Module 3
Module 3
Region V
CALABANGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
San Isidro, Calabanga, Camarines Sur
MODULE 3
Learning objectives:
Introduction:
Medium is referring to the material which are used by an artist. It is the means by which
communicate his ideas. Many mediums have been used by in creating different work of art. The architect
uses wood, bamboo, bricks, stone; the sculptor uses wood and metals like bronzes; while the painter uses
pigments on wood or canvass. Medium is very essential to art.
Answer the following question for at least 3-5 sentences as you respond in every query.
Learning Resource:
Explore: (Task/Activity)
MEDIUM - is refers to the material which are used by an artist. It is the means by which
communicate his ideas. Many mediums have been used by in creating different work of art.
PAINTING
Oil
In oil paintings, the pigment is mixed in oil. The surface use is usually canvas although other
surfaces is wood, paper and metal maybe used. This method is been used since15th century. There are 2
types of oil painting. The direct and Indirect method.
1. The direct methods, the paint is opaque and are applied to the surface as they are look to the finish
product.
2. The indirect method, the paints are applied in thin layer of transparent color.
The oil paint dries slowly and has the tendency to rise to the surface and form a film over the picture
making it appear dull, and also has a tendency to become yellow and crack so thy preservation usually
become a problem.
Tempera
Before oils were in general use, a type of painting called tempura was popular. This is a mixture of
ground pigments and an albuminous or colloidal vehicle, either egg, gum or glue, used by Egyptian.
Medieval and Renaissance painters. It is still used today.
FRESCO
Pastel
Acrylic
1. Fernando Amorsolo
He was portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscape. In all paintings, his nationalistic fervor
was evident. His painting often portrayed traditional Filipino culture, customs, fiestas, and occupation. He
used natural light in his paintings. He painted outdoors to be able to catch the effect of light on objects
through the use of colors.
He developed the back-lightning technique that brilliantly depicted the luminous golden glow of the
sun's ray on his subject. These techniques became his trademark and his greatest contribution to the
Philippine paintings.
2. Fabian Dela Rosa
4. Jose Joya
6. Juan Luna
7. Vicente Manansala
8. Hernando R. Ocampo
9. Damian Domingo
SCULPTURE
Stone is durable, resistant to the element fire and other hazardous, on the other hand its heavy and
break easily. Marbles is the most beautiful stone; it has always been favorite materials in Greece and Italy
where it is plentiful.
Wood
Terra Cotta
Ivory
Unlike the
wooden sculpture, a large number of old ivory statues have
survived to the present time. The survival due to the intensive
values of material. Ivory lends itself to technical mastery. It also popular to ordinary crafts people.
Many of statues of saints in Philippine churches and homes have head and arms made of ivory,
Ivory though, lacks the vigor of wooden statues. Like wood it also cracks.
Other material
ARCHITECTURE
Architecture is an art. It is the art of designing, constructing a building. It also by its definition,
functional. One of the most primary purpose of architecture is to fulfil a need that led to its creation. The type
of construction to be employed also determined the choice of materials to be used. These maybe the
following: post-and-lintel, arch, and cantilever.
Wood- Is the common building material today. Its advantage are its
abundance, relstive durability and high tensile and compression strength.
Stone- Is the material used in most great achitecture of the world where permanence is desired.
Steel- It is tough alloy of iron in variable amounts. The useof structural steel makes it possible for
the architect to build many of he present-day structures without worrying about the problem of space and
weight of other material. It has also made possible the building of the high-rise structure which are gery
popular these days.
Assignment:
Acknowledgements:
This CCC modules for Art Appreciation (Humanities 1) is a part of a different kinds of textbooks and
other materials written by different authors to develop its own instructional materials anchored on the
curriculum and responsive to the aptitudes and the teaching and learning environment of the Philippine
setting. The writer compiles the information from different author and prepared the information in modular
format.
I would like to express their great gratitude, deep appreciation and thank to the following:
Sanchez, Custodiosa, Loreto V. Jao, Paz Abad, Ballo, Guido, Calsado, Tony, Horst, Louise, Dudley,
L., Austin, Faricy, Ortis, Ma. Aurora, R. Teresita Erestain, A. Guillermo, and M. Montano for their books,
pamphlets & hand-outs that served as a reference in preparing this module.
The Google chromes, whose picture were used in this CCC module and for the electronics copy of
books, pamphlets & hand-outs.
My students in Art Appreciation (Humanities 1) for sharing and prepared the materials in preparing
this module and whose interest has been a source of inspiration.
DR.GIL F. PANGINDIAN
Associate Professor 5