Multi-functional Smart Car Kit

Content
Packing list .......................................................................................................................................................................................................1
Lesson 1 Installing IDE ....................................................................................................................................................................................2
Lesson 2 Add Libraries and Open Serial Monitor ......................................................................................................................................... 17
Lesson 3 Blink ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Lesson 4 Installation Method .........................................................................................................................................................................40
Lesson 5 Servo ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 55
Lesson 6 Ultrasonic Sensor Module .............................................................................................................................................................. 59
Lesson 7 1602 I2C Module ............................................................................................................................................................................65
Lesson 8 IR Receiver Module ........................................................................................................................................................................69
Lesson 9 Tracking Sensor .............................................................................................................................................................................. 74
Lesson 10 Bluetooth Module ......................................................................................................................................................................... 78
Lesson 11 L298N Motor Driver .....................................................................................................................................................................82
Lesson 12 Line Tracking Car .........................................................................................................................................................................87
Lesson 13 IR Remote Control Car .................................................................................................................................................................92
Lesson 14 Obstacle Avoidance ...................................................................................................................................................................... 96
Lesson 15 Bluetooth Remote Control Car ................................................................................................................................................... 101
Lesson 16 Multifunctional Smart Car ..........................................................................................................................................................106
 Company Profile
Established in 2011, lafvin is a manufacturer and trader specialized in research,development and production of 2560 uno,nano boards,and
all kinds of accessories or sensors use for arduino,rasperrry.We also complete starter kits designed for interested lovers of any levels to
learn Arduino or Raspberry.We are located in Shenzhen,China.All of our products comply with international quality standards and are
greatly appreciated in a variety of different markets throughout the world.

Customer Service
We are cooperating with a lot of companies from diffirent countries.Also help them to purchase electronic component products in
china,and became the biggest supplier of them. We look forward to build cooperate with more companies in future.
By the way,We also look forward to hearing from you and any of your critical comment or suggestions.Pls email us by
[email protected] if you have any questions or suggestions.
As a continuous and fast growing company. We keep striving our best to offer you excellent products and quality service.

Our Store
Aliexpress store: https://www.aliexpress.com/store/1942043 Brand in Amazon:LAFVIN

Product Catalog
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0BwvEeRN9dKllblZING00TkhYbGs?usp=sharing

Tutorial
This tutorial include codes,labraries and lessons. It is designed for beginners. It will teach every users how to assembly the smart robot
car kit and use Arduino controller board, sensors and modules.
Packing list

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 Lesson 1 Installing IDE
Introduction
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is the software side of the Arduino platform.
In this lesson, you will learn how to setup your computer to use Arduino and how to set about the lessons that follow.
The Arduino software that you will use to program your Arduino is available for Windows, Mac and Linux. The installation process is
different for all three platforms and unfortunately there is a certain amount of manual work to install the software.

STEP 1: Go to https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software and find below page.

The version available at this website is usually the latest version, and the actual version may be newer than the version in the
picture.

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STEP2：Download the development software that is compatible with the operating
system of your computer. Take Windows as an example here.

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Click Windows Installer.

Click JUST DOWNLOAD.

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Also version 1.8.0 is available in the material we provided, and the versions of our
materials are the latest versions when this course was made.

Installing Arduino (Windows)

Install Arduino with the exe. Installation package.

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Click I Agree to see the following interface

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Click Next

You can press Browse… to choose an installation path or directly type in the
directory you want.

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Click Install to initiate installation

Finally, the following interface appears, click Install to finish the installation.

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Next, the following icon appears on the desktop

Double-click to enter the desired development environment

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You may directly choose the installation package for installation and skip the contents below and jump to the next section. But if you
want to learn some methods other than the installation package, please continue to read the section.
Unzip the zip file downloaded, Double-click to open the program and enter the desired development environment

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However, this installation method needs separate installation of driver.
The Arduino folder contains both the Arduino program itself and the drivers that allow the Arduino to be connected to your computer by
a USB cable. Before we launch the Arduino software, you are going to install the USB drivers.
Plug one end of your USB cable into the Arduino and the other into a USB socket on your computer. The power light on the LED will
light up and you may get a 'Found New Hardware' message from Windows. Ignore this message and cancel any attempts that Windows
makes to try and install drivers automatically for you.
The most reliable method of installing the USB drivers is to use the Device Manager. This is accessed in different ways depending on
your version of Windows. In Windows 7, you first have to open the Control Panel, then select the option to view Icons, and you should
find the Device Manager in the list.
Under ‘Other Devices’, you should see an icon for ‘unknown device’ with a little yellow warning triangle next to it. This is your
Arduino.

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Right-click on the device and select the top menu option (Update Driver Software...).

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You will then be prompted to either ‘Search Automatically for updated driver software’ or ‘Browse my computer for driver software’.
Select the option to browse and navigate to the X\arduino1.8.0\drivers.

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Click 'Next' and you may get a security warning, if so, allow the software to be installed. Once the software has been installed, you will get a
confirmation message.

Windows users may skip the installation directions for Mac and Linux systems and jump to Lesson 1. Mac and Linux users may
continue to read this section.

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Installing Arduino (Mac OS X)
Download and Unzip the zip file, double click the Arduino.app to enter Arduino IDE; the system will ask you to install Java runtime
library if you don’t have it in your computer. Once the installation is complete you can run the Arduino IDE.

Installing Arduino (Linux)

You will have to use the make install command. If you are using the Ubuntu system, it is
recommended to install Arduino IDE from the software center of Ubuntu.

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 Lesson 2 Add Libraries and Open Serial Monitor
Installing Additional Arduino Libraries
Once you are comfortable with the Arduino software and using the built-in functions, you may want to extend the ability of your Arduino with
additional libraries.

What are Libraries?

Libraries are a collection of code that makes it easy for you to connect to a sensor, display, module, etc. For example, the built-in
LiquidCrystal library makes it easy to talk to character LCD displays. There are hundreds of additional libraries available on the Internet
for download. The built-in libraries and some of these additional libraries are listed in the reference. To use the additional libraries, you
will need to install them.

How to Install a Library

Using the Library Manager
To install a new library into your Arduino IDE you can use the Library Manager
(available from IDE version 1.8.0). Open the IDE and click to the "Sketch" menu
and then Include Library > Manage Libraries.

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Then the library manager will open and you will find a list of libraries that are already installed or ready for installation. In this example
we will install the Bridge library. Scroll the list to find it, then select the version of the library you want to install. Sometimes only one
version of the library is available. If the version selection menu does not appear, don't worry: it is normal.
There are times you have to be patient with it, just as shown in the figure. Please refresh it
and wait.

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Finally click on install and wait for the IDE to install the new library. Downloading may take time depending on your connection speed.
Once it has finished, an Installed tag should appear next to the Bridge library. You can close the library manager.

You can now find the new library available in the Include Library menu. If you want to add your own library open a new issue on
Github.

Importing a .zip Library

Libraries are often distributed as a ZIP file or folder. The name of the folder is the name of the library. Inside the folder will be a .cpp file,
a .h file and often a keywords.txt file, examples folder, and other files required by the library. Starting with version 1.0.5, you can install
3rd party libraries in the IDE. Do not unzip the downloaded library, leave it as is.

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In the Arduino IDE, navigate to Sketch > Include Library. At the top of the drop down list, select the option to "Add .ZIP Library''
You will be prompted to select the library you would like to add. Navigate to the .zip
file's location and open it.

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Return to the Sketch > Import Library menu. You should now see the library at the bottom of the drop-down menu. It is ready to be
used in your sketch. The zip file will have been expanded in the libraries folder in your Arduino sketches directory. NB: the Library will
be available to use in sketches, but examples for the library will not be exposed in the File > Examples until after the IDE has restarted.
Those two are the most common approaches. MAC and Linux systems can be handled likewise. The manual installation to be
introduced below as an alternative may be seldom used and users with no needs may skip it.

Manual installation
To install the library, first quit the Arduino application. Then uncompress the ZIP file containing the library. For example, if you're
installing a library called

"ArduinoParty", uncompress ArduinoParty.zip. It should contain a folder calledArduinoParty, with files like ArduinoParty.cpp and
ArduinoParty.h inside. (If the .cpp and .h files aren't in a folder, you'll need to create one. In this case, you'd make a folder called
"ArduinoParty" and move into it all the files that were in the ZIP file, like ArduinoParty.cpp and ArduinoParty.h.)
Drag the ArduinoParty folder into this folder (your libraries folder). Under Windows, it will likely be called "My
Documents\Arduino\libraries". For Mac users, it will likely be called "Documents/Arduino/libraries". On Linux, it will be the "libraries"
folder in your sketchbook.

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Your Arduino library folder should now look like this (on Windows): My
Documents\Arduino\libraries\ArduinoParty\ArduinoParty.cpp My
Documents\Arduino\libraries\ArduinoParty\ArduinoParty.h My Documents\Arduino\libraries\ArduinoParty\examples
or like this (on Mac and Linux): Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoParty/ArduinoParty.cpp
Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoParty/ArduinoParty.h Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoParty/examples
....

There may be more files than just the .cpp and .h files, just make sure they're all there. (The library won't work if you put the .cpp and .h
files directly into the libraries folder or if they're nested in an extra folder. For example: Documents\Arduino\libraries\ArduinoParty.cpp
and Documents\Arduino\libraries\ArduinoParty\ArduinoParty\ArduinoParty.cpp won't work.)
Restart the Arduino application. Make sure the new library appears in the Sketch->Import Library menu item of the software. That's it!
You've installed a library!

Arduino Serial Monitor (Windows, Mac, Linux)

The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is the software side of the Arduino platform. And, because using a terminal is
such a big part of working with

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Arduinos and other microcontrollers, they decided to include a serial terminal with the software. Within the Arduino environment, this is
called the Serial Monitor.

Making a Connection
Serial monitor comes with any and all version of the Arduino IDE. To open it, simply click the Serial Monitor icon.

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Selecting which port to open in the Serial Monitor is the same as selecting a port for uploading Arduino code. Go to Tools -> Serial Port,
and select the correct port. Tips: Choose the same COM port that you have in Device Manager.

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Once open, you should see something like this:

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Settings
The Serial Monitor has limited settings, but enough to handle most of your serial communication needs. The first setting you can alter is
the baud rate. Click on the baud rate drop-down menu to select the correct baud rate. (9600 baud)

Last, you can set the terminal to Autoscroll or not by checking the box in the bottom left corner.

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Pros
The Serial Monitor is a great quick and easy way to establish a serial connection with your Arduino. If you’re already working in the
Arduino IDE, there’s really no need to open up a separate terminal to display data.
Cons
The lack of settings leaves much to be desired in the Serial Monitor, and, for advanced serial communications, it may not do the trick.

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 Lesson 3 Blink

About this lesson:

In this lesson, you will learn how to program your UNO R3 controller board to blink the Arduino’s built-in LED, and how to download
programs by basic steps.

Principle
The UNO R3 board has rows of connectors along both sides that are used to connect to several electronic devices and plug-in 'shields' that
extends its capability.
It also has a single LED that you can control from your sketches. This LED is built onto the UNO R3 board and is often referred to as the
'L' LED as this is how it is labeled on the board.

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You may find that your UNO R3 board's 'L' LED already blinks when you connect it to a USB plug. This is because the boards are
generally shipped with the 'Blink' sketch pre-installed.
In this lesson, we will reprogram the UNO R3 board with our own Blink sketch and then change the rate at which it blinks.
In Lesson 0, you set up your Arduino IDE and made
sure that you could find the right serial port for it to
connect to your UNO R3 board. The time has now
come to put that connection to the test and program
your UNO R3 board.
The Arduino IDE includes a large collection of
example sketches that you can load up and use. This
includes an example sketch for making the 'L' LED
blink.
Load the 'Blink' sketch that you will find in the IDE's
menu system under File > Examples > 01.Basics

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When the sketch window opens, enlarge it so that you can see the entire sketch in the window.

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The example sketches included with the Arduino IDE are 'read-only'. That is, you can upload them to an UNO R3 board, but if you
change them, you cannot save them as the same file.
Since we are going to change this sketch, the first thing you need to do is save your own copy.
From the File menu on the Arduino IDE, select 'Save As..' and then save the sketch with the name 'MyBlink'.

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You have saved your copy of 'Blink' in your sketchbook. This means that if you ever want to find it again, you can just open it using the
File > Sketchbook menu option.

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Attach your Arduino board to your computer with the USB cable and check that the
'Board Type' and 'Serial Port' are set correctly.

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Note: The Board Type and Serial Port here are not necessarily the same as shown in picture. If you are using 2560, then you will
have to choose Mega 2560 as the Board Type, other choices can be made in the same manner. And the Serial Port displayed for
everyone is different, despite COM 26 chosen here, it could be COM3 or COM4 on your computer. A right COM port is
supposed to be COMX (arduino XXX), which is by the certification criteria.

The Arduino IDE will show you the current settings for board at the bottom of the window.

Click on the 'Upload' button. The second button from the left on the toolbar.

If you watch the status area of the IDE, you will see a progress bar and a series of messages. At first, it will say 'Compiling Sketch...'.
This converts the sketch into a format suitable for uploading to the board.

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 Next, the status will change to 'Uploading'. At this point, the LEDs on the Arduino should start to flicker as the sketch is transferred.

Finally, the staus will change to 'Done'.

The other message tells us that the sketch is using 928 bytes of the 32,256 bytes available.After the 'Compiling Sketch..' stage you could get the
following error message:

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It can mean that your board is not connected at all, or the drivers have not been installed (if necessary) or that the wrong serial port is
selected.
If you encounter this, go back to Lesson 0 and check your installation.
Once the upload has completed, the board should restart and start blinking. Open the code

Note that a huge part of this sketch is composed of comments. These are not actual program instructions; rather, they just explain how
the program works. They are there for your benefit.
Everything between /* and */ at the top of the sketch is a block comment; it explains what the sketch is for.

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gle line comments start with // and everything up until the end of that line is considered a comment.
The first line of code is: int led = 13;
As the comment above it explains, this is giving a name to the pin that the LED is attached to. This is 13 on most Arduinos, including the
UNO and Leonardo.
Next, we have the 'setup' function. Again, as the comment says, this is executed when the reset button is pressed. It is also executed
whenever the board resets for any reason, such as power first being applied to it, or after a sketch has been uploaded.
void setup() {
// initialize the digital pin as an output.
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}
Every Arduino sketch must have a 'setup' function, and the place where you might want to add instructions of your own is between the
{ and the }.
In this case, there is just one command there, which, as the comment states tells the Arduino board that we are going to use the LED pin
as an output.
It is also mandatory for a sketch to have a 'loop' function. Unlike the 'setup' function that only runs once, after a reset, the 'loop' function
will, after it has finished running its commands, immediately start again.

void loop() { digitalWrite(led, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalWrite(led, LOW);

delay(1000); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage
} level) // wait for a second

Inside the loop function, the commands first of all turn the LED pin on (HIGH), then 'delay' for 1000 milliseconds (1 second), then turn
the LED pin off and pause for another second.

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 You are now going to make your LED blink faster. As you might have guessed, the key to this lies in changing the parameter in () for the
'delay' command.

This delay period is in milliseconds, so if you want the LED to blink twice as fast, change the value from 1000 to 500. This would then pause
for half a second each delay rather than a whole second.
Upload the sketch again and you should see the LED start to blink more quickly.

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Lesson 4 Installation Method

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 Lesson 5 Servo

About this lesson:

In this lesson, you will learn how to control a servo motor using LAFVIN UNO R3.
The servo motor has three leads. The color of the leads varies between servo motors, but the red lead is always 5V and GND will either
be brown.The red one is the power wire and should be connected to the 5v port and this is usually orange. This control lead is connected
to digital pin A2.

Introduction
Servo motors are great devices that can turn to a specified position.
Usually, they have a servo arm that can turn 180 degrees. Using the Arduino, we can tell a servo to go to a specified position and it will
go there. As simple as that!
Servo motors were first used in the Remote Control (RC) world, usually to control the steering of RC cars or the flaps on a RC plane.
With time, they found their uses in robotics, automation, and of course, the Arduino world.
There are two ways to control a servomotor with Arduino. One is to use a common digital sensor port of Arduino to produce square
wave with different duty cycle to simulate PWM signal and use that signal to control the positioning of the motor. Another way is to
directly use the Servo function of the Arduino to control the motor. In this way, the program will be easier but it can only control
two-contact motor because for the servo function, only digital pin 9 ang 10 can be used. The Arduino drive capacity is limited. So if you
need to control more than one motor, you will need external power.

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Connection diagram

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Code
After connecting,please open the the program and load up the code - Lesson 5 Servo onto your Arduino board. See Lesson 3 for details
about program uploading if there are any errors.
Before you can run this, make sure that you have installed the < Servo> library or re-install it, if necessary. Otherwise, your code won't
work.
For details about loading the library file, see Lesson 2.

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 Lesson 6 Ultrasonic Sensor Module

About this lesson:

Ultrasonic sensor is great for all kind of projects that need distance measurements, avoiding obstacles as examples.
The HC-SR04 is inexpensive and easy to use since we will be using a Library specifically designed for these sensor.

Introduction:
Ultrasonic sensor module HC-SR04 provides 2cm-400cm non-contact measurement function, the ranging accuracy can reach to 3mm. The
modules includes ultrasonic transmitters, receiver and control circuit. The basic principle of work:
(1) Using IO trigger for at least 10us high level signal,
(2) The Module automatically sends eight 40 kHz and detect whether there is a pulse signal back.
(3) IF the signal back, through high level , time of high output IO duration is the time from sending ultrasonic tore turning.
Test distance = (high level time × velocity of sound (340m/s) /2
The Timing diagram is shown below. You only need to supply a short 10us pulse to the trigger input to start the ranging, and then the
module will send out an 8 cycle burst of ultrasound at 40 kHz and raise its echo. The Echo is a distance object that is pulse width and the

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range in proportion .You can calculate the range through the time interval between sending trigger signal and receiving echo signal.
Formula: us / 58 = centimeters or us / 148 =inch; or: the range = high level time * velocity (340M/S) / 2; we suggest to use over 60ms
measurement cycle, in order to prevent trigger signal to the echo signal.

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Wiring diagram

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Code
Using a Library designed for these sensors will make our code short and simple. We include the library at the beginning of our code,
and then by using simple commands we can control the behavior of the sensor.
After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 6 Ultrasonic Sensor Module and click UPLOAD to upload the program.
See Lesson 3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.
Before you can run this, make sure that you have installed the < HC-SR04> library or re-install it, if necessary. Otherwise, your code
won't work.
For details about loading the library file, see Lesson 2.

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Open the monitor then you can see the data as blow:
Click the Serial Monitor button to turn on the serial monitor. The basics about the serial monitor are introduced in details in Lesson 1.

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 Lesson 7 1602 I2C Module
About this lesson:
In this lesson, you will learn how to use an I2C LCD 16x2 display with uno R3. With I2C module you will be able to connect the LCD
with Arduino board with only two cables! The i2c module has a built in potentiometer for contrast adjustment.

Introduction:

This is great LCD display compatible with arduino. With limited pin resources, your project will quickly run out of resources using
normal LCDs. With this I2C interface LCD module, you only need 2 lines (I2C)to display the information.If you already have I2C
devices in your project, this LCD module actually cost no more resources at all. The address can be set 0x27.

Connection Diagram：
I602 is equipped with 4 pins in total. This is really simple and here are the connections:
SCL = A5
SDA = A4
VCC = 5V
GND = GND

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Wiring diagram

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Code
After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 7 1602 I2C Module and click UPLOAD to upload the program. See
Lesson 3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.
Before you can run this, make sure that you have installed the < LiquidCrystal_I2C > library or re-install it, if necessary. Otherwise, your
code won't work.
For details about loading the library file, see Lesson 2.

The result of LAFVIN 1602 I2C Module will be displayed as shown in bellow figure.

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 Lesson 8 IR Receiver Module
About this lesson:
Using an IR Remote is a great way to have wireless control of your project. Infrared remotes are
simple and easy to use. In this tutorial we will be connecting the IR receiver to the UNO, and then
use a Library that was designed for this particular sensor.

Introduction
IR is widely used in remote control. With this IR receiver, Arduino project is able to receive command from any IR remoter controller if
you have the right decoder. Well, it will be also easy to make your own IR controller using IR transmitter.

There are 3 connections to the IR Receiver.

The connections are: Signal, Voltage and Ground.
The “-” is the Ground, “S” is signal, and middle pin is Voltage 5V.
The “G” is the Ground, “R” is signal, and “Y”pin is Voltage 5V.

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Wiring diagram

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Code

After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 8 IR Receiver Module and click UPLOAD to upload the program. See
Lesson3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.
Before you can run this, make sure that you have installed the < IRremote > library or re-install it, if necessary. Otherwise, your code
won't work.
For details about loading the library file, see Lesson 3.

In this lessson, we need to use a IR remote control which has 17 functional key and its launching distance is 8 meters at most, proper to
control various devices indoors. This project is actually to decode remote control signal. After connection and uploading codes, aim at IR
receiving module and press the key, finally you can see corresponding codes. If you press the key too long, it will show messy codes
easily as shown in bellow figure.

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Remote control code:

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 Lesson 9 Tracking Sensor
About this lesson:
In this lesson, you will learn how to use a Tracking Sensor.we will use an obstacle avoidance sensor
module and an LED attached to pin 13 of the LAFVIN Uno board to build a simple circuit to make a
tracking light.

Component Introduction
This Line Tracking Sensor can detect white lines in black and black lines in white. The single line-tracking signal provides a stable
output signal TTL for a more accurate and more stable line. Multi-channel option can be easily achieved by installing required
line-tracking robot sensors.

Specification:
Power Supply: +5V Operating Current: <10mA
Operating Temperature Range: 0°C ~ + 50 °C
Output Interface: 3-wire interface (1 - signal, 2 - power, 3 - power supply negative) Output Level: TTL level

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Wiring diagram

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Code

After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 9 Tracking Sensor and click UPLOAD to upload the program. See
Lesson 3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.

When the infrared transmitter emits rays to a piece of paper, if the rays shine on a white surface, they will be reflected and received by
the receiver, and pin S will output low level; If the rays encounter black lines, they will be absorbed, thus the receiver gets nothing, and
pin S will output high level.

Since an LED has been attached to pin 13, connect the pin out to D9 of the LAFVIN Uno board. When the tracking sensor detects
reflection signals (white), the LED will be on. Otherwise, it will be off (black line).

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 Lesson 10 Bluetooth Module
About this lesson:
In this lesson,we will learn how to use the Bluetooth Module.

Introduction:
The HC06 is a Serial port Bluetooth module which having fully qualified Bluetooth V2.0+EDR
(Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4GHz radio transceiver and
baseband. It uses CSR Blue core 04‐External single chip Bluetooth system with CMOS
technology and with AFH (Adaptive Frequency Hopping Feature).

The HC-06 Bluetooth module to LAFVIN UNO R3:

VCC>>>>5v

GND>>>>GND

TXD>>>>D0

RXD>>>>D1

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Wiring diagram

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Code

After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 10 Bluetooth Module and click UPLOAD to upload the program. See
Lesson 3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.

Attention:The bluetooth module should be pulled out before you upload the program every time,or it will be failed to upload the
program.

Download LAFVIN Bluetooth APP or other APP—Bluetooth terminal application.After power-on,

power indicator D1 is on. Pair your phone with HC-06. for doing this go to
Settings->Bluetooth->Scan device->select HC-06 and pair it. Pass code to pair is '1234'.Open
Bluetooth Terminal software, go to options and select 'connect a device - secure' option. It it ask for
pass code enter 1234.
If you send 'L' it will show 'LAFVIN' as shown in Figure.

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 Lesson 11 L298N Motor Driver
About this lesson:
In this lesson, you will learn how to use a water level detection sensor module.

Component Introduction
The L298N actually contains two complete H-Bridge circuits, so it is capable of driving a pair of DC motors. This makes it ideal for
robotic projects, as most robots have either two or four powered wheels. The L298N can also be used to drive a single stepper motor,
however we won’t cover that configuration in this article.

Here is a diagram of the pinouts of an L298N integrated circuit:

Using L298N made by ST Company as the control chip, the module has characteristics of strong driving ability, low calorific value and
strong anti-interference ability.

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This module can use built-in 78M05 for electric work via a driving power supply part. But to avoid the damage of the voltage stabilizing
chip, please use an external 5V logic supply when using more than 12V driving voltage.
Using large capacity filter capacitor, this module can follow current to protect diodes, and improve reliability.

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Connection
Schematic

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Wiring diagram

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Code
After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 11 L298N Motor Driver and click UPLOAD to upload the program. See
Lesson 3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.

After connection and power-on, two motors rotate clockwise for 2 second at a speed of 200 (PWM value is 200) and then stop for 2
second; two motors rotate anticlockwise for 2 second at a speed of 100 (PWM value is 100) and then stop for 2second; circulating like
this.

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 Lesson 12 Line Tracking Car
About this lesson:
In this lesson,we will learn a simple and automatic line tracking system of a car.

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Step 1: Prepare a black track on white ground. (the width of the black track is more than 20mm and less than 30mm).
Please note, the bend angle of the track can’t be larger than 90 degree. If the angle is too large, the car will move out of the track.

Step 2: Adjust the sensitivity of tracking sensor modules.

Turn on and hold the car to adjust the potentiometer on the tracking sensor with Phillips screwdriver until you get the best sensitivity
status: the signal indicate LED light will turn on when sensor is above white ground, and the signal LED
will turn off when the sensor is above black track.
Signal Indicate LED ON: White Ground
Signal Indicate LED OFF: Black Track

Step 3: Turn on the car and put the car over the black track, then the car will move along the black track.
If the car can’t move, please check the following:
If adjusted well the sensibility of the tracking sensor

Car tracking flow chart

The car entered the tracking mode, namely began constantly scanning and detector connected to the I/O port of the SCM, once detected a
signal of a I/O port, enter judgment processing procedures, to determine which one of 3 detectors detect the black line.

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Connection
Schematic

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Wiring diagram

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Code
After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 12 Line Tracking Car and click UPLOAD to upload the program. See
Lesson 3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.
Before you can run this, make sure that you have installed the < LiquidCrystal_I2C > library or re-install it, if necessary. Otherwise, your
code won't work.For details about loading the library file, see Lesson 2.
Turn the POWER switch ON.The robot car will move forward along the black track.LCD1602 screen display "Line Tracking".

Note: In order to make the car better implement the line following function, the width of the black line should be greater than the parallel
width of the three line following sensors.

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 Lesson 13 IR Remote Control Car
About this lesson:
This project ,regarding Arduino microcontroller as main control, uses IR module to receive IR remote signal and send the signal to
Arduino. Arduino will analyses the signal and then control the driver motor and the motion of the car with IR remote control. In addition,
you can observe the state of the car through 1602 I2C Module.

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Connection
Schematic

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Wiring diagram

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Code
After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 13 IR Remote Control Car and click UPLOAD to upload the program.
See Lesson 3 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.
Before you can run this, make sure that you have installed the < LiquidCrystal_I2C > and < IRremote > library or re-install it, if
necessary. Otherwise, your code won't work.
For details about loading the library file, see Lesson 2.

Infrared remote control instructions

1.Connecting Arduino to IR receiving module ,Bluetooth module and IR receiving module communicating with IR remote control.
2.IR remote control will send these button

message“ ”“ ”“ ”“ ”“ ”to IR receiving module.

3.IR receiving module will send signal to Arduino , and it will control the motion of the car .

4. When Arduino receiving this message“ ”,the car goes forwards；when it receiving this“ ”,

the car goes backward；when it receiving “ ”,the car turns left；when it receiving“ ”,the car turns

right；when it receiving“ ”,the car stop.

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 Lesson 14 Obstacle Avoidance
About this lesson:
This lessom ,regarding Arduino as main control, detect front obstacle by ultrasonic sensor and platform motor, and send the feedback to
Arduino. Arduino will analyses the feedback signal and then control the driver motor to adjust the car diversion. Finally the car is able to
avoid obstacle automatically and keep going. In addition, you can observe the state and speed of the car , the angle of motor , and the
distance between car and obstacle through 1602 I2C Module.

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Principle:
1.Ultrasonic detecting distance: one port emits high level more than 10 US. Once it outputting level, open potentiometer to time. When
the port becomes low level, read out current value. Use the time of detecting distance to calculate distance.

2.Use ultrasonic to detect the distance between obstacle and car, so that control the motion of the car according to the data.

3.If the distance between the car and obstacle is less than 35 cm, the car goes backward; if the distance is no less than 10 cm, the car goes
forwards; if the distance is less than 60 cm , the motor turns to detect the distance between car and left obstacle or right obstacle; if the
distance between car and left obstacle, the distance between car and right obstacle are less than 35 cm, the car goes backward; if the
distance between car and left obstacle is larger , the car turns left; if the distance between car and left obstacle is less than or equal to the
distance between car and right obstacle, the car turns right.

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Connection
Schematic

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Wiring diagram

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Code
After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 14 Obstacle Avoidance car and click UPLOAD to upload the program. See
Lesson 2 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.

Before you can run this, make sure that you have installed the < LiquidCrystal_I2C > < Servo> < HC-SR04> library or re-install it, if
necessary. Otherwise, your code won't work.
For details about loading the library file, see Lesson 2.

After uploading the program, turn on the power switch, the rudder of the car will drive the ultrasonic ranging to achieve the obstacle
avoidance function, and the real-time distance and speed will be displayed on the LCD1602.

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 Lesson 15 Bluetooth Remote Control Car
About this lesson:
This lesson , regarding Arduino as main control, use Bluetooth module to receive signal from mobile phone, and send the signal to
Arduino. Arduino will analyses the signal and then control the driver motor to control the motion of the car. In addition, you can observe
the state and speed of the car , the angle of motor , and the distance between car and obstacle through keyestudio 1602 I2C Module.

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Introduction
1.Connecting Aduino to Bluetooth module , this module communicating with
APP on the mobile phone
2.APP sending “U”“D”“L”“R”“S” to Bluetooth module
3.Bluetooth module will send the received massage to Arduino, and Arduino
controls the car correspondingly.
4.When Arduino receiving “U”, the car goes forward; when Arduino receiving
“D”, it goes backward; when Arduino receiving “R”, it turns right; when
receiving “S”, it stops moving.

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Connection
Schematic

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Wiring diagram

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Code

After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 15 Bluetooth Remote Control Car and click UPLOAD to upload the
program. See Lesson 2 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.

Attention:The bluetooth module should be pulled out before you upload the program every time,or it will be failed to upload the
program.

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 Lesson 16 Multifunctional Smart Car
About this lesson:
In this project, we will put four functions, namely line tracking, obstacle avoidance, Bluetooth and IR remote control, together into one to
realize the working mode of the car.

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Connection
Schematic

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Wiring diagram

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Code
After wiring, please open the program in the code folder- Lesson 16 Multi-functional Smart Car and click UPLOAD to upload the
program. See Lesson 2 for details about program uploading if there are any errors.
The car is controlled by IR remote control and mobile phone Bluetooth together.
After connection, press number 5 key of IR remote control, and the car enter into line tracking mode to go along with black line.
Then press number 6 key, the car enter into ultrasonic obstacle avoidance mode and it goes with automatic obstacle avoidance.
Then press number 7 key , the car is in IR control, its motion is controlled by IR up, down, right and left key, “OK” means stop. Number
1 and 2 key control rotation of motor, and 3 and 4 key control move speed.
Then press number 8 key ,the car go into Bluetooth mode, connecting to Bluetooth APP, and then control the motion of the car by APP.

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