PATHWAYS SCHOOL GURGAON
DP1 CP1 SEM 2 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT – APRIL 2024
SUBJECT: Environmental system and societies
LEVEL: SL
Candidate Name:
PAPER: 2
DATE: 23.04.24
BAND: 2
SESSION: Morning
DURATION: 2 Hours MM: 65 marks
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES:
Instructions to candidates
Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
Section A: answer all questions. Section B: answer any two questions.
Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
A calculator is required for this paper.
The maximum mark for this examination paper is [65 marks].
Answer in the structured space given with this question booklet.
Approaches to Learning:
Critical thinking skills: Draw justifiable conclusions based on processing; interpreting and evaluat-
ing data gained from scientific investigations.
Communication skills: Use appropriate scientific terminology; make inferences and draw conclu-
sions.
Self-management skills: Bring necessary equipment and supplies to class; Use appropriate
strategies for organizing complex information
Assessment Objectives (AO):
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of facts, concepts, terminology, methodologies, and
techniques.
Apply facts, concepts, and terminology, methodologies and techniques, methods of communicating
scientific information.
Analyze and evaluate predictions, methodologies and techniques, primary and secondary data, sci-
entific explanations.
(This Question Paper includes total of 19 pages including cover page)
Section: A
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1. Figure 1a: Map to show the location of Yasuni National Park in Ecuador, a globally
significant high biodiversity area.
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization]
(a.i) Define biodiversity. [1]
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(a.ii) With reference to Figure 1a identify three factors that could explain the high biodiversity in
Ecuador. [3]
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(b) Figure 1b: Table to show the species richness of Yasuni National Park
[Source: Margot S. Bass, Matt Finer, Clinton N. Jenkins, Holger Kreft, Diego F. Cisneros-
Heredia, Shawn F. McCracken,
Nigel C. A. Pitman, Peter H. English, Kelly Swing, Gorky Villa, Anthony Di Fiore,
Christian C. Voigt and Thomas H. Kunz,
‘Global Conservation Significance of Ecuador’s Yasuní National Park.’ PLoS One, January
19, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008767]
Describe a method that may have been used for collecting the tree data in Figure 1b. [2]
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Figure 1c: Table to show data collected from two phototrap surveys of ocelots
(Leopardus pardalis) in a forested area of Yasuni National Park. Ocelots are predatory
wild cats with unique coat markings
[Source: João Carlos Medau /
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocelot#/media/File:Ocelot_(Jaguatirica)_Zoo_Itatiba.jpg]
(c) With reference to Figure 1c estimate the population size of ocelots in Yasuni National Park
for Site B. [1]
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(d) Outline two reasons for the differences in population size and density of ocelots at Site A and
B of Yasuni National Park as shown in Figure 1c. [4]
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2. Figure 2: Stages of succession following disturbance by fire
(a) Outline two reasons why the species within pioneer communities in Figure 2 are more likely
to be r-strategists than K-strategists. [2]
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(b) Outline two reasons why the climax community in Figure 2 is more stable than
the intermediate community. [2]
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(c) Distinguish between zonation and succession. [1]
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(d) Outline two ways in which the food web is likely to change as a result of succession. [2]
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(e) Outline two ways in which the soil quality in the pioneer stages of the succession model
shown in Figure 2 will differ from that in the climax ecosystem. [2]
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3. Figure 3: Representation of the water cycle
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[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization]
(a.i) Identify one transfer and one transformation process shown in Figure 3.
Transfer:
Transformation:
[2]
(a.ii) Outline how urbanization might impact two of the storages in Figure 3. [2]
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(b) Runoff from agricultural land can result in excess nutrients entering water bodies. State one
management strategy that could control the release of agricultural runoff. [1]
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Section: B
Answers any two complete questions:
4. (a) Distinguish between the terms niche and habitat with reference to a named species. [4]
(b) Suggest the procedures needed to collect data for the construction of a pyramid of numbers
for the following food chain: [7]
(c) Discuss the implications of environmental value systems in the protection of tropical biomes.
[9]
5. (a) Describe the role of primary producers in ecosystems. [4]
(b) Explain how a community of trees in a woodland may be considered a system. [7]
(c) To what extent is the need for conservation more significant in tropical biomes? [9]
6. (a) Outline the factors that lead to different environmental value systems in contrasting cultures.
[4]
(b) Identify seven impacts on an ecosystem that may result from the introduction of an invasive
species of herbivore. [7]
(c) To what extent are strategies to promote the conservation of biodiversity successful? [9]
7. (a) Outline the factors that contribute to total biodiversity of an ecosystem. [4]
(b)Explain how tectonic plate activity may lead to the formation of new species. [7]
(c)Justify the role of different environmental value systems (EVSs) in deciding between in situ
and ex situ conservation strategies. [9]
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