................ 67

Contents

6.1 2D-Mode Measurements ...................................................................................................... 68

6.2 M-Mode Measurements .......................................................................................................
I 69
 6.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements ................................................................................ 70

7 Cardiology Measurements and Calculations ......................................................................73

7.1 B-Mode Measurements ........................................................................................................ 74
7.1.1 Left Ventricle .................................................................................................................. 74
7.1.2 Left Atria Volume .................................................................................................................79
7.1.3 Right Atria Volume...............................................................................................................80
7.1.4 Right Ventricle ................................................................................................................ 81
7.1.5 Left Atria Diameter/Aortic Root Diameter ................................................................ 81
7.1.6 Left/Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Diameter ......................................................... 82
7.1.7 Mitral Valve Diameter ............................................................................................... 82
7.1.8 Aortic Valve ...........................................................................................................................83
7.1.9 Main Pulmonary Artery Diameter.............................................................................. 83
7.1.10 Tricuspid Valve Diameter ........................................................................................ 83
7.1.11 Pulmonary Valve Diameter ...................................................................................... 83
7.1.12 Left Ventricle Mass .................................................................................................. 83
7.2 Color Flow-Mode Measurements......................................................................................... 86
7.3 M-Mode Measurements ....................................................................................................... 87
7.3.1 Left Ventricle Evaluation ........................................................................................... 89
7.3.2 TEI Index Calculation................................................................................................ 92
7.4 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements ................................................................................ 93
7.4.1 Aortic Valve ...........................................................................................................................93
7.4.2 Mitral Valve ...........................................................................................................................96
7.4.3 Mitral Valve Motion................................................................................................... 99
7.4.4 Tricuspid Valve .................................................................................................................. 100
7.4.5 Pulmonary Valve................................................................................................................ 102
7.4.6 Pulmonary and Hepatic Veins .......................................................................................... 104

8 Small Parts Measurements and Calculations....................................................................107

8.1 2D-Mode Measurements .................................................................................................... 108
8.2 M-Mode Measurements ..................................................................................................... 109
8.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements .............................................................................. 110
8.4 Elastography Imaging Measurements ................................................................................ 111

9 Urology Measurements and Calculations ..........................................................................113

9.1 2D-Mode Measurements.....................................................................................................114
9.2 M-Mode Measurements ......................................................................................................115
9.3 Spectral-Doppler Mode Measurements ..............................................................................116

10 Pediatrics Measurements and Calculations ....................................................................119

IV Advanced User Manual
 10.1 Hip Joint Angle ................................................................................................................ 120
10.1.1 2D-Semi Auto ........................................................................................................ 120
10.1.2 2D-3Dist ................................................................................................................ 121
10.2 d-D Ratio ......................................................................................................................... 121

11 Measurement Reports ...................................................................................................... 123

11.1 Reviewing the Report ...................................................................................................... 124
11.1.1 Reviewing the Current Report ............................................................................... 124
11.1.2 Reviewing an Archived Report.............................................................................. 125
11.2 Obstetrical Reports........................................................................................................... 126
11.2.1 Fetal Growth Curves.............................................................................................. 126
11.2.2 Anatomical Survey ................................................................................................ 127
11.2.3 Fetus Compare ....................................................................................................... 128
11.2.4 Anatomical Survey ................................................................................................ 129
11.3 Previewing and Printing the Report ................................................................................. 130

Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item...................................................... 131

I
 1 General Instructions
on Measurements
The ultrasound system can assist you with the diagnostic information for clinical diagnostic purposes
provided by the measurement and calculation packages. The measurement display varies with the
exam types and the imaging modes.

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 1 General Instructions on Measurements

1.1 Intended Use

The ultrasound system is a general-purpose ultrasonic imaging instrument intended for use
by a qualified physician for evaluation of Fetal, Abdominal, Pediatric, Small Organ (breast,
testes, thyroid), Cephalic (neonatal and adult), Trans-rectal, Trans-vaginal, Peripheral
Vascular, Cerebral Vascular, Musculo-skeletal (Conventional and Superficial), Cardiac
(pediatric and adult), Trans-esoph.(Cardiac), Laparoscopic, OB/Gyn and Urology.

The ultrasound system also provides the measurement and calculation packages used for
clinical diagnostic purposes.

Contraindication: The ultrasound system is not intended for ophthalmic use or any use
causing the acoustic beam to pass through the eye.

Precautions must be considered in the use of any application. Otherwise, it may result in
! system damage or serious injury.

1.2 Measurement Accuracy

The measurements provided by the system do not define a specific physiologic or
anatomic parameter. Rather, what is provided is a measurement of a physical property such
as distance or velocity for evaluation by the clinician.

NOTE:
For each of the measurements available on the system, the measurement accuracy is
only valid in the ranges shown below. The the following table is provided on the basis
of actual system tests without acoustic beam considerations.

Table 1-1 Measurement Accuracy

Parameter Value Range Error Range

Display depth Max 32.9cm ±3%

Distance 0-31.0cm ±3%

Area Max. ≥855cm2 ±7%

Angle 0.04-179.31º ±3%

Circumference 200cm ±3%

Volume Max. 25000cm3 ±10%

M-Mode time 2,4,6,8s ±1%

Heart Rate 8-1000 beats/min ±3%

Velocity(PW) 0.04-2940 cm/s Angle≤60°, ≤5%

1
 1 General Instructions on Measurements

Parameter Value Range Error Range

Velocity(CW) 0.12-3795 cm/s Angle≤60°, ≤5%

Strain Ratio / Depth≤6cm, ≤20%

1.3 Measurement Controls

OB
1D: 22.5 mm

2D: 24.7 mm
Collection
Distance
Area
Volume
1
Angle

Measurement
2Ponit
Length Trace
2 Line
Ratio (D)
%Sten (D)

Exit

Figure 1-1 Measurement and Calculation Screen

You should be familiar with the following keys before performing a measurement. These
keys on the control panel are described as follows:

Key Description

Calc Press to activate the application-specific measurement and calculation

features.

Trackball Use to select an item on the screen.

Or, use to move the cursor when performing a measurement.

Confirm Key Press to confirm the operation.

Or, press to locate the cursor when performing a measurement.

Clear Press to clear all measurement markers and calculation results from the
screen.

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1 General Instructions on Measurements

Key Description

Caliper Press to activate the basic measurement and calculation features.

● Press it to perform the distance measurement in the 2D (B/CFM/
DPI/TDI)/M/3D/4D mode.
● Or, press it to perform a velocity measurement in the PW/CW mode.

Update ● Press it to switch between measurement markers when performingthe

distance or ellipse measurement.
● Press it to undo the trace when performing the trace measurement.

Report Press to preview the measurement report.

1.4 Measurement Menu

Basic measurements and application-specific measurements are provided by the system.
● Press the Caliper key on the control panel to display the basic measurement menu on
the left side of the monitor and the touch screen respectively.
● Press the Calc key on the control panel to display the application-specific
measurement menu on the left side of the monitor and the touch screen respectively.
The Vascular Measurement menu (as shown in Figure 1-2) is taken as an example in
the following description.

You can operate the measurement menu by using the following two ways,
● Use the trackball to move the cursor to the desired measurement item on the monitor
and press the confirm key to confirm.
● Tap a desired measurement item on the touch screen to start the measurement.

NOTE:
Changes about the measurement menu displayed on the monitor and the touch screen
are stayed synchronized when performing a measurement. Therefore, only operations
performed on the touch screen are detailed in the following chapters.

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 1 General Instructions on Measurements

Applications
Vascular Applicat Exit
Applications
General
OB OB SMP GYN Vascular Abdomen
SMP
Exam Type
GYN
Vascular Cardiac Urology Pediatrics
Abdomen
Cardiac
Urology Measurement
Pediatrics Category Carotid UE Art UE Venous LE Art LE Venous

Category
Carotid TCD
UE Art
UE Venous
LE Art
LE Venous
TCD

Exit

Carotid
Left Vascular Applicat Exit
Collection >>
Lt Subclav A
Lt CCA Measurement
Lt Subclav A Lt CCA Lt Bulb Lt ICA Lt ECA
Lt Bulb Collection
Lt ICA
Lt ECA Lt Vertebral
Lt Vertebral A A

Measurement
Measurement Item
Vessel Diam Vessel Diam Vessel Area %Sten(D) %Sten(A) IMT Post
Vessel Area
%Sten(D)
%Sten(A) IMT Ant
IMT Post
IMT Ant

Exit Side Position Delete Last Function

Left -- Button

Figure 1-2 Measurement Menu

The measurement menu consists of five parts, including exam type, measurement category,
measurement collection, measurement item and function button.

Exam Type
Exam types are listed under Applications.

Click on the monitor or tap Applicat on the touch screen to choose the desired exam type.

Measurement Category and Collection

Measurement categories and collections are listed under the desired exam type.

Each measurement category includes one or more measurement collections.

Measurement Item
Click a measurement item to start the relevant measurement and calculation.

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1 General Instructions on Measurements

The number displayed on the right side of the measurement item indicates the measurement
times you performed during the application-specific measurement.

Function Button
● Click Left on the monitor or tap Side Left on the touch screen to select the
measurement part.
● Choose besides the measurement collection > Dist, Mid or Prox on the monitor,
or tap Position on the touch screen to select the measurement position.
● Choose besides the measurement item > or tap 2D-Ellipse, 2D-Dist or etc. on the
touch screen to select the measurement method.
● Click >> to turn the current menu to the next page.
● Click Delete Last on the touch screen to remove the last measurement marker and
measurement result from the screen, meanwhile the measurement result will be
removed from the measurement report.

This chapter only provides a general instruction on measurement, and performances of the
relevant measurement items are described in the following chapters.

1.5 Measured Result Box

The measurement results appears in the result box after you perform the measurement.

1.5.1 Moving A Result

In the frozen mode, press the Update key on the control panel, move the result box to a
proper position by using the trackball, and press the confirm key on the control panel.

1.5.2 Deleting A Result

Press the Del key on the key panel or tap Delete Last on the touch screen to remove the
last measurement marker and measurement result from the screen, but the measurement
result in the report will be kept.

1.5.3 Clearing All Results

Press the Clear key on the control panel to remove all measurement markers and results
from the screen. However, the results still exist in the measurement report.

1.6 Measurement Presets

You should make the relevant measurement settings on System Setting > Measure menu.
For details, refer to the basic user manual. The recommended settings be made are as
follows.
● Specify relevant measurement parameters and result position

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 1 General Instructions on Measurements

● Specify the measurement items of the auto trace and manual trace in spectral Doppler
mode
● Specify the coefficient of the thyroid volume formula
● Define the shortcut keys for obstetric, gynecological or cardiac measurements
● Specify the measurement formula for obstetric measurements
● Add or delete measurement collections and items, and reorder the list of them

NOTE:
Measurement presets should be made before you perform a measurement. Otherwise,
they will not take effect.

Advanced User Manual 7

This page is intentionally left blank.
 2 Basic Measurements
and Calculations
Basic measurements and calculations mainly refer to the measurements of the ultrasonic image area,
the operation of the measurement menu and measured result box. Generally, basic measurement
results are not saved in the measurement report, but application-specific measurements are composed
of the basic measurements. Basic measurement items and units vary with exam types. The obstetrics
measurement is taken as an example in this chapter.

Basic measurements consist of measurement menus in four modes: B mode, M mode, color flow
mode and Spectral Doppler mode. Some measurements in the Color Flow mode are performed the
same as they are in the B mode. Therefore, operations related to these measurements in the color
flow mode are not detailed in this chapter.

9
2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

2.1 B-Mode Measurements

The basic measurement menu in the B mode is shown in the following figure.

OB Applicat Exit

Distance Area Volume Angle

2Point Length Trace

2 Line Ratio (D) %Sten (D)

Delete Last

Figure 2-1 Basic Measurement Menu in the B Mode

2.1.1 Distance Measurements

Distance measurements in the B mode includes two-point measurement, length trace
measurement, two-line measurement, distance ratio measurement and %stenosis distance
measurement.

2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement

The two-point measurement in the B mode is used to measure the distance between two
points on the image.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel, the system enters the two-point
measurement screen by default, and a marker appears on the screen.

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 2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

2. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the second marker to the desired position.
Press the Update key on the control panel to adjust the fixed marker.
4. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement.
5. Repeat steps 2-4 to perform a new two-point measurement.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

D: 19.9 mm

2.1.1.2 Length Trace Measurement

The length trace measurement in the B mode is used to measure the distance between two
points on the image by using the trackball to trace a line along the target object.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Length Trace on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position, press the confirm key on the control panel to
confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker along the target object by using the trackball.
Press the Update key on the control panel to undo the trace.
5. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

L: 30.5 mm

2.1.1.3 Two-Line Measurement

Two-line measurement in the B mode is used to measure the distance between two parallel
lines on the image.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

1 1

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap 2 Line and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm the first point of the first line and a second marker
appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position to position the second point of the
first line.
Press the Update key on the control panel to adjust the two markers.
5. Press the confirm key to confirm the first line and the third marker appears on the
screen.
6. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the confirm
key to confirm the second line.
7. Repeat steps 3-6 to perform a new measurement.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

D: 4.84 mm

2.1.1.4 Distance Ratio Measurement

The distance ratio measurement in the B mode is used to measure two single distances, and
calculate their ratio.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap Ratio (D) on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the trackball to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm
key on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position and press the confirm key to complete
the first distance measurement.
5. Repeat steps 3-4 to perform the second distance measurement, and the system
automatically calculates the ratio by using the following formula.

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 2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

Calculation Item Formula

Ratio Ratio=D1/D2

Where,
● D1 is the first distance.
● D2 is the second distance.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D1: 15.1 mm
D2: 13.3 mm
D1/D2: 1.14
2.1.1.5 %Stenosis Distance
The %Stenosis distance measurement in the B mode is used to measure the outer and inner
distances and the Stenosis%.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap %Sten (D) on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the trackball to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm
key on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position and press the confirm key to complete
the outer distance measurement.
5. Repeat steps 3-4 to perform the inner distance measurement, and the system
automatically calculates the Stenosis% by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

%Sten %Sten=|D1-D2|/Max(D1,D2)

Where,
● D1 is the outer distance of the stenosis.
● D2 is the inner distance of the stenosis.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D1: 22.8 mm
D2: 17.2 mm
%Sten: 24.68 %

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

2.1.2 Area Measurements

Area measurements in the B mode include trace area measurement, point area
measurement, ellipse area measurement, area ratio measurement and %stenosis area
measurement.

2.1.2.1 Trace Area Measurement

The trace area measurement in the B mode is used to measure circumference and area by
operating the trackball along a blocked area on the image.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Area key on the touch panel, the system starts the trace area measurement by
default, and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker along the target object by using the trackball.
Press the Update key on the control panel to undo the trace.
5. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement.
The measurement results are displayed as follows:

C: 28.5 mm
A: 0.36 cm2

2.1.2.2 Point Area Measurement

The point area measurement in the B mode is used to measure circumference and area by
positioning the points along a blocked area on the image.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

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 2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Area > Point and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm the starting point and a second marker appears on the
screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position along the target object by using the
trackball and press the confirm key.
5. Repeat step 4 to position other points.
Press the Update key on the control panel to delete the last point.
6. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement.
The measurement results are displayed as follows:

C: 28.5 mm
A: 0.36 cm2

2.1.2.3 Ellipse Area Measurement

The ellipse area measurement in the B mode is used to measure the circumference and area
of a blocked area on the image

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Area > Ellipse on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker along the target object by using the trackball.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

5. Move the second marker to the desired position, and press the confirm key to confirm.
The two points fixed above define one axis of the ellipse to be measured.
Press the Update key on the control panel to adjust the fixed points.
6. Adjust the other axis of the ellipse by using the trackball.
Press the Update key to position the ellipse.
7. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement, and the system automatically
calculates the circumference and area by using the following formula.
Calculation Item Formula

C C=π

A A=(π/4)×D1×D2

Where,
● D1 is the first axis distance of ellipse.
● D2 is the second axis distance of ellipse.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D1: 10.6 mm
D2: 21.6 mm
C: 44.3 mm
A: 1.80 cm²

2.1.2.4 Area Ratio Measurement

The area ratio measurement in the B mode is used to measure two ellipse areas, and
calculate their ratio.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap Area > A1/A2 on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position, and press the confirm key to confirm.
The two points fixed above define one axis of the ellipse to be measured.
Press the Update key on the control panel to adjust the fixed points.
5. Adjust the other axis of the ellipse by using the trackball.
Press the Update key to position the ellipse.

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 2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

6. Press the confirm key to complete the first area measurement.

7. Repeat steps 3-6 to perform the second area measurement and the system
automatically calculates the ratio by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

A1 A1=(π/4)×D11×D12
A2 A2=(π/4)×D21×D22
A1/A2 A1/A2= A1/A2

Where,
● D11 is the first axis distance of the first ellipse.
● D12 is the second axis distance of the first ellipse.
● D21 is the first axis distance of the second ellipse.
● D22 is the second axis distance of the second ellipse.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

A1: 0.90 cm2

A2: 0.57 cm2
A1/A2: 1.57
2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area
The %Stenosis area measurement in the B mode is used to measure inner and outer areas
and the %Stenosis area. Ellipse and trace methods are provided for this measurement.

Ellipse Method
Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap Area > %Sten (A) > 2D-Dbl. Ellipse on the touch screen and a marker appears
on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position, and press the confirm key to confirm.
The two points fixed above define one axis of the ellipse to be measured.
Press the Update key on the control panel to adjust the fixed points.
5. Adjust the other axis of the ellipse by using the trackball.
Press the Update key to position the ellipse.
6. Press the confirm key to complete the outer area measurement.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

7. Repeat steps 3-6 to perform the inner area measurement and the system automatically
calculates the %Stenosis area by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

A1 A1=(π/4)×D11×D12

A2 A2=(π/4)×D21×D22

%Sten %Sten=|A1-A2|/Max(A1,A2)

Where,
● D11 is the first axis distance of the first ellipse.
● D12 is the second axis distance of the first ellipse.
● D21 is the first axis distance of the second ellipse.
● D22 is the second axis distance of the second ellipse.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

A1: 0.76 cm2

A2: 0.72 cm2
%Sten: 4.80 %
Trace Method
Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap Area > %Sten(A) > 2D-Dbl. Trace on the touch screen and a marker appears on
the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker along the target object by using the trackball.
Press the Update key on the control panel to undo the trace.
5. Press the confirm key to complete the outer area measurement.
6. Repeat steps 3-5 to perform the inner area measurement and the system automatically
calculates the %Stenosis area.
The measurement results are displayed as follows:

A1: 0.27 cm2

A2: 0.16 cm2
%Sten: 38.22 %

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2.1.3 Volume Measurements

Volume measurements in the B mode include three-distance measurement and
ellipse+distance measurement.

2.1.3.1 Three-Distance Measurement

The three-distance measurement is used to measure the volume of a cuboid shaped object
by measuring the length, height and width.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap Volume on the touch screen, the system starts the three-distance measurement by
default, and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Perform two distance measurements for the length and the width.
4. Rescan an image which is perpendicular to the previous image.
5. Perform a distance measurement for the height and the system automatically
calculates the volume by using the following formula.
Calculation Item Formula

V V= (1/6000)×π×D1×D2×D3

Where,
● D1 is length.
● D2 is width.
● D3 is height.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D1: 6.9 mm
D2: 9.7 mm
D3: 10.7 mm
V: 0.37 cm³
2.1.3.2 Ellipse+Distance Measurement
The ellipse+distance measurement in the B mode is used to measure the volume of an egg
shaped object.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Volume > Ellipse+Dist on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position, and press the confirm key to confirm.
The two points fixed above define one axis of the ellipse.
Press the Update key on the control panel to adjust the fixed points.
5. Adjust the other axis of the ellipse by using the trackball.
Press the Update key to adjust the position of the ellipse.
6. Press the confirm key to confirm.
7. Rescan an image that is perpendicular to the previous image.
8. Perform a distance measurement for the height. The system automatically calculates
the result by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

V V= (1/6)×π×D1×D2×D3

Where,
● D1 is the first axis distance of ellipse.
● D2 is the second axis distance of ellipse.
● D3 is height of the object.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D1: 11.3 mm
D2: 12.4 mm
D3: 10.5 mm
V: 0.78 cm³

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2.1.4 Angle Measurements

Angle measurements in the B mode include three-point angle measurement and two-line
angle measurement.

2.1.4.1 Three-Point Angle Measurement

The three-point angle measurement in the B mode is used to measure the angle by setting
three points on two intersected planes. The range of this angle is 0°-180°.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Angle on the touch screen, the system starts the three-point angle measurement
by default, and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
to confirm and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the
confirm key to confirm and the third marker appears on the screen.
5. Move the third marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm
key to complete the measurement. The system automatically calculates the angle.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

Angle: 37.01o

2.1.4.2 Two-Line Angle Measurement

The two-line angle measurement in the B mode is used to measure the angle between two
lines on two intersected planes. The range of the angle is 0°-180°.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Angle > 2Line on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
to confirm and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired positions.
Press the Update key on the control panel to activate the fixed marker.
5. Press the confirm key to confirm the first line.
6. Repeat steps 3-5 to confirm the second line and the system automatically calculates
the angle.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

Angle: 37.01o

2.2 M-Mode Measurements

OB Applicat Exit

Generic

Distance Slope %Sten (D)

Ratio (D) Time HR

Delete Last

Figure 2-2 Basic Measurement Menu in the M Mode

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2.2.1 Distance Measurement

The distance measurement in the M mode is used to measure the vertical distance between
two points on the image.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

0 0

1 1

2 2

3 3

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel, the system starts the distance measurement
by default, and a marker appears on the screen.
2. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
3. Move the second marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the
confirm key to confirm.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

D: 7.51mm

2.2.2 Slope Measurement

The slope measurement in the M mode is used to measure the change in distance over
time.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

0 0 0

1 1 1

2 2 2

3 3 3

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Slope on the touch screen, and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the
confirm key to confirm. The system automatically calculates the slope by using the
following formula.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

Calculation Item Formula

V V=(D/10)/(T/1000)

Where,
● D is distance.
● T is time.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D: 12.46 mm
T: 500.00 ms
V: 2.49 cm/s
2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance Measurement
The %Stenosis distance measurement in the M mode is used to measure the vertically
inner and outer distances, and calculate the %Stenosis.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap %Sten (D) on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the
confirm key to complete the outer distance measurement.
5. Repeat steps 3-4 to perform the inner distance measurement and the system
automatically calculates the %Stenosis by using the following formula.
Calculation Item Formula
%Sten %Sten=|D1-D2|/Max(D1,D2)

Where,
● D1 is the outer distance of the stenosis.
● D2 is the inner distance of the stenosis.

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The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D1: 22.8 mm
D2: 17.2 mm
%Sten: 24.68 %
2.2.4 Distance Ratio Measurement
The distance ratio measurement in the M mode is used to measure two vertical distances
between two points on the image and calculate their ratio.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Ratio (D) on the touch screen, and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position and press the confirm key to complete
the first distance measurement.
5. Repeat steps 3-4 to perform the second distance measurement and the system
automatically calculate the ratio by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

Ratio Ratio=D1/D2

Where,
● D1 is the first distance.
● D2 is the second distance.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

D1: 15.1 mm
D2: 13.3 mm
D1/D2: 1.14

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

2.2.5 Time Measurement

The time measurement in the M mode is used to measure the a horizontal time interval
between two points on the image.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

0 0

1 1

2 2

3 3

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Time on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the
confirm key to complete the measurement.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

T: 1.46 s

2.2.6 Heart Rate Measurement

The heart rate measurement in the M mode is used to measure the time interval between
heart cycles (the number of heart cycles is less than 10) and calculate the number of
heartbeats per minute.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

0 0

1 1

2 2

3 3

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap HR on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
You can tap HR Cycles on the touch screen to set the heart cycles.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the
confirm key to complete the measurement.

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The measurement result is displayed as follows:

HR: 82 bpm

2.3 Color Flow-Mode Measurements

OB Applicat Exit

Distance Area Volume Angle Color

Doppler Area

Color Flow Flow Velocity

Delete Last

Figure 2-3 Basic Measurement Menu in the Color Flow Mode

General measurements in the color flow mode can be performed the same way as they
are in the B mode. Only the Doppler area measurement, color flow measurement and
flow velocity measurement are described in this section. For other measurements, refer to
Section 2.1 B-Mode Measurements.

2.3.1 Doppler Area Measurement

The Doppler area measurement in the color flow mode is used to measure the
circumference and area of a closed object by operating the trackball along the target object.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

2. Tap Color on the touch screen, and the system starts the Doppler area measurement
by default, and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
4. Move the second marker along the target object.
Press the Update key on the control panel to undo the last trace.
5. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement.
The measurement results are displayed as follows:

C: 31.9 mm
A: 0.42 cm2

2.3.2 Color Flow Measurement

The color flow measurement in the color flow mode is used to estimate the blood flow
volume calculated from the area.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Color > Color Flow on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, and press the confirm
key on the control panel to confirm. At this time, a drifting line appears on the screen,
which is parallel to the ultrasound beam, anchored with a 0°angle.
Rotate the Angle knob on the control panel to make the flow be in the same direction
as the desired flow anchor. The range of the angle is -72° to 72°.
4. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement.
The measurement results are displayed as follows:

Flow Angle: -44

D: 39.88 mm
Vmax: 0.00 cm/s
Vmean: 0.00 cm/s
Vol. V: 0.00 mL/s

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2.3.3 Flow Velocity Measurement

The flow velocity measurement in the color flow mode is used to measure the velocity of
one point at the vascular.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Color > Flow Velocity on the touch screen, and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position, and press the confirm key on control panel to
complete the measurement.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

Vel: 39.10cm/s

2.4 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements

Spectral Doppler-mode measurements are available in the PW/CW mode.

OB Applicat Exit

Generic

Velocity Accel. RI PI S/D

Auto Trace Manual Trace Time HR

Delete Last

Figure 2-4 Basic Measurement Menu in the Spectral Doppler Mode

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

The velocity measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the velocity
and Pressure Gradient (PG) of one point on the Doppler-mode image.

Follow the steps below to perform the measurement.

θ= 38 0

50

cm/s

-50

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Velocity on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the confirm
key on the control panel to complete the measurement.

Calculation Item Formula

PG PG=4×(Vel/100)2

Where,
● Vel is flow velocity.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

Vel: 43.67 cm/s

PG: 0.76 mmHg
2.4.2 Acceleration Measurement
The acceleration measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to calculate the flow
velocity difference in the time interval from two measured flow velocities.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

θ= 38 θ= 38 θ= 38
0 0 0

50 50 50

cm/s cm/s cm/s

-50 -50 -50

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Accel. on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.

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 2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel, and the second marker appears.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position and press the confirm key to confirm.
The system automatically calculates the acceleration by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

Accel Accel=(Vel2-Vel1)/(T/1000)

Where,
● Vel1 is velocity of the start position.
● Vel2 is velocity of the end position.
● T is time.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

Vel1: 33.28 cm/s

Vel2: 65.16 cm/s
T: 85 ms
Accel: 375.16 cm/s2

2.4.3 Resistivity Index Measurement

The resistivity index measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the
peak-systolic and end-diastolic velocities and calculate the resistivity index, the maximum
pressure gradient, and the ratio between the peak systole and end diastole.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

θ=38 θ= 38 θ= 38
0 0 0

50 50 50

cm/s cm/s cm/s

-50 -50 -50

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap RI on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker on the peak systole by using the trackball, press the confirm key on
the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker on the end diastole and press the confirm key to complete the
measurement. The system automatically calculates the results by using the following
formula.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

Calculation Item Formula

RI RI=(PS-ED)/PS
Where,
● PS is peak-systolic velocity.
● ED is end-diastolic velocity.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

PS: 46.16 cm/s

ED: 86.09 cm/s
RI: -0.86
2.4.4 Pulsatility Index Measurement
The pulsatility index measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the
peak-systolic and end-diastolic velocity and calculate the time averaged maximum velocity
and the pulsatility index. Auto trace and manual trace methods are provided for this
measurement.

Manual Trace

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

θ=38 θ=38 θ=38

0 0 0

50 50 50

cm/s cm/s cm/s

-50 -50 -50

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap PI > D-Trace(M) on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to trace the waveform by using the trackball.
You can retrace the waveform by using the trackball to go back the same way.
5. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement and the system automatically
calculates the result by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

TAmax TAmax=(∑Vpeakt)/T
PI PI=(PS-ED)/TAmax

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Where,
● PS is peak-systolic velocity.
● ED is end-diastolic velocity.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

PS: 71.98 cm/s

ED: 66.49 cm/s
TAmax: 63.57 cm/s
PI: 0.03
Auto Trace

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap PI > D-Trace(A) on the control panel and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm
key on the control panel to complete the measurement. The system automatically
calculates the result by using the following formula.

Calculation Item Formula

TAmax TAmax=(∑Vpeakt)/T

PI PI=(PS-ED)/TAmax

Where,
● PS is peak-systolic velocity.
● ED is end-diastolic velocity.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

PS: 71.98 cm/s

ED: 66.49 cm/s
TAmax: 63.57 cm/s
PI: 0.03
2.4.5 S/D Ratio Measurement
The S/D ratio measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the peak-
systolic and end-diastolic velocities and calculate their ratio.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

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2 Basic Measurements and Calculations

θ=38 θ=38 θ=38

0 0 0

50 50 50

cm/s cm/s cm/s

-50 -50 -50

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap S/D on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker on the peak systole by using the trackball, press the confirm key on
the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker on the end diastole and press the confirm key to complete the
measurement. The system automatically calculates the result by using the following
formula.

Calculation Item Formula

S/D S/D= PS/ED

Where,
● PS is peak-systolic velocity.
● ED is end-diastolic velocity.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

PS: 50.53 cm/s

ED: 21.83 cm/s
S/D: 2.31
2.4.6 Auto Trace Measurement
The auto trace measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the velocity,
Pressure Gradient (PG) or other indexes for clinical diagnosis purposes while the system
automatically traces one or more Doppler waveforms.
50

cm/s

Y-axis:
Frequency
-50

X-axis: Time

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Follow the following step to perform the measurement.

Press the Caliper key on the control panel, tap Auto Trace on the touch screen, and the
system automatically completes all measurements.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

PS: 24.48 cm/s

ED: 10.01 cm/s
RI: 0.59
PI: 1.09
S/D: 2.44
AT: 295.00 ms
DT: 255.00 ms
TAmax: 13.31 cm/s
TAmean: 6.65 cm/s
PG: 2.73 mmHg
MG: 2.30 mmHg
VTI: 22.35 cm
HR: 109 bpm

2.4.7 Manual Trace Measurement

The manual trace measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the
velocity, Pressure Gradient (PG) or other indexes for clinical diagnosis purposes by tracing
one or more Doppler waveforms.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.
2. Tap Manual Trace on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker on the minimum end diastole by using the trackball, press the
confirm key on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the
screen.
4. Move the second marker to trace the waveform by using the trackball and then a peak
is automatically marked by the system.
You can retrace the waveform by using the trackball to go back the same way.
5. Move the second marker on the minimum diastole which is one cardiac circle adjacent
to the first marker by using the trackball and press the confirm key to complete the
measurement.

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Calculation Item Formula

S/D S/D=PS/ED

PI PI=(PS-ED)/TAmax

RI RI=(PS-ED)/PS

TAmax TAmax=∑Vpv

TAmean TAmean=∑Vmv

PG PG=4×(PS/100)2

MG

HR HR=60/T

VTI VTI=∑Vpv

Where,
● PS is peak-systolic velocity.
● ED is end-diastolic velocity.
● TAmax is time averaged maximum velocity.
● T is time.

The measurement results are displayed as follows:

PS: 24.48 cm/s

ED: 10.01 cm/s
RI: 0.59
PI: 1.09
S/D: 2.44
AT: 295.00 ms
DT: 255.00 ms
TAmax: 13.31 cm/s
TAmean: 6.65 cm/s
PG: 2.73 mmHg
MG: 2.30 mmHg
VTI: 22.35 cm
HR: 109 bpm

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2.4.8 Time Measurement

The time measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the horizontal time
interval between two points on the image.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

θ=38 0
θ=38 0

50 50

cm/s cm/s

-50 -50

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap Time on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.
4. Move the second marker to the desired position and press the confirm key to complete
the measurement.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

T: 1.46 s

2.4.9 Heart Rate Measurement

The heart rate measurement in the spectral Doppler mode is used to measure the time
interval between cardiac cycles (the number of cardiac cycles is less than 10) and calculate
the number of heartbeats per minute.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

θ=38 0
θ=38 0

50 50

cm/s cm/s

-50 -50

1. Press the Caliper key on the control panel.

2. Tap HR on the touch screen and a marker appears on the screen.
You can select the left or right part of HR Cycles key to set the heart cycles.
3. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball, press the confirm key
on the control panel to confirm, and the second marker appears on the screen.

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4. Move the second marker to the desired position and press the confirm key to complete
the measurement.
The measurement result is displayed as follows:

HR: 82 bpm

2.5 Elastography Imaging Measurements

General measurements of distance, area, volume and angle measurements in the
elastography imaging can be performed the same way as they are in the B mode. For
details, refer to Section 2.1 B-Mode Measurements. For the strain ratio measurement, refer
to Section 8.4 Elastography Imaging Measurements.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Select L741 and small parts as the desired probe and exam type, the system
automatically enters the real-time B mode.
2. Press the Elasto key on the control panel to enter the elastography imaging.
3. Press the Caliper key on the control panel to display the measurement menu.
4. Tap Strain Ratio > Ref 1/ROI 1 to start the measurement.
Measurement Measurement Measurement Method
Collection Item

Strain Ratio Ref 1/ROI 1 1. Tap 2D-Dbl. Trace or 2D-Dbl. Ellipse to set the
Ref 2/ROI 2 measurement method.

Ref 3/ROI 3 2. Select the target lesion (defined as A), and then select the
normal tissue (defined as B) paralleled to A by using the
trace or ellipse method.
3. The system automatically calculates the strain ratio between
A and B. The accuracy of strain ratio is 25%.
For details about 2D-Double Ellipse and 2D-Double Trace
method, refer to Section 2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area.

2.6 Contrast Imaging Measurements

General measurements in the contrast imaging can be performed the same way as they are
in the B mode. For details, refer to Section 2.1 B-Mode Measurements.

2.7 3D/4D Imaging Measurements

General measurements in the frozen 3D/4D mode can be performed the same way as they
are in the B mode. For details, refer to Section 2.1 B-Mode Measurements.

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 3 Vascular Measurements
and Calculations
Vascular measurements and calculations are available in the 2D mode (B/CFM/PDI/TDI), the M
mode and the spectral Doppler mode (PW/CW).

39
3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations

3.1 2D Mode Measurements

Vascular Applicat Exit

Lt Subclav A Lt CCA Lt Bulb Lt ICA Lt ECA

Lt Vertebral A

Vessel Diam Vessel Area %Sten(D) %Steno(A) IMT Post

IMT Ant

Side Position
Delete Last
Left --

Figure 3-1 Vascular Measurement Menu in the 2D Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Vascular and then tap a measurement category, such as Carotid.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Lt Subclav A.
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

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Measurement Measur ement Measurement Measurement Method

Category Collection Item

Carotid Lt(Rt) Subclav A Vessel Diam ● For the v e sse l d i a m e t e r

Vessel Area measurement, refer to Section
Lt(Rt) CCA
2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement.
%Sten(D)
Lt(Rt) Bulb
● For the vessel area measurement, refer to
%Sten(A)
Lt(Rt) ICA Section 2.1.2.1 Trace Area
IMT Post
Lt(Rt) ECA Measurement and Section 2.1.2.3
IMT Ant Ellipse Area Measurement.
Lt(Rt) Vertebral A
● For % S te n o s is d ia m e t e r
UE Art Lt(Rt) Innom A measurement, refer to Section
Lt(Rt) Subclav A 2.1.1.5 %Stenosis Distance.
● For %Stenosis area measurement, refer to
Lt(Rt) Axill A
Section 2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area.
Lt(Rt) Brach A
● Fo r I MT Po st o r I MT An t
Lt(Rt) Rad A measurement, follow the following
steps:
Lt(Rt) Ulnar A
1. Tap IMT Post or IMT Ant under
Lt(Rt) Sup Palm A
one measurement collection and a
Lt(Rt) Deep Palm A marker appears on the screen.

UE Vein Lt(Rt) Innom V 2. Move the marker to the desired

position, press the confirm key to
Lt(Rt) Subclav V confirm, and the second marker
appears on the screen.
Lt(Rt) Int Jugular V
3. Move the second marker to the
Lt(Rt) Axill V desired position and press the
confirm key to confirm the ROI.
Lt(Rt) Ceph V The system automatically calculates
the results.
Lt(Rt) Basilic V

Advanced User Manual 41

3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Measur ement Measurement Measurement Method

Category Collection Item

UE Venous Lt(Rt) Brach V Vessel Diam ● For the v e sse l d i a m e t e r

Vessel Area measurement, refer to Section
Lt(Rt) Med Cub V
2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement.
%Sten(D)
Lt(Rt) Rad V
● For the vessel area measurement, refer to
%Sten(A)
Lt(Rt) Ulnar V Section 2.1.2.1 Trace Area
IMT Post
LE Art Lt(Rt) Com Iliac A Measurement and Section 2.1.2.3
IMT Ant Ellipse Area Measurement.
Lt(Rt) Ext Iliac A
● For % S te n o s is d ia m e t e r
Lt(Rt) Int Iliac A measurement, refer to Section
Lt(Rt) Com Fem A 2.1.1.5 %Stenosis Distance.
● For %Stenosis area measurement, refer to
Lt(Rt) SFA
Section 2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area.
Lt(Rt) PFA
● Fo r I MT Po st o r I MT An t
Lt(Rt) Popl A measurement, follow the following
steps:
Lt(Rt) Ant Tib A
1. Tap IMT Post or IMT Ant under
Lt(Rt) Post Tib A
one measurement collection and a
Lt(Rt) Peron A marker appears on the screen.
Lt(Rt) Dors Ped A 2. Move the marker to the desired
position, press the confirm key to
LE Vein Lt(Rt) IVC
confirm, and the second marker
Lt(Rt) Com Iliac V appears on the screen.
Lt(Rt) Ext Iliac V 3. Move the second marker to the
desired position and press the
Lt(Rt) Int Iliac V
confirm key to confirm the ROI.
Lt(Rt) Com Fem V The system automatically calculates
the results.
Lt(Rt) SFV

42 Advanced User Manual

 3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Measur ement Measurement Measurement Method

Category Collection Item

LE Vein Lt(Rt) PFV Vessel Diam ● For the v e sse l d i a m e t e r

Vessel Area measurement, refer to Section
Lt(Rt) Popl V
2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement.
%Sten(D)
Lt(Rt) Ant Tib V
● For the vessel area measurement, refer to
%Sten(A)
Lt(Rt) Post Tib V Section 2.1.2.1 Trace Area
IMT Post
Lt(Rt) Peron V Measurement and Section 2.1.2.3
IMT Ant Ellipse Area Measurement.
Lt(Rt) GSV Thigh
● For % S te n o s is d ia m e t e r
Lt(Rt) GSV Calf measurement, refer to Section
Lt(Rt) LSV 2.1.1.5 %Stenosis Distance.
● For %Stenosis area measurement, refer to
Section 2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area.
● Fo r I MT Po st o r I MT An t
measurement, follow the following
steps:
1. Tap IMT Post or IMT Ant under
one measurement collection and a
marker appears on the screen.
2. Move the marker to the desired
position, press the confirm key to
confirm, and the second marker
appears on the screen.
3. Move the second marker to the
desired position and press the
confirm key to confirm the ROI.
The system automatically calculates
the results.

Advanced User Manual 43

3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Measur ement Measurement Measurement Method

Category Collection Item

TCD Lt MCA Vessel Diam ● For the v e sse l d i a m e t e r

Vessel Area measurement, refer to Section
Lt ACA
2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement.
%Sten(D)
Lt AComA
● For the vessel area measurement, refer to
%Sten(A)
Lt PCA Section 2.1.2.1 Trace Area
IMT Post
Lt PComA Measurement and Section 2.1.2.3
IMT Ant Ellipse Area Measurement.
Lt ICA
● For % S te n o s is d ia m e t e r
Lt Siphon measurement, refer to Section
Lt Ophthaimic A 2.1.1.5 %Stenosis Distance.
● For %Stenosis area measurement, refer to
Lt Vertebral A
Section 2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area.
Bas A
● Fo r I MT Po st o r I MT An t
measurement, follow the following
steps:
1. Tap IMT Post or IMT Ant under
one measurement collection and a
marker appears on the screen.
2. Move the marker to the desired
position, press the confirm key to
confirm, and the second marker
appears on the screen.
3. Move the second marker to the
desired position and press the
confirm key to confirm the ROI.
The system automatically calculates
the results.

44 Advanced User Manual

 3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations

3.2 M-Mode Measurement

Vascular Applicat Exit

Lt Subclav A Lt CCA Lt Bulb Lt ICA Lt ECA

Lt Vertebral
A

Vessel Diam %Sten(D) Time HR

Side Position
Delete Last
Left --

Figure 3-2 Vascular Measurement in the M-Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Vascular on the touch screen and tap a measurement category, such
as Carotid.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Lt Subclav A.
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement categories and measurement collections in the M mode are the same as
those in the 2D mode, therefore, they are not detailed in this section. Measurement
items of each measurement collection are as shown below.

Measurement Item Measurement Method

Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.2.1 Distance Measurement

%Sten(D) Refer to Section 2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.2.6 Heart Rate Measurement

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3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations

3.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements

Vascular Applicat Exit

Lt Subclav A Lt CCA Lt Bulb Lt ICA Lt ECA

Lt Vertebral A

PS ED RI PI PS,ED,RI,SD

Auto Trace Manual Trace HR Volume Flow

Side Position Delete Last

Left --
Vascular Measurement Menu in the Spectral Doppler Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Vascular on the touch screen and tap a measurement category, such
as Carotid.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Lt Subclav A.
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement categories and measurement collections in the PW/CW mode are the
same as those in the 2D mode, therefore, they are not detailed in this section.
Measurement items of each measurement collection are as shown below.

Measurement Item Measurement Method

Auto Trace Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace Measurement

Manual Trace Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace Measurement

PS Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

ED

RI Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index Measurement

PI Refer to Section 2.4.4 Pulsatility Index Measurement

PS,ED,RI,SD Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index Measurement

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 3 Vascular Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Item Measurement Method

HR Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate Measurement

Volume Flow Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace Measurement and Section
2.4.7 Manual Trace Measurement

Advanced User Manual 47

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 4 Obstetrics Measurements
and Calculations
Obstetrics measurements and calculations are available in the 2D mode (B/CFM/PDI/TDI), the M
mode and the spectral Doppler mode (PW/CW).

49
4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

4.1 2D-Mode Measurements

OB Applicat Exit

Fetal Biometry Early Gest Long Bones Fetal Cranium AFI

Uterus Lt Ovary Umbilical Vein Lt Uterine Art

BPD OFD HC AC
（Handlock） （Jeanty） （Handlock） （Handlock）

FL HL CM Cereb
Vp
（Handlock） （Jeanty） （Nicolaides） （Hill）

Side Fetus
Delete Last
Left A/4

Figure 4-1 Obstetrics Measurement Menu in the 2D Mode

4.1.1 General Measurements

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > OB on the touch screen and tap a measurement category, such as
Fetal Biometry.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

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 4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Measurement Item Measurement Method

Collection

Fetal Biometry BPD Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement
OFD

HC ● For 2D-Trace method, refer to Section

2.1.2.1 Trace Area Measurement.
AC ● For 2D-Ellipse method, refer to Section
2.1.2.3 Ellipse Area Measurement.

Vp Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement
Cereb

FL

HL

CM(Nicolaides)

APAD(Merz)

TAD(CFEF)

TTD(Hansmann)

Early Gest CRL Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement

GS ● 2D-Dist method is used to perform one

distance measurement.
● 2D-Triple Dist method is used to performthree-
distance measurement.
For distance measurement, refer to Section
2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement.

YS Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement
BPD

FL

NT Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement

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4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Measurement Item Measurement Method

Collection

Long Bones HL Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement
RAD

Ulna

TIB

FIB

Clav.

Fetal Cranium Cereb Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement
CM

Va

Vp

BOD

IOD

HEM

c.s.p

NF

NT Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement

AFI Q1 Refer to Section 4.1.5 AFI

Q2

Q3

Q4

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 4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Measurement Item Measurement Method

Collection

Uterus Length Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement
Height

Width

Endo.Thickn.

Cervix Length ● For 2D-Dist method, refer to Section

2.1.1.2 Length Trace Measurement.
● For 2D-Trace method, refer to Section
2.1.1.2 Length Trace Measurement.

Lt(Rt) Ovary Length Refer t o Se c t i on 2.1.1.1 T wo-Point

Measurement
Height

Width

Umbilical Vein Diam

Lt(Rt) Uterine Art

4.1.2 Multiple Fetus Measurement

If Fetus is set to 2, 3 or 4 in the OB tab of the New Patient screen, you can perform
measurements and report multiple fetus developments.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > OB on the touch screen to display the measurement menu.
3. Tap the left or right part of Fetus to identify the fetus to be examined, such as B/4.
4. Perform the measurement.
5. If necessary, repeat step 3-4 to perform the measurement for other fetuses.

NOTE:
• Four fetuses at most can be examined and reported at a time.
• After you change to the next fetus (from B/4 to A/4 for example), any
measurements you performed are recorded and reported for that fetus.
• Any measurement data related to maternal tissues (such as uterus, ovary uterus
artery and so on) are recorded and reported to all fetuses. While, measurement
data related to a single fetus (such as AFI, umbilical cord or other organs) are only
recorded and reported for that fetus.

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4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

• If you have any active measurement or calculation that is not completed when you
change to another fetus, the system cancels the measurement or calculation.

4.1.3 EFW
Estimated Fetal Weight (EFW) is calculated from the obstetrics measurements you
performed.

Multiple EFW formulas are available for the EFW measurement. You can choose System
Setting> Measure > Application > Fetal Weight to select the EFW method and perform
all relevant measurements. For example, if Estimation is set to BPD/AC/FL(Hadlock2),
you should perform measurements of BPD, AC and FL the to obtain the EFW value.

The system automatically calculates the EFW value and displays it in the measured
result box after all the required measurements are completed. If part of measurements
are performed for the second time, the system automatically calculates the EFW value in
accordance with the new measurements.

4.1.4 GA and EDD

Gestational Age (GA) and Expected Date of Deliver (EDD) can be calculated in the
following ways.
● Calculated by Last Menstrual Period (LMP) or In-vitro Fertilization (IVF)
− If Date is set to LMP in the OB tab of the New Patient screen, the system
automatically calculates EDD and GA and displays the results in the measurement
report. The formula is shown below.
GA = current date - LMP
EDD = LMP + 280 days
− If Date is set to IVF in the OB tab of the New Patient screen, the system
automatically calculates EDD and GA and displays the results in the measurement
report. The formula is shown below.
GA = current date - LMP + 14 days
EDD = LMP + 266 days
● Calculated by measurement results
− You can choose System Setting> Measure > Application > CUA to select the
CUA method, and perform all relevant measurements. For example, if CUA is set
to BPD,AC, you should perform the measurements of BPD and AC to obtain the
CUA value.
The system automatically calculates the Composite Ultrasound Age (CUA) and
EDD and displays the results in the measurement report after you perform all the
required measurements.

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 4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

− You can choose System Setting> Measure > Application > New Table to select
the formula for each method, and perform all the relevant measurements.
The system automatically calculates GA and EDD, uses the obtained the GA and
EDD values to calculate the average value of CUA and EDD, and then displays the
results in the measurement report after you perform each required measurements.
● To calculate by EFW
You can choose System Setting> Measure > Application > Age by EFW to select
the method, and perform all the relevant measurements.
The system automatically calculates EFW, uses the EFW value to calculate the GA
and EDD, and then displays the results in the measurement report after you perform
all the required measurements.

The values of GA and EDD calculated above may be slightly different, therefore, you
should make a diagnosis with a clinical analysis.

4.1.5 AFI
Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) requires four measurements for the deepest amniotic fluid
volume in the four quadrants of the uterine cavity divided by the pregnancy line and the
horizontal line of the umbilicus. The system adds these four measurements together to
calculate AFI.

AFI is calculated using the following formula,

4
AFI = / AFIDi
i=1

AFIDi is measured at the Di depth.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > OB > AFI > Q1 on the touch screen to perform a distance
measurement for the first quadrant and the AFI value is displayed in the measured
result box.
3. Rescan to obtain the image for the second quadrant.
4. Tap Q2 to perform a distance measurement for the second quadrant and the AFI value
is displayed in the measured result box.
5. Repeat steps 3-4 to perform a distance measurement for the third and fourth quadrants
respectively, and the final AFI value is displayed.
You can also perform four distance measurements for four quadrants in the quad display
mode one time.

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4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

4.2 M-Mode Measurement

OB Applicat Exit

Generic FHR

Distance Slope Time HR %Sten(D)

Delete Last

Figure 4-2 Obstetrics Measurement Menu in the M Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap a measurement collection, and then a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

General Distance Refer to Section 2.2.1 D istance

Measurement

Slope Refer to Section 2.2.2 Slope Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.2.6 Heart Rate

Measurement

%Sten(D) Refer to Section 2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance

Measurement

FHR FHR Refer to Section 2.2.6 Heart Rate

Measurement
Atrial FHR

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 4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

4.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements

OB Applicat Exit

Ductus Art Ao Lt Carotid Lt MCA

Umbilical Lt Uterine Umbilical Ductus Ven. FHR

Art. Art Vein

PS ED RI PI PS,ED,RI,SD

Manual
Auto Trace HR
Trace

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 4-3 Obstetrics Measurement Menu in the Spectral Doppler Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > OB on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Ductus Art.
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

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4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Ductus Art Auto Trace Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace

Ao Measurement

Lt(Rt) Carotid Manual Trace Refer to Section 2. 4.7 Manual Trace

Lt(Rt) MCA Measurement

Umbilical Art. PS Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

SMA ED
Celiac.A.
RI Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index
Measurement

PI Refer to Section 2.4.4 Pulsatility Index

Measurement

PS,ED,RI,SD Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

Measurement

Lt(Rt) Uterine Art. Auto Trace Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace
Measurement

Manual Trace Refer to Section 2. 4.7 Manual Trace

Measurement

PS Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

ED

RI Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

PI Refer to Section 2.4.4 Pulsatility Index

Measurement

PS,ED,RI,SD Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

Measurement

Volume Flow Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace

Measurement and Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace
Measurement

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 4 Obstetrics Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace

Volume Flow Measurement and Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace
Measurement
Umbilical Vein
TAmax(Time
Averaged Maximum
Velocity)

S ( Ventricular
SystolePeak
Velocity)
Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement
D ( Ventricular
Diastole Peak
Velocity)

a (Lowest Velocity
Ductus Ven. duringAtrial
Systole)

S.a. PLI (Preload Refer to Section 2. 4.7 Manual Trace

Index) Measurement

PVIV (Peak Velocity

Refer to Section 2.4.5 S/D Ratio Measurement
Index Vein)

Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

HR
Measurement

Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

FHR FHR
Measurement

S ( Ventricular
SystolePeak
Velocity)
Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement
D ( Ventricular
Diastole Peak
IVC Velocity)

S.a. PLI (Preload Refer to Section 2. 4.7 Manual Trace

Index) Measurement

PVIV (Peak Velocity

Refer to Section 2.4.5 S/D Ratio Measurement
Index Vein)

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This page is intentionally left blank.
 5 Gynecology Measurements
and Calculations
Gynecology measurements and calculations are available in the 2D mode (B/CFM/PDI/TDI), the M
mode and the spectral Doppler mode (PW/CW).

61
5 Gynecology Measurements and Calculations

5.1 2D-Mode Measurements

GYN Applicat Exit

Uterus Lt Uterine Art. Lt Ovary Lt Follicle Fibroid

Length Height Width

Cervix
Endo.Thickn.
Length

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 5-1 Gynecology Measurement Menu in the 2D Mode

5.1.1 Uterus Measurement

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > GYN > Uterus on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item, such as Length, to start the measurement.

Measurement Item Measurement Method

Length Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement

Height

Width

Endo.Thickn.

Cervix Length ● For 2D- Dist method, refer to 2 . 1. 1 . 1 Two-Point

Measurement.
● For 2D-Trace method, refer to Section 2.1.1.2 Length Trace
Measurement.

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 5 Gynecology Measurements and Calculations

5.1.2 Uterus Artery Measurement

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > GYN > Lt Uterine A on the touch screen.
3. Tap Diam to start the measurement.

Measurement Item Measurement Method

Diam Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point Measurement

5.1.3 Ovary Volume Measurement

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > GYN > Lt Ovary on the touch screen.
3. Perform three distance measurements for the length, height and width, and the system
automatically calculates the volume.

5.1.4 Follicle Measurement

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > GYN > Lt Follicle on the touch screen.
3. Tap Follicle and set the measurement method, such as 2D-Dist, 2D-Dbl. Dist, 2D-
Triple Dist and 2D-Ellipse+Dist.
4. Perform the measurement, and the system automatically calculates the average value
and volume.
− For 2D-Dist method, perform one distance measurement.
− For 2D-Double Dist method, perform two distance measurements.
− For 2D-Triple Dist method, perform three distance measurements.
− For 2D-Ellipse+Dist method, perform ellipse+distance measurements.

5.1.5 Fibroid Measurement

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > GYN > Fibroid on the touch screen.
3. Tap Fibroid and set the measurement method, such as 2D-Dist, 2D-Dbl. Dist and
2D-Triple Dist.

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5 Gynecology Measurements and Calculations

4. Perform the measurement, and the system automatically calculates the average value
and volume.
− For 2D-Dist method, perform one distance measurement.
− For 2D-Double Dist method, perform two distance measurements.
− For 2D-Triple Dist method, perform three distance measurements.

5.2 M-Mode Measurements

GYN Applicat Exit

Lt Ovarian Lt Uterine FHR

Art. Art.

Time

Vessel Diam %Sten(D) HR

Side
Delete Last
Left

Figure 5-2 Gynecology Measurement Menu in the M Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > GYN on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Lt Ovarian Art..
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Ovarian Art. Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.2.1 Distance Measurement
Lt(Rt) Uterine Art. %Sten(D) Refer to Section 2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance
Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.2.6 Heart Rate

Measurement

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 5 Gynecology Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

FHR FHR Refer to Section 2.2.6 Heart Rate

Measurement
Atrial FHR

5.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements

GYN Applicat Exit

Lt Ovarian Lt Uterine Vessel FHR

Art. Art.

PS ED RI PI PS,ED,RI,SD

Auto Trace Manual Trace Time HR

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 5-3 Gynecology Measurement Menu in the Spectral Doppler Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Calc > Applicat > GYN on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Lt Ovarian Art..
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

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5 Gynecology Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Ovarian Art. Auto Trace Re fe r t o Se c t i on 2. 4.6 Aut o Tra c e

Lt(Rt) Uterine Art. Measurement

Vessel Manual Trace Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace

Measurement

PS Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

ED

RI Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

PI Refer to Section 2.4.4 Pulsatility Index

Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time Measurement

Lt(Rt) Ovarian Art. PS,ED,RI,SD Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Lt(Rt) Uterine Art. Measurement

Vessel HR Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

Measurement

FHR FHR Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

Measurement

66 Advanced User Manual

 6 Abdomen Measurements
and Calculations
Abdomen measurements and calculations are available in the 2D mode (B/CFM/PDI/TDI), the M
mode and the spectral Doppler mode (PW/CW).

67
6 Abdomen Measurements and Calculations

6.1 2D-Mode Measurements

Abdomen Applicat Exit

Liver Port.V. Gallbladder Pancreas Spleen

Lt Kidney Lt Renal A Aorta Bladder

Length Height Width

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 6-1 Abdomen Measurement Menu in the 2D Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Abdomen on the touch screen, and tap a measurement collection,
such as Liver.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Liver Length Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Spleen Measurement
Height
Lt(Rt) Kidney
Width
Bladder

Port.V. Portal V.Diam. Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement
Flow Diam.

Gallbladder Length Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement
Width

Wall

CBD

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 6 Abdomen Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Pancreas Duct. Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement
Head

Body

Tail

Lt(Rt) Renal A Vessel Area Refer to Section 2.1.2.3 Ellipse Area

Aorta Measurement

%Sten(A) Refer to Section 2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area

Vessel Diam. Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement

%Sten(D). Refer to Section 2.1.1.5 %Stenosis Distance

Flow Diam Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement

6.2 M-Mode Measurements

Abdomen Applicat Exit

Lt Renal A Aorta

Vessel
%Sten(D) Time HR
Diam

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 6-2 Abdomen Measurement Menu in the M Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Abdomen on the touch screen and tap a measurement collection, such
as Lt Renal A.

Advanced User Manual 69

6 Abdomen Measurements and Calculations

3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Renal A Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.2.1 Distance Measurement

Aorta %Sten(D) Refer to Section 2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance
Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.2.6 Heart Rate

Measurement

6.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements

Abdomen Applicat Exit

Lt Renal A Aorta Port.V.

PS ED RI PI PS,ED,RI,SD

Manual
Auto Trace Time HR Volume Flow
Trace

Side
Delete Last
Left

Figure 6-3 Abdomen Measurement Menu in the Spectral Doppler Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Abdomen on the touch screen and tap a measurement collection, such
as Lt Renal A.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

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Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Renal A Auto Trace R e f e r t o Se c t i o n 2 . 4 . 6 Aut o Tra c e

Aorta Measurement

Manual Trace Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace

Measurement

PS Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

ED

RI Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

PI Refer to Section 2.4.4 Pulsatility Index

Measurement

PS,ED,RI,SD Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

Measurement

Volume Flow R e f e r t o Se c t i o n 2 . 4 . 6 Aut o Tra c e

Measurement and Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace
Measurement

Port.V. Vel. Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time Measurement

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 7 Cardiology Measurements
and Calculations
Cardiology measurements and calculations are available in the B mode, the M mode, the color flow
mode and the spectral Doppler mode (PW/CW).

73
7 Cardiology Measurements and Calculations

7.1 B-Mode Measurements

Cardiac Applicat Exit

Dimensions Volume LV Mass

IVSd IVSs RVOT

LVIDd LVIDs AO ACS

LVPWd LVPWs LA LVOT

Delete Last

Figure 7-1 Cardiology Measurement Menu in the B Mode

7.1.1 Left Ventricle

The left ventricle can be evaluated in the B mode by using the following methods.
● Teichholz
● Simpson
● Area-Length (A-L)

7.1.1.1 Teichholz
This measurement method calculates the LV volume by using the following figure.

IVSTs IVSTd
LVIDs LVIDd

LVPWs LVPWd

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac on the touch screen.
3. Tap Dimensions > IVSd or tap Volume > a measurement item under Teichlozs (LV)
to perform the measurements one by one.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

IVSd Interventricular Septum Diastolic Thickness Refe r t o Se ct ion

2.1.1.1 Two-Point
LVIDd Left Ventricular Internal End Diastolic
Measurement
Dimension

LVPWd Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Diastolic

Thickness

IVSs Interventricular Septum Systolic Thickness

LVIDs Left Ventricular Internal End Systolic Dimension

LVPWs Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Systolic

Thickness

The system automatically calculates the following items in accordance with the
measurement results.

Calculation Item Description Formula

EDV = 7 # LVIDd
3
EDV Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume
(ml) 2.4 + LVIDd

Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume (ml) ESV = 7 # LVIDs

3
ESV
2.4 + LVIDs
SV Stroke Volume (mL) SV = EDV-ESV

FS Fractional shortening FS=(LVIDd-LVIDs)/LVIDd

CO Cardiac Output (Umin) CO = SV×HR

CI Cardiac Index CI = CO/BSA

EF Ejection Fraction EF = SV/EDV

SI Stroke Index SI = SV/BSA

IVS% Interventricular Septum % Thickening IVS%=(IVSs-IVSd)/IVSd

LVPW% Left Ventricular Posterior Wall % LVPW%=(LVPWs-LVPWd)/

Thickening LVPWd

IVS/LVPW Interventricular Septum/LV posterior wall IVS/LVPW=IVSd/LVPWd

thickness

LVM Left Ventricular Mass LVM=0.8×1.04×[(IVSd+LVID

d+LVPWd)3-LVIDd3]+0.6

LVMI Left Ventricular Mass Index LVMI=LVM/BSA

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7.1.1.2 Simpson Method

This measurement method calculates the LV volume by using the orthogonal apical four-
and two-chamber views.

Figure 7-2 Four- and Two- Chamber

● L: the larger LV longitudinal axis length between the four-chamber view and the two-
chamber view.
● D1i: the diameter of the i-th disk of the four-chamber view.
● D2i: the diameter of the i-th disk of the two-chamber view.
● n: the total number of disks.
● h: the height of the i-th disk.

Figure 7-3 i-th Disk

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Volume on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item under Simp(LV) to start the measurement.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

A2Cd Two Chamber View at End Auto Trace

Diastole 1. Use the trackball to position cursor
A2Cs Two Chamber View at End to one side of the circumference of
Systole endocardium, press the confirm key
to confirm.
A4Cd Four Chamber View at End
2. Use the trackball to position cursor
Diastole
to the other side of the circumference
A4Cs Four Chamber View at End of endocardium, press the confirm
Systole key to confirm.
3. Use the trackball to position the
cursor to the apical and press
the con firm key. The system
automatically displays th e
longitudinal axis and you can use the
trackball to adjust it.
4. Press the confirm key to complete
the measurement.
Manual Trace
1. Use the trackball to trace the
circumference of endocardium, you
can press the Update key to modify
the anchor.
2. Press the confirm key to confirm.
The system automatically displays
the longitudinal axis and you can use
the trackball to adjust it.
3. Press the confirm key to complete
the measurement.

After you complete A2Cd, A2Cs, A4Cd and A4Cs measurements, the system automatically
calculates the following items in accordance with the measurement results.

If you only complete part of the measurements, only the completed measurement items are
calculated.

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7 Cardiology Measurements and Calculations

Calculation Item Description Formula

EDV (A4C) L e ft Ve nt ri c ul a r E nd EDV(A4C) = (π/4)×h×∑(A4Cd×A4Cd)

Diastolic Volume (ml)
EDV (A2C) EDV(A2C) = (π/4)×h×∑(A2Cd×A2Cd)

EDV (BP) EDV(BP) = (π/4)×h×∑(A4Cd×A2Cd)

ESV (A4C) L e ft Ve nt ri c ul a r E nd ESV(A4C) = (π/4)×h×∑(A4Cs×A4Cs)

Systolic Volume (ml)
ESV (A2C) ESV(A2C) = (π/4)×h×∑(A2Cs×A2Cs)

ESV (BP) ESV(BP) = (π/4)×h×∑(A4Cs×A2Cs)

SV (A4C) Stroke Volume (ml) SV(A4C) = EDV(A4C)-ESV(A4C)

SV (A2C) SV(A2C) = EDV(A2C)-ESV(A2C)

SV (BP) SV(BP) = EDV(BP)-ESV(BP)

CO (A4C) Cardiac Output (Umin) CO(A4C) = SV(A4C)×HR

CO (A2C) CO(A2C) = SV(A2C)×HR

CO (BP) CO(BP) = SV(BP)×HR

EF (A4C) Ejection Fraction EF(A4C) = SV(A4C)/EDV(A4C)

EF (A2C) EF(A2C) = SV(A2C)/EDV(A2C)

EF (BP) EF(BP) = SV(BP)/EDV(BP)

SI (A4C) Stroke Volume Index SI (A4C) = SV(A4C)/BSA

SI (A2C) SI(A2C) = SV(A2C)/BSA

SI (BP) SI (BP) = SV(BP)/BSA

CI (A4C) Cardiac Index CI(A4C) = CO(A4C)/BSA

CI (A2C) CI(A2C) = CO(A2C)/BSA

CI (BP) CI(BP) = CO(BP)/BSA

7.1.1.3 Area/Length Method

This measurement method calculates the LV volume by measuring the ellipse covering the
longitudinal axis of the left ventricle.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Volume on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item under A-L(LV) to start the measurement.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

LVd Left Ventricular 1. Use the trackball to trace the circumference of

Dimension at End the left ventricle. You can press the Update key
Diastole on control panel to delete the trace and draw the
trace again by using the trackball.
LVs Left Ventricular
Dimension at End 2. Press the confirm key to confirm.
Systole The system automatically displays the
longitudinal axis and you can use the trackball to
adjust it.
3. Press the confirm key to complete the
measurement.

The system automatically calculates the following items in accordance with the
measurement results.

Calculation Item Description Formula

EDV Left Ventricular End Diastolic EDV=(8/3)×(LVd Area2/(LVd Length×π))

Volume (ml)

ESV Left Ventricular End Systolic ESV=(8/3)×(LVs Area2/(LVs Length×π))

Volume (ml)

SV Stroke Volume (mL) SV = EDV-ESV

CO Cardiac Output (Umin) CO = SV×HR

EF Ejection Fraction EF = SV/EDV

SI Stroke Volume Index SI = SV/BSA

CI Cardiac Index CI = CO/BSA

7.1.2 Left Atria Volume

Left atria volume can be measured by using the Simpson method, i.e. using the orthogonal
apical four- and two-chamber views.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Select Applicat > Cardiac > Volume on the control panel.
3. Select a measurement item under Simp(LA) to start the measurement.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

A2Cs Two Chamber View at 1. Use the trackball to trace the circumference
End Systole of the endocardium. You can press the
Update key on control panel to delete the
A4Cs Four Chamber View at
trace and draw the trace again by using the
End Systole
trackball.
2. Press the confirm key to confirm.
The system automatically displays the
longitudinal axis and you can use the
trackball to adjust it.
3. Press the confirm key to complete the
measurement.

After you complete A2Cs and A4Cs measurements, the system automatically calculates the
following items in accordance with the measurement results.

If you only complete part of the measurements, only the completed measurement items are
calculated.

Calculation Item Description Formula

LA ESV (A4C) Left Atria End Systolic LA ESV(A4C)=(π/4)×h×∑(A4Cs×A4Cs)

Volume (ml)
LA ESV (A2C) LA ESV(A2C)=(π/4)×h×∑(A2Cs×A2Cs)

LA ESV (BP) LA ESV(BP)=(π/4)×h×∑(A4Cs×A2Cs)

7.1.3 Right Atria Volume

Right atria volume can be measured by using Simpson method, i.e. using the apical four-
chamber views.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Volume on the touch screen.
3. Tap A4Cs under Simp(RA) to start the measurement.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

A4Cs Four Chamber View at 1. Use the trackball to trace the circumference
End Systole of the endocardium. You can press the
Update key on control panel to delete the
trace and draw the trace again by using the
trackball.
2. Press the confirm key to confirm.
The system automatically displays the
longitudinal axis and you can use the
trackball to adjust it.
3. Press the confirm key to complete the
measurement.

The system automatically calculates the following items in accordance with the
measurement results.

Calculation Item Description Formula

RA ESV (A4C) Right Atria End Systolic Volume RA ESV(A4C)=(π/4)×h×∑(A4Cs×A4Cs)

(ml)

7.1.4 Right Ventricle

Measurements of RV anterior wall thickness at the end diastole (RVAWd) and RV internal
dimension at the end systole (RVIDd) are available in the B mode.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap RVAWd or RVIDd to perform the distance measurement.

7.1.5 Left Atria Diameter/Aortic Root Diameter

Measurements of LA, AO and their ratio are available in the B mode.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap AO or LA to perform the distance measurement.
The system automatically calculates their ratio after you perform AO and LA
measurements.

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7.1.6 Left/Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Diameter

LVOT and RVOT measurements are available in the B mode.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap LVOT or RVOT to perform the distance measurement.

7.1.7 Mitral Valve Diameter

Measurements of Mitral Valve Diameter, Mitral Valve Cusp Separation, E-Point-to-
Septum Separation and Mitral Valve Area are all available in the B mode. The mitral valve
diameter can be measured by using the following figure.

Diam

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap MV Diam, MCS, EPSS or MVA to start the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

MV Diam Mitral Valve Diameter Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement
MCS Mitral Valve Cusp Separation

EPSS Distance between Point E and the

Interventricular Septum

MVA Mitral Valve Area Refer to Section 2.1.2.1 Trace Area

Measurement

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7.1.8 Aortic Valve

Measurements of Aortic Valve Cusp Separation and Aortic Valve Area are available in the
B mode.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap ACS or AVA to start the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

ACS Aortic Valve Cusp Separation Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement

AVA Aortic Valve Area Refer to Section 2.1.2.1 Trace Area

Measurement

7.1.9 Main Pulmonary Artery Diameter

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap MPA to perform the distance measurement.

7.1.10 Tricuspid Valve Diameter

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap TV Diam to perform the distance measurement.

7.1.11 Pulmonary Valve Diameter

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Dimensions on the touch screen.
3. Tap PV Diam to perform the distance measurement.

7.1.12 Left Ventricle Mass

The left ventricle mass can be evaluated in the B mode by using the following methods.
● Area-Length (A-L)
● Cube

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● Truncated Ellipsoid (T-E)

7.1.12.1 Area-Length Method

This measurement method calculates the LV mass by measuring LVAd Sa Ep, LVAd Sa En
and LVLd Apical.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > LV Mass on the touch screen.
3. Tap LVAd Sa Ep, LVAd Sa En or LVLd Apical to start the measurement one by one.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

LVAd Sa Ep Left Ventricular Epicardial Area at Refer to Section 2.1.2.1 Trace

Papillary Muscle Level at End Diastole Area Measurement
in Short-axis View

LVAd Sa En Left Ventricular Endocardial Area at

Papillary Muscle Level at End Diastole
in Short-axis View

LVLd Apical Left Ventricular Long Axis Length at Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-
End Diastole in Apical View Point Measurement

The system automatically calculates the LV mass and LVMI using the following formulas,
and displays the results in the measured result box.
● LVM=1.05×[(5/6)×A1×(LVLd Apical+t)-(5/6)×A2×(LVLd Apical)]
− A1=LVAd Sa Ep
− A2=LVAd Sa En
− t=(A1/π)1/2-(A2/π)1/2
● LVMI=LVM/BSA

7.1.12.2 Cube
This measurement method calculates the LV mass by measuring IVSd, LVIDd and
LVPWd.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > LV Mass on the touch screen.
3. Tap IVSd, LVIDd or LVPWd to start the measurement one by one.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

IVSd Interventricular Septum Diastolic Refer to Section 2 . 1 . 1 . 1

Thickness Two-Point Measurement

LVIDd Left Ventricular Internal End Diastolic

Dimension

LVPWd Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Diastolic

Thickness

The system automatically calculates the LV mass and LVMI using the following formulas,
and display the results in the measured result box.
● LVM=0.8×1.04×[(IVSd+LVIDd+LVPWd)3-LVIDd3]+0.6
● LVMI=LVM/BSA

7.1.12.3 Truncated Ellipsoid Method

This measurement method calculates the LV mass by measuring LVAd Sa Ep, LVAd Sa
En, a and d.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > LV Mass on the touch screen.
3. Tap LVAd Sa Ep, LVAd Sa En, a or d to start the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

LVAd Sa Ep Left Ventricular Epicardial Area at Refer to Section 2.1.2.1 Trace

Papillary Muscle Level at End Diastole Area Measurement
in Short-axis View

LVAd Sa En Left Ventricular Endocardial Area at

Papillary Muscle Level at End Diastole
in Short-axis View

a Semi-major Axis from Widest Minor Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-

Axis Radius to Apex Point Measurement

d Truncated Semi-major Axis from

Widest Minor Axis Radius to Mitral
Annulus Plane

The system automatically calculates the LV mass and LVMI using the following formulas,
and display the results in the measured result box.
● LVM=1.05×[(b+t)2×[(2/3) ×(a+t)+d-d3/3(a+t)2]-b2[(2/3) ×a+d-d3/3a2]

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− A1=LVAd Sa Ep
− A2=LVAd Sa En
− b=(A 2/π)1/2
− t=(A 1/π)1/2-b
● LVMI=LVM/BSA

7.2 Color Flow-Mode Measurements

Cardiac Applicat Exit

Dimensions Volume LV Mass PISA

IVSd IVSs RVOT

LVIDd LVIDs AO ACS

LVPWd LVPWs LA LVOT

Delete Last

Figure 7-4 Cardiology Measurement Menu in the Color Flow Mode

Only the measurements of the PISA Radius at the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic
valve and pulmonary valve are described in this section. Other measurements in the color
flow mode can be performed the same way as they are in the B mode. For details, refer to
Section 7.1 B-Mode Measurements.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the B mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > PISA on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

MR Rad Mitral Valve Stenosis Radius Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement
AR Rad Aortic Valve Stenosis Radius

TR Rad Tricuspid Valve Stenosis Radius

MS Rad Mitral Valve Stenosis Radius

NOTE:
To obtain PISA results, you should perform measurements of the PISA Radius at the
mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve and pulmonary valve in the color flow mode,
and then perform the regurgitation velocity time integral at the mitral valve, tricuspid
valve, aortic valve and pulmonary valve in the spectral Doppler mode.

7.3 M-Mode Measurements

Cardiac Applicat Exit

Dimensions Time/Slope Volume LV Mass

IVSd IVSs RVOT

LVIDd LVIDs AO ACS

LVPWd LVPWs LA LVOT HR

Delete Last

Figure 7-5 Cardiology Measurement Menu in the M Mode

Only the measurements of the left ventricle evaluation, left ventricle mass and left/right
ventricle TEI index are described in this section. Other measurements (as shown in the
following table) can be performed the same way as basic measurements described in the M
mode.as shown in the following table.

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Measurement Measurement Description Measurement Method

Collection Item

Dimensions RVOT Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Refer to Section 2.2.1

Distance Measurement
LVOT Left Ventricular Outflow Tract

AO Aortic Root Diameter

LA Left Atria Diameter

ACS Aortic Valve Cusp Separation

HR Heat Rate Refer to Section 2.2.6

Heart Rate Measurement

RVAWd Right Ventricular Anterior Wall Refer to Section 2.2.1

Diastolic Thickness Distance Measurement

RVIDd Right Ventricular Internal End

Diastolic Dimension

EPSS Distance between Point E and

the Interventricular Septum

MCS Mitral Valve Cusp Separation

Time/Slope LVPEP Left Ventricular Pre-ejection Refer to Section 2.2.5

Period Time Measurement

RVPEP Right Ventricular Pre-ejection

Period

MV DE Mi t r a l Va l v e DE Wa v e Refer to Section 2.2.1

Amplitude Distance Measurement

MV E-F Slope Mitral Valve E-F Slope Refer to Section 2.2.2

Slope Measurement

MV E Amp Mitral Valve E-wave Amplitude Refer to Section 2.2.1

Distance Measurement
MV A Amp Mitral Valve A-wave Amplitude

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7.3.1 Left Ventricle Evaluation

The left ventricle can be evaluated in the M mode by using the following methods.
● Cube
● Teichholz

7.3.1.1 Cube
This measurement method approximates the LV volume by measuring a cube.

IVS

LVID

LVPW

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Volume on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item under Cube (LV) to perform the measurement one by one.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

IVSd Interventricular Septum Diastolic Thickness Refer to Section 2.2.1

Distance Measurement
LVIDd Left Ventricular Internal End Diastolic
Dimension

LVPWd Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Diastolic

Thickness

IVSs Interventricular Septum Systolic Thickness

LVIDs Left Ventricular Internal End Systolic

Dimension

LVPWs Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Systolic

Thickness

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The system automatically calculates the following items in accordance with the
measurement results.

Calculation Item Description Formula

EDV Left Ventricular End Diastolic EDV=LVIDd3

Volume (ml)

ESV Left Ventricular End Systolic ESV=LVIDds3

Volume (ml)

SV Stroke Volume (mL) SV = EDV-ESV

CO Cardiac Output (Umin) CO = SV×HR

EF Ejection Fraction EF = SV/EDV

SI Stroke Volume Index SI = SV/BSA

CI Cardiac Index CI = CO/BSA

FS Fractional Shortening FS= (LVIDd-LVIDs) /LVIDd

IVS% Interventricular Septum % IVS%= (IVSs-IVSd) /IVSd ×100%

Thickening

LVPW% Left Ventricular Posterior Wall LVPW%= (LVPWs-LVPWd) /IVPWd

% Thickening ×100%

IVS/LVPW Interventricular Septum/LV IVS/LVPW=IVSd/LVPWd

posterior wall thickness

LVM Left Ventricular Mass LVM=0.8×1.04×[(IVSd+LVIDd+LVP

Wd)3-LVIDd3]+0.6

LVMI Left Ventricular Mass Index LVMI=LVM/BSA

7.3.1.2 Teichholz
This measurement method approximates the LV volume by measuring a cube.

IVS

LVID

LVPW

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Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac on the touch screen.
3. Tap Volume> a measurement item under Teichlozs (LV) or tap Dimensions > IVSd
to perform the measurement one by one.
Measurement Description Measurement Method
Item

IVSd Interventricular Septum Diastolic Thickness Refer to Section 2.2.1

Distance Measurement
LVIDd Left Ventricular Internal End Diastolic Dimension

LVPWd Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Diastolic Thickness

IVSs Interventricular Septum Systolic Thickness

LVIDs Left Ventricular Internal End Systolic Dimension

LVPWs Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Systolic Thickness

The system automatically calculates the following items in accordance with the
measurement results.

Calculation Item Description Formula

EDV = 7 # LVIDd
EDV Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume 3

(ml) 2.4 + LVIDd

ESV = 7 # LVIDs
ESV Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume 3

(ml) 2.4 + LVIDs

SV Stroke Volume (mL) SV = EDV-ESV

CO Cardiac Output (Umin) CO = SV×HR

EF Ejection Fraction EF = SV/EDV

SI Stroke Volume Index SI = SV/BSA

CI Cardiac Index CI = CO/BSA

FS Fractional Shortening FS= (LVIDd-LVIDs) /LVIDd

IVS% Interventricular Septum % Thickening IVS%= (IVSs-IVSd) /IVSd ×100%

LVPW% Left Ventricular Posterior Wall % LVPW%= (LVPWs-LVPWd) /

Thickening IVPWd ×100%

IVS/LVPW Interventricular Septum/LV posterior IVS/LVPW=IVSd/LVPWd

wall thickness

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Calculation Item Description Formula

LVM Left Ventricular Mass LVM=0.8×1.04×[(IVSd+LVIDd+

LVPWd)3-LVIDd3]+0.6

LVMI Left Ventricular Mass Index LVMI=LVM/BSA

7.3.1.3 Left Ventricle Mass

The left ventricle mass can be evaluated by measuring IVSd, LVIDd and LVPWd.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > LV Mass on the touch screen.
3. Tap IVSd, LVIDd or LVPWd to start the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

IVSd Interventricular Septum Diastolic Thickness Refer to Section 2.2.1

Distance Measurement
LVIDd Left Ventricular Internal End Diastolic
Dimension

LVPWd Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Diastolic

Thickness

The system automatically calculates the following items in accordance with the
measurement results.

Calculation Item Description Formula

LVM(Cube) Left Ventricle Mass (Cube) LVM(Cube)=0.8×1.04×[(IVSd+LVIDd+LVP

Wd)3-LVIDd3]+0.6

LVMI(Cube) Left Ventricle Mass Index LVMI(Cube)=LVM(Cube)/BSA

(Cube)

7.3.2 TEI Index Calculation

In the M mode, the left ventricle TEI index can be evaluated by measuring MV C-O Dur
and LVET (b), and the right ventricle TEI index can be evaluated by measuring TV C-O
Dur and RVET (b).

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Time/Slope on the touch screen.

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3. Tap a measurement item under LV TEI or RV TEI to start the measurement.

Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

MV C-O Dur (a) Mitral Valve Close-Open Duration Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time
Measurement
LVET (b) Left Ventricular Ejection Time

TV C-O Dur (a) Tricuspid Valve Close-Open Duration

RVET (b) Right Ventricular Ejection Time

The system automatically calculates the following items in accordance with the
measurement results.

Calculation Item Description Formula

LV TEI Left Ventricle TEI Index LV TEI=(MV C-O Dur(a) - LVET(b)) /LVET(b)

RV TEI Right Ventricle TEI Index RV TEI=(TV C-O Dur(a) - RVET(b)) /RVET(b)

7.4 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements

Cardiac Applicat Exit

AV MV TV TDI

AVA (Vmax) AVA (VTI)

LVOT LVOT AR VTI

LVOT Vmax LVOT VTI AR Vmax

AV Vmax AV VTI LVET LVPEP

Delete Last

Figure 7-6 Cardiology Measurement Menu in the Spectral Doppler Mode

7.4.1 Aortic Valve

The flow velocity measurement for the aortic valve evaluation can be performed in the
spectral Doppler mode by using the following figure.

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7 Cardiology Measurements and Calculations

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > AV on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

AVA(Vmax) LVOT Left Ventricular Outflow ● Perform the LVOT measurementsin the
Tract 2D/M mode. For details, refer
to Section 7.1.6 Left/ Right
LVOT Vmax Left Ventricular Outflow Ventricular Outflow Tract
Tract Maximum Velocity Diameter or Section 7.3 M-Mode
Measurements.
● Perform the LVOT Vmax and
AV Vmax Aortic Valve Maximum AV Vmax measurements in
Velocity the PW/CW mode. For details,
refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity
Measurement.
The system automatically displays
the AVA result after you complete all
measurements.

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

AVA(VTI) LVOT Left Ventricular Outflow ● Perform the LVOT measurementin the
Tract 2D/M mode. For details, refer
to Section 7.1.6 Left/ Right
LVOT VTI Left Ventricular Outflow Ventricular Outflow Tract
Tract Velocity Time Diameter or Section 7.3 M-Mode
Integral Measurements.
● Perform the LVOT VTI and AV
AV VTI Aortic Valve Velocity
VTI measurements in the PW/
Time Integral
CW mode. For details, refer
to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace
Measurement.
The system automatically displays
the AVA result after you complete all
measurements.

PISA-AR AR Rad Aortic Valve Stenosis ● P e r f o r m t h e A R R a d

Radius measurement in the color flow
mode. For details, refer to
Section 7.2 Color Flow-Mode
AR VTI Aortic Valve Regurgitation Measurements.
Velocity Time Integral
● P e r f o r mt h eA RV T I
measurement in the PW/CW
mode. For details, refer to
Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace
Measurement.
The system automatically displays
the PISA results after you complete
all measurements.

AR VTI Aortic Valve Regurgitation Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace

Velocity Time Integral Measurement

AR Vmax Aortic Valve Regurgitation Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Maximum Velocity Measurement

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

LVET Left Ventricular Ejection Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time

Time Measurement

LVPEP Left Ventricular Pre-

ejection Period

IVCT LeftVentricular
Isovolumic Contraction
Time

IVRT LeftVentricular
Isovolumic Relaxation
Time

AR DecT Aortic Valve Regurgitation

Deceleration Time

AR PHT Aortic Valve Regurgitation 1. Use the trackball to move the

Pressure Half Time cursor to the desired position,
press the confirm key on the
control panel and the system
displays a dotted line.
2. Use the trackball to move the
cursor to the desired position on
the dotted line, press the confirm
key and the system automatically
calculates the pressure half time.

AV Vmax Aortic Valve Maximum Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Velocity Measurement

AV VTI Aortic Valve Regurgitation Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace

Velocity Time Integral Measurement

HR-AV Heart Rate-Aortic Valve Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

Measurement

7.4.2 Mitral Valve

Measurements of E-wave velocity, A-wave velocity, E Duration, A Duration, PHT, PISA
for mitral valve can be performed in the spectral Doppler mode by using the following
figure.

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MVA(PHT)
HR

MV E Vel
MV A Vel
LV
RV
MV E Dur MV A Dur

RA LA

Perform the mitral valve velocity trace measurement by using the following figure.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > MV on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item to perform the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

MV E Vel Mitral Valve E-wave Peak Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Velocity Measurement

MV A Vel Mitral Valve A-wave Peak

Velocity

MV E Dur Mitral Valve E-wave Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time

Duration Measurement

MV A Dur Mitral Valve A-wave

Duration

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

MVA(PHT) Mitral Valve Area 1. Use the trackball to move the

Pressure Half Time cursor to the desired position,
press the confirm key on the
control panel and the system
displays a dotted line.
2. Use the trackball to move the
cursor on the desired position of
the dotted line, press the confirm
key, and the system automatically
calculates the pressure half time.

MV DecT Mitral Valve Deceleration Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time

Time Measurement

MR Vmax M i t r a l V a l v e Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Regurgitation Maximum Measurement
Velocity

MR VTI M i t r a l V a l v e Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace

Regurgitation Velocity Measurement
Time Integral

MVA(VTI) LVOT Left Ventricular Outflow ● Perform the LVOT measurement in the
Tract 2D/M mode. For details, refer
to Section 7.1.6 Left/ Right
LVOT VTI Left Ventricular Outflow
Ventricular Outflow Tract
Tract Velocity Time
Diameter or Section 7.3 M-Mode
Integral
Measurements.
MV VTI Mitral Valve Area Velocity
● Perform the LVOT VTI and MV
Time Integral
VTI measurements in the PW/CW
mode. For details, refer to Section
2.4.7 Manual Trace Measurement.
The system automatically displays the
MVA result after you complete all
measurements.

LV TEI MV C-O Dur Mitral Valve Close-Open Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time
(a) Duration Measurement

LVET (b) Left Ventricular Ejection

Time

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

PISA-MR MR Rad Mitral Valve Stenosis ● Perform the MR Rad measurementin the
Radius color flow mode. For

MR VTI M i t r a l V a l v e details, refer to Section 7.2 Color

Regurgitation Velocity Flow-Mode Measurements.
Time Integral ● Perform the MR VTI measurement
in the PW/CW mode. For details,
refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual
Trace Measurement.
The system automatically displays the
PISA results after you complete all
measurements.

PISA-MS MS Rad Mitral Valve Stenosis ● Perform the MS Rad measurement in the
Radius color flow mode. For
details, refer to Section 7.2 Color
MS VTI M i t r a l V a l v e Flow-Mode Measurements.
Regurgitation Velocity
● Perform the MS VTI measurement in the
Time Integral
PW/CW mode. For details, refer
to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace
Measurement.
The system automatically displays the
PISA results after you complete all
measurements.

7.4.3 Mitral Valve Motion

The mitral valve motion can be evaluated by measuring Sa Medial, Ea Medial, Aa Medial,
Sa Lateral, Ea Lateral and Aa Lateral in the PW/CW mode.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > TDI on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item to perform the measurement.

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7 Cardiology Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

Sa Medial Mitral Valve Medial Systolic Motion Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity
Measurement
Ea Medial Mitral Valve Medial Early Diastolic
Motion

Aa Medial Mitral Valve Medial Late Diastolic

Motion

Sa Lateral Mitral Valve Lateral Systolic Motion

Ea Lateral Mitral Valve Lateral Early Diastolic

Motion

Aa Lateral Mitral Valve Lateral Late Diastolic Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity
Motion Measurement

7.4.4 Tricuspid Valve

The flow velocity measurement for tricuspid valve evaluation can be performed in the
spectral Doppler mode by using the following figure.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.

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2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > TV on the touch screen.

3. Tap a measurement item to perform the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

TV E Vel Tricuspid Valve E-wave Peak Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Velocity Measurement

TV A Vel Tricuspid Valve A-wave Peak

Velocity

TV VTI Tricuspid Valve Maximum Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual

Velocity Time Integral Trace Measurement

TV Vmax Tricuspid Valve Maximum Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Velocity Measurement

RVSP TR Vmax Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Maximum Velocity Measurement

RAP Right Atria Systolic Pressure ● Select RAP, and input manualy or
select the desired RAP value in
the pop-up dialog box.
● Or, input manually the RAP
value on the Cardiac tab of the
New Patient screen.

PISA-TR TR Rad Tricuspid Valve Stenosis ● P e r f o r m t h e T R R a d

Radius measurement in the color flow

TR VTI Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation mode. For details, refer to

Velocity Time Integral Section 7.2 Color Flow-Mode
Measurements.
● P e r f o r m t h e T R V T I
measurement in the PW/CW
mode. For details, refer to
Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace
Measurement.
The system automatically displays
the PISA results after you complete
all measurements.

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7 Cardiology Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

RV TEI TV C-O Dur Tricuspid Valve Close-Open Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time
(a) Duration Measurement

RVET (b) Right Ventricular Ejection

Time

7.4.5 Pulmonary Valve

The flow velocity measurement for pulmonary valve evaluation can be performed in the
spectral Doppler mode by using the following figure.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > PV on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item to perform the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

PR Vmax Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Maximum Velocity Measurement

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Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

PR VTI Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual

Velocity Time Integral Trace Measurement

PV AccT Pulmonary Valve Acceleration Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time

Time Measurement

MPA Vmax Ma i n P u l m o n a ry A rt ery Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Maximum Velocity Measurement

RPA Vmax Right Pulmonary Artery

Maximum Velocity

LPA Vmax Left Pulmonary Artery Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Maximum Velocity Measurement

RVET Right Ventricular Ejection Time Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time

Measurement

RVPEP Right Ventricular Pre-ejection

Period

HR Heart Rate Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart

Rate Measurement

PAEDP PR Ved Pulmonary Regurgitation Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity

Velocity End Diastole Measurement

RAP Right Atria Systolic Pressure ● T ap R A P , a n d i n p u t

manually or select the
desired RAP value in the
pop-up dialog box.
● Input manually the RAP
value on the New Patient
screen - Cardiac tab.

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7 Cardiology Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

PVA(Vmax) RVOT Right Ventricular Outflow Tract ● PerformtheRVOT

measurement in the 2D/
M mode. For details, refer to
RVOT Right Ventricular Outflow Tract
Section 7.1.6 Left/Right
Vmax Maximum Velocity
Ventricular Outflow Tract
Diameter or Section 7.3
M-Mode Measurements.
PV Vmax Pulmonary Valve Maximum ● Perform the RVOT Vmax
Velocity and PV Vmax measurements
in the PW/CW mode. For
details, refer to Section 2.4.1
Velocity Measurement.
The system automatically
displays the PVA value after you
complete all measurements.

PVA(VTI) RVOT Right Ventricular Outflow Tract ● PerformtheRVOT

measurement in the 2D/
M mode. For details, refer to
RVOT VTI Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Section 7.1.6 Left/Right
Velocity Time Integral Ventricular Outflow Tract
Diameter or Section 7.3
M-Mode Measurements.
● Perform the RVOT VTI and
PV VTI Pulmonary Valve Velocity Time
PV VTI measurements in the
Integral
PW/CW mode. For details,
refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual
Trace Measurement.
The system automatically
displays the PVA value after you
complete all measurements.

7.4.6 Pulmonary and Hepatic Veins

Measurements of Pulm S Vel, Pulm A Vel, Pulm D Vel, Hep S Vel, Hep A Vel and Hep D
Vel are available in the PW/CW mode.

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.

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2. Tap Applicat > Cardiac > Pulm-Hep Vein on the touch screen.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Item Description Measurement Method

Pulm S Vel Pulmonary Vein S-wave Flow Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity
Velocity Measurement

Pulm S VTI Pulmonary Vein S-wave Velocity Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual
Time Integral Trace Measurement

Pulm A Vel Pulmonary Vein A-wave Flow Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity
Velocity Measurement

Pulm D Vel Pulmonary Vein D-wave Flow

Velocity

Pulm D VTI Pulmonary Vein D-wave Velocity Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual
Time Integral Trace Measurement

Pulm A Dur Pulmonary Vein A-wave Duration Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time
Measurement
Pulm DecT Pulmonary Vein Deceleration Time

Hep S Vel Hepatic Vein S-wave Flow Velocity Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity
Measurement
Hep D Vel Hepatic Vein D-wave Flow Velocity

Hep A Vel Hepatic Vein A-wave Flow Velocity

Hep A Dur Hepatic Vein A-wave Duration Refer to Section 2.4.8 Time
Measurement

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 8 Small Parts Measurements
and Calculations
Small parts measurements and calculations are available in the 2D mode (B/CFM/PDI/TDI), the M
mode and the spectral Doppler mode (PW/CW).

107
8 Small Parts Measurements and Calculations

SMP Applicat Exit

Lt Lesion1 Lt Lesion2 Lt Lesion3 Lt Lesion4 Lt Lesion5

Nipple-Les.
Length Width Height Skin-Les. Dist
Dist

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 8-1 Small Parts Measurement Menu

8.1 2D-Mode Measurements

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > SMP on the touch screen and tap a measurement category, such as
Breast.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Lt Lesion1.
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Measurement Measurement Item Measurement Method
Category Collection

Breast Lt(Rt) Lesion1 Nipple-Les. Dist Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Skin-Les. Dist Measurement
Lt(Rt) Lesion2
Length
Lt(Rt) Lesion3
Width
Lt(Rt) Lesion4
Height
Lt(Rt) Lesion5

Thyroid Lt(Rt) Thyroid Length Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Height Measurement

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Measurement Measurement Measurement Item Measurement Method

Category Collection

Thyroid Lt(Rt) Thyroid Width Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement
Lt(Rt) Sup. Par Length
Thyroid Height
Lt(Rt) Inf. Par Width
Thyroid

Thyroid Ist. Ist. AP

Lt(Rt) STA Vessel Diam

Lt(Rt) ITA

Testicle Lt(Rt) Testicle Length Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Height Measurement
Width

8.2 M-Mode Measurements

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.
2. Tap Applicat > SMP on the touch screen and tap a measurement category, such as
Breast.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Vessel.
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Measurement Measurement Measurement Method
Category Collection Item

Breast Vessel Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.2.1 Distance Measurement

%Sten(D) Refer to Section 2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance

Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR R e f e r t o Se c t i o n 2 . 2 . 6 He a r t R a t e
Measurement

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8 Small Parts Measurements and Calculations

Measurement Measurement Measurement Measurement Method

Category Collection Item

Thyroid Lt(Rt) STA Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.2.1 Distance Measurement
Lt(Rt) ITA Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR R e f e r t o Se c t i o n 2 . 2 . 6 He a r t R a t e
Measurement

Testicle Lt(Rt) Vessel Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.2.1 Distance Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR R e f e r t o Se c t i o n 2 . 2 . 6 He a r t R a t e
Measurement

8.3 Spectral Doppler-Mode Measurements

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > SMP on the touch screen and tap a measurement category, such as
Breast.
3. Tap a measurement collection, such as Vessel.
4. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.

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Measurement Measurement Measurement Measurement Method

Category Collection Item

Breast Vessel Auto Trace ● For auto trace method, refer to Section
Manual Trace 2.4.6 Auto Trace Measurement.

Thyroid Lt(Rt) STA PS ● For manual trace method, refer to Section

2.4.7 Manual Trace Measurement.
ED
● For PS and ED method, refer to Section
Lt(Rt) ITA RI
2.4.1 Velocity Measurement.
PI
● For RI method, refer to Section 2.4.3
Testicle Lt(Rt) Vessel PS,ED,RI,SD
Resistivity Index Measurement.
Time
● For PI method, refer to Section 2.4.4
HR Pulsatility Index Measurement.
● Fo r PS, E D, RI , SD m e t ho d , r e f e r
to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index
Measurement.
● For time method, refer to Section 2.4.8
Time Measurement.
● For heart rate method, refer to Section
2.4.9 Heart Rate Measurement.

8.4 Elastography Imaging Measurements

Application-specific measurements in the elastography imaging can be performed the same
way as they are in the 2D mode. For details, refer to Section 8.1 2D-Mode Measurements.

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8 Urology Measurements and Calculations

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 9 Urology Measurements
and Calculations
Urology measurements and calculations are available in the 2D mode (B/CFM/PDI/TDI), the M
mode and the spectral Doppler mode (PW/CW).

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9 Urology Measurements and Calculations

9.1 2D-Mode Measurements

Urology Applicat Exit

Lt
Lt Kidney Lt Renal A Bladder PV Bladder
Suprarenal

Lt Seminal
Prostate Lt Testicle Lt Vessel
Vessel

Length Height Width Renal Cortex

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 9-1 Urology Measurement Menu in the 2D Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Urology on the touch screen panel and tap a measurement collection,
such as Lt Kidney.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Kidney Length Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Measurement
Height

Width

Renal Cortex

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Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Renal A Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Lt(Rt) Vessel Measurement

Vessel Area ● For 2D-Trace method, refer to Section

2.1.2.1 Trace Area Measurement.
● For 2D-Ellipse method, refer to Section
2.1.2.3 Ellipse Area Measurement.

%Sten(D) Refer to Section 2.1.1.5 %Stenosis Distance

%Sten(A) Refer to Section 2.1.2.5 %Stenosis Area

Lt(Rt) Suprarenal Length Refer to Section 2.1.1.1 Two-Point

Bladder Measurement
Height
PV Bladder
Prostate Width
Lt Seminal Vessel
Lt(Rt) Testicle

9.2 M-Mode Measurements

Urology Applicat Exit

Lt Renal A Lt Vessel

Vessel %Sten(D) Time HR

Diam

Side Position
Delete Last
Left --

Figure 9-2 Urology Measurement Menu in the M Mode

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the M mode.

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9 Urology Measurements and Calculations

2. Tap Applicat > Urology on the touch screen and tap a measurement collection, such
as Lt Renal A.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Renal A Vessel Diam Refer to Section 2.2.1 Distance

Lt(R) Vessel Measurement

%Sten(D) Refer to Section 2.2.3 %Stenosis Distance

Measurement

Time Refer to Section 2.2.5 Time Measurement

HR R e f e r t o Sec t i on 2 . 2 . 6 Hea r t R a t e
Measurement

9.3 Spectral-Doppler Mode Measurements

Urology Applicat Exit

Lt Renal A Lt Vessel

PS ED RI PI PS,ED,RI,SD

Auto Trace Manual Trace HR Volume Flow

Side Position
Left -- Delete Last

Figure 9-3 Urology Measurement Menu in the Spectral Doppler Mode

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Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the PW/CW mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Urology on the touch screen and tap a measurement collection, such
as Lt Renal A.
3. Tap a measurement item to start the measurement.
Measurement Collection Measurement Item Measurement Method

Lt(Rt) Renal A Auto Trace Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace

Lt(Rt) Vessel Measurement

Manual Trace Refer to Section 2.4.7 Manual Trace

Measurement

PS Refer to Section 2.4.1 Velocity Measurement

ED

RI Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

PI Refer to Section 2.4.4 Pulsatility Index

Measurement

PS,ED,RI,SD Refer to Section 2.4.3 Resistivity Index

Measurement

HR Refer to Section 2.4.9 Heart Rate

Measurement

Volume Flow Refer to Section 2.4.6 Auto Trace

Measurement and Section 2.4.7 Manual
Trace Measurement

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 10 Pediatrics Measurements
and Calculations
Pediatrics measurements and calculations for an infant’s hip are available in the 2D mode (B/CFM/
PDI/TDI).

119
10 Pediatrics Measurements and Calculations

Pediatrics Applicat Exit

Lt Hip

Hip Angle Hip d-D

Ratio

Side
Left Delete Last

Figure 10-1 Pediatrics Measurement Menu

10.1 Hip Joint Angle

Hip joint angle can be evaluated in the 2D mode by using the following methods.
● 2D-Semi Auto
● 2D-3Dist

10.1.1 2D-Semi Auto

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.

2. Tap Applicat > Pediatrics on touch screen.
3. Select the desired hip joint, such as Lt Hip, tap Hip Angle and set the measurement
method to 2D-Semi Auto, a dotted line appears on the screen.
4. Move the line to the desired position by using the trackball and rotate the Angle knob
on the control panel to adjust the angle of the line.
5. Press the confirm key on the control panel to confirm and the second dotted line
appears.

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 10 Pediatrics Measurements and Calculations

6. Move the second line to the desired position and rotate the Angle knob to adjust the
angle of the second line.
7. Press the confirm key to confirm and the third dotted line appears.
8. Move the third line to the desired position and rotate the Angle knob to adjust the
angle.
9. Press the confirm key to complete the measurement and the system automatically
calculates the result.

10.1.2 2D-3Dist
Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.

1 1
1
1 1
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Pediatrics on touch screen.
3. Select the desired hip joint, such as Lt Hip, tap Hip Angle and set the measurement
method to 2D-3Dist.
4. Move the marker to the desired position by using the trackball and press the confirm
key on the control panel to confirm. The second marker appears on the screen.
5. Move the second marker to the desired position.
Press the Update key ont the control panel to activate the fixed marker.
6. Press the confirm key on the control panel to confirm the first line.
7. Repeat steps 4-6 to confirm the second line and the third line to complete the
measurement and the system automatically calculates the result.

10.2 d-D Ratio

Follow the following steps to perform the measurement.
1. Press the Calc key on the control panel in the 2D mode.
2. Tap Applicat > Pediatrics > Lt Hip on touch screen.
3. Tap Hip d-D Ratio and a dotted line appears on the screen.
4. Move the line to the desired position by using the trackball and rotate the Angle knob
on the control panel to adjust the angle. Press the confirm key on the control panel to
confirm, and the second dotted line appears.

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10 Pediatrics Measurements and Calculations

5. Move the second line to the desired position, press the confirm key and the third
dotted line appears.
6. Move the third line to the desired position, press the confirm key to complete the
measurement and the system automatically calculates the result.

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Measurement reports record all of the measurement results. Each of the measurement and calculation
packages produces an individual measurement report.

123
11 Measurement Reports

The measurement report contains the patient information, measurement results, diagnosis
results and so on. Two categories of measurement reports are provided in the ultrasound
system.
● General Measurement Report
Only the patient information and customized comments are provided, no measurement
results are provided. You can make comments on the report, and print it.
● Application-Specific Measurement Report
The measurement results are provided in the report.

NOTE:
All measurement results displayed in the report are automatically calculated by the
system.

An obstetrical report is taken as an example in the following sections to describe the

operations on the measurement report.

11.1 Reviewing the Report

11.1.1 Reviewing the Current Report

You can press the Report key on the control panel to review the current report when
performing a measurement.

Click a tab for the exam type to view the measurement report. A tab with an asterisk
indicates that measurements are performed for this exam type.

Measurement Report
Patient Name: lili DOB: 03/21/1982 Age: 30y8m14d Sonographer: admin Referring.M.D: wuhong
Patient ID: 123 Gravida: 1 Para: 0 Aborta: 0 Ectopic: 0
LMP: 06/10/2014 GA (LMP): 25w3d EDD (LMP): 03/17/2015
GA (AUA): 19w2d EDD (AUA): 04/29/2015
EFW: BPD/HC/AC/FL(Hadlock4) Value: Range: GA(EFW): Dev.:

Vascular OB* GYN* Cardiac* SMP* Urology* Abdomen PED All

2D
Parameter Value M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 Method Dev. GA
D
2D Mode M
BPD (Hadlock) 28.35 mm 33.38 32.18 31.58 31.25 28.45 Last 15w0d
Fetus
OFD (HC) 45.06 mm 31.08 32.08 33.15 39.65 40.06 Last 17W6d
HC (Hadlock) mm 102.02 100.23 95.20 93.59 Last A
128.64 97.17 16w3d
FL (Hadlock) 49.25 mm 33.78 32.18 34.20 33.78 34.58 Last 26w4d B
Vp 30.69 mm 30.69 30.49 31.29 30.69 32.79 Last 24w1d C
D

Prev
Next

Graph F.Anatomy Calc. Compare Comment Image View Prev.&Save Clear All Exit

Figure 11-1 Measurement Report Screen

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 11 Measurement Reports

NOTE:
Only the last five measurement values (M1-M5) for each measurement item are saved
in the report.

● If the report displays more than one page, click Prev or Next to turn it to the previous
or next page.
● Click Exit to quit the screen.

You can also perform the following operations on the Measurement Report screen.
● Move the cursor on a measurement value by using the trackball, press the confirm
key, and edit this value.
● Select a measurement value (such as M1: 30.69 besides Vp), press the Del key on the
key panel to delete it from the report. Thereafter, the deleted value will be replaced by
the following value (such as M2 30.49 besides Vp) of the same item.
● Select the calculation method (such as Average, Last, Maximum and Minimum)
from the Method drop-down list to change the value in the Value list.
● Select the desired imaging mode on the right side of the screen to view the relevant
report. You can also view multiple fetus developments on the obstetrical report.
● Click Prev. & Save to save and preview the report.
● Click Clear All to remove all the measurement items and calculation results from the
screen.
● Click Image View to add or remove the images.
● Click Comment, and type the diagnostic information in the pop-up text box to make
comments on the report.
● Press the Save1 key on the control panel to save the current screenshot.

11.1.2 Reviewing an Archived Report

You can review an archived report by performing the following steps.
1. Select patient information.
− If no exam is performed, press the Review key on the control panel to enter the
Patient Exam List screen.
− If an exam is being performed, choose the Patient key > Patient List > Patient
Review and select the desired patient information.
2. Click View > Exam Review > View Image to enter the View Image screen.
3. Move the cursor on a thumbnail by using the trackball and double click the confirm
key to enter the basic screen.
4. Press the Report key to enter the Measurement Report screen.
For detailed operations about the report, refer to Section 11.1.1 Reviewing the Current
Report.

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11 Measurement Reports

11.2 Obstetrical Reports

11.2.1 Fetal Growth Curves

Fetal growth curves allow you to assess fetal growth compared to a normal growth curve.

Follow the following steps to view fetal growth curves.

1. Click Graph on the Measurement Report screen, and the system displays a singe
fetal growth curve graph.

Print
cm BPD (Hadlock)
Growth Curve
10
√ BPD（Hadlock） -2SD/+2SD
9
HC（Hadlock）
8
Bar
FL（Hadlock） 7
Single 6

Quad 5
4
Exit
3
Fetus A 2
Fetus B 1
10 15 20 25 10 10 40
Fetus C [week]
GA Reference: LMP
Fetus D

Figure 11-2 Fetal Growth Curves

Click Quad to display four graphs at the same time.

2. Select the desired fetus on the left side of the screen.
3. Select the desired measurement item and the corresponding fetal growth curve is
displayed on the screen, as shown in Figure 11-2.
Repeat the above steps to review other fetal growth curves and add them to the report.

As the above figure shows, the x-axis indicates the gestation age, and the y-axis indicates
the measurement results. The intermediate curve indicates the median or average value for
the fetus growth, and the range between two curves indicates the normal growth range for
the fetus growth.

The intersection of the dotted line indicates the calculated gestation age after you enter
the date in the LMP or IVF textbox of the New Patient screen. You can evaluate the fetus
growth in accordance with the intersection.

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 11 Measurement Reports

11.2.2 Anatomical Survey

The fetal growth bar shows current exam measurements and the normal growth range
based on the gestational age.

Follow the following steps to view the growth bar.

1. Click Growth > Bar on the OB Measurement Report screen to enter the following
screen.

Growth Bar
Item Formula

AUA
20w15d
BPD Hadlock
19w6d
CRL Hadlock
22w1d
Bar AC Hadlock
18w28d
APTD
Single 20w6d
CER Hill
Quad FIB Jeanty 24w6d
Exit FL Hadlock 17w26d
GS Hellman
Fetus A HC Hadlock 25w1d
Fetus B HUM
LV
Fetus C
OFD Jeanty 25w10d
Fetus D
OOD
RAD Jeanty
20w8d
TAD 25w16d
TIBIA
ULNA Jeanty
0 10 20 30 40
[week]

Figure 11-3 Fetal Profile

2. Select the desired fetus and the corresponding growth bar displays on the screen.

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11 Measurement Reports

11.2.3 Fetus Compare

You can click Calc. Compare on the OB Measurement Report screen to view multiple
fetuses.

The multiple fetuses report allows you to access the development of multiple fetuses.
As the following figure shows, AUA is calculated by all measured items for the desired
fetuses.

Calc.Compare

Item A B C D

AUA 17w3d 16w6d

EFW

AC 148.25mm 147.89mm
BPD 41.6mm 40.5mm

CRL 38.86mm 38.00mm

FL 57.06mm 56.88mm
GS 45.89mm 45.03mm

HC 106.11mm 105.87mm

OK

Figure 11-4 Fetus Compare

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11.2.4 Anatomical Survey

The anatomical survey provides a checklist that indicates which anatomy was imaged and
its status and evaluation for fetus biophysics and cardiovascular.

Follow the following steps to edit the fetus descriptions.

1. Click F. Anatomy on the OB Measurement Report screen to enter the Fetus
Anatomy screen.

Fetus Description Biophysical Score

Fetal Des Abdomen Heart

Fetus A Fetal Number Single Stomach Seen 3-Vessel Seen
Fetus B Fetal Pos Vertex Intestines Seen Heart Motion Seen
Fetus C Placental Loa Anterior Bladder Seen 4-Chamber Seen
Fetus D Seen
Previa No R-Kidney Seen RVOT
PlacentaGrade 1 L-Kidney Seen LVOT Seen

AF Volume Adequate R-Adr Gland Seen Ao Arch Seen

Placenta Cord Center L-Adr Gland Seen Ductal Arch Seen
Cord Insert Yes Genitalia Female Dlaphragam Seen
CardiacRhythm Normal
Brain Thorax
LV Seen Lungs Seen Facial
CER Seen Thymus Normal FacialProfile Seen
Cist Wagna Seen Lips/Palate Seen
Bone
Body C-Spine Seen Fossa Seen Nuchal
L Ankle/Foot Seen T-Spine Seen Fold Seen

R Ankle/Foot Seen L-Spine Seen Choroid Seen

4Extremity Normal Sacrum Seen

OK Cancel

Figure 11-5 Fetus Anatomy

2. Select an option from the drop-down lists by using the trackball and press the confirm
key to make settings for the desired item.

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11 Measurement Reports

11.3 Previewing and Printing the Report

You can click Prev.&Save on the Measurement Report screen to preview the report.

OB Report

Patient Information

Patient Name: Lili Patient ID: 20141205_113957_110903 Exam Date: 12/05/2015

Birth Date: 03/21/1982 Sex: Female Accession#: 123
Comments: None

Exam Information

Exam Type: OB Height (cm): 160 Weight (kg): 49

Gravida: 0 Para: 0 Aborta: 0
Ectopic: 0 LMP: 06/10/2014
Sonographer: admin Referring.M.D: Performing.M.D:
Chief Compliant:
Past History:
Comments:

LMP GA (LMP) EDD(LMP)

Fetus A
GA(AUA): 13w1d EDD(AUA): 05/19/2015

Measurements

Fetus A
2D Mode
Item M1-M5 Value Unit GA
Unilateral Side
BPD(Hadlock) 45.60 45.60 (Last) mm 17w4d
OFD(Jeanty) 30.02 30.02 (Last) mm 17w2d
OFD(HC) 30.99 30.99 (Last) mm 17w2d
HC(Hadlock) 80.69 80.69 (Last) mm 18w1d
FL(Hadlock) 24.01 24.01 (Last) mm 17w5d

Conclusion

Summary

Recommendations

Operator: Perf.Physician:

● Press the Print key on the control panel to print out the report.
● Press the Freeze key on the control panel to exit the preview screen and return to the
Measurement Report screen.

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 Appendix Clinical Measurement
and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

%Sten(A) Area Reduction in %

%Sten(D) Distance Reduction in %

a Lowest Velocity during Atrial Systole

a Semi-major Axis from Widest Minor Axis Radius to Apex

A2Cd Two Chamber View at End Diastole

A2Cs Two Chamber View at End Systole

A4Cd Four Chamber View at End Diastole

A4Cs Four Chamber View at End Systole

Aa lateral Mitral Valve Lateral Late Diastolic Motion

Aa Medial Mitral Valve Medial Late Diastolic Motion

Aborta Times of Abortions

AC Abdominal Circumference

Accel. Acceleration

AFI Amniotic Fluid Index

Ant Anterior

Ant Tib A Anterior Tibial Artery

Ant Tib V Anterior Tibial Vein

Ao Aorta

AO Aortic Root Diameter

Aorta Aorta

AR DecT Aortic Valve Regurgitation Deceleration Time

AR PHT Aortic Valve Regurgitation Pressure Half Time

AR Rad Aortic Valve Stenosis Radius

131
Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

AR Vmax Aortic Valve Regurgitation Maximum Velocity

AR VTI Aortic Valve Reversed Flow Velocity Time Integral

Art. Artery

ACS Aortic Valve Cusp Separation

AUA Average Ultrasound Age

AV Vmax Aortic Valve Maximum Velocity

AV VTI Aortic Valve Velocity Time Integral

AVA Aortic Valve Area

AVA(VTI) Aortic Valve Orifice Area (Velocity Time Integral)

Axill A Axillary Artery

Axill V Axillary Vein

Abbreviation Description

Basilic V Basilic Vein

Bladder Bladder

BOD Binocular Distance

BPD Biparietal Diameter

Brach A Brachial Artery

Brach V Brachial Vein

Bulb Carotid Artery Bulb

Abbreviation Description

c.s.p Cavum Septum Pellucidum

Carotid Carotid Artery

CCA Common Carotid Artery

Celiac.A. Celiac Artery

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 Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

Ceph V Cephalic Vein

Cereb Transverse Cerebellar Diameter

CI Cephalic Index

CI Cardiac Index

Clav. Clavicle

CM Cisterna Magna

CO Cardiac Output

Com Common

Com Fem A Common Femoral Artery

Com Fem V Common Femoral Vein

Com Iliac A Common Iliac Artery

Com Iliac V Common Iliac Vein

CRL Crown-Rump Length

CUA Composite Ultrasound Age

Abbreviation Description

D Ventricular Diastole Peak Velocity

d Truncated Semi-major Axis from Widest Minor Axis Radius to

Mitral Annulus Plane

Deep Palm A Deep Palmar Artery

Dist Distance

Dors Ped A Dorsal Pedal Artery

Ductus Art Ductus Artery

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Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

E/E'(lateral) Mitral Valve E-wave Peak Velocity to Mitral Valve Lateral

Early Diastolic Motion

Ea lateral Mitral Valve Lateral Early Diastolic Motion

Ea Medial Mitral Valve Medial Early Diastolic Motion

Ea/Aa(Medial) Mitral Valve Medial Early Diastolic Motion to Mitral Valve

Medial Late Diastolic Motion

ECA External Carotid Artery

Ectopic Times of Ectopic Pregnancies

ED End-Diastolic Velocity

EDD Estimated Day of Delivery

EDV Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume

EF Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

EFW Estimated Fetal Weight

Endo.Thickn.(Endo) Endometrial Thickness

EPSS Distance between Point E and the Interventricular Septum

ESV Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume

Ext External

Ext Iliac A External Iliac Artery

Ext Iliac V External Iliac Vein

Abbreviation Description

FHR Fetal Heart Rate

FIB Fibula Length

FL Femur Length

FS Left Ventricular Fractional Shortening

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 Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

GA Gestational Age

Gallbladder Gallbladder

GP Growth Percentile

Gravida Times of Pregnancies

GS Gestational Sac

GSV (Calf) Great Saphenous Vein (Calf)

GSV (Thigh) Great Saphenous Vein (Thigh)

Abbreviation Description

HC Head Circumference

HEM Hemisphere

Hep A Dur Hepatic Vein A-wave Duration

Hep A Vel Hepatic Vein A-wave Flow Velocity

Hep D Vel Hepatic Vein D-wave Flow Velocity

Hep S Vel Hepatic Vein S-wave Flow Velocity

Hip Hip

HL Humerus Length

HR Heart Rate

HR-LV Heart Rate - Left Ventricular

Abbreviation Description

ICA Internal Carotid Artery

Inf Inferior

Inf. ParThyroid Inferior Parathyroid Gland

Innom A Innominate Artery

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Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

Innom V Innominate Vein

Int Internal

Int Iliac A Internal Iliac Artery

Int Iliac V Internal Iliac Vein

Int Jugular V Internal Jugular Vein

IOD Inner Ocular Distance

ITA Inferior Thyroid Artery

IVC Inferior Vena Cava

IVCT Left Ventricular Isovolumetric Contraction Time

IVRT Left Ventricular Isovolumetric Relaxation Time

IVS% Interventricular Septum % Thickening

IVSd Interventricular Septum Diastolic Thickness

IVSs Interventricular Septum Systolic Thickness

Abbreviation Description

Kidney Kidney

Abbreviation Description

LA Left Atria Diameter

LA/AO Left Atria to Aortic Root Ratio

LE Art Lower Extremity Artery

LE Vein Lower Extremity Vein

Lesion Lesion

Liver Liver

LMP Last Menstrual Period

LPA Vmax Left Pulmonary Valve Maximum Velocity

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 Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

LSV Lower Saphenous Vein

Lt Left

LV Tei Left Ventricular Tei Index

LVAd Sax Endo Left Ventricular Endocardial Area at Papillary Muscle

Level at End Diastole in Short-axis View

LVAd Sax Epi Left Ventricular Epicardial Area at Papillary Muscle Level
at End Diastole in Short-axis View

LVd Left Ventricular Dimension at End Diastole

LVET Left Ventricular Ejection Time

LVIDd Left Ventricular Internal End Diastolic Dimension

LVIDs Left Ventricular Internal End Systolic Dimension

LVLd Apical Left Ventricular Long Axis Length at End Diastole in

Apical View

LVM Left Ventricular Mass

LVOT Left Ventricular Outflow Tract

LVOT Vmax Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Maximum Velocity

LVOT VTI Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Velocity Time Integral

LVPEP Left Ventricular Pre-ejection Period

LVPW% Left Ventricular Posterior Wall % Thickening

LVPWd Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Diastolic Thickness

LVPWs Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Systolic Thickness

LVs Left Ventricular Dimension at End Systole

Abbreviation Description

MCA Middle Cephalic Artery

MCS Mitral Valve Cusp Separation

Med Cub V Median Cubital Vein

Mid Middle

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Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

MPA Main Pulmonary Valve Diameter

MPA Vmax Main Pulmonary Valve Maximum Velocity

MR dP/dt Mitral Valve Regurgitation dP/dt derived from Mitral Valve

Regurgitation Velocity

MR ERO Mitral Valve Regurgitant Orifice Area

MR Flow Rate Peak Instantaneous Flow Rate

MR Rad Mitral Valve Stenosis Radius

MR Vmax Mitral Valve Regurgitation Maximum Velocity

MR Volume Mitral Valve Regurgitant Flow

MR VTI Mitral Valve Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral

MS Rad Mitral Valve Stenosis Radius

MS VTI Mitral Valve Stenosis Velocity Time Integral

MV A Amp Mitral Valve A-wave Amplitude

MV A Dur Mitral Valve A-wave Duration

MV A Vel Mitral Valve A-wave Peak Velocity

MV C-O Dur Mitral Valve Close-Open Duration

MV DE Mitral Valve DE Wave Amplitude

MV DecT Mitral Valve Deceleration Time

MV Diam Mitral Valve Diameter

MV E Amp Mitral Valve E-wave Amplitude

MV E Dur Mitral Valve E-wave Duration

MV E Vel Mitral Valve E-wave Peak Velocity

MV E-F Slope Mitral Valve E-F Slope

MV VTI Mitral Valve Velocity Time Integral

MVA Mitral Valve Area

MVA(PHT) Mitral Valve Area (Pressure Half Time)

MVA(VTI) Mitral Valve Orifice Area (Velocity Time Integral)

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 Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

NF Neck Fold

Nipple-Les. D Nipple-Lesion Distance

NT Nuchal Translucency

Abbreviation Description

OFD Occipital Frontal Diameter

Abbreviation Description

PAEDP Pulmonary Artery at End Diastole Period

Pancreas Pancreas

Para Times of Live Births

Peron A Peroneal Artery

Peron V Peroneal Vein

PFA Profunda Femoral Artery

PFV Profunda Femoral Vein

PI Pulsatility Index

PLI Preload Index

Popl A Popliteal Artery

Popl V Popliteal Vein

Port.V. Portal Vein

Post Posterior

Post Tib A Posterior Tibial Artery

Post Tib V Posterior Tibial Vein

PR Vmax Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation Maximum Velocity

PR VTI Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral

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Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

PRI PR Interval

Prof Profunda

Prostate Prostate

Prox Proximal

PS Peak Systolic Velocity

Pulm A Dur Pulmonary Vein A-wave Duration

Pulm A Vel Pulmonary Vein A-wave Flow Velocity

Pulm D Vel Pulmonary Vein D-wave Flow Velocity

Pulm D VTI Pulmonary Vein D-wave Velocity Time Integral

Pulm DecT Pulmonary Vein Deceleration Time

Pulm S Vel Pulmonary Vein S-wave Flow Velocity

Pulm S VTI Pulmonary Vein S-wave Velocity Time Integral

PV AccT Pulmonary Valve Acceleration Time

PV Diam Pulmonary Valve Diameter

PV Vmax Pulmonary Valve Maximum Velocity

PV VTI Pulmonary Valve Velocity Time Integral

PVIV Peak Velocity Index Vein

Abbreviation Description

RAD Radius Length

Rad A Radial Artery

Rad V Radial Vein

RAP Right Atrium Systolic Pressure

Ratio(A) Ratio(Area)

Ratio(D) Ratio(Distance)

Renal A Renal Artery

Renal Cortex Renal Cortex

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 Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

RI Resistivity Index

RPA Vmax Right Pulmonary Artery Maximum Velocity

Rt Right

RV Tei Right Ventricular Tei Index

RVAWd Right Ventricular Anterior Wall Diastolic Thickness

RVET Right Ventricular Ejection Time

RVIDd Right Ventricular Internal End Diastole Dimension

RVOT Right Ventricular Outflow Tract

RVOT Vmax Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Maximum Velocity

RVOT VTI Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Velocity Time Integral

RVPEP Right Ventricular Pre-ejection Period

RVSP Right Ventricular Peak Systolic Pressure

Abbreviation Description

S Ventricular Systole Peak Velocity

Sa lateral Mitral Valve Lateral Systolic Motion

Sa Medial Mitral Valve Medial Systolic Motion

SD (S/D) Systolic to Diastolic Velocity Ratio

SFA Superficial Femoral Artery

SFV Superficial Femoral Vein

SI Stroke Index

Skin-Les. D Skin-Lesion Distance

SMA Superior Mesenteric Artery

Spleen Spleen

STA Superior Thyroid Artery

Subclav A Subclavian Artery

Subclav V Subclavian Vein

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Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

Sup Superior

Sup Superficial

Sup Palm A Superficial Palmar Artery

Sup. ParThyroid Superior Parathyroid

Suprarenal Suprarenal

SV Stroke Volume

Abbreviation Description

TAmax Time Averaged Maximum Velocity

Testicle Testicle

Thyroid Thyroid

Thyroid Ist. Thyroid Isthmus

TIB Tibia Length

TR Fraction Tricuspid Valve Regurgitant Fraction

TR Rad Tricuspid Valve Stenosis Radius

TR Vmax Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Maximum Velocity

TR VTI Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral

TV A Vel Tricuspid Valve A-wave Velocity

TV C-O Dur Tricuspid Valve Close-Open Duration

TV Diam Tricuspid Valve Diameter

TV E Vel Tricuspid Valve E-wave Peak Velocity

TV E/A Tricuspid Valve E to A Ratio

TV Vmax Tricuspid Valve Maximum Velocity

TV VTI Tricuspid Valve Velocity Time Integral

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 Appendix Clinical Measurement and Calculation Item

Abbreviation Description

UE Art Upper Extremity Artery

UE Vein Upper Extremity Vein

Ulna Ulna Length

Ulnar A Ulnar Artery

Ulnar V Ulnar Vein

Abbreviation Description

Va Anterior Horn of Lateral Ventricle

Vertebral A Vertebral Artery

Vessel Vessel

Vp Posterior Horn of Lateral Ventricle

VTI Velocity Time Integral

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