+1 Zoology Chapterwise Questions With Answers

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Navas cheemadan

HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION


ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
LIVING WORLD
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=1

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. Rearrange the following taxonomic categories in the correct sequence.

2. Binomial nomenclature was proposed by ............


3. The number and types of organisms present on earth is called……………….
4. Each category in taxonomic hierarchy is referred to as a unit of classification, in
fact, represents a rank and is commonly termed as ………………………
5. The description containing information on any one taxon is called
a)Flora b)Manual c)Monograph d)Key

II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.


6. Expand the following
a)ICBN b)ICZN
7. Match the following
Column A Column B
Tiger Hominidae
Dog Anacardiaceae
Man Canidae
Mango Felidae

8. What you mean by Binomial nomenclature? Write one example


9. What you mean by Taxonomy? What are the processes that are basic to
taxonomy?
10. Human beings were, since long, not only interested in knowing more about
different kinds of organisms and their diversities, but also the relationships
among them
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a)Name the branch of biology dealing with this?
b)…………………..is the title of Linnaeus publication
11. There is a need to standardise the naming of living organisms in the world,
Evaluate this statement?
12. Arrange the following procedure in Making of Herbarium sheets corrects
sequence
Plants collected, Plants pressed, Plants dried, and plants preserved on sheets

13. Two pools of generic name and specific epithet are given below. Select the
correct generic name and specific epithet, write the scientific name of two
organisms

14. a)As we go higher from species to kingdom, the number of common


characteristics goes on………………..
i)Decreasing ii)increasing iii)no change
b) Which of the following taxa share more the characteristics among members
within the taxon share
i)Species ii)Kingdom c)Phylum d)Order.
15. Write a short note on
a)Key b)Herbarium
16. Rearrange both the biological category and taxon based on taxonomical
hierarchy
(Hint-The last two terms of taxon will give the scientific name of housefly)

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III. Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score

17. The taxonomic categories of housefly are given in incorrect order.Re arrange
them in their ascending order
(Muscidae-Musca-arthropodaInsect-animalia-domestica-diptera)
18. Write a short note on
a)Monograph b)Flora c)Manual
19. Fill in the blanks
a) ……………….is a taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and
animals based on the similarities and dissimilarities
b) All animals belonging to various phyla are assigned to the highest category
called ………………….
c) ………………..are useful in providing information for identification of names
of species found in an area

20. Read the following statements if you find any mistake rewrite the sentence in
correct way.
a. Biological names are generally in Greek and written in greeks.
b. The first word in a biological name represents the Species while the
second component denotes the genus.
c. Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are together
underlined, or printed in bold to indicate their Latin origin.

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-LIVING WORLD
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species 1
2 Carolus Linnaeus 1
3 Biodiversity 1
4 Taxa/Taxon 1
5 c)Monograph 1
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 a)ICBN= International Code for Botanical Nomenclature 1
b)ICZN= International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 1
7 Column A Column B
Tiger Felidae 0.5
Dog Canidae 0.5
Man Hominidae 0.5
Mango Anacardiaceae 0.5
8 The system of naming of organism with name two components is called 1
binomial nomenclature.
Eg. Musca domestica (Any one example) 1
9 Based on characteristics, all living organisms can be classified into different 1
taxa. This process of classification is taxonomy.
Characterisation, identification, classification and nomenclature are the
processes that are basic to taxonomy 1
10 a)Systematics 1
b) Systema Naturae 1
11 There are millions of plants and animalsin the world; we know the plants and
animals in our own area by their local names. These local names would vary 2
from place to place,even within a country, hence, there is a need to
standardise the naming of living organismssuch that a particular organism is
known bythe same name all over the world. This process is called
nomenclature. The scientific names ensure that each organism has only one
name.
12 Plants collected, Plants dried, Plants pressed, and plants preserved 2
on sheets
13 Musca domestica 1
Panthera tigris 1
14 a)i)Decreasing 1
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b)i)Species 1
15 a)Key
Key is another taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals
based on the similarities and dissimilarities. Each statement in the key is
called a lead. The keys are based on the contrasting characters generally in a
pair called couplet. It represents the choice made between two opposite
options. This results in acceptance of only one and rejection of the other 1
Separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category such as
family, genus and species for identification purposes.
(Any relevant point carry one score)
b)Herbarium
Herbarium is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried,
pressed and preserved on sheets. Further, these sheets are arranged
according to a universally accepted system of classification. These specimens,
along with their descriptions on herbarium sheets, become a store house or
repository for future use . The herbarium sheets also carry a label providing 1
information about date and place of collection, English, local and botanical
names, family, collector’s name, etc. Thus Herbaria also serve as quick referral
systems in taxonomical studies. (Any relevant point carry one score)

16 Category Taxon
Phylum Arthropoda 0.5
Genus Musca 0.5
Class Insecta 0.5
Species Domestica 0.5

III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score


17 Domestica- Musca-Muscidae – diptera-Insect-arthropoda-animalia 3
(Any correct six sequence carry full score)
(Any correct four sequence carry two)
18 a)Monograph 0.5
It contains information on any one taxon.
b)Flora 0.5
It contains the actual account of habitatand distribution of plants of
a given area.These provide the index to the plant 2
c)Manual
They are useful in providing information for identification of names
of species found in an area.
19 a)Key 3
b)Animal kingdom/Kingdom

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c)Manual
20 a) Biological names are generally in Latin and written in italics. 1
b) The first word in a biological name represents the genus while the second 1
component denotes the specific epithet.
c) Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are separately 1
underlined, or printed in italics to indicate their Latin origin.

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
Animal Kingdom
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from this Chapter=9

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. Note the relationship in the first pair and then complete the second pair.
a)Osteichthyes:Cycloid scales
Chondrichthyes:…………….
b)Porifera:Asymetry
Cnideria:…………………..
2. Hemichordates have a rudimentary structure in the collar region
called.................
3. a)Identify the cell given in the diagram
b) Mention the name of animal phylum based on this cell

4. Water vascular system is the characteristic of which group of the following


a)Porifera b)Echinodermata c)Ctenophora d)Chordata
5. Pick out the wrong pairs
a)Porifera-Spicules
b)Coelenterata-Metameric segments
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c)Annelida-Nephridia
d)Arthropoda-Malpighian tubule

II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.


6. Characteristics of certain animals are given. Arrange them under the ‘Class’ to
which these animals belong..
(i)Ectoparasite on some fish
(ii) Body is covered by dry and cornified skin.
(iii)Presence of Pneumatic bones
(iv) Can live in aquatic as well as terrestrial habitat
7. Figure (A) and (B) shows the fishes of two different classes. Identify the class
and differentiate between them

8. Match the following


Column A Column B
Porifera Nephridia
Aschelminthes Pseudocoelomate
Annelida Jointed appendages
Arthropoda Water Canal system

9. Write an example for


a)Oviparous mammal
b)Limbless amphibian
c)Pseudocoelomate
d)Fresh water sponge

10. Identify the Polyp and medusa from the following figure and write any two
difference between them?

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11. .The following are organs of certain animals:


a) Parapodia
b) Flame cells
c) proboscis gland
d) Comb plate
Name the phylum bearing these organs
12. What is the difference between
a)Poikilothermous and Homiothermous
b)Metamerism and Metagenesis
13. Match the following
Phylum Excretory Organs
Platyhelminthes Malpighian tubule
Arthropoda Gills
Annelida Flame cells
Mollusca Nephridia
14. Name the animal, which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence. Mention
the phylum to which it belong
15. All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates. Evaluvate
this statement
16. Name the distinctive character (Responsible for their names) of the following
animal groups
a)Phylum Cnideria
b)Phylum Annelida
c)Phylum Arthropoda
d)Phylum Echinodermata

III. Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score

17. Find the odd one from each group. Justify your answer.
a.Star fish,Devil fish,Jelly fish,Dog fish
b.Flying fish,Angel fish,Saw fish,Fighting fish
c.Sea lilly,Sea cucumber,Sea hare,Sea Urchin
18. With the help of an example ,Differentiate between:
a. Open circulatory system and closed circulatory system
b)Acoelomate and pseduocoelomate

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19. Observe the diagram showing the characteristics of a phylum
a)Identify the Phylum
b)Name the Part labeled 'A"
c)Point out the three fundamental characters of the phylum.

20. Figures of few endoparasites are given below

a)Identify A, B and C
b)To which phylum A and B belongs
c)Write the coelom of C

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-ANIMAL KINGDOM
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 a)Placoid scales 0.5
b)Radial symetry 0.5
2 Stomochord 1
3 a)Cnidoblast 0.5
b)Cnideria 0.5
4 b)Echinodermata 1
5 b)Coelenterata-metameric segmentation 1
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 a)Class-Cyclostomata 0.5
b)Class-Reptilia 0.5
c)Class-Aves 0.5
d)Class-Amphibia 0.5
7 A-Chondrichthyes B-Class – Osteichthyes 1

0.5

0.5

(Any two difference )


8 Column A Column B
Porifera Water Canal system 0.5
Aschelminthes Pseudocoelomate 0.5
Annelida Nephridia 0.5
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Arthropoda Jointed appendages 0.5
9 a) Ornithorhynchus (Platypus); 0.5
b) Ichthyophis 0.5
c)Ascaris (Round Worm), /Wuchereria (Filaria worm),/ Ancylostoma 0.5
(Hookworm) (Any oneexample ) 0.5
d)Spongilla
10 A-Polyp B-Medusa 1
0.5
0.5

(Any two difference )


11 a)Phylum Annelida 0.5
b) Phylum Platyhelminthes 0.5
c) Phylum Hemichordata 0.5
d) Phylum Ctenophora 0.5
12 a)Poikilothermous
organism that lack the capacity to regulate their body temperature is called
pokilothermous
0.5
homoiothermous
they are organisms that are able to maintain a constant body temperature. 0.5
b)Metamerism
In some animals, the body is externally and internally divided into segments.
This pattern called metameric segmentation and the phenomenon is known 0.5
as metamerism.
Metagenesis
Cnidarians exhibit two basic body forms called polyp and medusa. 0.5
. Those cnidarians which exist in both forms exhibit alternation of generation
(Metagenesis), i.e., polyps produce medusae asexually and medusa form the
polyps sexually
13 Phylum Excretory Organs
Platyhelminthes Flame cells 0.5
Arthropoda Malpighian tubule 0.5
Annelida Nephridia 0.5
Mollusca Gills 0.5
14 Pleurobrachia /Ctenoplana (Any one example) 1
Phylum Ctenophora 1
15 Chordates include Urochordates, Cephalochordates (both are called
protochordate), and vertebrates. In vertebrates notochord is replaced by the
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vertebral column (backbone), however, the vertebral column is not present in
a protochordate. Therefore, all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates
are not vertebrates.
16 a)Phylum Cnideria; Presence of cnidoblast 0.5
b)Phylum Annelida : In Latin, annulus means: little ring. Their body
surface is distinctly marked out into segments or metameres and, 0.5
hence, the phylum name Annelida
c)Phylum Arthropoda: (arthros means-joint, poda means- 0.5
appendages).They have jointed appendages
d)Phylum Echinodermata : These animals have an endoskeleton of 0.5
calcareous ossicles and, hence, the name Echinodermata (Spiny
bodied)
III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score
17 a)Dog fish, all others are invertebrates 3
b)Saw fish, all others are coming under class Osteichthyes, saw fish
belongs to class Chondrichthyes
c)Sea hare, all others are coming under phylum
echinodermata,while sea urchin belongs to Phylum mollusca
18 aOpen circulatory sysem
Here the blood is pumped out of the heart and the cells and tissues
are directly bathed in it
Eg: Phylum Arthropoda
Phylum Mollusca 1.5
Phylum Hemichordata (Any one example)
Closed circulatory system
Here the blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying
diameters (arteries, veins and capillaries)
Eg Phylum Cnideria,
Phylum ctenophore,
Phylum Platyhelminthes,
Phylum aschelminthes (Any one example)
b)Acoelomate
Animals in which coelom is absent
Eg:Porifera, cnidaria, ctenophore, Platyhelminthes
Pseduocoelomate 1.5
In some animals, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead,
the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the
ectoderm and endoderm. Such a body cavity is called
pseudocoelom and the animals possessing them are called
pseudocoelomates,
e.g., Phylum aschelminthes (Any one example)

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19 a)Phylum Chordata 3
b)Gills slit
c) Animals belonging to phylum Chordata are
fundamentally characterised by the presence of
o A notochord,
o A dorsal hollow nerve cord and
o Paired pharyngeal gill slits
20 a)
A-Taenia (Tapeworm) 0.5
B-Fasciola (Liver fluke) 0.5
C-Ascaris (Round worm) 0.5
b) 0.5
A-Taenia (Tapeworm)-Phylum Platyhelminthes 0.5
B-Fasciola (Liver fluke)- Phylum Platyhelminthes

c)Pseudocoelomate 0.5

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION


ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
BIOMOLECULE
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=5

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. .............is the most abundant protein in animal world.


2. Identify the structure

A B

3. Proteins are polypeptides. They are linear chains of amino acids linked by
……………
a.Peptide bond b.Ester bond c.Glycosidic bond d.Phospho ester bond
4. An aminoacid under certain conditions would have both positive and negative
charges simultaneously in the same molecule. Such a form of amino acid is
called
a. Positively charged form
b. Negatively charged form
c. Neutral form
d. Zwitter ionic form
5. Find the odd one and write the reason for selection
Alkaloids, Pigments, Toxins, Lectins, Proteins

II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.


6. Arrange the following molecules under the corresponding table
(Adenine, Guanine,Cytosine,Thymine )

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Purine Pyramidine

7. The activity of an enzyme is sensitive to the presence of specific chemicals that


bind to the enzyme. When the binding of the chemical shuts off enzyme
activity, the process is called inhibition and the chemical is called an inhibitor
a) Write an account on competitive inhibiton with the help of an example
b) How this type of inhibition useful to us
8. Distinguish between Prosthetic group and coenzyme with an example for
each?
9. In your practical class, Your biology teacher conducted an experiment in 2 test
tube.
Test tube –A contains starch
Test tube-B Contains Cellulose
Test Tube-A
Experiment Observation
To the test tube A, iodine Blue clolour
solution is added

Test Tube-B
Experiment Observation
To the test tube B, iodine No blue colour
solution is added

Both starch and cellulose are polysacharide, but iodine test gives only blue
color to starch, explain ?

10. Analyze the graph showing the activity of an enzyme, influenced by


temperature

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a) What is meant by optimum temperature?
b) Why does enzyme activity declines at too low and at too high temperature?

11. Lipids are not strictly macromolecule,evaluate this statement ?


12. When substrate concentration increases, the velocity of enzymatic reaction
increases at first. After attaining a maximum velocity, it cannot be exceeded by
further addition of substrates. Why ?
13. Arrange the catalytic cycle of an enzyme action in correct order

I. The binding of the substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape, fitting
more tightly around the substrate.
II. The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, fitting into the
active site.
III. The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and the free enzyme is
ready to bind to another molecule of the substrate and run through the
catalytic cycle once again
IV. The active site of the enzyme, now in close proximity of the substrate
breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate and the new

14. a)Why proteins are called heteropolymers?


b)Identify the proteins from the given list of biomacro molecule and write its
(Proteins )functions
(Cellulose,starch,antibody, inulin)
c) Identify the type of protein structure of A and B

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15. Answer the following


a)The heterocyclic compounds in nucleic acids are the ………..
b)Sugar present in DNA is……………
c)Name the three components that make a nucleotide.

16. Match the following


Column A Column B
Alkaloids Lemon grass oil
Drugs Codeine
Pigments Anthocyanin
Essential oil Curcumin

III. Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score


17. Non protein constituent called cofactor are bound to the enzyme to make the
enzyme catalyticall activity
a.Name the protein portion of the enzyme
b.What happens to the catalytic activity when the cofactor is removed from the
enzyme?
c…………. is a cofactor for the proteolytic enzyme carboxypeptidase.
i)Zn ii)Cu I ii)Mg iv)Ca
18. Enzymes are biological catalyst.All enzymes are proteins.
a)Write an example for nucleic acid enzyme
b)Substrate binding site of an enzyme is called……….
c)How enzymes increases the rate of reaction

19. Match the following


Column A Column B
Hydrolase catalyse oxidoreduction
Lyase transfer of a group,
Ligase catalysing hydrolysis of ester, ether, peptide, glycosidic, C-C, C-
halide or P-N bonds
Transferase catalysing inter-conversion of optical, geometric or positional
isomers.
Isomerase catalysing the linking together of 2 compounds
Oxido catalyse removal of groups from substrates by mechanisms
reductase other than hydrolysis leaving double bonds

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20. Enzymes are biocatalyst which regulate various biochemical reaction Illustrate
the following reaction

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-BIOMOLECULE
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 Collagen 1
2 A-Glycine 0.5
B-Glycerol 0.5
3 a-Peptide bond 1
4 d. Zwitter ionic form 1
5 Proteins,all others are secondary metabolites. Proteins are primary 1
metabolites
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 Purine Pyramidine 0.5
 Adenine  Thyamine 0.5
 Guanine  Cytosine 0.5
0.5
7 a) In competitive inhibition, inhibitor closely resembles the substrate in its 1
molecular structure and inhibits the activity of the enzyme, it is known as
competitive inhibitor. Due to its close structural similarity with the
substrate, the nhibitor competes with the substrate for the substrate
binding site of the enzyme (Active site). Consequently, the substrate 0.5
cannot bind and as a result, the enzyme action declines,
Eg.Inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by malonate which closely 0.5
resembles the substrate succinate in structure.
b) Such competitive inhibitors are often used in the control of bacterial
pathogens.
8 a)Prosthetic groups:
They are organic compounds and are tightly bound to the apoenzyme. 0.5
Example: in peroxidase and catalase, haem is the prosthetic group 0.5
b)Co-enzymes :
They are also organic compounds but their association with the apoenzyme is
only transient, usually occurring during the course of catalysis., 0.5
Example : coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NADP 0.5
9 Starch forms helical secondary structures. Starch can hold I2 molecules in the 2
helical portion. The starch-I2 is blue in colour. Cellulose does not contain
complex helices and hence cannot hold I2.
10 a) Each enzyme shows its highest activity at a particular temperature called 1
the optimum temperature
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b) Enzyme ctivity declines both below and above the optimum value. Low 1
temperature preserves the enzyme in a temporarily inactive state whereas
high temperature destroys enzymatic activity because proteins are denatured
by heat.
11 The molecular weights of lipids do not exceed 800 Da, come under acid
insoluble fraction. Because Cell membrane and other membranes are broken
into pieces during the experiment , and form vesicles which are not water 2
soluble. Therefore, these membrane ragments in the form of vesicles get
separate along with the acid insoluble pool and hence In the macromolecular
fraction. Therefore lipid are not strictly macromolecule.
12 This is because the enzyme molecules are fewer than the substrate molecules
and after saturation of these molecules, there are no free enzyme molecules 2
to bind with the additional substrate molecules
13 1. The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, fitting into the active 0.5
site.
2. The binding of the substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape, fitting 0.5
more tightly around the substrate.
3. The active site of the enzyme, now in close proximity of the substrate 0.5
breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate and the new enzyme product
complex is formed.
4. The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and the free enzyme is 0.5
ready to bind to another molecule of the substrate and run through the
catalytic cycle once again
14 a) Proteins are formed of number of different kinds amino acids and hence 0.5
proteins are called heteropolymers.
b) Antibody-Fight against infectious agent 0.5
c) A-Secondary structure of protein 0.5
B-Tertiary structure of protein 0.5
15 a)Nitrogen base 0.5
b)Deoxy ribose 0.5
c)Sugar,Nitrogen base,Phosphate/Phosphoric acid 0.5
0.5
16 Column A Column B
Alkaloids Codeine 0.5
Drugs Curcumin 0.5
Pigments Anthocyanin 0.5
Essential oil Lemon grass oil 0.5

III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score


17 a)Apo enzyme 1
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b) Catalytic activity is lost when the co-factor is removed from the 1
enzyme
c)i)Zn 1
18 a)Ribozyme 1
b)Active site 1
c)Enzymes lowers the activation energy and increase the rate of 1
reaction
19 Column A Column B
Hydrolase catalysing hydrolysis of ester, ether, peptide, 0.5
glycosidic, C-C, C-halide or P-N bonds
Lyase catalyse removal of groups from substrates by 0.5
mechanisms other than hydrolysis leaving
double bonds
Ligase catalysing the linking together of 2 compounds 0.5
Transferase transfer of a group,. 0.5
Isomerase catalysing inter-conversion of optical, geometric 0.5
or positional isomers
Oxido catalyse oxidoreduction 0.5
reductase

20

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION


ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=3

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. ................is called sound box/voice box in human


2. The exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs takes place by………………..
3. CO2 dissociates from carbamino haemoglobin when
a. pCO2 is high & pO2 is low b. pO2 is high and pCO2 is low
c. pCO2 and pO2 are equal d. None of the above
4. Name the enzyme ‘A’ denotes in the given equation ?

5. Find the odd one and write the reason for selection
Asthma, Renal calculi,Emphysema, Occupational Respiratory disorder
II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6. Explain the process of inspiration under normal conditions.
7. Arrange the following steps in respiration in correct order starting from ‘V’
I. Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues.
II. Utilisation of O2 by the cells for catabolic reactions and resultant release
of CO2
III. Diffusion of gases (O2 and CO2) across alveolar membrane.
IV. Transport of gases by the blood.
V. Breathing or pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in
and CO2 rich alveolar air is released out.

8. Human beings have a significant ability to maintain and moderate the


respiratory rhythm to suit the demands of the body tissues
a)Name the specialised centre present in the medulla region ,which is primarily
responsible for above mentioned regulation
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b)Which is the red coloured iron containing pigment present in the RBCs .
c) About 97 per cent of O2 is transported by RBCs in the blood. Then how the
remaining 3 per cent of O2 is carried ?
d)Find the odd one and write the reason for selection

Tidal volume, Inspiratory capacity,


Inspiratory reserve volume Residual volume

9. What is Tidal volume? Find out the Tidal volume (approximate value) for a
healthy human in an hour
10. Differentiate between
a)Residual volume and Functional residual capacity
b)Inspiratory reserve volume and Expiratory reserve volume
11. a)Identify the graph ?

b)What is the normal shape of this graph?


c)At which pO2, 30% of Hb saturated with oxygen ?
d)What is the significance of this graph ?

12. Name any two muscles involved in respiration


13. Diagram shows a section of an alveolus with a pulmonary capillary. Observe
the diagram and answer the following question

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a)Name the part ‘A’, it is located between thin squamous epithelium of alveoli,
the endothelium of alveolar capillaries
b)……………………….. part act as the common passage for food and air
c) . How the entry of food into larynx is prevented during swallowing of food

14. Fill the blanks using the words from brackets


(Trachea, Pharynx, Alveolus, Bronchioles)

External Nostril Nasal Passage Nasal Chamber A

Secondary Primary Bronchi B Larynx


bronchi

Tertiary Bronchi C Terminal bronchiole D

15. Match the following,


Column A Column B
Earth worms Gills
Aquatic arthropods Tracheal tubule
Birds Lungs
Insects Moist cuticle

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16. Read the following statement regarding human respiration. Find the wrong
statement and rewrite in correct way
i) On an average, a healthy human breathes 12-16 times/minute.
ii) The volume of air involved in breathing movements can be estimated by
using a stethoscope
iii) The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced
expiration is called vital capacity
iv) Each haemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of six molecules of O2

III. Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score

17. The part of Human respiratory system starting with the external nostrils up to
the terminal bronchioles constitute the conducting part. Write three functions
of conducting part
18. Figure given below shows the mechanism of breathing

a)Name the process A and B


b) List the major factors affecting the formation oxyhaemoglobin
19. What are the major transport mechanisms for O2 ? Explain
20. Lungs are vital organs helps in respiration in higher organisms including
human being. How our lungs are protected within the thoracic chamber

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GAS
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 Larynx 1
2 Simple diffusion 1
3 b. pO2 is high and pCO2 is low 1
4 Carbonic anhydrase 1
5 Renal Calculi,all others are disorders of respiratory system.Renal 1
Calculi is associated with disorder of excretory system
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 Inspiration is initiated by the contraction of diaphragm which increases the 2
volume of thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis. The contraction of
external inter-costal muscles lifts up the ribs and the sternum causing an
increase in the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis. The
overall increase in the thoracic volume causes a similar increase in pulmonary
volume. An increase in pulmonary volume decreases the intra-pulmonary
pressure to less than the atmospheric pressure which forces the air from
outside to move into the lungs, i.e., inspiration.
7 (i) Breathing or pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in
and CO2 rich alveolar air is released out.
(ii) Diffusion of gases (O2 and CO2) across alveolar membrane. 0.5
(iii) Transport of gases by the blood. 0.5
(iv) Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues. 0.5
(v) Utilisation of O2 by the cells for catabolic reactions and resultant release of 0.5
CO2
8 a)Respiratory Rhythm centre 0.5
b)Haemoglobin 0.5
c)Through plasma in dissolved state 0.5
d) Inspiratory capacity,all others are respiratory volume.Ispiratory capacity 0.5
belongs to respiratory capacity
9 Volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration is called tidal 1
volume.
Tidal volume is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal 1
respiration. It is about 6000 to 8000 mL of air per minute.
The hourly tidal volume for a healthy human can be calculated as:
Tidal volume = 6000 to 8000 mL/minute
Tidal volume in an hour = 6000 to 8000 mL × (60 min)

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= 3.6 × 105 mL to 4.8 × 105 mL
Therefore, the hourly tidal volume for a healthy human is approximately 3.6
× 105 mL to 4.8 × 105 mL.

10 a)Residual volume
Volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration.
0.5
Functional residual capacity
Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after
a normal expiration. FRC=ERV+RV. 0.5
b)Inspiratory reserve volume
Additional volume of air, a person can inspire by a forcible
0.5
inspiration.

Expiratory reserve volume


Additional volume of air, a person can expire by a forcible
expiration. 0.5

11 a)Oxygen dissociation curve 0.5


b)Sigmoid curve 0.5
c))20mmHg 0.5
c)This is highly useful in studying the effect of factors like pCO2, H+ 0.5
concentration, etc., on binding of O2 with haemoglobin.
12 Diaphragm,intercostals muscle (Extenal/internal) 1+1
13 a)Basement susbstance 0.5
b)Pharynx 0.5
c) During swallowing glottis can be covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap
called epiglottis to prevent the entry of food into the larynx. 1
14 A-Pharynx 0.5
B-Trachea 0.5
C-Bronchioles 0.5
D-Alveolus 0.5
15 Column A Column B 0.5
Earth worms Moist cuticle 0.5
Aquatic arthropods Gills 0.5
Birds Lungs 0.5
Insects Tracheal tubule
16 iv) Each haemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of four 1
molecules of O2
ii) The volume of air involved in breathing movements can be 1
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estimated by using a spirometer
III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score
17 1.Transports the atmospheric air to the alveoli 1
2. Clears it from foreign particles 1
3. Humidification of the air
4. Brings the air to body temperature (Any three function) 1
18 a)
A-Inspiration B-Expiration 1+1
b)High PO2,Low PCo2,Low Temperature, Low H+ 1
19 About 97 per cent of O2 is transported by RBCs in the blood. The remaining 3
per cent of O2 is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. In the
alveoli, there is high pO2, low pCO2, lesser H+ concentration and lower
temperature, the factors are all favourable for the formation of 3
oxyhaemoglobin. In the tissues, low pO2, high pCO2 , hig H+ concentration
and higher temperature exist, this conditions are favourable for dissociation
of oxygen from the oxyhaemoglobin.
20 Lungs are covered by a double layered pleura, with pleural fluid between
them. It reduces friction on the lung-surface.The thoracic chamber is formed 3
dorsally by the vertebral column, ventrally by the sternum, laterally by the
ribs and on the lower side by the dome-shaped diaphragm

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION


ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=5

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. The sequential events in the heart which are cyclically repeated are
called………………….
2. A person with blood group ‘A’ has
a)Antigen A and antibody b b)Antigen B and antibody a
c)Both Antibodies
d)No antigen and antibody
3. Note the relationship in the first pair and then complete the second pair.
a) Erythrocyte : Transport of respiratory gases
Thrombocyte:………………………
b) Universal donor: Blood group O
Universal recipient:…………
4. The condition erythroblastosis foetalis can be avoided by administering ...........
to the mother immediately after the delivery of the first child
5. Find the odd one and write the reason for selection
Basophil, Lymphocytes ,Eosinophil, Neutrophil

II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.


6. State the functions of the following plasma proteins in blood
a.Fibrinogen b.Globulin
7. Complete the missing word in the statement given below:
a)Plasma without............ factors is called serum.
b)...................... and monocytes are phagocytic cells.
c)Eosinophils are associated with...........reactions.
d) .............. ions play a significant role in clotting.

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8. Flow chart of blood clotting process is given below

a)Label A,B( Enzyme )and C (ion)


b)Name the formed element in the blood which helps in blood coagulation.

9. Match the following


Column A Column B
a)Superior venacava i)It carry oxygenated blood to body parts
b)Pulmonary vein ii)It carry deoxygenated blood from body parts to
right atrium
c)Aorta iii)It carry deoxygenated blood to lungs
d)Pulmonary artery iv)It carry oxygenated blood from lung

10. A person is admitted in cardiac hospital due to fainting. The doctor immediate
checked his ECG. After a few minutes the ECG shows pip..pip..pip..peeeee
sound
a)What it indicate?
b)Expand ECG and what is its function?

11. A unique vascular connection exists between the digestive tract and liver

a) What kind of portal system is this?


b) Write the name of the blood vessel which carry Blood from intestine to liver?
12. Dr. Rahul examined BP of a patient and recorded his BP as 160/95 mm Hg.
a)What the condition he is suffering from?
b)What is normal BP?
c)which instrument is used to detect blood pressure?
d)How this condition affect the patient
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13. Define
a)Stroke volume
b)Cardiac output
14. (a)Make a flowchart showing cardiac impulse conduction using appropriate
terms given in bracket.
[SAN, Right atrium, AVN, AV Bundle, Bundle of His, Ventricle]
(b)Which part known as pacemaker?
15. Write the differences between :
(a) Blood and Lymph
(b) Open and Closed system of circulation
16. Diagrammatic representation of a standard ECG is given below. Each peak in
the ECG is identified with a letter from P to T that corresponds to a specific
electrical activity of the heart.

a) Explain the different segment, P,QRS and T in it


b) SA node has the key role in the rhythamic activity of human heart. Give
reason
III. Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score
17. During each cardiac cycle Heart produce two prominent sounds
a)Name the two sounds
b)How this sounds are produced
c)What is the significance of this sound.
18. Name the components of the formed elements in the blood and mention one
major function of each of them
19. Table shows Blood Groups and Donor Compatibility, fill the space I, ii, iii, iv, v,
and vi

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20. Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among the vertebrates.
(Hint :Circulatory system of fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles and mammals )

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 Cardiac cycle 1
2 a)Antigen A and antibody b 1
3 a)coagulation or clotting of blood. 1
b)Blood group AB
4 anti-Rh antibodies 1
5 Lymphocytes,all others are granulocytes . Lymphocytes belongs to 1
agranulocytes
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 a.Fibrinogen : involved in clotting or coagulation of blood 1
b.Globulin : involved in defense mechanisms of the body 1
7 a)Serum 0.5
b)Neurtophils 0.5
c)Allergic 0.5
d)Calcium 0.5
8 a)A-Fibrin 0.5
B-Thrombokinase 0.5
C-Calcium ion 0.5
b)Platelets 0.5
9 Column A Column B
a)Superior venacava ii)It carry deoxygenated blood from body 0.5
parts to right atrium
b)Pulmonary vein iv)It carry oxygenated blood from lung 0.5
c)Aorta i)It carry oxygenated blood to body parts 0.5
d)Pulmonary artery iii)It carry deoxygenated blood to lungs 0.5
10 a) patient goes into cardiac arrest 0.5
Electrocardiograph (ECG),
It is a machine (electro-cardiograph) used to obtain an 1.5
electrocardiogram (ECG). ECG is a graphical representation of the
electrical activity of the heart during a cardiac cycle
11 a)Hepatic portal system 1
b)Hepatic portal vein 1
12 a)Hyper tension 0.5
b)120/80 mmHg 0.5
c) Sphygmomanometer 0.5

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d)High blood pressure leads to heart diseases and also affects vital organs like 0.5
brain and kidney
13 a)Stroke volume : Volume of blood pumps out by each ventricle 1
during a cardiac cycle is called stroke volume

b)Cardiac output : The volume of blood pumped out by each 1


ventricle per minute

14 a)SAN -Right atrium AVN,AV Bundle, Bundle of HisVentricle 1


b)SAN (Sino-atrial node) 1
15 a) (Any two difference )

b) Open circulatory system


It is present in arthropods, hemichordates and molluscs Here blood pumped q
by the heart passes through large vessels into open spaces or body cavities
called sinuses.

Closed circulatory system


Annelids and chordates have a closed circulatory system in which the blood
pumped by the heart is always circulated through a closed network of blood
vessels.
16 a) The P-wave : It represents the electrical excitation (or 0.5
depolarisation) of the atria, which leads to the contraction of both
the atria.
• The QRS complex : It represents the depolarisation of the 0.5
ventricles which initiates the ventricular contraction.
• The T-wave It represents the return of the ventricles from excited 0.5
to normal state (repolarisation).

b) The SAN can generate the maximum number of action potentials


0.5
intrinsically, i.e.,70-75 min–1, and is responsible for initiating and
maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of the heart. Therefore,
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it is called the pacemaker.
III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score
17 a)Lub and dub 1
b) The first heart sound (lub) is associated with the closure of the tricuspid and 1
bicuspid valves (It occurs during ventricular systole ). The second heart sound
(dub) is associated with the closure of the semilunar valves 1
c)These sounds are of clinical diagnostic significance.

18  RBC/Red Blood cells/Erythro cytes-Transport oxygen and Co2 1


 Neutrophils –It is involved in phagocytic reactions
 basophils –It secrete histamine, serotonin, heparin, etc., and are
involved in inflammatory reactions.
 Eosinophils –It resist infections and are also associated with allergic 1
reactions.
 monocytes –they are phagocytic cells which destroy foreign organisms
entering the body
 Lymphocytes-They are responsible for immune responses of the body 1
 Platelets (Thrombocytes)- They are involved in the coagulation or
clotting of blood. (Any 3)
19
i)Anti-B 0.5
II)B 0.5
III)B 0.5
IV)A,B,AB and O 0.5
v)O 0.5
VI)Nil 0.5

20 a)FIishes
▪Fishes have a 2-chambered heart with an atrium and a ventricle.
▪ In fishes the heart pumps out deoxygenated blood which is oxygenated 1
by the gills and supplied to the body parts from where deoxygenated blood is
returned to the heart (single circulation).

b)Amphibians and reptiles


▪ Amphibians and the reptiles (except crocodiles) have a 3-chambered heart
with two atria and a single ventricle In amphibians and reptiles, the left 1
atrium receives oxygenated blood from the gills/lungs/skin and the right
atrium gets the deoxygenated blood from other body parts. However, they
get mixed up in the single ventricle which pumps out mixed blood (incomplete
double circulation).
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c) Birds, mammals
crocodiles, birds and mammals possess a 4-chambered heart with two atria
and two ventricles. In birds and mammals, oxygenated and deoxygenated 1
blood received by the left and right atria respectively passes on to the
ventricles of the same sides. The ventricles pump it out without any mixing
up, i.e., two separate circulator pathways are present in these organisms,
hence, these animals have double circulation.

(Explain the concept of circulation in these organism in short words carry full
score )

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION


ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=3
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as


a.Renal Calculi b.Glomerulo nephritis
c.Uremia d.Ketonuria
2. Write any two major forms of nitrogenous wastes excreted by the animals.
3. …………….is the functional unit of kidney
4. ................... is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the
distal convoluted tubule and the afferent arteriole at the location of their contact
5. Filtration of the blood takes place at
a.PCT b.DCT c.Collecting ducts d.Malpighian body
II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6. Match the following
Column A Column B
A.Glycosurea i)Accumulation of uric acid in joints
B.Renal calculi ii.Inflammation in glomeruli
C.Glomerular nephritis iii.Mass of crystallized salts within the kidney
D.Gout v.presence of glucose in urine

7. What is the advantage of uricotelic mode of excretion in organism? Write any


one example an organism showing uricotelism?
8. Write any two difference between cortical nephron and Juxta medullary
nephron.
9. Tubular secretion is also an important step in urine formation, Explain
10. The output of urine increase in cold days while decreased in hot and sunny
days. Can you give the reason for this phenomenon as realized from the graph
given below?

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11. Regulation of kidney function by Renin angiotensin mechanism is given below.


Complete the flow chart by filling A,B,C and D

12. In a biology class related to excretion in the human body, a student gave an
opinion that in everyminute about 2% of total blood volume is converted into
GFR whereas only 1% of GFR is eliminated as urine. Evaluate this opinion and
substantiate your answer
13. Whatis
a)Columns of Bertini b)Renal corpuscle

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14. .A diagrammatic representation of nephron is given below

a)Identify the part labeled as ‘X’ and ‘Y’


b)which part/parts of a nephron constitute malpighian body?
15. Mechanism of micturition is given below. Arrange the process in correct
sequence
a)Urine formed by the nephrons is ultimately carried to the urinary bladder
b)The CNS passes on motor messages to initiate the contraction of smooth
muscles of the bladder and simultaneous relaxation of the urethral sphincter
c)stretching of the urinary bladder as it gets filled with urine.
d)stretch receptors on the walls of the bladder send signals to the CNS
e)Release of urine.
16. Observe the given diagram of malpighian body (Renal corpuscle)and answer
the following

a)Identify the parts ‘A’ , ‘B’ and ‘C’.


b)Specify the functions of Proximal convoluted tubule in urine formation?

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Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score
17. a)Define GFR
b) Describe the role of liver, lungs and skin in excretion.
18. Name the following:
(a) A chordate animal having flame cells as excretory structures
b) ionic and fluid volume regulation,
(c) A loop of capillary running parallel to the Henle’s loop
19. Lab report of a patient shows glycosuria and ketonuria
a)What you meant by glycosuria and ketonuria
b) The above two condition indicate.............disease
c) Presence of Stone or insoluble mass of crystallized salts (oxalates, etc.)
formed within the kidney is called
20. Match the following
Column A Column B
A.Proximal convoluted tubule Formation of concenterated urine
B.Distal convoluted tubule Filtration of blood
C.Henle’sloop Reabsorption of 70-80%of electrolytes
D. Counter-current mechanism Ionic balance
E.Renal corpuscle maintenance of concentration gradient
in medulla
F-ADH Reabsorption of water

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 c)Uremia 1
2 Ammonia,Urea,Uric acid (Any two) 0.5+0.5
3 Nephrones 1
4 juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA) 1
5 d.Malpighian body 1
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 Column A Column B
A.Glycosurea v.presence of glucose in urine 0.5
B.Renal calculi iii.Mass of crystallized salts within the 0.5
kidney 0.5
C.Glomerular nephritis ii.Inflammation in glomeruli 0.5
D.Gout i)Accumulation of uric acid in joints
7 Uricotelic animals excrete uric acid in the form of pellet or paste 1
with a minimum loss of water, hence conserving water 1
Eg. Birds,Insects,Reptiles,Land snails (Any one Example )
8 Cortical nephrons Juxtamedullary nephron
majority of nephrons are cortical Juxta medullary nephrones are less
nephrones in number
Here the loop of Henle is too short Here the loop of Henle is very long
and extends only very little into the and runs deep into the medulla 1
medulla
Vasa recta is absent or highly Vasa recta is present
reduced in cortical nephrones 1
(Any two difference )
9 Tubular secretion is also an important step in urine formation as it helps in
the maintenance of ionic and acid base balance of body fluids. During urine 2
formation, the tubular cells secrete substances like H+, K+ and ammonia into
the filtrate
10 In sunny days there is an excessive loss of fluid from the body
(dehydration ),it can activate osmoreceptor .Which stimulate the
hypothalamus to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or
vasopressin from the neurohypophysis. ADH facilitates water 1
reabsorption from latter parts of the tubule, thereby preventing
diuresis ,so the out put of urine decreased

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Where as in cold days there is no dehydration so the ADH
secretion will be low ,so the urine out will be high. 1

Ie: Volume of Urine α1 / ADH


11 A-Renin 0.5
B-Angiotensin-II 0.5
C-Aldosterone 0.5
D-Water and Na+ 0.5
12 On an average, 1100-1200 ml of blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute
which constitute roughly 1/5th of the blood pumped out by each ventricle
of the heart in a minute. The amount of the filtrate formed by the kidneys
per minute is called glomerular filtration rate (GFR). GFR in a healthy 2
individual is approximately 125 ml/minute, i.e., 180 litres per day . A
normal human being will not excrete such an amount of urine. He will
excrete 1.5l/day, it shows the 99% of glomerular filtrate is re absorbed.

13 a)Columns of Bertini 1
The Renal cortex extends in between the medullary pyramids
as renal columns called Columns of Bertini
1
b)Renal corpuscle
Glomerulus alongwith Bowman’s capsule, is called the
malpighian body or renal corpuscle

14 a) X- Bowman’s capsule 0.5


Y- Glomerulus 0.5
b)Henels Loop 1
15 a)Urine formed by the nephrons is ultimately carried to the urinary 0.5
bladder 0.5
c)stretching of the urinary bladder as it gets filled with urine 0.5
d)stretch receptors on the walls of the bladder send signals to the 0.5
CNS
b)The CNS passes on motor messages to initiate the contraction
of smooth muscles of the bladder and simultaneous relaxation of
the urethral sphincter..
e)Release of urine

16 a)A-Afferent arteriole 0.5


B-Efferent arteriole 0.5
C=Glomerulus 0.5
b) Nearly all of the essential nutrients, and 70-80 % of electrolytes 0.5
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and water are reabsorbed by this segment

III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score


17 a) The amount of the filtrate formed by the kidneys per minute is called 1
glomerular filtration rate (GFR). GFR in a healthy individual is
approximately 125 ml/minute, i.e., 180 litres per day
b) a)Lungs
Lungs remove large amounts of CO2 (200ml /minutes) and also 0.5
significant quantities of water every day.
Liver :
Liver secretes bile-containing substances like bilirubin, biliverdin, 0.5
cholesterol, degraded steroid hormones, vitamins and drugs. Most of
these substances ultimately pass out alongwith digestive wastes
c)Glands in the skin:
i)sweat gland:
The sweat gland in the skin can eliminate certain substances through 0.5
their secretions., it helps in the removal of containing NaCl, small
amounts of urea, lactic acid
ii)sebaceous glands:
Sebaceous glands eliminate certain substances like sterols, hydrocarbons 0.5
and waxes through sebum.
18 a) cephalochordate – Amphioxus 1
b) Osmoregulation 1
c) Vasa recta 1
19 a) Glycosuria : Presence of glucose in urine 0.5
Ketonuria Presence of ketone bodies in urine) 0.5
b) Diabetes mellitus 1
c)Renal calculi 1
20 Column A Column B
A.Proximal convoluted tubule Reabsorption of 70-80%of
electrolytes 0.5
B.Distal convoluted tubule Ionic balance 0.5
C.Henle’sloop maintenance of concentration 0.5
gradient in medulla 0.5
D.Counter-current mechanism Formation of concenterated 0.5
urine 0.5
E.Renal corpuscle Filtration of blood
F-ADH Reabsorption of water

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION


ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=2
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. Name the portion of the myofibril between two successive Z-lines.


(a) H-zone (b) Sarcomere (c) I-band (d) M-line
2. Which ion is responsible for muscle contraction? Where it is stored ?
3. Write any 2 contractile protein involved in muscle contraction ?
4. ATPase site of the muscle is located in
a. Actin b. Troponin
c. Myosin d. Actin
5. The junction between a motor neuron and the sarcolemma of the muscle fibre is
called.........................
II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6. Select the WRONG statement regarding muscles from those given below and
correct it.
a) Each muscle fibre is lined by the plasma membrane called sarcosome.
b) The light bands are called 'A' band or Anisotropic band
c) The Portion of the myofibril between two successive 'Z' lines is called a
sarcomere
d) Muscle contains a red coloured oxygen storing pigement called myoglobin
7. Match the following
Column A Column B
Cervical vertebrae 5 in number
Thoracic verterbrae 1 fused
Lumbar vertebrae 7 in number
Sacral vertebrae 12 in number
8. a)Label A.B and C

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b)To which complex protein calcium ions are attached during muscle contraction

9. An Athlet met an accident on the ground. His thigh bone slipped off from the
girdle.
a) Write the name of the above mentioned girdle ?
b) Identify the type of joint that slipped off?
c) Name the disorder caused due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals in
such a joint?

10. Observe the flow chart

a)Name the mechanism shown in the figure


b)What is the role of calcium ion in muscle contraction
11. Diagram shows the human rib cage

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a) Label the bones A,B,C and D
b) Why ribs are called bicephalic

12. Name the type of joint between the following:-


(a) atlas and axis (b) carpal and metacarpal of thumb
(c) between cranial bones (d) femur and acetabulum
13. The name of different bones, seen in forelimb and hind limb are given below.
Arrange them in two columns.
(Humerus,Tarsal,carpal,fibia )
14. Cells of the human body exhibit three main types of movements, namely,
amoeboid, ciliary and muscular
a)Name the cell/s in human body which shows these movement ?
b)Name ‘U’ shaped bone present at the base of buccal cavity
15. Write any three functions of vertebral column
16. Write the difference between :
(a) Actin and Myosin
(b) Red and White muscles
Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score
17. Classify the disorders under two categories

Tetany, Arthritis, Myasthenia gravis,


Muscular dystrophy , Osteoporosis, Gout

Disorders of muscular system Disorders of skeletal system

18. Muscles have been classified using different criteria, namely location,
appearance and nature of regulation of their activities.:
a) Based on the location, three types of muscles are identified Name them?
b)Which muscles are striated ,branched and involuntary in function
c)Muscles of visceral organs are called……..
.
19. Observe the structural representation of the muscles given below :
a)Which among these represent contracted state?
b) Name the part labeled as A,B and C
c)Which band remains unchanged during muscle contraction
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d)Which is the functional unit of contraction

20. a)Complete the division of human skeletal system by- filling the blanks A,B,C,
and D

b) Note the relation between first pair and answer fill the second pair
i)Glenoid cavity :Pectoral Girdle
....................... : Pelvic girlde
ii) Mitochonria : sarcosome
Endoplasmic reticulum :...............

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NAVAS CHEEMADAN
HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 b)Sarcomere 1
2 Calcium ion,Sarcoplasmic reticulum 0.5+0.5
3 Actin ,myosin 1
4 c)Myosin 1
5 Neuromuscular junction/Motor end plate 1
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 a) Each muscle fibre is lined by the plasma membrane called 1
sarcolemma 1
b) The light bands are called 'I' band or Isotropic band

7 Column A Column B
Cervical vertebrae 7 in number 0.5
Thoracic verterbrae 12 in number 0.5
Lumbar vertebrae 5 in number 0.5
Sacral vertebrae 1 fused 0.5
8 a)A-Troponin 0.5
B-Tropomyosin 0.5
C-F actin 0.5
b)Troponin 0.5
9 a)Pelvic girdle 1
b)Ball and Socket joint 1
c)Gout 1
10 a)Muscle contraction 1
b) Calcium ion bind with a subunit of troponin on actin filaments and 1
thereby remove the masking of active sites for myosin.
11 a)
a-True ribs 0.5
b-Vertebro chondral ribs/False ribs 0.5
c-Floating ribs
d-Sternum 0.5
b)Ribs has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end and is hence called 0.5
bicephalic
12 a)Pivot joint 0.5
b)Saddle joint 0.5
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c)Fibrous joint 0.5
d)Ball and socket joint 0.5
13 Forelimb Hind limb
Humerus Tarsal 0.5+0.5
Carpals tibia 0.5+0.5
14 a)Amoeboid movement : macrophages and leucocytes in blood exhibit 0.5
amoeboid movement
Ciliary movement : It occurs in most of our internal tubular organs which 0.5
are lined by ciliated epithelium
Muscular movement : Movement of our limbs, jaws, tongue, etc, require 0.5
muscular movement
b)Hyoid bone 0.5
15 i)The vertebral column protects the spinal cord,
ii)It supports the head 1+1
iii)It serves as the point of attachment for the ribs and musculature of the
back (any two functions )
16 a)
Actin Myosin
Thin filament Thick filament 0.5
Monomeric unit is G actin Monomeric unit is meromyosin 0.5
It is present in ‘I’ band It is present in ‘A’ band
(Any two difference )

b) (Any two difference )


0.5
0.5

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III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score
17 Disorders of muscular system Disorders of skeletal system
Myasthenia gravis Arthritis 0.5×6=3
Muscular dystrophy Osteoporosis,
Tetany Gout

18 a)Skeletal muscle/Striated muscle 0.5


Smooth muslce/Non striated muscle 0.5
Cardiac muslce 0.5
b)Cardiac muscle 1
c)Smooth muslce 1
19 a) Figure II 0.5
b) A-Z LINE o.5
B-H Zone 0.5
C-Myosin 0.5
c)A band 0.5
d) sarcomere o.5
20 a) 0.5
A-Appendicular skeleton 0.5
B-Skull /Sternum 0.5
C-Sternum/Skull 0.5
D-Pelvic girdle

b) 0.5
i)Acetabulum 0.5
ii)Sarco plasmic reticulum

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NAVAS CHEEMADAN
HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-Neural control and coordination
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 a)Neuron 0.5
b)Schwann cell 0.5
2 Nissl’s granule 1
3 Corpus callosum 1
4 cerebrum 1
5 Thalamus, all others are part of Hind brain.Thalamus belongs to 1
fore brain
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 A-Mid brain 0.5
B-Cerebrum 0.5
C-Cerebellum 0.5
D-Medulla 0.5
7
The resting membrane potential results from the following 2
factors
a)The membrane of the resting neuron is poorly permeable to 1
Na+ and has higher permeable for K+ ions
b)presence of an active Na+-K+ pump In the membrane of the
resting neuron, which actively carries out more Na+ and has 1
higher permeability for K+ions (3Na+ for 2K+)
8 a)Cerebellum 1
b)Pons 1
9 a)Afferent fibre : It transmit impulses from tissues/organs to 1
the CNS
b)Efferent fibre : It transmits regulatory impulses from the CNS 1
to the concerned peripheral tissues/organs.

10 Electrical synapse Chemical synapse


Here the membranes of pre- The membranes of the pre-
and post-synaptic neurons and post-synaptic neurons 1
are in very close proximity. are separated by a fluid-filled
space called synaptic cleft.
Electrical current can flow Chemicals called 1
directly from one neurotransmitters are
neuron into the other across involved in the transmission
these synapses. of impulses at these
synapses.
Impulse transmission across Impulse transmission across
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an electrical synapse is chemical synapse is always
always faster than that across Slower than that across a
a chemical synapse. electricall synapse.
Electrical synapses are rare Chemical synapse is common
in our system. in our system
(Any two difference)
11 Visceral nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous
system that comprises the whole complex of nerves, fibres,
ganglia, and plexuses by which impulses travel from the central 2
nervous system to the viscera and from the viscera to the
central nervous system
12 a)Hypothalamus 1
bAssociation are are responsible for complex functions like 1
intersensory associations, memory and communication. 1
c)Thalamus
13 A-Synaptic vesicles 0.5
B-Synaptic cleft 0.5
C-Receptor 0.5
D-Neuro transmitter 0.5
14 A-Bipolar neuron 0.5
B-Embryonic stage 0.5
C-Cerebral cortex 0.5
D- Autonomous and the somatic neural systems. 0.5
15 a)The autonomic neural system is classified into sympathetic 1
neural system and parasympathetic neural system.
b) Three major regions make up the brain stem; mid brain, pons 1
and medulla oblongata. Brain stem forms the connections
between the brain and spinal cord
16 a)Cell body,Dendrite and Axon 2
b)Axon

III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score


17 The human brain is well protected by the skull. Inside the skull,
the brain is covered by cranial meninges consisting of 3 Layers 0.5×6=3
a)Dura mater-It is the Outer Layer
b)Arachnoid- It is a very thin middle layer
c)Pia mater- It is an inner layer (which is in contact with the
brain tissue).
18 A-Dendrite 0.5
B-Cell body 0.5

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C-Nucleus 0.5
D-Schwann cell 0.5
E-Node of Ranvier 0.5
F-Synaptic Knob 0.5
19 a)Network of neurons 1
b)Brain 1
c)Synapse 1
20 a)Maintenance of resting membrane potential 1
b) Initiation of action potential 1
c) Propagation of action potential 1

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=5
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. Name the following


a)Structural and functional unit of neural system
b)Which cells forms myelin sheath around axon
2. Granular bodies present in the cytoplasm of cell body is called……..
3. The right and left cerebral hemispheres are connected by a tract of nerve fibre
called………
4. ……..is the part of brain dealing with seat of mind and intelligence
5. Find the odd one and write the reason for selection
Pons,Cerebellum,Thamalus,Medulla
Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6. Complete the classfication table

7. How resting membrane potential is maintained in a neuron?


8. Identify the part of brain based on the functions given below
a)Part of brain regulate muscular coordination, maintain posture, orientation
and equilibrium
b)It contain fiber tract that inner connect different region of brain
9. Write function of the following nerve fibre
a)Afferent fibre b)Efferent fibre
10. Write any two difference between electrical synapse and chemical synapse?
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11. Write a short note on visceral nervous system
12. Stimulation of a particular part in brain during brain surgery results excessive
thirst,urge for drinking and eating in a patient
a)Name the part of brain which regulate thirst, urge for eating
b)What is the function of association area of brain
c)Which part of the brain act at the major coordinating centre for sensory and
motor signaling
13. Observe the diagram, and write the part A,B,C and D

14. Study the classification table of neurons and fill the A,B,C and D

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15. a)What are the two types of autonomic nervous system


b)Write a short notes on brain stem
16. Neurons are microscopic structures
a)What are the three major parts of neurons
b)Which part of neuron caryy nerve impulse away from cell body

Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score


17. Brain is the central information processing organ of our body. How it is
protected
18. Structure of neuron is given below write the parts A,B,C,D,E and F

19. Fill in the blanks


a)In hydra neural system is represented by…………….
b)Which part of human body act as the command and control system
c)…………. is a junction formed by the membranes of a pre-synaptic neuron
and a post-synaptic neuron, which may or may not be separated by a gap
called synaptic cleft.

20. Conduction of Nerve Impulse across nerve fibers can be explained in 3 steps.
Write the three steps

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NAVAS CHEEMADAN
HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION
ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
ANSWER KEY-Chemical coordination and Integration
Qn Scoring Key Score
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.
1 a)Melatonin 1
2 Addisons disease 1
3 Pancreas
4 a)ACTH-Adrenocorticotropic hormone 0.5
b)TSH-Thyroid stimulating hormone 0.5
5 Thyroid hormones, all others are secreted by adrenal gland. 1
II Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6 a)Diabetes insipidus
An impairment affecting synthesis or release of ADH results in a
diminished ability of the kidney to conserve water leading to water
loss and dehydration. This condition is known as Diabetes 1
Insipidus

b)Diabetes mellitus.
Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to a complex disorder called
1
diabetes mellitus which is associated with loss of glucose
through urine and formation of harmful compounds known as
ketone bodies

7 a)Adreniline/Epinephrine 0.5
Nor adrenaline/Nor epinephrine 0.5
b)Catecholamine 0.5
c)Adrenal gland 0.5
d)Above the kidney/Anterior part of kidney
8 Hypothalamus 1
Pineal gland 1
Pituitary gland (Any two )
9 Column A Column B 0.5
a)T4 ii)Thyroid 0.5
b)PTH iv)Parathyroid 0.5
c)GnRH iii)Pituitary 0.5
d)LH i)Hypothalamus
10
1)Gastrin: it acts on the gastric glands and stimulates the secretion of
hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. 1
2)Secretin: it acts on the exocrine pancreas and stimulates secretion of
water and bicarbonate ions.
3)CCK :acts on both pancreas and gall bladder and stimulates the secretion 1
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of pancreatic enzymes and bile juice, respectively.
4)GIP: it inhibits gastric secretion and motility
(Any two hormones and their secretions )
11 a)FSH and LH
b) FSH :
In males, :In males, FSH regulate spermatogenesis. 1
In females: FSH stimulates growth and development of the
ovarian follicles in females

LH :
In males: LH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of hormones
1
called androgens from testis.
In females :LH induces ovulation of fully mature follicles (graafian
follicles) and maintains the corpus luteum, formed from the
remnants of the graafian follicles after ovulation.
12 a)Membrane bound receptor and intra cellular receptor 1
b) Hormones produce their effects on target tissues by binding to
specific proteins called hormone receptors located in the target 1
tissues only. Each receptor is specific to one hormone only and
hence receptors are specific. Hence all hormones will not act on
all cells
13 Growth factors. These factors are essential for the normal growth 2
of tissues and their repairing/regeneration
14 a)Thymus gland 0.5
b)Thymosin 0.5
c)Thymosins play a major role in the differentiation of T-
lymphocytes, which provide cell-mediated immunity (CMI). 0.5
Thymosins also promote production of antibodies to provide 0.5
humoral immunity.
15 a)Deficiency of iodine in our diet results in hypothyroidism and 1
enlargement of the thyroid gland, commonly called Goitre
b) Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases the Ca2+ levels in the 1
blood
16 Peptide,Polypetide,Protein Steroids iodothyronines Amino acid 2
hormones derivatives
Insulin Cortisol Thyroid Epinephrine
Hormones

III-Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score


17 a)Insulin 0.5
b)PTH 0.5
c)FSH and LH 0.5
d)Glucagon 0.5

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e)ANF 0.5
f)Testosterone 0.5

18 Released from Released from


Adenohypophysis Neurohypophysis 0.5
 Prolactin,  Oxytocin, 0.5
 TSH,  Vassopressin 0.5
 Leutinising hormone, 0.5
 GH 0.5
0.5

19 a)Insulin 1
b)T3/T4/Thyroid hormones 1
c)Thyroid hormones 1
20 a) A-Hypothalamus 0.5
B-Hypothalamic neurons 0.5
C-Portal circulation 0.5
D-Posterior pituitary 0.5
E-Anterior pituitary 0.5
0.5
b)Releasing hormone :GnRH
Inhibitory Hormone : Somatostatin 0.5

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HIGHER SECONDARY EXAMINATION


ZOOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM
CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION
HSE I Score=30
Time=1 hr
Expecting Score from HSE 2023 from this Chapter=6

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score.

1. Which hormones help in the regulation of a 24-hour (diurnal) rhythm of our


body.
a)Melatonin b)Thymosin c)Catecholamine d)Cortisol
2. Underproduction of hormone by the adrenal cortex results………….disease
3. …………….is a composite gland which acts as both exocrine and endocrine
gland
4. Expand
a)ACTH b)TSH
5. Find the odd one and write the reason for selection
Glucocortiocids,Mineralo corticoids,Thyroid hormones,Sex corticoids
II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 score.
6. Distinguish between
a)Diabetes insipidus b)Diabetes mellitus.
7. A boy was trapped in a lift and his heart rate as well as breathing rate increased.
(a) Name the hormone responsible for this.
(b) What is the collective name for these hormones ?
(c) Which gland produce these hormones ?
(d) Where is this gland located ?
8. Name any two endocrine glands present in the brain
9. Match the following
Column A Column B
a)T4 i)Hypothalamus
b)PTH ii)Thyroid
c)GnRH iii)Pituitary
d)LH iv)Parathyroid

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10. Endocrine cells present in different parts of the gastro-intestinal tract secrete
four major peptide hormones. Name any two gastro-intestinal hormones and
write its function
11. Answer the following
a)Which hormones are called gonadotrophin
b)What is the role of these hormones in male and female
12. Hormones produce their effects on target tissues by binding to specific
proteins called hormone receptors
a) Name the two type of receptor based on their location in a cell
b) Not all hormones act on all cells, evaluate this statement
13. Name the hormone secreted by the Non-endocrine tissues ? Write its function.
14. The immune responses of old persons become weak
a)Name the endocrine gland which is degenerated in old individuals
b)Name the hormone secreted by this endocrine gland
c)Write the function of its hormone
15. State whether the following statements are true/false. If false, correct it.
a)Deficiency of iodine in our diet results in hypothyroidism and enlargement of
the thyroid gland, commonly called tetany
b) Parathyroid hormone (PTH) decreases the Ca2+ levels in the blood
c) Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of the basal
metabolic rate
d) Cortisol, produces anti inflammatory reactions and suppresses the immune
respons
16. Classify the following Hormones under table based on chemical nature
(Epinephrine,Cortisol ,Insulin,Thyroid Hormones )
Peptide,Polypetide,Protein Steroids iodothyronines Amino acid
hormones derivatives

III. Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 score

17. Give example(s) of:


(a) Hypoglycemic hormone
(b) Hypercalcemic hormone
(c) Gonadotrophic hormones
(d)Hyperglycemic hormone
e) Blood pressure lowering hormone
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f) Androgens
18. Classify the given hormones in the table
( Prolactin,TSH Oxytocin, Leutinising hormone, Vasopressin,GH )
Released from Adenohypophysis Released from Neurohypophysis

19. Which hormonal deficiency is responsible for the following:


(a) Diabetes mellitus (b) Goitre (c) Cretinism
20. Diagrammatic representation of two endocrine glands is given below. Answer
the question given below

a)Label A,B,C,D and E


b)Write an example for a releasing hormone and an inhibitory hormone

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