CSEC Add Maths

Paper 2

June 2021

Solutions
 SECTION I

Answer all questions.

ALL working must be clearly shown.

1. (a) (i) Determine the remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 7𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 3 is divided by

𝑥 − 1. [2]

Consider,

𝑥−1=0

𝑥=1

When 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 − 1), then by the Remainder Theorem, 𝑓(1) is

the remainder.

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 7𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 3

𝑓(1) = 𝑎(1)3 + 7(1)2 − 7(1) − 3

𝑓(1) = 𝑎 + 7 − 7 − 3

𝑓(1) = 𝑎 − 3

∴ The remainder is 𝑓(1) = 𝑎 − 3.

(ii) If the remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 + 3) is equal to the

remainder determined in (a)(i), find the value of 𝑎. [3]

Consider,

𝑥+3=0

𝑥 = −3

When 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 + 3), then by the Remainder Theorem, 𝑓(−3)

is the remainder.

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 7𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 3

𝑓(−3) = 𝑎(−3)3 + 7(−3)2 − 7(−3) − 3

𝑓(−3) = 𝑎(−27) + 7(9) − 7(−3) − 3

𝑓(−3) = −27𝑎 + 63 + 21 − 3

𝑓(−3) = −27𝑎 + 81

Now, this remainder is equal to the remainder found in part (a)(i).

−27𝑎 + 81 = 𝑎 − 3

−27𝑎 − 𝑎 = −81 − 3

−28𝑎 = −84
−84
𝑎 = −28

𝑎=3

∴ The value of 𝑎 = 3.
(b) Consider the function 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + (𝑚 + 4)𝑥 + 4𝑚 = 0, which has real and

equal roots. Use the discriminant of the given equation to determine the

value for 𝑚. You may use the grid provided to assist you. [5]

𝑥 2 + (𝑚 + 4)𝑥 + 4𝑚 = 0 which is in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0,

where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑚 + 4 and 𝑐 = 4𝑚.

Since the function has real and equal roots, then

𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0

(𝑚 + 4)2 − 4(1)(4𝑚) = 0

𝑚2 + 8𝑚 + 16 − 16𝑚 = 0

𝑚2 − 8𝑚 + 16 = 0

(𝑚 − 4)2 = 0

𝑚−4=0

𝑚=4
𝑦

𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16

× (0, 16)

× 𝑥
(4,0)
(c) Let ℎ(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10.

(i) Express ℎ(𝑥) in the form 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑏)2 + 𝑐. [3]

= 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10

= 2(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥) − 10

= 2(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4) − 10 − 2(4)

= 2(𝑥 + 2)2 − 10 − 8

= 2(𝑥 + 2)2 − 18 which is in the form 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑏)2 + 𝑐,

where 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −2 and 𝑐 = −18.

(ii) State the minimum value of ℎ(𝑥). [1]

ℎ(𝑥) = 2(𝑥 + 2)2 − 18

The minimum value of ℎ(𝑥) is −18.

(iii) Determine the value of 𝑥 for which ℎ(𝑥) is a minimum. [1]

ℎ(𝑥) = 2(𝑥 + 2)2 − 18

Consider,

𝑥+2=0

𝑥 = −2

∴ The value of 𝑥 for which ℎ(𝑥) is a minimum is 𝑥 = −2.

Total: 15 marks
2. (a) Given that log 2 (6 + √12) − log 2 (3 + √𝑎) = log 10, find the value of 𝑎. [5]

log 2 (6 + √12) − log 2 (3 + √𝑎) = log 10

(6+√12)
log 2 (3+√𝑎)
=1

Converting to exponential form gives:

(6+√12)
(3+√𝑎)
= 21

6+√12
=2
3+√𝑎

6 + √12 = 2(3 + √𝑎)

6 + √12 = 6 + 2√𝑎

√12 = 2√𝑎

Squaring both sides gives:

2 2
(√12) = (2√𝑎)

12 = 4𝑎
12
=𝑎
4

3=𝑎

∴ The value of 𝑎 = 3.
 2−𝑥
(b) Determine the set of values of 𝑥 for which 4𝑥−9 < 0. [4]

2−𝑥
<0
4𝑥−9

× (4𝑥 − 9)2

(2 − 𝑥)(4𝑥 − 9) < 0

The critical values are:

2−𝑥 =0 and 4𝑥 − 9 = 0
9
𝑥=2 𝑥=
4

Consider the sketch below:

𝑦 = (2 − 𝑥)(4𝑥 − 9)

× ×
2 9
4

Since we are considering (2 − 𝑥)(4𝑥 − 9) < 0 , then we look where the graph

is negative which is below the 𝑥-axis.

9
∴ The solution set is {𝑥: 𝑥 < 2 ∪ 𝑥 > 4}.
(c) Alice deposited $4000 into her new savings account at Bank of Fortune,

which pays interest at 8% per annum. The bank’s compounded interest is

represented by the geometric progression

𝑅 𝑇
𝐴 = 𝑃 (1 + 100) where 𝐴 is the amount of money accumulated after 𝑇 years,

𝑅, the percentage rate of interest per annum and 𝑇, a positive integer, the

time in years.

Determine the number of years it would take Alice’s money to at least

triple. [6]

𝑃 = $4000

𝑅 = 8%

𝐴 = 3 × $4000

𝐴 = $12 000

Now,

𝑅 𝑇
𝐴 = 𝑃 (1 + 100)

8 𝑇
12 000 = 4000 (1 + 100)

12000 8 𝑇
= (1 + 100)
4000

3 = (1.08)𝑇

(1.08)𝑇 = 3

Taking logs on both sides gives:

log(1.08)𝑇 = log 3

𝑇 log 1.08 = log 3

log 3
𝑇 = log 1.08

𝑇 = 14.3 years (to 3 significant figures)

Since 𝑇 is a positive integer, then 𝑇 = 15 years.

∴ The number of years it would take Alice’s money to at least triple is 15

years.

Total: 15 marks
 SECTION II

Answer ALL questions.

ALL working must be clearly shown.

3. (a) The coordinates for the centre of a circle is (2, 1) and the coordinates for a

point on its circumference is (3, 3).

(i) Determine the equation of the circle in the form

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0. [4]

Points are (2, 1) and (3, 3).

Length of radius, 𝑟 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

Length of radius, 𝑟 = √(3 − 2)2 + (3 − 1)2

Length of radius, 𝑟 = √12 + 22

Length of radius, 𝑟 = √5 units

The standard form of the equation of a circle is:

(𝑥 − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑟 2

where 𝐶(𝑎, 𝑏) and radius = 𝑟.

The centre is 𝐶(2, 1) and the radius, 𝑟 = √5.

2
(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = (√5)

(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 5

Expanding gives:
 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 5

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4 + 1 − 5 = 0

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 0

which is in the form 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0,

where 𝑎 = −4, 𝑏 = −2 and 𝑐 = 0.

(ii) The circle intersects the 𝑥 and 𝑦-axes at three points. Determine the

coordinates of the three points of intersection. [4]

The equation of the circle is (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 5.

When 𝑥 = 0,

(0 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 5

(2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 5

4 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 5

(𝑦 − 1)2 = 5 − 4

(𝑦 − 1)2 = 1

𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 1

𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 = 0

𝑦(𝑦 − 2) = 0

Either 𝑦=0 or 𝑦−2=0

𝑦=2

The points are (0, 0) and (0, 2).

When 𝑦 = 0,

(𝑥 − 2)2 + (0 − 1)2 = 5

(𝑥 − 2)2 + (−1)2 = 5

(𝑥 − 2)2 + 1 = 5

(𝑥 − 2)2 = 5 − 1

(𝑥 − 2)2 = 4

𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 4

𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 = 0

𝑥(𝑥 − 4) = 0

Either 𝑥=0 or 𝑥−4=0

𝑥=4

The points are (0, 0) and (4, 0).

∴ The coordinates of the three points of intersection are (0, 0), (0, 2)

and (4, 0).

(iii) Determine the equation of the tangent to the circle at the

point (3,3). [4]

Consider the sketch below.

tangent
(3, 3)

normal
𝐶(2, 1)

Points are (2, 1) and (3, 3).

𝑦 −𝑦
𝑚 = 𝑥2−𝑥1
2 1

3−1
𝑚 = 3−2

𝑚=2

Gradient of normal = 2
1
Gradient of tangent = − 2

1
Substituting 𝑚 = − 2 and point (3, 3) into 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) gives:

1
𝑦 − 3 = − 2 (𝑥 − 3)

1 3
𝑦 − 3 = −2𝑥 + 2

1 3
𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 2 + 3

1 9
𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 2 → Equation of tangent
(b) The position vectors of two points, 𝑃 and 𝑄, relative to a fixed origin, 𝑂, are

2 −4
given by 𝑂𝑃 = ( ) and 𝑂𝑄 = ( ). Determine the unit vector in the
−3 1

direction of 𝑷𝑸, giving your answer in simplest surd form. [4]

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ( 2 ) and 𝑂𝑄
𝑂𝑃 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (−4)
−3 1

Using the triangle law,

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑂𝑄 − 𝑂𝑃
𝑃𝑄

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (−4) − ( 2 )
𝑃𝑄
1 −3

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ( −4 − 2 )
𝑃𝑄
1 − (−3)

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ −6
𝑃𝑄 = ( )
4

The magnitude of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑃𝑄 is,

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = √(−6)2 + (4)2

|𝑃𝑄

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = √36 + 16
|𝑃𝑄

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = √52
|𝑃𝑄

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = √4 × 13
|𝑃𝑄

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = √4√13
|𝑃𝑄

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = 2√13
|𝑃𝑄

Now,
 𝑃𝑄 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
The unit vector is the direction of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑄 = |𝑃𝑄
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ |

1 −6
The unit vector is the direction of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑄 = 2√13 ( )
4
−6
1
The unit vector is the direction of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑄 = ( 42 )
√13
2

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 1 −3
The unit vector is the direction of 𝑃𝑄 ( )
√13 2
1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =
The unit vector is the direction of 𝑃𝑄 (−3𝒊̂ + 2𝒋̂)
√13

24
(c) Given that cos 𝑀 = 25 and that angle 𝑀 is acute, determine the value for

tan 2𝑀. [4]

2 tan 𝑀
tan 2𝑀 = 1−tan2 𝑀

24
We are given that cos 𝑀 = 25

𝑎𝑑𝑗
We are given that cos 𝑀 = ℎ𝑦𝑝

Consider the sketch below:

25
7

𝑀
24
Using Pythagoras’ Theorem,

𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 𝑐 2

𝑎2 + (24)2 = (25)2

𝑎2 + 576 = 625

𝑎2 = 625 − 576

𝑎2 = 49

𝑎 = √49

𝑎=7

𝑜𝑝𝑝
So, we have, tan 𝑀 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗

7
So, we have, tan 𝑀 = 24

Now,
2 tan 𝑀
tan 2𝑀 = 1−tan2 𝑀

7
2( )
24
tan 2𝑀 = 7 2
1−( )
24

7
12
tan 2𝑀 = 49
1−
576

7
12
tan 2𝑀 = 527
576

7 527
tan 2𝑀 = 12 ÷ 576

7 576
tan 2𝑀 = 12 × 527

336
tan 2𝑀 = 527

Total: 20 marks
 SECTION III

Answer ALL questions.

ALL working must be clearly shown.

4. (a) (i) Differentiate sin 𝑥 + cos 4𝑥 with respect to 𝑥. [2]

𝑑
(sin 𝑥 + cos 4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = cos 𝑥 + (−4 sin 4𝑥)
𝑑𝑥

𝑑
(sin 𝑥 + cos 4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = cos 𝑥 − 4 sin 4𝑥
𝑑𝑥

2𝑥 3 +2
(ii) Differentiate with respect to 𝑥. [3]
2𝑥+1

2𝑥 3 +2
Let 𝑦 = .
2𝑥+1

Let 𝑢 = 2𝑥 3 + 2 and 𝑣 = 2𝑥 + 1

𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑥
= 6𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
=2

Using the quotient rule,

𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑣
𝑑𝑥
−𝑢
𝑑𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑣2

𝑑2 𝑦 (2𝑥+1)(6𝑥2 )−(2𝑥 3 +2)(2)

=
𝑑𝑥 2 (2𝑥+1)2

𝑑2 𝑦 12𝑥 3 +6𝑥 2 −(4𝑥 3 +4)

=
𝑑𝑥 2 (2𝑥+1)2

𝑑2 𝑦 12𝑥 3 +6𝑥 2 −4𝑥 3 −4

=
𝑑𝑥 2 (2𝑥+1)2

𝑑2 𝑦 8𝑥 3 +6𝑥 2 −4
=
𝑑𝑥 2 (2𝑥+1)2
(b) Use the principles of differentiation to compute the stationary value of the

function 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2. [4]

𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2

𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑥 − 4
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
At stationary values, 𝑑𝑥 = 0.

𝑑𝑦
When 𝑑𝑥 = 0,

2𝑥 − 4 = 0

2𝑥 = 4
4
𝑥=2

𝑥=2

When 𝑥 = 2,

𝑦 = (2)2 − 4(2) + 2

𝑦 = 4−8+2

𝑦 = −2

∴ The stationary value of the function is −2.

(c) A motorist starts from a point 𝑋 and travels 60 𝑚 due north to a point 𝑌 at a

constant speed of 4 𝑚𝑠 −1 . He stays at 𝑌 for 25 seconds and then travels at a

constant speed of 10 𝑚𝑠 −1 for 100 𝑚 due south to a point, 𝑍. Calculate

(i) the average speed for the whole journey. [4]

He travelled 60 𝑚 at a constant speed of 4 𝑚𝑠 −1 .

𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Time = 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑

60
Time = 4

Time = 15 𝑠

Consider the sketch below:

𝑑/𝑚

𝑌
60

𝑋
0 𝑡/𝑠
15 40 50

−40 𝑍
He travelled 100 𝑚 at a constant speed of 10 𝑚𝑠 −1.

𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Time = 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑

100
Time = 10

Time = 10 𝑠

Total distance travelled = 60 + 100

Total distance travelled = 160 𝑚

Total time taken = 15 + 25 + 10

Total time taken = 50 𝑠

Hence,

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Average speed =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

160
Average speed = 50

Average speed = 3.2 𝑚𝑠 −1

∴ The average speed for the whole journey is 3.2 𝑚𝑠 −1.

(ii) the average velocity of the whole journey. [2]

𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Average velocity = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒

−40
Average velocity = 50

Average velocity = −0.8 𝑚𝑠 −1

∴ The average velocity of the whole journey is −0.8 𝑚𝑠 −1 .

Total: 15 marks
5. (a) Determine the following integrals, giving each answer in its simplest form.

(i) ∫ 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [2]

2𝑥 3 3𝑥 2
∫ 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 3
+ 2
+𝑐

(ii) ∫ 2 sin 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [3]

1
∫ 2 sin 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 2 (− 3 cos 3𝑥) + 𝑐

2
∫ 2 sin 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − 3 cos 3𝑥 + 𝑐

(b) Using an integration method, calculate the area of the region in the first

quadrant under the graph 𝑦 = 3 sin 𝑥. [4]

Consider the sketch below:

𝑦 = sin 𝑥

0 𝜋 𝑥
2
 𝑏
Area of the region = ∫𝑎 𝑦 𝑑𝑥

𝜋
Area of the region = ∫02 (3 sin 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

𝜋
2
Area of the region = [−3 cos 𝑥]0

𝜋
Area of the region = −3 cos 2 − (−3 cos 0)

Area of the region = −3(0) + 3(1)

Area of the region = 0 + 3

Area of the region = 3 square units

∴ The area of the region in the first quadrant is 3 units2 .

(c) A particle starting from rest travels in a straight line with an acceleration, 𝑎,

given by 𝑎 = 𝑡 2 where 𝑡 is the time in seconds.

(i) Determine the velocity, 𝑣, of the particle in terms of time, 𝑡. [2]

𝑎 = 𝑡2

𝑣 = ∫ 𝑎 𝑑𝑡

𝑣 = ∫ 𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡

𝑡3
𝑣= +𝑐
3

When 𝑡 = 0 and 𝑣 = 0,
 (0)3
0= +𝑐
3

0=0+𝑐

𝑐=0

𝑡3
∴ The velocity of the particle is: 𝑣 = .
3

(ii) Calculate the displacement, 𝑠, of the particle in the interval of time

𝑡 = 0 to 𝑡 = 2. [4]

𝑏
𝑠 = ∫𝑎 𝑣 𝑑𝑡

2 𝑡3
𝑠 = ∫0 𝑑𝑡
3

2
1 𝑡4
𝑠 = 3[4]
0

1 24 04
𝑠 = 3(4 − )
4

1 16
𝑠 = 3 ( 4 − 0)

1
𝑠 = 3 (4)

4
𝑠 = 3 units

4
∴ The displacement of the particle is 3 units.

Total: 15 marks
 SECTION IV

Answer ALL questions.

ALL working must be clearly shown.

6. (a) Two fair tetrahedral dice with faces numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 are rolled. The

numbers obtained on the turned-down face of each dice are noted.

Create a sample space table listing ALL possible outcomes for the two

dice. [3]

The sample space table is shown below:

4 1,4 2,4 3,4 4,4

1,3 2,3 3,3 4,3

3
Dice 1

1,2 2,2 3,2 4,2

2

1,1 2,1 3,1 4,1

1

1 2 3 4

Dice 2
(b) Using your sample space table created in (a), or otherwise, determine the

probability of obtaining a 4

(i) on both dice [1]

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

Probability = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

1
Probability = 16

1
∴ The probability of obtaining a 4 on both dice is 16 .

(ii) on at least one dice [1]

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

Probability = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

7
Probability = 16

7
∴ The probability of obtaining a 4 on at least one dice is 16 .

(iii) on exactly one dice. [1]

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

Probability = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

6
Probability = 16

3
Probability = 8

3
∴ The probability of obtaining a 4 on exactly one dice is 8 .
(iv) Show that obtaining a 4 on both dice are independent events. [2]

Let 𝐴 be the event of obtaining a 4 on Dice 1.

Let 𝐵 be the event of obtaining a 4 on Dice 2.

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

1
𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 16

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

𝑃(𝐴) =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

1
𝑃(𝐴) = 4

𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

𝑃(𝐵) = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠

1
𝑃(𝐵) = 4

So,
1 1
𝑃(𝐴) × 𝑃(𝐵) = 4 × 4

1
𝑃(𝐴) × 𝑃(𝐵) = 16

1
Since 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 16 = 𝑃(𝐴) × 𝑃(𝐵), then obtaining a 4 on both dice

are independent events.

Q.E.D.
(v) Determine the probability of obtaining a 4 on both dice, given that a 4

was obtained on at least one dice. [2]

Let 𝐴 be the event of obtaining a 4 on both dice.

Let 𝐵 be the event of obtaining a 4 on at least one dice.

𝑃(𝐴∩𝐵)
𝑃(𝐴|𝐵) =
𝑃 (𝐵 )

1
( )
16
𝑃(𝐴|𝐵) = 7
( )
16

1 7
𝑃(𝐴|𝐵) = 16 ÷ 16

1 16
𝑃(𝐴|𝐵) = 16 × 7

1
𝑃(𝐴|𝐵) = 7

∴ The probability of obtaining a 4 on both dice, given that a 4 was

1
obtained on at least one dice is 7 .
(c) The scores of a class of 30 students on a Mathematics test were used to draw

the box plot below. (The total score possible is 20 marks.)

Using the box plot, determine the following:

(i) The median score [2]

The median score is 11 marks.

(ii) The range of the scores [1]

Range = Highest Value – Lowest Value

Range = 20 − 4

Range = 16 marks
(iii) The semi-interquartile range of the scores [2]

Interquartile range = 𝑄3 − 𝑄1

Interquartile range = 17 − 7

Interquartile range = 10

𝐼𝑄𝑅
Semi-interquartile range = 2

10
Semi-interquartile range = 2

Semi-interquartile range = 5

(iv) Comment on the shape of the distribution of the scores. [1]

The distribution of the scores is positively skewed.

A student wants to determine the mean score for the data set.

(v) State ONE reason why it would be impossible to determine the mean

score from the box plot. [1]

It would be impossible to determine the mean score from the box plot

since the individual scores were not given, and this is necessary in

finding the mean.

(vi) State what additional piece of information would be needed to

determine the mean score. [1]

To determine the mean score, we would also need the frequencies of

the scores.

(vii) Given that the sum of the 30 scores for the class is 354 and the sum of

the squares of the scores is 4994, determine the standard deviation for

the data set. [3]

We are given that ∑ 𝑥 = 354 and ∑ 𝑥 2 = 4994.

∑𝑥
Mean, 𝑥 = 𝑛

354
Mean, 𝑥 = 30

Mean, 𝑥 = 11.8
 The standard deviation for the data set is,

∑ 𝑥2
𝑆=√ − (𝑥)2
𝑛

4994
𝑆=√ − (11.8)2
30

2042
𝑆=√ 75

𝑆 = 5.22 (to 3 significant figures)

∴ The standard deviation for the data set is 5.22.

Total: 20 marks

END OF TEST

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