UNIT 2. DESCRIBING PEOPLE, ANIMALS AND THINGS.

Created by : Licda. Naldy Evelin Arteaga Oliva1

Revised and updated by MsDi Misael Jonathan Hernández Vaquerano.

The purpose of this unit is to have students develop the ability to describe people,
animals and things by using adjectives in the positive, comparative and superlative
forms. Student will use Wh questions such as what…look like?, How tall…? How
long….? etc.; Besides, students will be able to use adverbs, adjectives and coordinating
conjunctions ( for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.)
They will practice vocabulary related to functional topics such as describing people,
animals and things or objects.

Contenido
Contenido
UNIT 2. DESCRIBING PEOPLE, ANIMALS AND THINGS. ................................................................................ 1
1. GRAMMAR ............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.1 DESCRIBING PEOPLE APPEARANCE. ............................................................................................. 2
1.2 POSITIVE, COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF THE ADJECTIVES ................................. 4
SUPERLATIVE DEGREE................................................................................................................................... 8
1.3 ADVERBS AND ADJECTIVES ................................................................................................................ 13
1.4 POSSESSIVE (ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS) ........................................................................... 14
ACTIVITY ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
1.5 QUESTION WITH HOW + ADJECTIVES ....................................................................................... 18
1.6 COORDINATING CONJUCTIONS; FOR, AND, NOR, BUT, OR, YET, & SO. ................................... 19
ACTIVITY ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
1.6 VOCABULARY ................................................................................................................................................ 24
2.2-OBJECTS, CLOTHING STYLES, COLORS AND DESIGNS. ...................................................................................... 25

1 Licenciada en Idioma Inglés, docente de la Escuela de Mercadeo Internacional de la Facultad de Ciencias

Económicas, Universidad de El Salvador

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 1. GRAMMAR
1.1 DESCRIBING PEOPLE APPEARANCE.

There are different ways to describe physical appearance about people. The
following chart will provide more information:

Appearance
What does your mother look like? What is your mother like?

She is tall with red hair. She is gorgeous. She is kind and very generous.

On the one hand, the question “What does your mother look like? (¿cómo luce tu
mamá?) It is intended to know how the person looks physically.
On the other hand, the question “What is your mother like?” (¿cómo es tu mamá?),
it is intended to find out the personality of the mother. See the following example:

Dennisse : What’s your dad like?

Jacky : He is generous and hard-working.
Dennisse: Really? What does he look like?
Jacky : Well, he’s bald and he has beard
Dennisse : Does he look like you?
Jacky : Yes, he does. Why are you asking all these questions?
Dennisse : because I think that’s him over there. He is waving at you.

(In order to describe the dressing style, it is necessary to review and study the
vocabulary about clothing style, colors and designs. See page (25).
Read the following paragraph about some dressing styles and work on the
paragraph related activity.

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Every day, I try to dress for the occasion. If I'm going to visit
friends, I generally dress casually. I wear jeans, and I might
throw on a t-shirt. In the case of a date, I usually wear a nice
dress, but nothing too formal. If I go to work, my style is
business casual. I wear trousers and a jacket because it is
important to give a good impression. When I exercise, I
generally wear some shorts and a shirt, and I put on
comfortable, softy sport shoes. Overall, I think new fashions
are replacing traditional ones, but I also think we should also
try to preserve typical traditional clothing. It's part of our
culture and heritage.

According to the above paragraph, what type of dressing style could be used in the
following situations:

1- Visit Friends:
Style Clothes

2- On a date:
Style Clothes

3- At work:
Style Clothes

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4- Exercise at the gym:
Style clothes

1.2 POSITIVE, COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF THE

ADJECTIVES

As it has been studied, adjectives are used to describe nouns, pronouns, subjects.
Some of these qualities may vary depending on the degree of the adjective..
There are different degrees of the adjective. See the following chart:
Positive comparative Superlative
Friendly More friendly The most friendly
Nice Nicer The nicest
Happy Happier The happiest
Pretty Prettier The prettiest
beautiful More beautiful The most beautiful
(Study the vocabulary 2.4 farm animal, wild and pets on page 26)

Rules
Positive degree:
A positive degree is the adjective or adverb that is not used to compare 2 or
more people, animal and objects. In other words, it is the standard form of using
the adjective; see the following examples:

1. María is friendly.
2. Juanita is nice.
3. I am happy.
4. Mónica is pretty.
5. Rosita is beautiful.

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Comparative degree.
The comparative form takes place when the adjective is used to compare 2 people,
animals, objects, etc., by showing a greater or lower degree. In English, for most of the
short adjectives, the suffix er is added. However, if the adjective is long, the word more is
added before the adjective. An adjective is considered short if it has one or two syllables.
However, if it has three or more syllables, it is considered log. (See the following chart).

Short adjectives Long adjectives

Short Beautiful
Long Handsome
cool Difficult
Fast Complicated
Noisy Interesting

Comparative form
As it was explained previously, to create the comparative using short adjectives, the
suffix “er” is added. After, the word “than” is added.

SHORT ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE

Long Longer than
Short Shorter than
Old Older than
Young Younger than
High Higher than

1. If the adjective ends with the vowel “e”, we remove the “e” and add “er” to write the
comparative form.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE FORM

Nice Nicer than
Late Later than
wise Wiser than
Large Larger than
Strange Stranger than

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 Brave Braver than
Rude Ruder than
Safe Safer than
Cute Cuter than

2. There are some short adjectives that end with a consonant and have only one
syllable. To write the comparative form, we double the last consonant and we
add the suffix er.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
Fat Fatter than
Thin Thinner than
Hot Hotter than
Big Bigger than
Wet Wetter than
Sad Sadder than

4. When de adjective ends with the letter “y”, we change it by the letter “i” and the suffix er
is added.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
Sunny Sunnier than
Happy Happier than
Funny Funnier than
Pretty Prettier than
Tasty Tastier than
Rainy Rainier than
Angry Angrier than
Scary Scarier than
Dry Drier than
Shy Shier than
Easy Easier than

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5. Exceptions will apply for some adjectives that end with ed, -ing,-ful, or –less.
Although they have 2 syllables, instead of adding the suffix er, the word “more” is
added. Don´t forget to add the word than.

Adjectives ending with ed, - ing, - ful, -less. Comparative form

Worried More worried than
Boring More boring than
Careful More careful than
Useless More useless than

6. Long adjectives.
The following chart shows the changes that are made to long adjectives when
writing the comparative forms. For all long adjectives, the word “more” is added
at the beginning. . Don´t forget to add the word “than.” Read the examples:

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
Beautiful More beautiful than
Fascinating More fascinating than
Interesting More interesting than
Complicated More complicated than
Important More important than

Examples:

1. Maria is faster than Rose.

2. Jenny is more beautiful than Laura.
3. Rebecca is smarter than Jessy.
4. English is more interesting than French.
5. Reading is more important than watching Television.
6. A tennis ball is smaller than a soccer ball.
7. Math is more complicate than Social Science.
8. An Elephant is bigger than a dog.
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9. A cake is sweeter than a bread.
10. Watching a movie is more boring than Reading a book.
11. A hamburger is tastier than potatoes.

7. Irregular adjectives:
Be careful with the irregular adjectives, in order to write comparative and superlative
forms, the structure is different than regular adjectives.
See the chart below:
Irregular adjectives Comparative Superlative
Good Better than The best
Bad Worse The worst
Little Less The Least
Old Elder than The oldest
Far Farther than The farthest
Far Further than The furthest

SUPERLATIVE DEGREE

Before studying the superlative form of the adjectives, it is important to clarify that it used to
express the superiority of a person, animal, object, group of people, etc., after being
compared with 2 or more members of the group.

Read and study the following rules:

1. The suffix “est” is added to most of the adjectives in the superlative form. See the below
chart: (Don´t forget to add the definite article the.)
ADJECTIVE SUPERLATIVE

Cheap The cheapest

Fast The fastest
Slow The slowest
Wide The widest
Strong The strongest
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2. If the adjective ends with the vowel “e”, it is removed and the Word “est” is added.
ADJETIVO SUPERLATIVE
Nice The nicest
Late The latest
Safe The safest
Rude The rudest

3. There are some short adjectives that end with a consonant and have only one syllable. To
write the superlative form, we double the last consonant and we add the suffix est.
ADJETIVO SUPERLATIVO
Thin The thinnest
Hot The hottest
Big The biggest
Wet The wettest
Sad The saddest

4. When de adjective ends with the letter “y”, we change it by the letter “i” and the suffix
“est” is added.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
Dirty The dirtiest
Heavy The heaviest
Rainy The rainiest
Cloudy The cloudiest
Scary The scariest

8. Long adjectives.
The following chart shows the changes that are made to long adjectives when
writing the superlative forms. For all long adjectives, the word “most” is added at
the beginning. . Don´t forget to add the definite article “the” Read the examples:

ADJETIVO SUPERLATIVO
Delicious The most delicious
Exciting The most exciting

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 Creative The most creative
Comfortable The most comfortable
Economical The most economical
Examples:

1. Walter is the fastest runner in the team. (In this this sentence, Walter is being compared with the
members of the team. In other words, more than 2 people.)
2. The Antarctic blue whale is the biggest animals on the planet. (In this
sentence, the Antarctic blue whale is being compared with all animals in the
planet.)
3. Raul is the tallest student in the class. (In this sentence, Raul is being compared with all
students in the class)
4-New York is the biggest city in the United States. (Nueva York city is being compared
with all other cities within the United States.)

9. Irregular adjectives:
Be careful with the irregular adjectives, in order to write the superlative forms, the
structure is different than regular adjectives.
See the chart below:
5.
Irregular adjectives Superlative
Good The best
Bad The worst
Little The Least
Old The oldest
Far The farthest
Far The furthest

Examples:
1. This car is the best gift I have ever received. (In this sentence you are
comparing the car with all other gift you have received in your life.)

2. Today is the worst day I've had in a long time. (In this sentence, you are
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 comparing today with all the other days you have lived.)

3. This red car is the least expensive in the dealership. (In this sentence, you are
comparing one specific red car with all cars that are being sold at the
dealership).

4. Veronica´s house is the farthest away from school. (You are comparing many
houses with Veronica´s). Farthest is the superlative of farther and far.

5. The furthest evidence of the research will be presented tomorrow. (In this
sentence, the furthest evidence is being compared with all other evidence that
has been presented already.)

Important!

Many people tend to mix the use of farthest with furthest. However, farther
/the farthest have to do with physical distance and further/the furthest are used
more in the context of nonphysical but a sort of conceptual meaning.

Comparative vs Superlative

short adjectives short adjectives

Structure: Structure:

Subject + be+ adjective (er) than+ complement. Subject + be+ the+ adjective (est) + complement

Mary is prettier Than Rose. Mary is the prettiest girl in the class.

Anthony is taller than Marcos. Anthony is the tallest student in the class.

John is smarter than Peter. John is the smartest student in the class.

A dog is bigger than a dog. My dog is the biggest pet I have at home.

Sarah is nicer than Anna Sarah is the nicest girl in the family.

Long adjectives Long adjectives

Structure: Structure:

Subject + be+more+adjective+ than+ complement Subject + be+ the most+ adjective+ complement

Ralph is more intelligent than William. Ralph is the most intelligent student in the class.

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Monica is more beautiful than Laura. Monica is the most beautiful girl in the class.

Math is more difficult than English. Math is the most difficult subject.

Chicken is more delicious than rice. Chicken is the most delicious food for me.

Pit bulls are more dangerous than “aguacateros.” Pit bulls are the most dangerous dogs.

ACTIVITIES:

A-Write the adjective that is in parenthesis with the correct comparative form.
1-Raul is (tall) than Carlos
2-Evelin is (old) than Manuel.
3- My hair is (long) than your hair.
4- This morning is _ (peaceful) than yesterday morning.
5-Veronica is (careful) than Katherine.

B- Write the adjective that is in parenthesis with the correct superlative form.
1- Claudia is the (tall) of all the students.
2- Jupiter is the (big) planet in our Solar System.
3-Jackeline is (Smart) girl in our class.
4- This is (interesting) book I have ever read.
5-I am (short) person in my family.

C- Read the following nouns and the adjectives; then, write a

sentence and link them by using either comparative or superlative
forms of the adjectives: The first example is already done.

1. Apples - oranges (sweet) Apples are sweeter than oranges.

2. A house – a hut (big) ________________________________________________________________________
3. A pizza – a hot dog ( delicious) ________________________________________________________________
4. A movie - a soap opera ( interesting) _________________________________________________________
5. An IPhone X – LG cellphone ( expensive) _____________________________________________________
6. A bed - a chair (comfortable). _______________________________________________________________
7. A Television – cellphone (large)_______________________________________________________________
8. A dog – (good) pet you can have_______________________________________________________________
9. A cat - (bad) pet you can have________________________________________________________________

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 10. An elephant (big) animal in the zoo___________________________________________________________

1.3 ADVERBS AND ADJECTIVES

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb. There are some
adverbs that are used with certain adjectives with the purpose of adding a degree of intensity to
them. See the following chart to find out those adverbs:

ENGLISH SPANISH
Extremely Extremadamente
Very /pretty Muy
Really Muy/realmente
Fairly Bastante
Somewhat Algo
too demasiado

Read the following sentences to find out how the adverbs are used to modify an adjective.

 San Francisco is really nice.

 It is fairly big.
 It is not a very expensive place.
 It is too noisy.
 It is too crowded for me.

Read the following sentences to find out how the adverbs are used to modify a verb. They
usually end with the word “ly”
 I played carefully.
 Mario ran slowly.
 She answer the phone rudely.
 She arrived early.
 They answer correctly.

Read the following sentences to find out how the adverbs are used to modify other adverbs:
 He played very carefully.
 He is almost always busy.
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  They sang too loudly.
 Maria answered me very politely.
How to use adverbs depends on what we want to express. Read the following
dialogue to see how they are sued:

Carlos : So, where are you from Denisse?

Denisse: I’m from San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Carlos : Wow, I think it is a really nice city.
Denisse: Yeah, it is. The weather is great, and there are some fantastic beaches nearby.
Carlos : Is it expensive there?
Denisse: No, it is not very expensive. Prices are pretty
reasonable. Carlos : how big is the city?
Denisse: It’s a fairly big city. It’s not too big though.
Carlos : It sounds perfect to me. Maybe I should plan a trip there sometime.

1.4 POSSESSIVE (ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS)

In the English language, there are different ways to indicate that something belong to
us. Let´s see the difference between possessive adjective and possessive pronouns:

PERSONAL POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE

PRONOUNS ADJECTIVES PRONOUNS
I my mine
You your yours
He his his
She her hers
It its its
We our ours
You your yours
They their theirs

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As it was shown on the above chart, the possessive adjectives are my, your, his,
her, its, our, your, their. This are used to make reference to the owner and not to
the belongings. These possessive adjectives are always followed by a noun.
Therefore, they are found before a noun.

My - mi, mis
Your - tu, tus / su, sus (de usted)
His - su, sus (de él)
Her - su, sus (de ella)
Its - su, sus (de algo)
Our - nuestro/a/os/as
Your - su, sus (de ustedes/vosotros)

Take a look at the following chart that will explain them further.

Their - su, sus (de ellos/as)ENGLISH SPANISH

I am a teacher. I like my job. Soy profesor. Me gusta mi trabajo.

You work here, and your wife works Tú trabajas aquí y tu esposa trabaja aquí
here too. también.
Bill washes his car every day. Bill lava su auto todos los días.
Diana still lives with her parents Diana todavía vive con sus padres.
We are studying Japan and its culture. Estamos estudiando Japón y su cultura.
The Earth is our planet. La Tierra es nuestro planeta.
You all love your country. Todos ustedes aman a su país.
Our neighbors are painting their house. Nuestros vecinos están pintando su casa.

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Important:
→ Don´t get confused with the contraction of it is= it's with its. The possessive
pronoun/adjective. “Its” does not take the apostrophe (' )

→ The possessive adjectives are always linked with the person who possesses
something, not with object or belonging. For example, Peter and his wife (Peter y su
esposa) → although wife is female, we might think that the adjective pronoun her
would be ok. However, we are referring to Peter as the “owner”. Therefore, we use the
adjective pronoun his.
Now, let´s read the following example; Rosa and her husband work together. In this sentence,
the wife is the owner; therefore, the adjective pronoun must be her.

→ Adjective pronouns do not take the plural form. See the following sentences: Pay
attention to the possessive adjectives which are in bold.

My Friends live in Canada. Correct

Mys friends live in Canada. (Incorrect)

Paul and Robert are brothers. Their parents are married. Correct

Paul and Robert are brothers. Theirs parents are married. (Incorrect)

Possessive pronouns

The possessive pronouns are the following: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, yours, and
theirs. These indicate possession and do not change. Possessive pronouns are not followed
by an article. The position in which they are found is at the end of a verb or before a verb.
Check the following possessive with the equivalent meaning in Spanish.

Mine - (el/la/lo/los/las) mío/a míos/as

Yours - (el/la/lo/los/las) tuyo/a tuyos/as
His - (el/la/lo/los/las) suyo/a suyos/as
Hers - (el/la/lo/los/las) suyo/a suyos/as
Ours - (el/la/lo/los/las) nuestro/a, nuestros/as
Yours - (el/la/lo/los/las) de ustedes

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 Theirs - (el/la/lo/los/las) suyo/a suyos/as

ENGLISH SPANISH
Can you lend me a pencil? - I forgot mine. ¿Puedes prestarme un lápiz? - Olvidé el mío.
That is my problem, not yours. Ese es mi problema, no tuyo.
Jack wears a nice hat. Is it his? Jack usa un lindo sombrero. ¿Es suyo (de él)?
This belongs to Sally. It's hers. Esto pertenece a Sally. Es de ella.
Their city is old. Ours is new. Su ciudad es vieja. La nuestra es nueva.
Our house is next to yours. Nuestra casa está al lado de la de ustedes.
My apartment is here. Theirs is there. Mi apartamento está aquí. El de ellos está allí.

Important notice
There is not such a possessive pronoun for it.

→The article THE is never used along with possessive pronouns.

Example,
1. The house is mine. ( correct).
The house is the mine. (Incorrect)
2. This car is yours ( correct)
This car is the yours (Incorrect).
The wallet is his. ( correct)
The wallet is the his Incorrect).
The doll is hers. ( correct)
The doll is the hers. Incorrect).

His is for male and hers is for female. Read the following example;
Monica and Robert have big houses.
Whose house is bigger? Hers or his?
The possessive pronoun hers refers to Monica´s house.
The possessive pronoun his refers to Robert´s

Similar to adjective pronouns, possessive pronouns do not take plural forms. See the
next examples:
This book is ours. (One book)
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 These books are ours. (Several books)
These book are ourses. (Incorrect)

ACTIVITY
Read the following dialogue; then, complete it by using the words in
parenthesis correctly.
1. A: Is this Claudia´s hat?
B: No it isn’t (her/hers). It’s _ (my/mine)

2. A: Are these (your/yours) gloves?

B: No, they aren’t (my/mine) gloves. Let’s ask Kathy.
Maybe they are (her/hers)

1.5 QUESTION WITH HOW + ADJECTIVES

The structure How +adjective is used when we want to know specific

information such as heights, depths about places. For example:
How deep is the Grand Canyon? It’s about 1,900 meters Deep.
How cold is El Pital in the Winter? It goes down to about 10°.
How far is the University from your house? It’s about 3 kilometers.

How long is the Lempa river? It’s about 100 kilometers long.

How hot is San Miguel in the summer? It gets up to about 38°.

(Review and study the vocabulary about 2.4 Geography)

ACTIVITY
-Read the following answers to unknown questions; then, decode the questions and
write them down on the space provided by using the structure how + adjectives.
1 ? Niagara Falls is 52 meters high.
2- ? California is about403,970 square
Kilometers.
3- ? The Nile is 6,670 kilometers long
4- ? Osaka is 400 kilometers from Tokyo.
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 5- ? Mexico City gets up to about 28 °.

1.6 COORDINATING CONJUCTIONS; FOR, AND, NOR, BUT, OR, YET, & SO.

Coordinating conjunctions are words used to link together 2 elements of equal grammatical
level and syntactic importance. You can recall them buy studying them in the following
way F-A-N B-O-Y-S
F= For
A= And
N= Nor
B=But
O= Or
Y= Yet.
S = SO

FOR
This coordinating conjunction is used to add an explanation to a previous statement. (The

meaning is similar to “because”.) It can only connect clauses.

Example:

1. I study English every day, for it will help me get good grades. (2 clauses are connected)

2. I like reading old books, for it is very interesting. (2 clauses are connected)

3. I can’t go to the party today, for I have an exam tomorrow. (2 clauses are connected)

Important notice:

Do not get confused with the preposition “FOR” ; example, I did it for you.

I want it for playing.

The coordinating conjunctions FOR links two clauses; as noted on the above sentences.

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 AND

This coordinating conjunction is used to add another sentence with the same structure.

Examples:

1. Mary is intelligent and beautiful. ( Connecting 2 adjectives)

2. I did my homework quickly and carefully. ( Connecting 2 adverbs)

3. I like reading and fishing (Connecting 2 gerunds).

4. Maria works, and she goes to school. (Connecting 2 sentences.)

5. I am student and worker. (Connecting 2 nouns).

6. I have a cat and a dog. (Connecting 2 nouns)

7. I work and study. (Connecting 2 verbs).

I like fishing and to play soccer. Incorrect sentence.

I like fishing and playing soccer. Correct. (Connecting the same structures.)

A comma is not needed if you connect nouns, adjectives, adverbs. However, if you link another

sentence, the comma is needed. Seen the following example:

Peter is a singer, and he is a song writer too. (2 sentences are connected. So, the comma is

needed.)

NOR

This coordinating conjunctions can connect only clauses. Therefore, it is limited. The verb on

the second clause has to be reversed. A comma is needed before the conjunction NOR.

The first sentence must be negative in order to connect the following sentence using “nor”.

1. Peter doesn´t like to go to school, nor does he like to do his homework.

2. John dislikes “pupusas”, nor does he like “Empanadas”

3. Mary and Ralph are not good friends, nor do they talk each other.

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 4. Robert does not study for the exam, nor does he get good grades.

5. We don´t like romantic movies, nor do we enjoy soap operas.

BUT

This coordinating conjunction is used to connect ideas that are different and that contrast with

the first sentence.

1. I like swimming, but I don´t like running.

2. Mary likes jogging, but she doesn’t´ like climbing.

3. I like English, but I don´t like Math.

4. I want to go to the beach, but I feel very tired.

5. I want a hamburger, but I don´t have money to buy it.

6. I have to study for my exam, but I don´t have enough time.

OR

This coordinating conjunction is used to connect alternatives. It is placed before the alternative. It can
like words or full clauses (sentence 3 and 4. A comma is needed if it is used to connect 2 clauses.)
Examples:
1. Do you prefer chicken or turkey?
2. Would you like water or soda?
3. I will study Math, or I will study English.
4. Mary will visit her mother, or she will visit her grandmother.
5. Do you have any brothers or sisters?

Yet
This coordinating conjunction is used to connect 2 words, phrases or clauses. A comma is needed.
Do not get confused with the adverb yet; example: I have not finished yet. (This is an adverb).
1. The weather was cold, yet bright and sunny. (2 words are connected. “It is a conjunction”.)
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 2. The car was old, yet fast and stable. (2 words are connected. “It is a conjunction”.)
3. The car was new, yet slow and unstable. (2 words are connected. “It is a conjunction”.)
4. Mike plays tennis well, yet his favorite sport is soccer. (2 clauses are connected.)
5. Mark is tired, yet he is working very hard. (2 clauses are connected. “It is a conjunction”.)

SO
This coordinating conjunction is used to connect 2 clauses. A comma is needed.
Do not get confused with the adverb so; example: I feel so angry today. Veronica likes
hamburgers, and so do I. (This is an adverb).
1. It rained heavily, so I didn´t play. ( Conjunction linking 2 clauses)
2. There are no classes today, so I won´t go to school. ( Conjunction linking 2 clauses)
3. I couldn´t sleep yesterday, so I watched a movie. ( Conjunction linking 2 clauses)
4. Mary does not come to classes, so she gets bad grades. ( Conjunction linking 2 clauses)
5. I like playing soccer, so I play every day. ( Conjunction linking 2 clauses)

ACTIVITY
Read the following sentences, then, connect them by using the most appropriate
coordinating conjunction; for, and, nor, but, or, yet and so. The first one is already
done.
1. Mary could eat chicken. Mary could eat pizza.
Mary could eat chicken or pizza.
2. Frank likes soccer. Frank does not like Basketball.
______________________________________________________________
3. Rob did not do his homework. Rob was sick.
_____________________________________________________________
4. George and Lucy might eat pupusas. They might eat “tacos”.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Jack will not do his homework. Jack will not go to school.
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. Veronica works every day. Veronica studies every day.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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 7. The car was old. The car was fast.
_________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Monica likes hamburgers. Monica buys hamburgers every day.

___________________________________________________________________________________

Read the following sentences and the options. Then, select the most appropriate coordinating
conjunction to link the sentences.
1. I work every day,_____________ I feel tired at night.
a) but b) so c) yet d) for
2. My sister likes chicken,_______ she doesn´t like hamburgers.
a) but b) so c) and d) for
3. Marcos is a student,______ he is a mechanic also.
and b) but c) yet d) for
4. The room was small,________ colorful and nice.
a) yet b) so c) and d) nor

5. Tiffany did not study for the test________did she do her homework.
a) but b) so c) yet d) nor

6. Ronnie will buy a house_________ a new car.

a) but b) or c) nor d) for

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1.6 VOCABULARY

2.1 ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE PEOPLE, THINGS AND ANIMALS.

ENGLISH SPANISH ENGLISH SPANISH
Beautiful Hermosa Interesting Interesante
Big Grande Late Tarde
Boring Aburrido Long Largo
Careful Cuidadoso Nice Amable
Cheap Barato Old Viejo
Cloudy Nublado Pretty Bonita
Comfortable Comodo Rainy Lluvioso
Creative Creativo Sad Triste
Delicious Delicioso Scary Miedoso
Dirty Sucio Selfish Egoísta
Economical Económico Short Corto/
Exciting Emocionante Slow Lento/despacio
Fast Rápido Strong Fuerte
Fat Gordo Sunny Soleado
Funny Gracioso/divertido Tasty Sabroso
Happy Feliz Thin Delgado
Heavy Pesado Wet Húmedo
High Alto Wide Ancho
Hot Caliente Young Joven

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2.2-OBJECTS, CLOTHING STYLES, COLORS AND DESIGNS.
ENGLISH SPANISH ENGLISH SPANISH
ACCESSORIES ACCESORIOS plaid de un solo color
purse Bolso striped a rayas
wallet Billetera floral print estampado floral
handbag Bolso polka-dotted de puntos
briefcase Maletín wool lana
cosmetic case Cosmétiquera nylon nylon
suitcase Maleta silk seda
umbrella Paraguas polyester poliéster
hat Sombrero suede gamuza
scarf Bufanda linen lino
gloves guantes STYLES ESTILOS
handkerchief Pañuelo classic clásico
sunglasses Gafas de sol cool fresco
ring Anillo funky funky
necklace Collar elegant elegante
bracelet Pulsera punk punk
earrings Aretes boho Bohemio
DESIGNS DISEÑOS street wear ropa de calle
print Estampado casual casual
checked a cuadros business casual casual de negocios
paisley casimir hipster Hipster
cotton Algodón punk Punk
leather cuero

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2.3 FARM ANIMALS, WILD AND PETS

ENGLISH SPANISH ENGLISH SPANISH

elephant elefante shark tiburón
giraffe jirafa gazelle gacela
zebra cebra turtle tortuga
lion león dolphin delfín
tiger tigre Goldfish Pez dorado
leopard leopardo Hamster Hamster
puma puma parrot loro
rhinoceros rinoceronte cat gato
hippopotamus hipopótamo dog perro
monkey mono chicken pollo
sloth perezoso cow vaca
iguana iguana donkey burro
armadillo armadillo duck pato
ostrich avestruz goat cabra
kangaroo canguro goose ganso
bear oso hen gallina
hyena hiena horse caballo
seal foca lamb obeja

2.4 GEOGRAPHY
ENGLISH SPANISH ENGLISH SPANISH
bay bahía mountain montaña
brook arroyo ocean océano
canyon cañón rapids rápidos
channel canal reef arrecife
cliff acantilado river río
coast costa sea sea - mar
creek riachuelo shore orilla, costa
desert desierto spring manantial
forest bosque, selva stream arroyo
pantano,
gulf golfo swamp
ciénaga
hills sierras, colinas valley valle
island isla volcano volcán
lagoon laguna waterfall catarata
lake lago wood bosque
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BIBLIOGRAFIA:

-Richards, J. (2005) Interchange 2, Third Edition, New York. Cambridge

University Press.

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