Examples of Dialogue-based

interface :

» Chatbots where conversational

agents interact with users through
natural language.

» Voice Assistants of systems like

Siri, Google Assistant, or Alexa that
respond to spoken commands.

» Text-Based Interfaces ; Interactive

systems where users communicate
with the computer through text
commands.

Advantages of Dialogue-based Disadvantages of Dialogue-

Advantages of GUI Advantages of CLI interface based interface
Dialogue-based user
» More user-friendly because user » The user is not restricted to » No need to take hands off interfaces use the » Unreliable as not many
does not need to learn any a number of pre-determined steering wheel human voice to give commands are yet to be
commands ; icons are used to options » Useful for people with disabilities commands to a recognised
represent applications at home computer system » Quite complex to set up
» It is possible to alter » Used as a security feature - voice » User needs to know which
» A pointing device is used to click computer configuration recognition commands to use
on an icon to launch the settings
application - simpler than typing
commands » Resource efficient

» control of the
» allowing
operation of the input,
A graphical user interface (GUI) is a communication
output and backing
visual interface that allows users to between user and the
storage devices
interact with the computer (or computer system (user
A command line interface interface)
MP3 player, gaming device, mobile
(CLI) a text-based interface
phone, etc.) using graphical elements
where users interact with
such as icons, buttons, and windows Operating system is a
the computer by entering
» maintains security in
commands into a command Allows communication software that runs in
WIMP Interface : the whole computer
prompt. between the user and the background of a
» Windows are regions of the screen 1.3 Operating Systems system ; computer log,
the computer with the computer and manages
used to display information detailed computer
» requires a user to type in help of a user interface basic functions of the
» Icons are small pictures that are used usage
instructions to carry out computer
to represent folders, software, etc.
basic functions like opening
» Menus are lists of options the user
apps, selecting from a menu,
can select from » supervising the
etc
» A pointer is an arrow that can be » dealing with errors loading, running and
moved around the screen and is used to that occur in storage of applications
select things application programs programs

Disadvantages of GUI Disadvantages of CLI

Advantages of Gesture-based Disadvantages of
interface Gesture-based interface
» Uses up more computer memory than CLI due » The user needs to learn a number of
to the graphical elements and animations. commands to carry out basic Gesture-based
» Replaces mechanical input » Unintentional
operations interfaces rely on
devices movement can be picked
» The user is limited to the icons provided on the human interaction by
» No physical contact required up
screen » All commands need to be typed in ; the moving of hands,
» Very natural interface for a » Only works fairly near
takes time and can be error-prone head or even the feet
human operator to the camera or sensor
» Needs a more complex OS ( Windows ) to » No training needed to interface » Only accepts a limited
operate, which can be slower to execute » Each command must be typed in
with computer number of movements
commands usein correct format, spelling, and so
on

Examples of Gesture-based interface :

GUIs are generally more user-friendly which » Experienced users, programmer,
makes them accessible to a broader range of analyst or technician who needs » Gesture Recognition Systems are
users ; end-user does not need to have any direct communication with the devices that interpret physical
great knowledge of how computer works computer use CLI as they require gestures as commands.
fine-grained control over system
» Commonly used in desktop environments, configurations to develop new » Touchless Interaction which uses
consumer software, and applications where a software, locate errors and remove gestures to control devices without
visually appealing interface is essential ; to run them, initiate memory dumps etc physically touching them.
software, play games, manipulate/store
photographs
» Virtual Reality (VR) Controllers
which are input devices that capture
hand and body movements in virtual
environments.