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9 views4 pages

Sheet 2

Uploaded by

hossmazika3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sheet 2

Provide a correct answer to each of the following questions


Question 1:
1- List three types of ICs commonly found on the system board.

-Northbridge
-Southbridge
-ROM

2- Why ROM is designed for Read only and don't Read & Write?

-To protect the contents of computer specification

3- Which of the following best describes the difference between BIOS and
CMOS?
A. BIOS contains the configuration information for the system, while
CMOS is the low-level code that allows the devices to communicate.
B. BIOS is stored in RAM, while CMOS is stored in ROM.
C. BIOS is stored in RAM, while CMOS is stored in cache memory.
D. CMOS contains the configuration information for the system, while
BIOS is the low-level code that allows the devices to communicate.

4- Cache memory is used to _A_______.


A. increase the speed of data access
B. increase the size of memory available to programs
C. store data in nonvolatile memory
D. augment the memory used for the operating system kernel

5- During startup, the memory of a computer is tested by_POST_____.


A. the CMOS setup program
B. the POST
C. the CPU
D. the Interrupt Controller

6- Draw the state diagram that defines an instruction cycle

1
Question 2
a: What are the differences between the following items?
1- MAR and MBR
Memory address register saves the address of the operand or instruction To be accessed
from memory
Memory Buffer register saves data or operand to be accessed from memory (read/write)
2- Fetch and Execute instructions.
Fetch instructions: retrieves the instruction from memory
Execute instructions: performs the operation specified by the instruction.
3- Multiplexed bus and dedicated bus?
Multiplexed Share Address and data lines, while dedicated is separated
4- An asynchronous bus and synchronous bus

synchronous is controlled by clock while asynchronous is controlled by


the devices.
Question 2b: Fill the blank
1- The address bus width determines—the memory size----------------------------------

While data bus width determines---Data transfer--------------------------------------

2- DRAM has 64 bit and operates at 400 MHz, calculate BW in MByte/s for this
DRAM.
Bandwidth (BW) = Data bus width × Clock speed

= 400 X 8 = 3200 MB/Sec

2
3- Control bus holds signals of ---R-/W-----, -----Clock---------,and----intrupt---

Question 3:
Consider a hypothetical machine has 16-bit microprocessor having 16-bit
instructions composed of two fields: The first by 4-bit contains the opcode and
the remainder is the immediate operand or an operand address. Consider this
machine has two I/O instructions:
0011 = Load AC from I/O
0111 = Store AC to I/O
In these cases, the 12-bit address identifies a particular I/O device. Show the
program execution (using the format of the next Figure) for the following
program:
Load AC from device 5.
Add contents of memory location 940.
Store AC to device 6.
Assume that the next value retrieved from device 5 is 3 and that location 940
contains a value of 2.

CPU before location 300 is


Memory
fetched
Location Contents Location Contents
300 3005 PC register 300
301 5940 AC register ….
Instruction
302 7006 …..
Register
… …
940 2

CPU after location 300 is


CPU after load instruction
fetched and placed in the
is executed
instruction register
Location Contents Location Contents
PC register 301 PC register 301
AC register …. AC register 3
Instruction Instruction
3005 3005
Register Register

3
CPU after instruction in
location 301 is fetched and
placed in the instruction CPU after add instruction
register is executed

Location Contents Location Contents


PC register 302 PC register 302
AC register 3 AC register 5
Instruction Instruction
5940 5940
Register Register

CPU after instruction in


location CPU after store instruction is
302 is fetched and placed in the executed. A 5 is written to device 6.
instruction register
Location Contents Location Contents
PC register 303 PC register 303
AC register 5 AC register 5
Instruction Instruction
7006 7006
Register Register

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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