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Chapter 5 Defination: Ax+b C

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7 views3 pages

Chapter 5 Defination: Ax+b C

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afzaalshazia201
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CHAPTER 5 DEFINATION

 Inequality: An inequality involving any one of the


symbols <<(less then), >>(greater then), ≤≤(less
then equal to), ≥≥(greater then equal to) is called
inequality. If ax+b<cax+b<c is called linear
inequality.

 Problem Constrain: In a certain problem from


everyday life each linear inequality concerning the
problem is called the problem constrain.

 Feasible region: The solution region of an


inequality restricted to the first quadrant is called
feasible region.

 Vertex or corner point: A point of a solution


region where two of its boundary lines intersects is
called vertex.

 Decision variable: The variables used in the


system of linear inequalities relating to the
problems of everyday life are nonnegative
constrain or decision variables.

 Feasible Solution: Each point of the feasible


region is called the feasible solution of linear
inequalities.

 Feasible Solution set: A set consisting of all the


feasible solutions of the system of linear
inequalities is called a feasible solution set.

 Convex Region: If the line segment joining any


two points of a certain region lies entirely within
the region, then such a region is called convex
region.
 Linear Programming: The mathematical
technique which deals with the problems to get
optimization (maximization or minimization) of a
linear function of variable is called linear
programming.

 Objective Function: A function which is to be a


maximized or minimized is called an objective
function.

 Optimal solution: The feasible solution which


maximizes or minimizes the objective function is
called optimal solution.

CHAPTER 7
 Vector: A physical quantity defined by its magnitude and
direction is also called vector. e.g. force, length.

 Scalar: A physical quantity which is defined only by its


magnitude is called scalar. e.g. mass, time.

 Magnitude or length: Absolute value of vector is called


magnitude or length its denoted by |¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯AB||AB¯|.
 Unit Vector: A vector whose magnitude is unity
or 11, ^v=v|v|v^=v|v|.
 Equal Vector: Two vectors |¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯AB||AB¯| and |¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯PQ||
PQ¯| are equal if they have same magnitude and
direction |¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯AB|=|¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯PQ||AB¯|=|PQ¯|.
 Parallel Vector: Two vectors are parallel if and only if
they are non-zero scalar multiple of each a=αba=αb
 Position vector: The vector of whose initial point is the
origin OO terminal point is PP.
CHAPTER 2
Differentiation: Instantaneous rate of change of one variable with
respect to other variable is called derivative or differentiation. Its denoted
by dydxdydx.

 Increasing function: A function ff is defined on an interval [a,b]


[a,b] is said to be increasing function on [a,b]
[a,b] if f(x1)>f(x2)f(x1)>f(x2) whenever x1<x2x1<x2 ,
where x1x1 and x2x2 are any numbers in the interval [a,b][a,b].

 Decreasing function: A function ff is defined on an interval [a,b]


[a,b] is said to be decreasing function on [a,b]
[a,b] if f(x1)<f(x2)f(x1)<f(x2), whenever x1<x2x1<x2,
where x1x1 and x2x2 are any numbers in the interval.

 Critical point: If c∈Dfc∈Df and f′(c)=0f′(c)=0 or f′(c)f′(c) does not


exists then cc is called critical value or point.

 Stationary point: Those critical points on the graph of ff at which f


′=0f′=0 are called stationary point of ff.

 Relative maxima: ff has relative maxima at cc if f′′(c)<0f″(c)<0.

 Relative minima: ff has relative manima at cc if f′′(c)>0f″(c)>0.

 Turning point: A stationary point is called turning point if it is either a


maximum point or a minimum point.

 Point of inflection: A stationary point is called point of inflection if a


function have neither local maxima nor local minima at that point.

Unit 03
 Integration or Anti-derivative: Inverse process of differentiation is
called integration.
 Differential equation: An equation containing at least one derivation
of a dependent variable w.r.t an independent variable.
e.g. ydydx+x=0ydydx+x=0.
 order of differential equation: The order of a differential is the
order of the highest derivative in the equation.

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