CHADLER

1. A teacher notices that a 7-year-old student is able to solve math problems involving
addition and subtraction with ease but struggles with understanding multiplication.
According to Piaget's theory, which stage is this student likely in?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete Operational
D. Formal Operational
2. During a group activity, a 4-year-old child insists that their way of arranging blocks is the
only correct way, showing difficulty in understanding that others may have different
perspectives. Which of Piaget’s stages does this behavior illustrate?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
3. A teacher uses a hands-on approach to teaching fractions by allowing students to cut and
share a pizza. This method aligns with which of the following theories?
• A. Piaget’s Concrete Operational Stage
• B. Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory
• C. Freud’s Psychosexual Theory
• D. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
4. An adolescent student frequently exhibits a sense of invincibility and engages in risky
behaviors, believing that “nothing bad can happen to me.” This behavior is indicative of
which of the following cognitive developments?
• A. Egocentrism
• B. Abstract Thinking
• C. Concrete Operational Thinking
• D. Conservation
5. A 10-year-old student shows improved ability to organize and categorize objects into
multiple sets. According to Piaget, this ability is developed in which stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
• Answer: C. Concrete Operational
6. During a parent-teacher conference, a parent mentions that their child has started to
develop a strong sense of personal identity and is exploring different roles and activities. At
which stage of Erikson’s theory is this child likely?
 • A. Trust vs. Mistrust
• B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
• C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
• D. Initiative vs. Guilt
7. A teacher observes that a 5-year-old student often makes decisions based on what they
perceive will get them the most reward or avoid punishment. Which of Kohlberg’s stages of
moral development does this describe?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
8. A child demonstrates an understanding that changing the shape of a playdough does not
change its volume. This child is likely in which stage of cognitive development?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
9. During a science project, a teacher provides guidance and support to help a student
understand how to conduct an experiment. What Vygotskian concept does this demonstrate?
• A. Scaffolding
• B. Assimilation
• C. Accommodation
• D. Equilibration
• Answer: A. Scaffolding
10. A high school student begins to focus on forming intimate relationships and exploring
their own identity. Which stage of Erikson’s psychosocial development does this correspond
to?
• A. Trust vs. Mistrust
• B. Industry vs. Inferiority
• C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
• D. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
11. A 3-year-old child plays alongside other children but does not interact with them. What
type of play is this child engaging in?
• A. Parallel Play
• B. Cooperative Play
• C. Associative Play
• D. Solitary Play
 • Answer: A. Parallel Play
12. A student exhibits difficulty with social interactions and understanding social cues.
According to the theory of mind, this student may struggle with:
• A. Egocentrism
• B. Object Permanence
• C. Conservation
• D. Perspective Taking
13. During group discussions, a high school student often questions moral standards and
seeks to understand the reasoning behind them. According to Kohlberg, this student is likely
at which stage?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
14. A teacher notices that a student frequently exhibits behavior that seeks approval from
peers rather than following personal values. This behavior is characteristic of which of
Erikson's stages?
• A. Initiative vs. Guilt
• B. Industry vs. Inferiority
• C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
• D. Intimacy vs. Isolation
15. An 8-year-old child has developed the ability to understand that other people's opinions
are based on their own experiences and knowledge. According to cognitive development
theory, this child is in which stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
16. A 6-year-old is learning to share toys and take turns in a group setting. This development
is an example of which type of play?
• A. Solitary Play
• B. Parallel Play
• C. Associative Play
• D. Cooperative Play
17. An adolescent student often uses abstract reasoning to discuss future possibilities and
hypothetical scenarios. This ability is characteristic of which stage of Piaget’s cognitive
development?
• A. Sensorimotor
 • B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
18. A child has just started to understand that other people have different thoughts and
feelings from their own. This is an example of which cognitive development milestone?
• A. Object Permanence
• B. Conservation
• C. Theory of Mind
• D. Egocentrism
19. A teacher notices that a student is able to understand multiple aspects of a problem and
reason through solutions with increasing complexity. This ability is most aligned with which
cognitive development stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
20. A high school student demonstrates a strong sense of duty and commitment to social
issues and community service. This behavior reflects which stage of Kohlberg’s moral
development?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
21. A teacher notices that a 2-year-old child is learning to imitate adult behaviors and is
starting to use symbols in play. According to Piaget, this child is in which stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
22. An 11-year-old child can solve problems using logical reasoning and understands the
concept of reversibility. This is an indication of which cognitive stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
23. A teacher notices that a student is developing an increasing ability to understand and
follow social rules and norms. This behavior aligns with which stage of Kohlberg’s moral
development?
 • A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
24. An adolescent student is beginning to question their own beliefs and values in light of new
information and experiences. Which of Erikson’s stages is this reflective of?
• A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
• B. Industry vs. Inferiority
• C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
• D. Intimacy vs. Isolation
25. During a lesson on moral behavior, a 12-year-old student justifies their actions based on
rules and laws, showing concern for societal rules and norms. This indicates which stage of
moral development?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
26. A child is able to engage in role play and understands that they can take on different
characters and viewpoints. This behavior is most aligned with which of Piaget’s stages?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
27. A teacher provides a structured environment with clear rules and expectations for a child
with behavioral challenges. This approach is an example of which strategy?
• A. Scaffolding
• B. Classroom Management
• C. Differentiated Instruction
• D. Positive Reinforcement
28. An adolescent student begins to reflect on ethical dilemmas and moral principles in a
more sophisticated way, considering universal ethical principles. This indicates which stage
of Kohlberg’s moral development?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
 29. A child demonstrates the ability to perform mental operations such as adding and
subtracting numbers in their head rather than relying on physical objects. This
development indicates which cognitive stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
30. An adolescent shows increased self-awareness and the ability to consider different
perspectives on complex issues. This development is characteristic of which of Piaget’s
stages?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
31. A teacher is helping a student develop problem-solving skills by guiding them through
the steps of a math problem while gradually reducing assistance. This method represents
which concept?
• A. Direct Instruction
• B. Scaffolding
• C. Cooperative Learning
• D. Peer Tutoring
32. A 6-year-old is learning to share toys and take turns in a group setting. This development
is an example of which type of play?
• A. Solitary Play
• B. Parallel Play
• C. Associative Play
• D. Cooperative Play
33. A student with ADHD often interrupts the class and has trouble sitting still. Which
approach might be most effective in managing their behavior?
• A. Providing frequent breaks and using visual schedules
• B. Implementing a strict discipline policy
• C. Ignoring the behavior until it stops
• D. Increasing the complexity of assignments
34. During a class discussion, a student is very focused on the rules and expectations set by
the teacher and follows them strictly. This behavior aligns with which stage of moral
development?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
 • C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
35. An adolescent is showing signs of increased interest in abstract concepts such as justice
and freedom, reflecting an ability to engage in hypothetical reasoning. Which stage of
Piaget's development is this?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
36. A teacher notices a student is very focused on their own needs and desires without regard
to others. Which of Erikson’s stages might this behavior reflect?
• A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
• B. Industry vs. Inferiority
• C. Initiative vs. Guilt
• D. Trust vs. Mistrust
37. A child shows the ability to understand that changing the appearance of an object does
not alter its basic properties. This cognitive skill is known as:
• A. Object Permanence
• B. Conservation
• C. Egocentrism
• D. Reversibility
38. A teacher notices that a student is able to handle multiple pieces of information
simultaneously and use this to solve problems. This ability is characteristic of which cognitive
stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
39. An adolescent begins to focus on the future and set long-term goals. This developmental
milestone is characteristic of which stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
40. A child demonstrates an understanding of the concept that an object continues to exist
even when it is out of sight. This ability is known as:
• A. Conservation
 • B. Object Permanence
• C. Egocentrism
• D. Reversibility
41. During a lesson, a teacher helps a student break down a complex task into smaller, more
manageable steps. This approach is known as:
• A. Scaffolding
• B. Direct Instruction
• C. Peer Tutoring
• D. Differentiated Instruction
42. An adolescent is actively exploring different career options and personal values as part
of their identity formation process. Which stage of Erikson’s development does this
represent?
• A. Trust vs. Mistrust
• B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
• C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
• D. Intimacy vs. Isolation
43. A student is able to think logically about objects and events that are physically present,
but struggles with abstract concepts. This ability is characteristic of which cognitive stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
44. A teacher observes that a student is more focused on following rules and maintaining
order rather than understanding the reasons behind them. This behavior aligns with which
stage of moral development?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
45. A high school student engages in discussions about moral dilemmas and ethical principles,
considering the impact on society. This reflects which stage of moral development?
• A. Preconventional
• B. Conventional
• C. Postconventional
• D. Autonomous
46. A child is learning to understand that the quantity of a substance remains the same
despite changes in its shape or container. This understanding is known as:
 • A. Conservation
• B. Object Permanence
• C. Egocentrism
• D. Reversibility
47. A teacher notices that a student often uses abstract thinking to solve problems and can
think about hypothetical situations. This is indicative of which stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
48. An adolescent student is exploring different career paths and personal values, showing
signs of identity formation. Which stage of Erikson’s theory does this reflect?
• A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
• B. Industry vs. Inferiority
• C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
• D. Intimacy vs. Isolation
49. A 5-year-old child is engaging in imaginative play and using symbols, such as pretending
a stick is a sword. Which cognitive stage is this child in?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational
50. A student frequently discusses abstract ideas such as justice and human rights, showing
an ability to reason about complex concepts. This development is characteristic of which
cognitive stage?
• A. Sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational