Scribd
Upload
7 views

Algorithm Content

Uploaded by

OMKAR AGARWAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views

Algorithm Content

Uploaded by

OMKAR AGARWAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Algorithm

An algorithm is a step by step procedure or a set of rules to solve a problem


or perform a task. Algorithms are essential in computer science, mathematics,
and daily decision making.

1. Characteristics of an Algorithm
 Finiteness: An algorithm must terminate after a finite number of steps.
 Definiteness: Each step of the algorithm must be clear and
unambiguous.
 Input: Algorithms take zero or more inputs.
 Output: At least one output is produced after execution.

2. Types of Algorithms
 Sorting Algorithms: Arranging data in a particular order (e.g., Bubble
Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort).
 Searching Algorithms: Finding specific data within a dataset (e.g.,
Linear Search, Binary Search).
 Divide and Conquer: Breaking a problem into smaller subproblems
(e.g., Merge Sort).
 Dynamic Programming: Solving complex problems by breaking them
into simpler overlapping subproblems (e.g., Fibonacci sequence,
Knapsack Problem).
3. Complexity of Algorithms
 Time Complexity: Measures the time taken by an algorithm as a
function of the input size.
 Space Complexity: Measures the amount of memory space required.
 Includes space for inputs, outputs, and temporary computations.

4. Data Structures and Algorithms


 Algorithms often rely on data structures for optimal performance.
 Arrays: Used in sorting and searching algorithms.
 Linked Lists: Applied in traversal and manipulation algorithms.
5. Design Techniques for Algorithms
 Brute Force: Try all possible solutions and select the best one.
 Divide and Conquer: Divide the problem, solve each part, and combine
results.
 Greedy Method: Solve by choosing the best available option at each
step.
 Dynamic Programming: Solve recursively and store results for reuse.
 Backtracking: Explore all possibilities by undoing the last step when
needed.

6. Common Algorithm Applications


 Cryptography: Algorithms for encryption and decryption (e.g., RSA,
AES).
 Machine Learning: Training models using optimization algorithms (e.g.,
Gradient Descent).

7. Algorithm Analysis
 Best Case: The minimum time required for execution.
 Worst Case: The maximum time required for execution.
 Average Case: The expected time for various inputs.

8. Algorithm Testing and Optimization


 Dry Run: Manually step through the algorithm with test inputs.
 Unit Testing: Test small parts of the algorithm independently.
 Profiling: Identify bottlenecks in the implementation.
 Optimization: Reduce complexity by refactoring the algorithm.
9. Tools and Techniques for Learning Algorithms
 Visualization Tools: Platforms like Visual go for graphical
understanding.
 Coding Platforms: Practice on Leet Code, Hacker Rank, or Code forces.
 Books: Introduction to Algorithms by Cormen (CLRS).
 Languages: Practice using Python, C++, or Java.

Write a program in C to print sum of 6 number


Algorithm

1. Start
2. Declare six integer variables to store the numbers (e.g., num1,
num2, ..., num6) and one variable sum initialized to 0.
3. Prompt the user to input the first number and store it in num1.
4. Repeat step 3 for the remaining five numbers.
5. Calculate the sum of the six numbers using sum = num1 + num2
+ num3 + num4 + num5 + num6.
6. Display the sum.
7. End
Code
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

// Declare variables for the numbers and the sum

int num1, num2, num3, num4, num5, num6, sum;

// Input numbers

printf("Enter the first number: ");

scanf("%d", &num1);

printf("Enter the second number: ");

scanf("%d", &num2);

printf("Enter the third number: ");

scanf("%d", &num3);

printf("Enter the fourth number: ");

scanf("%d", &num4);

printf("Enter the fifth number: ");

scanf("%d", &num5);

printf("Enter the sixth number: ");

scanf("%d", &num6);
// Calculate the sum

sum = num1 + num2 + num3 + num4 + num5 + num6;

// Display the sum

printf("The sum of the six numbers is: %d\n", sum);

return 0;

You might also like