Code:
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class MorphologicalOperations {
// Dilation operation
public static BufferedImage dilate(BufferedImage image) {
int width = image.getWidth();
int height = image.getHeight();
BufferedImage outputImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, image.getType());
int[][] structuringElement = {
{1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1}
};
for (int y = 1; y < height - 1; y++) {
for (int x = 1; x < width - 1; x++) {
int max = 0;
for (int ky = -1; ky <= 1; ky++) {
for (int kx = -1; kx <= 1; kx++) {
int pixelValue = new Color(image.getRGB(x + kx, y + ky)).getRed();
max = Math.max(max, pixelValue * structuringElement[ky + 1][kx + 1]);
}
}
outputImage.setRGB(x, y, new Color(max, max, max).getRGB());
}
}
return outputImage;
}
// Erosion operation
public static BufferedImage erode(BufferedImage image) {
int width = image.getWidth();
int height = image.getHeight();
BufferedImage outputImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, image.getType());
int[][] structuringElement = {
{1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1}
};
for (int y = 1; y < height - 1; y++) {
for (int x = 1; x < width - 1; x++) {
int min = 255;
for (int ky = -1; ky <= 1; ky++) {
for (int kx = -1; kx <= 1; kx++) {
int pixelValue = new Color(image.getRGB(x + kx, y + ky)).getRed();
min = Math.min(min, pixelValue * structuringElement[ky + 1][kx + 1]);
}
}
outputImage.setRGB(x, y, new Color(min, min, min).getRGB());
}
}
return outputImage;
}
// Opening (Erosion followed by Dilation)
public static BufferedImage open(BufferedImage image) {
BufferedImage erodedImage = erode(image);
return dilate(erodedImage);
}
// Closing (Dilation followed by Erosion)
public static BufferedImage close(BufferedImage image) {
BufferedImage dilatedImage = dilate(image);
return erode(dilatedImage);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// Read input image
File inputFile = new File("D:/Sem7/IP/Pracs/exp8image.jpg");
BufferedImage inputImage = ImageIO.read(inputFile);
// Apply operations
BufferedImage dilatedImage = dilate(inputImage);
BufferedImage erodedImage = erode(inputImage);
BufferedImage openedImage = open(inputImage);
BufferedImage closedImage = close(inputImage);
// Save results to new files
ImageIO.write(dilatedImage, "png", new File("DilatedImage.png"));
ImageIO.write(erodedImage, "png", new File("ErodedImage.png"));
ImageIO.write(openedImage, "png", new File("OpenedImage.png"));
ImageIO.write(closedImage, "png", new File("ClosedImage.png"));
System.out.println("Morphological operations completed and saved.");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Output:
Input Image(Image.png):
i) Dilated Image ii) Eroded Image
iii) Opened Image iv) Closed Image
Conclusion: Dilation, Erosion, Opening and Closing operations were performed on
an image using Java program.
