Introduction To Public Health - Define Pop Health
Introduction To Public Health - Define Pop Health
Introduction To Public Health - Define Pop Health
Figure 1.2 This photo was taken during the 2018 Klondike Fire in Oregon. In addition to
threatening human lives and homes, wildfires severely impact air quality, release harmful
pollutants, and devastate wildlife and ecosystems. (credit: “Forest road 2512 and smoke-
Adapted from Population Health for Nurses by Jessica Ochs, Sherry L. Roper, and Susan M.
Schwartz and licensed under CC BY 4.0. Access for free at
https://openstax.org/books/population-health/pages/1-introduction
filled air, Klondike Fire” by U.S. Forest Service-Pacific Northwest Region/Flickr, Public
Domain)
Tobacco Use
Healthy People 2030 developed 25 measurable objectives, one developmental objective,
and one research objective to address tobacco use. Since creating these objectives, three
targets have been met or exceeded: reducing cigarette smoking in adolescents, reducing
the use of smokeless tobacco products among adolescents, and reducing the lung cancer
death rate.
Adapted from Population Health for Nurses by Jessica Ochs, Sherry L. Roper, and Susan M.
Schwartz and licensed under CC BY 4.0. Access for free at
https://openstax.org/books/population-health/pages/1-introduction
Figure 1.3 Population health involves the complex interactions of upstream, midstream,
and downstream interventions. (attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC
BY 4.0 license)
These key components interact in complex and evolving ways as population health and the
health status of the population change over time. By employing upstream interventions,
such as policy changes and universal health care, population health addresses the societal
factors that impact the health of the population on a broad scale and ultimately the health
of individual clients. Midstream approaches can contribute to fostering healthier
environments in diverse settings. Downstream interventions, such as those that focus on
individual behavior to support health, are also important in a population health model, as
members of the population will never be fully free of health conditions requiring treatment.
Together, upstream, midstream, and downstream approaches offer a framework for
population health programming and interventions that can create positive health
outcomes.
Adapted from Population Health for Nurses by Jessica Ochs, Sherry L. Roper, and Susan M.
Schwartz and licensed under CC BY 4.0. Access for free at
https://openstax.org/books/population-health/pages/1-introduction