What is

problem
solving?
• cognitive psychological process of solving
problems
• process of identifying a problem ,
priotizing , selecting alternatives for a solution
and evaluating outcomes

Who is
George
 UNDERSTAND THE
PROBLEM
• What is known?
• What is not known?
• What type of answer is
required?
• Is the problem similar
to other problems
you've seen?
• Are they any
important terms for
which you should look
up definitions?

LOOK BACK AND

POLYA’S
REVIEW
• Verify your answer MAKE A PLAN
using a different method •Develop strategies to
than the one you used address the problem ,

4 STEPS
to solve the problem. such as listing options ,
• Assess the drawing diagrams ,
effectiveness of your eliminating possibilities ,
solution method. Was it applying formulas ,

IN
successful? Could it be guessing and checking ,
improved? Are there or solving a related ,
other problems where simplier problem.
this mehod coud be

PROBLE
applied?

CARRY OUT THE

M PLAN
• Implement the
strategy you planned

SOLVING
to solve the porblem.
Perform necessary
calculations.
 GUESS AND
CHECK
GUESS AND CHECK is a great problem-solving tool to help people
find the solutions to problems they normally wouldn't know how to do. The
guess and check problem-solving strategy is done by guessing an answer
to a math problem then checking to see if that answer is correct.

EXAMPLE NO. 1
PROBLEM:
A number that multiplied by 3 is equal to 27. What is the number?

UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM:

What is the number that multiplied by 3 is equal to 27?

MAKE A PLAN:
Use Guess and check

CARRY OUT THE PLAN:

First guess: Number 7

3 x 7 = 21 ( not correct )
Second guess: Number 5
3 x 5 = 15 ( not correct )
Third guess: Number 9
3 x 9 = 27 ( correct )

Look back and Review:

Therefore a number that multiplied by 3 is 9.

EXAMPLE NO. 2
PROBLEM:
Jobords bought a 5-burger steak. Each burger steak cost PHP90.00. How
much did Jobords total spend for the burger steak?
 Understand the problem:
Detemine how much did Jobords total spend for the burger steak?

Make a plan:
Use Guess and check

Carry out the plan:

First guess: Total spend 500 pesos

5 x 90 = 500 ( not correct )

Second guess: Total spend 1500 pesos

5 x 90 = 1500 ( not correct )

Third guess: Total spend 450 pesos

5 x 90 = 450 ( correct )

Look back and Review:

Therefore jobords spend 450 pesos for the burger steak.
 MAKE A TABLE
Make a table is helpful when solving problems involving numerical
relationships. When data is organized in a table, it is easier to recognize
patterns and relationships between numbers.

EXAMPLE NO. 1
PROBLEM:
Marcus ran a lemonade stand for five days. On the first day he made 20 pesos.
Every day after that he made 5 pesos more than the previous day. How much
money did Marcus make in all after five days?

UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM:

Determine how much money did Marcus make in all after five days

MAKE A PLAN:
Use Make a Table

CARRY OUT THE PLAN:

Days 1 2 3 4 5
Pesos made 20 pesos 25 pesos 30 pesos 35 pesos 40 pesos
+5 +5 +5 +5 Total: 150
pesos

Look back and Review:

Therefore the total money did Marucs make in all after five days is 150 pesos.

EXAMPLE NO. 2
PROBLEM:
A typhoon Yolanda travels at a speed of 120 miles per hour. How far wil
it travel in 3hours?
 UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM:
Typhoon Yolanda's speed is 120 miles per hour.

Typhoon Yolanda travels for 3 hours.

We need to find the total distance traveled.

MAKE A PLAN:
Use Make a Table

CARRY OUT THE PLAN:

HOUR DISTANCE ( MILES )

1 120
2 120
3 120
TOTAL 360 MILES PER HOUR

Look back and Review:

Therefore typhoon Yolanda will travel 360 miles per hour in 3hours
 MAKING AN ORGANIZED
LIST
Making a list or a table is a way to organize data presented in a problem. This
problem solving strategy allows students to discover relationships and patterns
among data. This strategy helps students to bring a logical and systematic
development to their mathematics.

EXAMPLE NO. 1
PROBLEM:
Pardy has 4 shirts ( yellow , orange , black and white ) and 2 pairs of pants ( Navy blue and
White ). How many different outfits can Pardy make?

UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM:

• Find how many different outfits can be made
• You have 4 shirts: yellow , orange , black and white
• You have 2 pairs of pants: Navy blue and White.
• An outfit consists of 1 shirt and 1 pair of pants.
• Each combination counts as one outfit.

MAKE A PLAN:
We will use Make an Organized list.

CARRY OUT THE PLAN:

SHIRTS PANTS OUTFIT

YELLOW NAVY BLUE YELLOW SHIRTS , NAVY BLUE
PANTS
YELLOW WHITE YELLOW SHIRTS , WHITE PANTS
ORANGE NAVY BLUE ORANGE SHIRTS , NAVY BLUE
PANTS
ORANGE WHITE ORANGE SHIRTS , WHITE PANTS
BLACK NAVY BLUE BLACK SHIRTS , NAVY BLUE
PANTS
BLACK WHITE BLACK SHIRTS , NAVY BLUE
PANTS
WHITE NAVY BLUE WHITE SHIRT , NAVY BLUE PANTS
WHITE WHITE WHITE SHIRTS , WHITE PANTS
 Look back and Review:
Therefore there are 8 different outfits can Pardy make.

EXAMPLE NO. 2
PROBLEM:
Harold, Niña, Adam, and Rachel sit at the same table. Student must go to the
drinking fountain in groups of 3. What possible combinations of these students can
go to the drinking fountain together.

UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM:

The possible combinations of students that could go to the drinking fountain
together.
MAKE A PLAN:
We will use Make an Organized list.

HAROLD NIÑA ADAM

NIÑA ADAM RACHEL
ADAM RACHEL HAROLD
RACHEL HAROLD NIÑA

Look back and Review:

So therefore there are 4 possible combinations of student who can go to
the drinking fountain together.
 Eliminating Possibilities
Eliminating Possibilities is a problem-solving strategy through which
possible answers are removed until only the correct answer remains.

EXAMPLE NO. 1
PROBLEM:
Four friends are participating in a competetion Alex, Bella, Carla, and David. One of them won and the
clues are.

1. The winner's name starts with a vowel.

2. The winner is not Bella.

3. The winner's name has fewer than 6 letters.

Who is the winner?

UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM:

We need to determine the winner by systematically applying the clues and eliminiating names that do
not fit.

MAKE A PLAN:
To answer the problem, we will use the Eliminating Possibilities Strategy.

CARRY OUT THE PLAN:

Name Starts with a Is not bella Fewer than 6 Still possible

vowel Letters
Alex YES YES YES YES
Bella NO NO YES NO
Carla NO YES YES NO
David NO YES YES NO

Look back and Review:

The winner is Alex , as Alex is the only name that satisfies all the given clues.
 EXAMPLE NO. 2
PROBLEM:
Imbang asked Marcel how old he was. Marcel said that he give him a clue if she could

guess it. Marcel wrote down the clues .

1. My age is between 60 and 70

2. My age is a multiple by 3

3. My age is odd number

4. My age is upside down number.

How old is Marcel?

UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM:

The problem is telling us that Imbang has to guess Marcel's age and to be able to guess
his age he needs to use different conditions given.
MAKE A PLAN:
To answer the problem, we will use the Eliminating Possibilities Strategy.

CARRY OUT THE PLAN:

We need to use four different conditions to solve the problem

Condition 1: Marcel's age is between 60 and 70, so we can list all the numbers between 60 and 70.

61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69

Condition 2: This conditions says that Marcel's age is a multiple of 3.

63,66,69

Condition 3: Marcel's age is odd number. So 66 is not the age of Marcel.

Condition 4: Marcel's age is upside down and the answer is 69.

Look back and Review:

Our answer is correct because 69 is a upside down number.
 STRATEGIES
IN
MATH
SUBMITTED BY:
JAMES NOEL MUEBLES
HAZEL RICAPLAZA

SUBMITTED TO:
CLYDE BLESSY T. CABONILAS