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Gen Physics 1 Sample Problem On Projectile Motion

PROJECTILE MOTION PPT

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70 views6 pages

Gen Physics 1 Sample Problem On Projectile Motion

PROJECTILE MOTION PPT

Uploaded by

norielynanes2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GENERAL PHYSICS 1 - What Is Projectile?

A projectile is any object thrown into space upon which the


only acting force is gravity. The primary force acting on a
projectile is gravity. This doesn’t necessarily mean that other
forces do not act on it, just that their effect is minimal
compared to gravity. The path followed by a projectile is known
as a trajectory. A baseball batted or thrown is an example of a
projectile.
What Is Projectile Motion?
When a particle is thrown obliquely near the earth’s surface, it
moves along a curved path under constant acceleration
directed towards the center of the earth (we assume that the
particle remains close to the earth’s surface). The path of such
a particle is called a projectile, and the motion is called
projectile motion.

In a Projectile Motion, there are two simultaneous independent


rectilinear motions:
Along the x-axis: uniform velocity, responsible for the
horizontal (forward) motion of the particle.
Along the y-axis: uniform acceleration, responsible for the
vertical (downwards) motion of the particle.
Acceleration in the horizontal projectile motion and vertical
projectile motion of a particle: When a particle is projected in
the air with some speed, the only force acting on it during its
time in the air is the acceleration due to gravity (g). This
acceleration acts vertically downward. There is no acceleration
in the horizontal direction, which means that the velocity of the
particle in the horizontal direction remains constant.
Parabolic Motion of Projectiles
Let us consider a ball projected at an angle θ with respect to
the horizontal x-axis with the initial velocity u as shown below:

The point O is called the point of projection; θ is the angle of projection


and OB = Horizontal Range or Simply Range. The total time taken by the
particle from reaching O to B is called the time of flight.
For finding different parameters related to projectile motion, we can
make use of differential equations of motions:
Total Time of Flight
Resultant displacement (s) = 0 in Vertical direction. Therefore, the time
of flight formula is given by using the Equation of motion:
gt2 = 2(uyt – sy) [Here, uy = u sin θ and sy = 0]
i.e. gt2 = 2t × u sin θ
Therefore, the time of flight formula (t) is given by:
Total time of flight = 2usin theta/g
Horizontal Range
Horizontal Range (OA) = Horizontal component of velocity (ux) × Total
Flight Time (t)
R = u cos θ × 2u×sinθg
Therefore, in a projectile motion, the Horizontal Range is given by (R):
Horizontal Range = u2 Sin theta / g
Maximum Height of Projectile
After understanding what a projectile is, let us know the maximum
height of the projectile. The object’s maximum height is the highest
vertical position along its trajectory. The horizontal displacement of the
projectile is called the range of the projectile. The range of the
projectile depends on the object’s initial velocity.
If v is the initial velocity, g = acceleration due to gravity and H =
maximum height in meters, θ = angle of the initial velocity from the
horizontal plane (radians or degrees).
The maximum height of the projectile is given by the formula:
V0^2 sin2theta/2g
Solved Examples
An object is launched at a velocity of 40 m/s in a direction making an
angle of 50° upward with the horizontal.
Q1. What is the maximum height reached by the object?
Q2. What is the object’s total flight time (between launch and touching
the ground)?
Q3. What is the object’s horizontal range (maximum x above ground)?
Solution:
The velocity components Vx and Vy are given by the formula:
In the given problem
V0 = 40 m/s
? = 50° and g is 9.8 m/s2
The component y gives the height of the projectile, and it reaches its
maximum value when the component Vy is equal to zero. That is when
the projectile changes from moving upward to moving downward.
Substituting and solving for t, we get
T = V0 Sin(?)/g = 40 Sin(50)/9.8 = 3.12 seconds
To find the maximum height, substitute t in the equation y, and w
Y = V0 Sin?/3.12 – ½(9.8)(3.12^2)
Solving, we get
Y = 40Sin 50 degrees/3.12 – ½(9.8)(3.12^2) = 47.9 meters
The maximum height reached by the object is 47.9 metres.The time of
flight is the interval between when the projectile is launched (t1) and
when the projectile touches the ground (t2).
Hence,
V0Sin(?)t – ½ gt2
Solve for t
T(V0Sin(?) – ½ gt2
Solving, we get two solutions as follows:
T = t1 = 0
And
T = t2 = 2VSin(?)/g
Time of flight can be calculated as follows:
Time of flight = 2(20)Sin(?)/g = 6.25 seconds

Horizontal Range is the horizontal distance given by x at t = t2.


Range = x(t2) = V0cos(?)V0Sin(?)/g = V0^2 Sin (2?)/g = 40^2Sin
(2(50degrees))/9.8 = 6.25 meters

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