Solution

GRADE 10 ELECTRICITY PART 1

Class 10 - Science
Section A
1.
(d) 0.1 A
Explanation:
Range 2 1
Last cout = T otal divisions
=
20
=
10
= 0.1 A

2.
(d) 10-3 A and 10-6 A respectively
Explanation:

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μ A = 10-6 a
mA = 10-3 a

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3.

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(c) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii)
Explanation:
(a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii)
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4.
(b) 1.6 V
Explanation:
by

Voltage drop in arm containing 2Ω and 3Ω is 4 V. Let voltage drop across each resistor be 2x and 3x.
∴ 2x + 3x = 4 ⇒ x = 4

∴ Voltage across 2Ω is 2x
i.e., 2 × = 1.6 V
4
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5.
(c) heating effect of current
a

Explanation:
The heating effect of current is the working principle for an electric fuse.
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6.
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(c) Very high resistance

Explanation:
A voltmeter is used to measure the potential difference in the circuit. It is always connected in parallel because it has very high
resistance.

7.
(b) 2 A
Explanation:
2A

8.
(b) 3
Explanation:
3

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 9.
(b) 9.2 A
Explanation:
9.2 A

10.
(d) straight line
Explanation:
If a graph drawn between the potential difference and current the graph is found to be a straight line passing through the origin.
From the graph, we see that Potential difference (V) and current (I) directly proportional to one another.

11.
(b) 18 × 106 J

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Explanation:
Given,

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I = 5A
R = 100 ohm

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T = 2 hours
We know that,
Energy consumed = P × T = I2RT
Substituting the values,
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Energy consumed = 5kWh
1kWh = 3.6 × 106 J
Therefore, 5kWh = 5 × 3.6 × 106 J = 18 × 106 J
by

12.
(b) 2Ω
Explanation:
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2Ω

total or equivalent resistance is given by:

1/Req=1/R1+1/R2+ 1/R3 +1/R4+ 1/R5
Since each resistor has a resistance of 10 ohms:
a

Therefore, the equivalent resistance is:

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Req=2 ohms

13.
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(c) 31.25 × 1018C

Explanation:
Given,
Current, I = 5A
Time taken, t = 1s
We know that,
Q
I= t

Q = I × t = 5 × 1 = 5C
Number of electrons present in 1.6 × 1019C = 1
= 31.25 × 1018C
(5)
Number of electrons present in 5C = 19
(1.6× 10 )

14.
(d) Zero resistance

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 Explanation:
A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with zero resistance, When the temperature of certain material
reaches certain critical value called the critical temperature, the resistances of the material completely disappears. Then the
material behaves as a superconductor.

15.
(d) ammeter is connected in series and the voltmeter in parallel.
Explanation:
ammeter is connected in series and the voltmeter in parallel.

16.
(c) Nature of material
Explanation:
Resistivity is 'an intrinsic property of a material' that quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric

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current. The resistivity of a metallic wire depends on the nature of the material. It does not depend on the physical dimensions
(length, thickness, shape, etc.) of the metallic wire.

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17.
(d) nature of the material

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Explanation:
Electrical resistivity of a given metallic wire depends on the number density of free electrons in the conductor which is the
nature of the material, i.e., the number of free electrons per unit volume. It also depends on the temperature of the conductor.
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18.
(c) One-fourth
Explanation:
by

We know that
ρl
R= A

Therefore, when the diameter of the wire is doubled, the resistance becomes one-fourth of the actual value.
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19.
(c) 25
Explanation:
a

R
When a piece of wire of resistance R is cut into five equal parts, the resistance of each part will be
5
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When these parts are connected in parallel, the equivalent resistance of the combination will be given by :
1 5 5 5 5 5
= + + + +
′ R R R R R
R

Therefore, the ratio R/R' will be 25 : 1

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20. (a) the shape of the resistor is changed

Explanation:
The resistivity of a material is the inherent property of a material. It is defined as resistance offered by unit length and unit area
of cross-section of that material when a known voltage is applied across the ends of the material.
This property of material depends upon only on material and the temperature.
Hence, the shape and size of the material do affect its value.
21. (a) 583 °C
Explanation:
583 °C
22. (a) 4D and 2L
Explanation:
So Resistance will be minimum for shortest length and biggest area 4D and 2L

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23.
(c) Metals, Quartz
Explanation:
Metals are electropositive in nature and are, therefore, good conductors of electricity. Quartz is a chemical compound
consisting of one part silicon and two parts oxygen (SiO2). It is the most abundant mineral found in Earth surface. Its unique
properties make it one of the most useful natural substances. It has electrical properties and heat resistance that make it
valuable in electronic products. Mica has superior electrical properties as an insulator. Rubber is also an insulator.

24.

(b)

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Explanation:
After regular closing of switches, total resistance decreases, thus increasing the current.

25.
(b) 293
Explanation:
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A total of 293 bulbs can be used when they are all connected in parallel and have 75 W and 220 V.

26.
(b) 10 V
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Explanation:
10 V
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27.
(d) 15.9 V
Explanation:
15.9 V
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28.
(c) 3 A
Pr

Explanation:
The given circuit can be redrawn as follows

′
=
1

3
+
1

3
+
1

3
or R
′
= 1Ω
R

∴ RTotal = 2 + 1 + 2 = 5Ω
V 15
Hence, i = R
=
5
= 3 A

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Contact 9940200860 Prepared by Shruthi
29. (a) 1Ω
Explanation:
R1 = R2 = R3 = 3Ω
1 1 1 1
= + +
R R1 R2 R3

1 1 1
= 3
+
3
+
3
3
= 3

=1
Therefore, R = 1Ω
30. (a) 1

25
Ω

Explanation:
When resistors are connected in parallel, the supply current is equal to the sum of the currents through each resistor. Also, they
have the same potential difference across them.
In other words, any components in parallel have the same potential difference across them. And, the total resistance will always
be lesser than the least resistance in the circuit.

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The total resistance is calculated as = +
RT
1 1

R1
1

R2
+
1

R3
. That is, R =R
−1

In this case, the given resistance is 1

ohms each. Therefore, the minimum resistance that can be obtained from the parallel

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5

connection of these five resistors is given as follows:

. Therefore, R =
1 5 5 5 5 5 25 1
= + + + + =

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RT 1 1 1 1 1 1 25

Hence, the minimum resistance which can be made using five resistors each of 1/5 ohms is 1/25 ohms.
31.
r1 + √r1 −4r1 r2

(c)
r1 − √r1 −4r1 r2
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Explanation:
r1 = R1 + R2
dividing both side by, R2, we get
by

r1 R1

R2
= R2
+ 1 = X + 1 ...eque. (i)
1

r2
= 1

R1
+ R2
1

R1 R1

r2
=1+ R2
= 1 + X ... eque. (ii)
d

(i) × (ii)
= (1 + X)2
r1 R1
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( ) × ( )
r2 R2

X = 1 + X2 + 2X
r1

r2

X2 + (2 −
r1
⇒
r2
) X+1=0
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r r 2
1 1
( −2)+ √(2− ) −4
R1 r2 r2

R2
=X= 2

r1 + √r1 −4r1 r2
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r1 − √r1 −4r1 r2

32. (a) 25:1

Explanation:
R
When a piece of wire of resistance R is cut into five equal parts, the resistance of each part will be
5
When these parts are connected in parallel, the equivalent resistance of the combination = 1

′
= 5

R
× 5
R

Therefore, the ratio R : R' will be 25:1

33.
(b) 1 Ω
Explanation:
In this case, 5 resistors are connected in series and the total resistance is as follows.
Total resistance = + + + + = 1 ohm 1

5
1

5
1

5
1

5
1

Hence, the maximum resistance which can be made using five resistors each of 1

5
ohm is 1 ohm.

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Contact 9940200860 Prepared by Shruthi
34.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
The conductor has a positive charge, so it has lost two electrons.

35.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
A is false but R is true.

36. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Most of the part of consumed power of bulb is dissipated as heat but very less part gets converted into light. So, there is a need
for thermal isolation in order to reduce heat losses. This is the reason why bulbs are filled with inactive nitrogen and argon. So,

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both assertion and reason is true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
37.

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(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A is true but R is false.

38.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
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Ohm's law states that the electric current flowing through a metallic wire is directly proportional to the potential difference
across its two ends. The expression is written as:
V = IR
Here R (resistance of the wire) is constant value then only the statement will be valid.
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V ∝ I only if = constant
V

39.
(c) A is true but R is false.
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Explanation:
Conductivity = 1

Resistivity
Conductivity × resistivity = 1
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40.
(c) A is true but R is false.
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Explanation:
A is true but R is false.
ρ = ρ0 (1 + αΔT )

41.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

42. (a) a milliammeter, a resistor and a voltmeter

Explanation:

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Contact 9940200860 Prepared by Shruthi
 Ammeter (X) in series and voltmeter (Z) in parallel to the resistor (Y).

43.
(c) Temperature T2
Explanation:
Temperature T2 is higher than T1 since the slope ( ΔI

ΔV
) of the V - I graph at temperature T2, and hence the reciprocal of the
resistance, is smaller. Both the resistance and resistivity of a material vary with temperature. Resistivity of a conductor
increases with increase in temperature.

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44. (a) correct reading for current I, but incorrect reading for voltage V

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Explanation:
The voltmeter has to be put in parallel with the resistance being measured and not across the ammeter.
45. X = Ammeter, Y = Rheostat, Z = Voltmeter.

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46. Resistance decreases as R ∝ . 1

2
(Voltage rating of appliance)
47. a. Resistance of appliance =
(Power rating of appliance)

R= V
2

P
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Power rating of appliance
b. Safe current = Voltage rating of appliance

I= P

V
by

48. Resistance is equal to the slope of V-I graph. Here, slope of graph for temperature T2 is higher, so resistance for temperature T2 is
higher, As resistance is directly proportional to the temperature.
49. Nichrome, due to its high resistivity.
50. Silver of resistivity 1.60 × 10-8 ohm m is the best conductor.
d

51. When two 6Ω resistances are connected in parallel and the third resistance of 6Ω is connected in series combinations to this, then
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equivalent resistance will be 9Ω/

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1 1 1
= +
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RP 6Ω 6Ω

∴ RP = 3Ω

Rs = 6 + 3 = 9Ω

52.

In parellel,
1 1 1

′
= +
R 4 4

R' = 4

2
= 2Ω
In series, R = R' + R"
2Ω + 6Ω = 8Ω
Section B
53. State True or False:

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Contact 9940200860 Prepared by Shruthi
 (i) (b) False
Explanation: {
False. The potential difference is measured by means of an instrument called the voltmeter.
(ii) (a) True
Explanation: {
True
(iii) (a) True
Explanation: {
True
(iv) (b) False
Explanation: {
False. A parallel circuit divides the current through the electrical gadgets.
54. Fill in the blanks:

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(i) 1. Voltmeter
(ii) 1. Drawing
(iii) 1. Rheostat

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(iv) 1. Parallel

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d by
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Pr

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Contact 9940200860 Prepared by Shruthi