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Introduction To The Scientific Method

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24 views32 pages

Introduction To The Scientific Method

Uploaded by

hung311a
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Agenda: The Scientific Method

Page
Objectives
Numbers
- Classroom rules and expectations
- Branches of science
22-23
- The scientific method
Introduction to science
What is science?

Science is the process of observing, asking questions


and finding things out about the world around you.
The process is called
When you hear the
the word Scientific Method.
'Science',
what do you think of?
Branches of science

Biology - The study of living things


(organisms) by biologists.

Physics - The study of forces and


motion by physicists.

Chemistry - The study of matter, its


reactions and properties by chemists.
Name the branch of science

Gravity Photosynthesis Albert Einstein Cells


Physics Biology Physics Biology

Periodic table Chemical reactions Magnetism Bacteria


Chemistry Chemistry Physics Biology

Solar system Charles Darwin Electricity Growth


Physics Biology Physics Biology
Branches of science review

1 Biology The study of matter, it’s


2
reactions and properties
2 Chemistry 3 The study of forces and motion.

3 Physics 1 The study of living things.


The scientific method
What is the scientific method?

The scientific method is any way of


testing that involves collecting
information in order to show whether
an idea is right or wrong.

Question 1
The scientific method
Observation

Hypothesis

Prediction

Experiment

Data

We have noticed something and we now have a question


Why is my internet not working?
The scientific method
Observation Maybe my phone has too many
applications running.
Hypothesis

Prediction
This is a possible answer to my question.

Experiment

Data
The scientific method
Observation If I restart my phone, it will close all the
Hypothesis
applications.

Prediction

Experiment The prediction is what will happen if my


hypothesis is correct.
Data
The scientific method
Observation Lets test it, this test is called an
Hypothesis
experiment.

Prediction

Experiment

Data
The scientific method
Observation

Hypothesis

Prediction

Experiment

Data
The scientific method
Observation

Hypothesis
Our hypothesis (guess) was not correct...
Do you have another hypothesis that
Prediction
explains what is causing the internet
Experiment
connection problems?

Data
The scientific method

Observation Used to think up a question

Hypothesis An idea that answers your question

Prediction What will happen if your answer is correct


A test to see if your hypothesis and
Experiment
prediction is correct
Data The results from your experiment

Question 2
The scientific method
Observation

Hypothesis

Prediction

Experiment
Think of a new
Data hypothesis!
NO

Data match prediction?


YES
Hypothesis
looks correct!
Open your Biology
book on page
22 Q.1 - 6
1. Organisms reproduce (make
more of them selves).

2. Because the rats were always


found in the rubbish.
3a. A hypothesis is an idea that answers your
question.
3b. The prediction is if there is no mud, there will
be no frogs.
3c. No because two ponds had frogs but only one
of them had mud.
3d. They could put the frogs in a controlled
environment, for example build a pond in a lab
and observe the frogs.
4a. Data (because ‘sprouted’ is past tense.
3b. Hypothesis.
3c. Prediction.
5a. Where do flies come from?
5b. The hypothesis is that banana peels produce
flies
5c. If peels produce flies, then if we isolate a peel
then eventually flies will appear in the jar.

6a. Redi believed that flies lay eggs on the meat.


5b. If we keep flies away from meat, then there
will be no maggot eggs on the meat.
5c. The flies were kept away from the meat and
because of this, the meat had no maggots.
Salty and sweet experiment
Which substance can we dissolve more of into a cup
of water?
Sugar or Salt?
Lab report
Which substance can we dissolve more of into a
Observation cup of water?
Sugar or Salt?

I think that we can dissolve more _________


Hypothesis
into a cup of water.

If we can dissolve more______ then the water


Prediction will be able to hold more spoons of_________
Scientific method example

Observation Researchers have noticed that when baby sea


turtles hatch from their eggs, there are more
Hypothesis females than males. They have also noticed
Prediction
that this happens more often when the sand is
cooler...
Experiment

Data
Scientific method example
Do you have a hypothesis (a guess) that
Observation might explain why more baby sea turtles
are being born female?
Hypothesis

Prediction

Experiment

Data

Maybe the development of gender (male or female)


depends on the temperature of the eggs?
Scientific method example

Observation Lets make a prediction!


Hypothesis

Prediction

Experiment

Data

If the sand is cooler, then the egg


will develop into a female sea turtle!
Scientific method example

Observation

Hypothesis Can you think of a


way to test our
Prediction
hypothesis?
Experiment

Our Hypothesis
Data
Maybe the development of gender
(male or female) depends on the
temperature of the eggs?
Scientific method example

We will place our sea turtle eggs


into an incubator, where we can
control the temperature of the
eggs. We will place the eggs at six
different temperatures and then
count how many sea turtles are
born as either male or female. We
will record the observations (data).
Scientific method example

Observation

Hypothesis Lets take a look at the birth rates of


Prediction
males and females, this is going to
be our data.
Experiment

Data
Lab report answers

Step 1: The researchers noticed that when the sand is


cooler, more females hatch.

Step 2: I think that the gender of the turtles is


determined(decided) by the temperature.

Step 3: If we put the eggs in a warmer environment, more


males will hatch.
Lab report answers

Step 4: Experiment.

Step 5: The data tells us that 28°C is the best temperature


for females to hatch and 34°C is the best temperature for
males to hatch.
Observation What are the steps of the scientific
method?
Hypothesis

Prediction

Experiment

Data Think of a new


hypothesis!
NO

Data match prediction?


YES Hypothesis looks
correct!
Scientific Method is any way of testing that
1. The____________________
involves collecting information in order to show whether
an idea is right or wrong.
2. Which step of this method gives an idea that answers
Hypothesis
the question? _____________.
3. What do we call the results of an experiment?
Data
___________.
4. What do we need if the data does not match our
A new hypothesis
prediction? ___________________.

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