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Ce431 Topic 8 - Mode Choice

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40 views19 pages

Ce431 Topic 8 - Mode Choice

Uploaded by

darlynmae cuizon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MODE CHOICE

Mode Choice
Mode choice is that aspect of the demand
analysis process that determines the number
(or percentage) of trips between zones that
are made by automobile and by transit.

Mode choice models attempt to replicate the


relevant characteristics of the traveler, the
transportation system, and the trip itself,
such that a realistic estimate of the number
of trips by each mode for each zonal pair is
obtained.
Factors Influencing Mode Choice
Trip Purpose - The reason for the trip (e.g., commuting, leisure,
shopping) can significantly affect the chosen mode.

Travel Time - The perceived time required to use a specific mode plays a
vital role in decision-making.

Cost - Financial considerations, including fuel, fares, and parking fees,


heavily influence mode choice.

Convenience - The ease of accessing a mode, including factors like


proximity to stops or availability of services, impacts the selection
process.

Traveler Characteristics - Attributes such as income, age, car


ownership, and personal preferences shape how individuals choose
their travel modes.
Types of Mode Choice Models

Direct Generation Models


Trip End Models
Trip Interchange Models
Logit Models
Direct Generation Models

This method assumes that the attributes of the system are not
relevant. Factors such as time, cost, and convenience are not
considered.

They do not rely on trip generation or distribution steps.

Mode shares are determined from these variables without


detailed interaction between zones or trips.

They are simpler and often used for quick analysis in small-scale
projects.
Example: Direct Generation Models
Determine the number of transit trips per day in a zone which has 5000 people
living on 50 acres. The auto ownership is 40% of zero autos per household and
60% of one auto per household.
Example: Direct Generation Models

Determine the number of transit


trips per day in a zone which has
5000 people living on 50 acres. The 500
auto ownership is 40% of zero
autos per household and 60% of
one auto per household.
250
Example: Direct Generation Models

500

trips/day 250
Trip End Models
These models consider the characteristics of the trip's origin or destination.

They evaluate factors like land use, population density, or employment at the
ends of a trip.

Mode choice is determined based on the trip purpose and characteristics of


the zones but does not directly consider the interaction between the origin
and destination.
Example: Trip End Models
The total number of productions in a zone is 10,000 trips/day. The number of
households per auto is 1.80, and residential density is 15,000 persons/square mile.
Determine the percent of residents who can be expected to use transit.
Example: Trip End Models

45

27
Trip Interchange Models
In this method, system level-of-service variables are considered, including relative
travel time, relative travel cost, economic status of the trip maker, and relative travel
service. An example of this procedure is illustrated using the QRS method which
takes account of service parameters in estimating mode choice. The QRS method is
based on the following relationship:
Trip Interchange Models: Example
To illustrate the application of the QRS method, assume that the data shown in
Table 12.21 have been developed for travel between a suburban zone S and a
downtown zone D. Determine the percent of work trips by auto and transit. An
exponent value of 2.0 is used for work travel. Median income is $24,000 per year.
Trip Interchange Models: Example
To illustrate the application of the QRS method, assume that the data shown in Table 12.21 have been developed for travel
between a suburban zone S and a downtown zone D. Determine the percent of work trips by auto and transit. An exponent
value of 2.0 is used for work travel. Median income is $24,000 per year.
Trip Interchange Models: Example
Trip Interchange Models: Example
Logit Models
This form considers the relative utility of each mode as a summation of each
modal attribute. Then the choice of a mode is expressed as a probability
distribution. The utility of each mode is:

If two modes, auto (A) and transit (T), are being considered, the probability of
selecting the auto mode A can be written as
Logit Models
Logit Models

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