9.

ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES

9A.6 HKCEEMA 1996-1 3

The n�th term Tn of a sequence Ti , T2, T3, ... is 7 3n.
9 Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences (a) Write down the first 4 terms of the sequence.
(b) Find the sum of the first 100 terms of the sequence.

9A.7 HKCEEMA2003-l-7
9A General terms and summations of sequences
Consider the arithmetic sequence 2, 5, 8 . Find
9A.1 HKCEEMA1980(1/l*/3)-1-ll (a) the 10th term of this sequence,
Let k>O. (b) the sum of the first 10 terms of this sequence.
(a) (i) Find the common ratio of the geometric sequence k, 10k, 100k.
(ii) Find the sum of the firstn terms of the geometric sequence k, 10k, lOOk, .. 9A.8 HKCEEMA2005 1 7
(b) (i) Show that logJOk, log10 10k, log1 0 100k is an arithmetic sequence. The 1st term and the 2nd tenn of an arithmetic sequence are 5 and 8 respectively. If the sum of the first n
(ii) Find the sum of the first n terms of the arithmetic sequence log 10 k, log 10 10k, log10 100k, .. tenns of the sequence is 3925, find n.
=
Also, if n 10, what is the sum?
9A.9 HKDSEMA2015 1-17
For any positive integer n, let A(n) = 4n - 5 and B(n) = 104n -5 _
9A.2 HKCEE MA 1984(A/B)- 1- 10
(a) ExpressA(l)+A(2)+A{3)+ •+A(n) interrnsofn.
a and b are positive numbers. a, -2, b is a geometric sequence and 2, b, a is an arithmetic sequence.
(b) Find the greatest value of n such that log (B( l)B(2)B(3) .. B(n)) � 8000.
(a) Find the value of ab.
(b) Find the values of a and b. 9A.10 HKDSE MA 2016 I- 17
(c) (i) Find the sum to infinity of the geometric sequence a, -2, b, The 1st term and the 38th term of an arithmetic sequence are 666 and 555 respectively. Find
(ii) Find the sum to infinity of all the terms that are positive in the geometric sequence a, -2,b,
(a) the common difference of the sequence,
(b) the greatest value of n such that the sum of the first n terms of the sequence is positive.
9A.3 HKCEEMA !986(A/B I) -B -9
9A.ll HKDSEMA2018-l 16
2, -1, -4, ... form an arithmetic sequence.
The 3rd term and the 4th term of a geometric sequence are 720 and 864 respectively.
(a) Find
(i) the nth term, (a) Find the 1st term of the sequence.
(ii) the sum of the first n terms, (b) Find the greatest value of n such that the sum of the {n + 1)th term and the (2n + 1)th term is less than
(iii) the sum of the sequence from the 21st term to the 30th term. 5 X 1014.
(b) If the sum of the f rst n terms of the sequence is less than -1000, find the least value of n.
9A.12 HKDSEMA20!9-l-16
�-sa-18
9A.4 HKCEEMA 1989-1-9 Let a and f3 be real numbers such that { �
f3=a--13a+63
Th "" 1 . (a) Fmd a and /3.
epositive numbl ers , k, , ... form a geometnc sequence.
2
(a) Find the value of k, leaving your answer in surd form. (b) The 1st term and the 2nd term of an arithmetic sequence are log a and Jog f3 respectively. Find the least
value of ii such that the sum of the firstn terms of the sequence is greater than 888.
(b) Express the nth term T(n) in terms of n.
(c) Find the sum to infinity, expressing your answer in the form p + Jq_, where p and q are integers. 9A.!3 HKDSE MA 2020 - I - 16
(d) Express theproduct T(l)xT(3)xT(5)x ··xT(2n 1) in terms ofn. The 3rd term and the 6th term of a geometric sequence are 144 and 486 respectively.

(a) Find the lsttermofthe sequence. (2marks)

9A.5 HKCEEMA 1995-1-3
(b) Find the least value of n such that the sum of the first n tenns of the sequence is greater
(a) Find the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic sequence 1,5, 9,. than 8xl018 . (3 marks)
(b) Find the sum to infinity of the geometric sequence 9, 3, 1, ... .

65 66
 ｀＇
9. ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRICS以UENCES

B凸•
9B Applications 9B.4 HKCEE MA 1985(A/B) -1 14

·
9B.1 HKCEE MA 1981(1/2/3)- I -10 $P is deposited in a bank at the inter逗rate of r% per annum compounded annually. At tbe end of eacb
In Figure(1), 81 C1CD is a square inscribed in the right angled ll'iaagleAB C. LC= 90° , 瓦==a, AC=2a, year, - of the amo叩t in the account (including principal and interest) is drawn唧血theremainder il;
「edeposited at the same rate.
Let$Q」｀佤$Q3, …denote respectively the sums of money drawn out at the end of the first year, second

,
year, third ye比…．
(a) (i)氐press Q1 and Qi in terms of P and r.
4
(ii) Show that Q3 =一P(l十改）3_

'. 二／
勿
(b) Q1, Qi, QJ , …fcxm a geometric函uence.Find the commoo ratio m terms of r.

：
27
(c) Suppose Q3 = 一P.
128

I
(i) Find the迢ue of r.
B D C (ii) If P== 10000, find Qi+Qz+Q3+···+Q」o. (Give)Our answc: correct to the nearest integer.)

Al
Figure(!)
·-
,,

\
(a) &press bin terms of a.
(b) B2C2C1D1 is a square inscribed in AAB1C1 (see Figun: (2)) .
(i) Express恥C:z in tenns of b. 9B.5 HKCEEMA 1987(AIB)-I 10
(ii) Hence exp函s 820:i in tenns of a .
(c) I f s quares均C3C2�. 84 C4 C3D), B,C,CiLJ4, . . . are drawn successively as indicated i n Figure (3),

／
(i) write down the length of BsCs in ten邙of a.
(i) find, in lemlS of 12. 由sum of the areas of the infiaitelymany squares drawn in this薴iy.

／
98.2 HKCEE MA 1982(1/213) I 10
(a) {i ) Find the sum of all the mu1tiples of 3 from 1 to 1000.

、、'
(Ii) Find the sum of all the multiples of 4 from l to 1000 {including 1000).

、
｀，
，
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the s呻 of all the integers from 1 to 1000 (including 1 and 1000) which are

·
ncitha multiples of 3 nor multiples of 4.

璋3 HKCEE MA 1983(NB)- I-10

A ball is dropped vertically from a height of 10 m, and when it reaches the ground, it rebounds to a height of 81 C1
3 3
10 x-m. The國I coo.tioues to fall皿d rebound again, each timerebounding to - of the height from which In this quesiton you should leave your ans沅rs insu因form.
4 4
it previously fell (see the figure).
In the fig面e.A 1B面is m equilateral triangle of side 3 and area 7j.
(a) Find芍．
(b) The points A2, 函and C2 divide internally the line segments A面 ， B1C1 andC凶respectively in the
same ratio 1 : 2. The area of 6A函C2 is乃．
(i) Find A必2·
I (ii) Find h
O
I (c) Triangles A毋JC3 ,A4B4 C4 , ... arc; cons1ruc1ed in a sinularway. Their areas are T3, 五，..., respectively.
It is known that 7i,'Ii, T3 , 石，... fonn a geometric sequence.
(i) Find the common ratio.
(ii) Find T,,.
r I= �ooM (iii) Find the value of T, + T2十···+T•.
�
(a) Find the tutal distance travelled by the ball just before it makes its second rebound. (iv) Find the sum ro infinity of the geometric sequence.
(b) F'md, in te血s ofk, the t心1血tance travelled by the ball just before it makes its (k+ l)st rebound.
(c) rind the total distance travelled by the ball迢ore it comes to rest.

� ｀＇
 9. ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES

9B.6 HKCEEMA1988 - I 9 9B.9 HKCEEMA 1992 I 14

(a) Write down the smallest and the largest multiples of 7 between 100 and 999. (a) Given the geometric sequence an ,an-1b, an-2b2 , ... ,c?-bn-2, abn-l, where a and b are unequal and non­
(b) How many multiples of 7 are there between 100 and 999'? Find the sum of these multiples. zero real numbers, find the common ratio and the sum ton terms of the geometric se quence.
(c) Find the sum of all positive three digit integers which are NOT divisible by 7. (b) A man joins a saving plan by depositing in his bank account a sum of money at the beginning of every
year. At the beginning of the first year, he puts an initial deposit of $P. Every year afterwards, he
9B.7 HKCEEMA 1990 l-14 deposits 10% more than he does in the previous year. The bank pays interest at a rate of 8% p.a.,
The positive integers l, 2, 3 ... are divided into groups G1, G2, C h .. , so that the kth group G k consists of k compounded yearly.
consecutive integers as follows: (i) Find, in tenns of P, an expression for the amount in his account at the end of
G1: 1 (1) the first year,
(2) the second year,
G2 :2,3 (3) the third year.
G3:4,5,6 (Note: You need not simplify your expressions)
(ii) Using (a), or otherwise, show that the amount in his account at the end of the nth year is
$54P(l .1"- 1.08').
(c) A flat is worth $1080000 at the beginning of a certain year and at the same time, a man joins the saving
Gk-I :u1,u2,- .,uk 1 plan in (b) with an initial deposit $P = $20000. Suppose the value of the fat grows by 15% ever y year.
Gk: VJ, v2, ..., vk-1, Vk Show that at the end of the nth year, the value of the fat is greater than the amount in the man's account.

9B.10 HKCEEMA1993 -1- 10

Consider the food production and population problems of a certain country. In the 1st year, the country's
annual food production was 8 million tonnes. At the end of the 1st year its population was 2 million. It is
(a) (i) Write down all the integers in the 6th group G6. assumed that the annual food production increases by 1 million tonnes each year and the population increases
(ii) What is the total number of integers in the first 6 groups G 1 , G2,. . , G6'? by 6% each year.
(b) Find, in terms of k, (a) Find, in million tonnes, the annual food production of the country in
(i ) the last integer Uk-1 in G¼-1 and the first integer v1 in G k, (i) the 3rd year,
(ii) the sum of all the integers in Gk- (ii) the nth year.
9B.8 HKCEEMA1991-l-12 (b) Find, in million tonnes, the total food production in the first 25 years.
(c) Find the population of the country at the end of
do= 10
(i) the 3rd year,
(ii) the nth year.
(d) Starting from the end of the first y ear, find the minimum number of years it will take for the population
to be doubled.
. annual food production in a certain year) .
d1 =8 ds (e) If the ,annual food production per cap.ita, (.1.e. . 1s less than
d, population at the end of that year
I 0.2 tonne, the country will face a food shorta ge problem. Determine whether the country will face a
food shortage problem or not at the end of the 100th year.

9B.11 HKCEEMA 1994-1-15

A maze is formed by line segments of lengths do,d1 ,d2, ... ,dn, ... , with adjacent line segments perpendic Suppose the number of babies born in Hong Kong in 1994 is 70 000 and in subsequent years, the number of
dn+2 babies born each year increased by 2% of that of the previous year.
ular to each other as shown in the fgure. Let do = 10, di = 8, d2 = 10 and d = 0.9 when n 2: 1,
" (a) Find the number of babies born in Hong Kong
i.e. �=�=-··=0.9 and�=�=- =0.9. (i) in the first year after 1994;
d1 d3 d2 t4 (ii) in the nth year after 1994.
(a) Find d3 and d5, and express d2n-1 in terms of n.
(b ) In which year will the number of babies born in Hong Kong first exceed 90 000?
(b) Find d6 and express d2n in terms of n. (c) Find the total number of babies born in Hong Kong from 1997 to 2046 inclusive.
(c) Find, in terms of n, the sums (d) It is known that from 1901 to 2099, a year is a leap year if its number is divisible by 4.
(i) d1 +d3+ds+···+d2n-1,
(i) Find the number of leap years between 1997 and 2046.
(ii) d2+c4+di5+ -·+d2n- (ii) Find the total number of babies born in Hong Kong in the leap years between 1997 and 2046.
(d) Findthevalue ofthe sum d{)+d1 +d2+d3+ ... to infinity.
69 70
 9. AIUTHM缸IC ANO GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES

9B.12 HKCEE MA 1??7 - I- 10 9B.14 HKCEEMA 1殫-I 11

Suppose the population, of a town grows by 2% each year and its popul牢oo at the end of I刃6 was 300 000. In Figure (1), A函C函is a square of side 14 cm. A2, 82, C2 and D2 divide A南 ， B心 ， C1D1 andD凶
(a) Find the population詛the end of 1998. respectively in the ratio 3 : 4 and fonn the square A函C西FoDowing the same pattern, A3, B3, C3 and D3
divideA函,B2C2, C2Di andD2A2 respectively in the ratio3 :4 and form the squ缸eA函C3店Toe process
(bl At the end of which year will the populationjust exceed 330000?
is repeated indefinitely to give squ缸es,4,i趴C.04,A函C邲，... ,A品CJ)五 …

15
HKCEE MA 1997 - I
辶·-----·---;,、�----·--·--

一
9B.13 At
£21. _D1

·｀�
Assh�n be區 ， figure A」 is a square of side£. To the middle of each of three sides of figureA 1, a square of
t.
side 一 is added to give figureA2· 6cm
3
t.
Following the same pattern, squares of side - are added to figureA2 to give fi卽reA3. The process is repeated
9 A2 A,
indefinitely to give tiguresA,i,As, . . .,An, ….
(a) (i) Table 1shows the numbers and the lengths of sides cA: lhe squares added when producing A2 from
A 1, A3 from A2 andA4 from A3. Complete Table 1. 8cm
(ii) Find the total area of all the squares inA4.
(iii) As n increases indefinitely, the t心area of all the squares inAn tends to a constant k. Exp.1ess k in �
terms of i. B1 6cm 82 lSan c, ________ :1.-:�
二一----·----'

(bl The overlapping line segments in figuresA1,A2,A3, ... ,An, …are removed to form figures Bi, B1, B3, 坷严e (1) Fi�ure (2)
. .. , Bn, ... as sh<mn.
(a) FindA泣2·
(i) Complete Table 2.
( b) find A:iA.3:A1A1,
(ii) Write down the perimeler of Bn.
What would the perimeter of Bn become if n increases indefinitely? (c) An ant SlaitS at Ai and crawls along the path A1A2A3 ...An ... as shown in Figure (2). Show that the
tota1 dis面】ce crawled by the ant cannot exceed 21 cm.

A」 A2 A3
9B.15 HK«;EEMA 1叩?-I-17

The manager of a factory estimated that in year 2000, the income of the factory will drop by r% each month
from$500000 in January to $284400 in Decemb,.,,-.
．
(a) Find r correct to the nearest integer.
( b) Suppose the factory's production cos心$400000 in January 2000. The manager p:oposed to cut the
cost by $20000 every month (i.e., the cost will be $380000 in February and $360000 inMarch etc.)
and claimed that ii woukl not affect the monthly income.
(i) Using the value of r obtained in (a), sb<m that the factory will still make a profit for the whole year.
(ii) The factory will start a research p�」ect at the beginning of year 2000 on improving its production
method. The cost of running the research project is $ llOOOO per menth. The project will be
stopped at the end of the k th month if the total cost spent in these k months on runn ing the project
exceeds the total production cost for the remaining months of the year.
Show that 12- - 71k + 348 < 0. Hence determine how long the research project will last.
[]

81 B1 B3 9B.16 HKCEEMA 2000-1-14

An auditorium has 50 rows of seats. All seats are numbered in D 呻 erical order丘om the first row to tb.e last
row, and from left to right, as shown in the figure. The first row has 20 seats. The second row has 22 seats.
Bach SU函edingrow has 2 moie seats than the previous one. ,
(a) How many seats are there in the last row?
(b) Find the total number of seats in the
first 11 rows. Hence detennine in
which r唧the seat numbered 2000 is

�了t'互p
i 南，.,:;;lYt-B.iJ�
located.

71 72
 ···············- --··一·丶 ········一,,_一•· ·······-·---··--·· - -..

9. ARJTHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES

98.17邯Cf.li MA卻1-r 1, 9B.20 HK�e MA ,003 I- I�

F1 ,Fi,F:
瓦..,F40 as sh<:mn below are 40 similar figures. The perimeter ofF1 is 10 cm.The pcrim函ofeach Figure( I) shows an equnate.ral triangleAoBU:::0 ofside Im. Another triangle A 1B心is inscribed in triangle

。
succeeding figure is 1 cm longer than that ofthe previous one. AoA1 Bo81 CoC1
AoBoCo such出at 一＝＿＿＝一一= k. where O < k < I. Let A 」趴=xm.
Ao恥 恥C CoAo

矗
(a) ( i) Express the area of triangle A 1 8碴1 in terms ofk.

盧
(ii) Express x in terms ofk.

矗 Fl
(iii) Explain why A 1B1C 1 is an equilateral triangle.

FJ
E
F40 A1A2 B1 恥 C tC2
(b) Another equilateral triangle A函C2 in inscnbed in triangleA南C1 such that 一一 ＝ 一一 ＝一一 =k
A1B1 [uw C1A」
(a) (i} Find the perimeter ofF40 . as shown in Figure(2).
(ii) Find the sum of the perimeters ofthe 40 figur蕊 (i) Prove that the triangles A1Bo趴and A2B1 B2 are sinular.
(b) It is known that the a函 of月is4an2 . (ii ) The above process of inscribing triangles is rcpea函indefinitely to generate equilateral triangles
(i) Find the area ofF2. A3街 C3,A 4 844,AsBsCs, …. Find the to叫area of the triangles A1 BoB1, A 2B18i , A38i83, …·
(ii) Detenn」ne with justification whether the areas of F1 ,Fi, FJ, …, F40 form an arithmetic sequence. Ao Ao

9B.18 ttr<;Ci;J; MA Z001一I-14

(a) [Out ofsyllabus: 正resull'Toe solution tothe equation :x:5 6x+5=0 is x�l.091" is obtained./
(b) From 1997 to 2000,Mr. Qian deposited $1000 in a bank at the beginning of each year at an int函st
「ate of r% per amium, compounded yearly. For the money deposited, the amount accumulated at the
beginning of2001 was $5000. Using (a), find r correct to 1 decimal place.
c,

9B.19 HK�M,4.2002-I- 13 C。 B」 恥 Co B1
Figure (2)
恥
A line segment AB oflength 3m is cut into three equal parts AC1,C1C2 and C2B as shown in Figure(!). �

C, 9B.21 HKCEEMA 2004-1-15

Io Figure(!), Fi , 1-)_, F, . .. are square frames. The perimeter of Fi is 8cm. Starting from色， the perim薴
ofeach square frame is4cm longer than the perimeter of the previous frame.
B
A

口口二
c, C1 Qi

＾
Ci
Figure(!) Figure(2)

On the middle pan Ct C2, an equilateral triangle C 1 C2C3 is drawn as shc:mn in Figure(2). F1 Fi
(a) Find, in surd fOllll, the 年 oftriangle C 1 叩3. Figure(I)
,"'印'" 一'"'
(b) Each of the line segments AC1, C1C3, C3C2 and C泣in Figure( 2) is further divided into three equal ( a) (i) Find the perim函r ofF1o.
parts. Similar to the previous process, four smaller equilateral triangles are d唧 n as shown in Figure (ii) Jf a thin metal wire of length 1000 cm is cut into pieces and these pieces are then b ent to fonn the
(3). Find, in surd fonn, the total area ofall the equi」ateral triangles. above square frames, find the grea蕊t number of distinct square frames.that can be formed.
C3 C3 (b) Figure(2) shows three similar solid right pyramids S 1 , S2 and S3. The total lengths of the four sides of
the square bases ofS1, S2 and SJ are equal to the perimeters of F1, F2 and F, 「espectively.
(i) Do the volumes ofs,, S2 and S3 fam a geometric sequence? E叩Jain your answer.
(ii) When the length of the slant edge of S I is 5 cm, fiod the volume ex S3. Give the answer in swd

凸二三
A

C1 Cz B C1 C2 fonn.

_Figure(3) Figure (4)

(c) Figure (4) shows all the equilateral triangles so generated when the previoos process is repeated again.

＄
What would the total area ofall the equila國al triangles become ifthis process is repeated indefinitely?
Si Si
Give your answer in surd form.
Fi鉭re (2)
73 74
 9. ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRfC SEQUENC蕊

r�:�: �f[:f!!三三巴竺[��三芷亡:r1了
r
9B.22 HKCee MA,,oo�I一1� 9B.24 HKCEE MA 2009- I - 15
Pe沄boITOws a loan of $200 000 from a bank at an interest rate of 6% per aonum,compouoded monthly.For In a city. the taxi fare is charged according to the following table:
each successive month after the da.y when the loan is tal<en, Joan in氐est is calculated and then a monthly
instabnent of $xis immediately paid to the bank until the loan is fully repaid(the J 盆 t instalment may be I=
than $x), where x< 200000.
(a) (1) Find the Ioan in.terest fa: the 1st month.
Assume that there are no other extra fares .
(ii) Express, in tenns ofx, the amount that Pe區still owes the bank after paying tbe 1st instalment
(iii) Prove that if Peter has not yet fully repaid tbe loan after paying the nth instalment. he still owes the (a) A hired taxi in the city travels a distance of ;c km, where ;c�2.
bank ${200 000(1.005)"一2叩�[(1.005)" -1)} . (i) Suppose that ;c is a multiple of 0.2. Prove that the tax」fare is $(6 + 12x:).
( bl Suppose that Peter's mootbly instalment is $1800 (the last instalment may be less than $1800). (ii ) Suppose that ;c is not a multiple of 0.2. Is the taxi fare $(6+ l 2x)? Explain your answer
(i) Find the number of mcnths for Peter to fully repay the loan. (b) If a hired taxi in the city travels a distance of 3.1km, find the taxi fare.
( ii) Peter wants to fully repay the loan with a smaller monthly instalment. He requests to pay a monthly ( c ) In the city, a taxi is hired for 99 journeys. The 1st journey covers a distance of 3.1km. Starting from
instalment of $900. However, the bank refuses his request Why? the 2nd journey, the distance covered by each journey is 0.5 km longer than that covered by the previous
jouroey. The taxi driver claims that the total taxi fare will not exceed $33 000. Is the claim correct?
Explain your answer.

17
HKCEE MA 2010-l

一
9B.25
Figure (1) shows the circle passing through the four vertices of the square ABCD. A rectangular coordinate
system is introduced in Figure( 1) so that the coordinates ofA and B are (0, 0) and (8,6) respectively.

．
．
9B.23 HKCEE MA 2008 - I- 16 C

』
，
．
In the cua面t financial year of a ci.ty, the amount of salaries tax charged for a citizen is calculated according
to the following叫es:
縐��尹�� ：（蜀4新礄毗濕髟

D
On the first 30 000 a%
On the next 30 000 10%
On the next 30000 罈

B
Remairxler 24%
The net chargeable income is equal to the net total income minus the sum of allowances. The salaries tax
charged shall not exceed the standard rate of salaries tax applied to the net total income. The standard rate of
salaries tax for the cun:ent financial year is 20%.

A
A
It is given that a, 10, b, 24 is an arithmetic sequence.
(a) Find a arxl b.
( b) Suppose that in the current financial year of the city, the swn of allowances of a citizen is $172000.
互，�'��ll Figw:e( 2)

(i) Let $P be the net total」面me of the citizen. If the citizen has to pay salaries tax at the辜ndard (a ) (i) Using a suitable transfonna1ioo,or otherwise, write down tbe coordinates of D. Hence, or other
rate, express the amoWJt of salaries tax charged for the citizen in terms of P. wise, find the coordinates of the centre oftbecircleABCD.
（切Find the least net total io;ome of the ci泣en so that如salaries tax is cb叨；ed at the standard rate. (ii ) Find the radius of the circleABCD.
(c) Peter is a citizen in the city. In the current financial year, the net t>tal income and the sum cL allowances ( b) A student uses the circle ABCD ofFigure (1) to design a logo the class association. The process of
of Peter are $1400000 and $172000 respectively. In order to pay his salaries 迢i<, Peter begins kl save designing the logo starts by co芯tructiog the inscribed circle of the square AECD such that the inscnbed
money 12 months before the due day of paying salaries tax. A deposit of $23000 is saved in a bank 。
circle touches AB, BC, CD and DA at A1, B1, Ci and D1「espectively. The regi n between the square
on the same day of each month at an interest rate of 3% per annum, cumpounded monthly. There are ABCD and its inscribed circle is shaded as sh畑o in Figure (2). The inscribed circle of the square
totally 12 depo.5its. Will Peter have enough money to画his salaries tax on the due day? Explain your A函C1 Di is then constructed such that this inscn'bed circle touches A181, B1C1, C1D1 and D凶atA z,
c
aoswet. B2, C2 and Di respectively. The region between the square A1B1 C1D1 and its inscribed cirle is also
shaded. The process is carried in until the region between the square A9恥0為alXI its inscribed circle
is shaded.
(I) Find the r,tio of the area of the circle A函C1Dt to the area of the circle ABCD.
(ii) Suppose that the ratio of the totlll area of all the shaded regions to the area of the circle ABCD
is p: 1. The student thin.ks that the design of the logo is good when p lies between 0.2 and 0.3.
According to the student, is t11e design of the logo good? Explain your answer.

75 ｀
 ...... •...今、 ........_一.. ...........一 ....... ... . .................. ..
-·· ···--• "' .. • ........一·-···-···一.. • 一-·-····· ........

t_ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES

9B.26 HKC�MA ZOII 一1一I� 9B.29 HKDSE MA 2012-1-19
The figure shows a sequence of tables filled with integers. The 1st table consists of I row and I column and In a city, the air cargo tenninal X of an airport handles goods of weight A (n) tonnes in the nth year since the
I is assigned to the cell of the 1st table. For any integern > 1, thenth table consists of n rows and 11 colunms start of its oper函on, where n is a positive integer. It is given that A(n) =心"'• where a and bare positive
and tbe integers in the cells <i the 11 table satisfy the following conditions: constants. It is found that the weights of the goods handled by X in the 1st year aoo the 2nd year since the
(1) The integer in the cell at the top left comer is 11. start of its operation are 254100 10nnes and307 461 tonnes respectively.
( 2)In each两, the integer i n the硨<ithe (r + I)th column is greater than that of the心
column by 1, where 1 $ r $ 11 1.
(3) In each colmnn, the integer in the cell of the (r+ J)th row is greater than lhat of the rth
(a) (i)
。
Find a and b. Hence find the weight of the goods handled by X in the 4th year sio::e the start of its
peration.
(Ii) Express, in terms of n, the total weight of the goods handled by X i n the first n year since the start
row by 1, where 1 $ r $n- l . of its operation.
( b) The air cargo terminal Y starts to operate sinceX has been operated for4 years. LetB(m) tonnes be the
吾呈
三 weight of the goods handled by Y in the mth year since the start of its operation, where m is a positive
o，。 8 integer. It is given that B(m) = 2ab"'.

。
滘

曰。二：固。
-
苔 ( i) The manager of the airport claims !hat after Y has been operated, the weight of the goods handled
('I
by Y is less than that handled by X in each year. Do you agree? Explain your answer.
(ii) Toe supervi近 of the airport thinks that when 1he total weight of也e goods handled by X and Y
since the start of the operation ofX exceeds 20 000000 tonnes. new facilities should be imtalled to
maintain出e efficien勺of the air cargo terminals. According to the supervisor, in whlch year since
1st table 2nd table 3rd table tbe startofthe operation of X should the new facilities be installed?

(a} Construct and complete the 4th table.

(b) Find the sum of all integers in the 1st row of the 99th table.
(c) Find the sum of all integers in the 99th table. 9B.30 HKI泠�M/\�01� 一1一 19
(d) Is there an odd number k such that the sum of all integers in the袖table is an even number? Explain Toe development of public housing in a city is under study. It is given that the total flocc area of all public
your answer. housing flats at the end of the 1st year is 9 x 106 m2 and in subsequent years, the total fl函 areaof public
housing flats built each year� 溱of the total floor area of all public housing flats at the end ofthe pc函ous

言三三言三：7三三�
,
year, whei:e ris a constant, and the total floa- area of public housing flats pulled down each year is 3 x 10s nr.
It is found that the total floor area of all public housing flats at the end ofthe 3rd year is 1.026 x 107 m2 .
9B.27 HKDSE MA SP- I-15
(a) (i) Express, in terms of r, the total floor area of all public housing flats at the end of the 2nd year.
The seats in a theatre are numbered in nu­ (ii) Find r.
merical order from the first row to the last (b) (i )氐press, in terms o店the total floor area of all public housing flats at the end of the nth year.
row, and from left to right, as shown in the
( ii) At the end of which year呻the total floor area of all public housing flats first exceed 4 x 107 rrl-?
figure. The first row has 12 seats. Each

亡
succeeding row has 3 more seats than the (<)��; �
previous one. If the theatre cannot accom­
modate more than 930 seats, what is the
greatest nmnber of rows in the theatre?

A research assistant claims that based on the above assumption, the tota」floor area of all public hoosing
flats will be greater than the total floor area of public housing flats needed at the end of a certain year.
＂逗HKDSE MAPP-I-19 Is the claim correct? Explain your answer.
The amount cL investment of a commercial finn in the 1st year is $4000000. The amount of investment in
each successiveyearis r% Jess than the previous year. The amountofinvestmentin the 4th year is$1048576.
(a) Find r. 9B.31 HKL>S�MA ,014 一I-I�
(b) The revenue made by the firm in the 1st year is $2000000. The revenue made in each successive year In the figure, the 1st pattern consists of 3 dots. For any positive integer n, the (n + l)st pattern is formed by
is 2嗪Jess than the previous year.
adding 2 dots to the nth pattern. Fmd the least value of m such that the total number of dots in the缸t m
(i) Find the least number of years needed for the total revenue made by the firm to exceed $9000000.

．
patterns exceeds 6 888.
(ii) Will the total revenue made by the firm e.a.ceed$10000000? Explain your ans吡｀
• • • • •
(iii) The manager of the firm claims that the total revenue made by the firm will exceed the total amount
of investment Do you agree? Explain your answec
• • 亡 • • • c=> • • • • c::>

77 78
9B32 HKDSE MA 2017 1-16
A city adopts a plan to import water from another city. It is given that the volume of water imported in the
1st year since the start of the plan is 1.5 x 107 m3 and in subsequent years, the volume of water imported
each year is 10% less than the volume of water imported in the previous year.
(a) Find the total volume of water imported in the first 20 years since the start of the plan.
(b) Someone claims that the total volume of water imported since the start of the plan will not exceed
1.6 x 108 m3. Do you agree? Explain your answer.

80
 9
Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences

9A General terms and summations of蕊quences (d) 7 (1) X 7(3) X T(5) X…xT(如一!)
=2¥. 21?.2¥. …· 2字
9.4..l HKCEEMA I磁1/1•/3)-T-1 I
=20.z-1.2-2..... i-<• 一I)
!Ok = r(1+:u-,.i•-Ol ,. 2千
(a) G) Commoo r:itio=一 =10
k
Oil Sum=�-坐 ,A.S HIC�EE MA 1995一「一3
10-1 9
血 10
(b) (i.) loglOk-l03k• 四一=I (a) Sum•-ll(l)+(20- l) (S-1))=780
l
k 100k 9 27
I叩IOOt-loi:」｀一1<>&-•I (b) Som ro-• 一
IQ(; 亡而 了

。Since lhc:re is 罩 common d!lferencc. it is .,, A.S.

i) Sum-� 卽oik)+(n 1)(1))
2
一nlogk+ln 一 2
一
9A.6 HK�MA I寧-l-3
（量） 4, I, -2,-5
When n 10. 100
Sum - IOloi:1:+20-2一IOlogk+ IS (b) s咖－ 一 [2(4)+(100-1)(1一4}l一 144S0
2

9A.2呔C葬MA 1984(A/B)-l-10 , A.7邯C団MA照Q -1-7

一2 b
(a)·: ---=ccmmanralk)
-2 。 <•> JOO. 1:nn 一 2+(10-1)(5 一 一
l) 29

• ab一(-2)1=4 (b} Slllll一 �-1ss

(b) a 一 b•b-( 2} ,. a一2b+2.
�Into (a): (2b十2}(b} =4 , A.8 Hl'i��M A叩}-[-7
,;+b-2=0
b一-2 (rtjcacd)«I 年 (SJ+ (n 1)(8 5)1-3汜
2
:. a一4+1•4 3n'+1n 一7缸o�o
一 151
一2 一1 n一soar—(reje毋）
(cl (I) Commonr.uioa一＝ ＿ 3
4 2
4 8
,', Sumto-- a-
3 9A.9�§MA 7,QI�- I一17
�
(ii) Thcpc嶋itivc rcnns a,e缸IS1.3rd.51h. …, oacs. (a) O,mmon cllfferenoe=4
SUm= !![2(4一S)+(n- 1)(4))一2�-3,,
:. Common ratio
4
一（子）
16
l=¼ 2
(b) N磁Iha! I呀 B( n )一A(11). Hence
,. Sumtooo- •- o&
1-¼ 3 J (B(l)B{2)8{3 ) . B的） ssooo
A( l )+A(2)+A{3)+···+A(n) S 8000
9A.3 HKCEEMA 198紅I)-B-9 2111-3n S 8000
2tr2-311-8000S o
(a) (I) Commoft diffcreoc:c• 1-2•-3 �Sn562.S
l>-lhtcnn一2+(n 1)(一3) =5-3" •• Gttaostn= 62
n
(ii,) Sum=-t2+(5-3n)]
2
( HI) Rcquln:dsum
一－
1n-6n2
2
9A..10 H嚀MhiOI� 「17
7(30)一6(30)2 S SS-666
一 7(20) 6(20)2 (a) 0,mmon difruenc:e - - 3
-146 5 38 一 1
2 2 "一[2(磁）十(n
(b)
'" 一
6nl
�<-1000
(b) 一
I)( 3)]>0
n (l335-3n) >0
2
6n2 7n-2000> 0
0<1t<�
1-,J訝薴 7+」 .. Gr<::IIC$tna444
n< ... ; u
12
n< 17.68 or n > 18.85
:. 1.c,istn = 19 ,A.11 HKDSEMA2018-l-16
一

9AA
II�
KK苧MA l? e?-I-9
I
＇
(&) Corrrnon西－
, 864
一-1.2
:,:,
:. lsttem• 宓+( 1.2)1-soo
c..i -==�11-- (b) S00 (1.2)"+SOO(l.2 )i.<SxlOM
I II ,a

(I,} T(11)
, ．一＇
一國） 尹
(1.2")2 + (l:J:')-1 XI研<0
一1000000.S < 1.2" <999999.5
I呀哼9999.S
n< 一1S.18
lo;l.2
(<) SLID 10 oo• _..!._一二
I-古(I)!一(iP
�2+.Ji :. Leu value of n is 75

302
 ．
·J,
9A.U H'l<DSEMA 2 019一1-16 9B Applications 27 4 ,B.9 Hl<CEE MA 1992-1-14
(c) (i) -P =- />(I十溱）＇

．
128 27
(a}
�<i-
Sa一18 =a1 一13a+63
一18a+81 0
9B.l HKCEEMA 1981(11213)一「一10 729
一(l+r%) 3 => l+r%=�=>「 12.S
(a) Common n>tio =一=­
, 。
a" 1b b

b 2u-b 霜 g
"" a= 9 (rep ealed) ,.,. P =7:I －＝ tr'(l- (2'f']
(a) By simibr trionf;fcs.
a孕
(ii) Q,+Q2+Q,+ … +Q10 ... Sum-
(b) First tenn =log9
Common di氐roncc = log27- log9= log3
:.
＂
-(2log9+(n- l)log3 ] > 888
2 3 b
一-
; =1-Hn
2
-=l""b•-a
=w
邲0)(1 +12.s:-) 化
½(10000)(1) (1 0.15 勺 ＝
H(t+]2.5%)] 10 )
I - 5(1+ 12.5%)
訌
=a•(�)-�-
'
, a-b a-b
戶
2 a 3 ＝ ($) 14155 (n這int) (b) (i) (I) P(I +8%)�1.0&P
1

4rrlo 3+n11og3 nlog3 > 1776

一

\ 2 1-0.75 (2) (l.08P+ t.lP)(l.08) =((1.08)2+(l.l)(l.08))P

(log3)n +(3國3)n 1776 >0 (b) (I) 82�- -b
n < -<i2.53 or n > 59.53 3 911.5 HKCEE MA I如(A/B)-i-10 (3) {[{l.08 }2+(1.l)(l.08))P+ (1.1)2P}(l.08)
= ({1.08)3+ (1.l)(J .08}2+(1.1}2(! .08) ]P
.. Thelea.stnis60. (Ii)葯-� 住） -;a I
(aJ Ti=一(3)(3)sin60" =一
9./J
(ii) Tab: a'"'LOS ond b= 1.1 .
9A-13 HKDS;t,!.A.2020 -1-16 2 4 "> Amoant
千）
5
(c) Ci) B,c, a=丑a
(b) (i) A2B 」 ,.,3x-=2, B 1 B2 .. 3x-一1 ((LOS)'+ (ll) {l.08 'r五(1 .1}2(l.08r -2
2 I

......
I ... l'Ld•aad心111,0..,.......i,.. 一邙iooflk,cq鼴… 3
U3
--J:f. t．＾磁 (ii) Sum=
4 ,
(iaf =-a·
3刁
」硒-�正-2(2)(l)�s60勺
./J
('Li) Jbllo in區訕＝一＝一
l －
1.08(1.08矗一1.1•)
漢-i.1 p
+··•+(I.I)" 1(1.0S)JP

3滔 =($)只(1.1"- 1.08")P
'•141----(1)
{"
，磁-----(1 ) 平HKCl!EMA 1982(1/213)-l-10
(a) 0) 999 = 3(333)
• Ratio in area 一（平 ./J
L
3
(c) Value orll氬al the end (I tho瓜byear= $1080000(1.15)"
Amount in account,.. $54(20000)(ll" 1.08")
(lf•<2t,
2621..
6 一｀
r 一
. Sumofullm血iplcs of 3
3(1) +3(2) +3(3) +…+3(333)
(3+999)(333�
0 166833 (c) (i)
l
l 3./J
:. T2 一 -T, =—
3 4
�s1osoooo(1.1• 1 os勺
<SI080000(1.1•)
< $1080000(1.15") -Vat. of缸
---紜1•-,t.. ,c叩er「乜154, 3
．一1
霜富

(ill Sum ofall皿Iii.pies of 4 9B.It HKCEEMA1993-l-10

b I沁••154 Soto(:!).
(II) T,, =早 G) =品
妃磁
，，241
4(1) +4{2)+···+4(250)
-·(4+ I000)(
i :2SO) • 125500 呈 一
(a) (I) Poodpdln=8+2(l) =IO (m,1.ton心）
(d) Frodp如=S+(n-1)(1) 7+n(mil.to血） 一
-一
(iii) T1 +T1+…+T,=
32
,�'iJ (b) Rcqu」red su m l I 之苧（丑） 3
25
(b) Total- -[2(8) +(2 5- 1)(1)]=500 (mil tonn曰）
2
-s叩of alli呻g,ers一SlUn In (a)
一
27」
(iv) Sum 1o - (c) (i) Popln=2(1+6%)2=22472 (mil.)
-Sum in (b)+ Sum of all multiples ol 12 8
平
__,
2
>l•lo" •
(1+1000)(1000)

•249999
2
�-166833-1:?SSOO+ (12+996)(83)
2 9B.6 Hl<CEEMA 1�ee一1-?
(ii) Popln 2(1+6%)• I =2(1.06)" I (mil.)
(d) Let ii lake n ye正
(a) Small面105, Largest: 994 (1.0斫=2 * It= 早= 1 1.896

HT•6.?S..,,..,
HiJ.. u....., 一）
(b) 128 mul � les 堢1.06
:fs :• AJ. lcas1 12 years
9B.3 HI<CEEMA l 983(A/8)- I -10
, •los (=••..
i
•>,J.3116'1941
•11
(a) Required distance 一 10+2x (1ox¾)=25 (m)
S血＝一(105+994)= 70336

(C)沁m=
盃。
一
2
(100+999) 70336=424214
(e) Al如, end oflbc lOOtbye u,
An! food pchn per cap�a=
7+100
示 =0.167<0.2

, 1--- 七l��u96 (b ) Requiredd困ance

9B.7 Hl<CEEMA 1990-J -14
:. YES.
=l0+2(1 0x¾)+2
任叨 (a) (i) G6: 16,17,18,19,3:>,21
一 9B.11 .HTCC!!!!MA阅4-I 一,,
+ .. •+2(1ox 圏） (ii) Total nam區ofintegers =1+2+3+4+5+6

0,) (i)員＾一1 =1+2+3+·· +(k I) =

k(k I}
一
21 (a) (i) No. of babies=70000(1 +2%) = 71400
(ii) No. ofbobios-70000(1 + 2%)• -70000(1.02)眞
2(10x¾ll - 2 (b) Let it happen ln the五h ycor�転1994.
= 10+ � 昞 v, k(k一I)

·
= +I 70000(1.02}* > 90000

,
位］一 2

｀
王）

，．
•10+60[1-: 70- k (m) ［（字+t)+(咢且 +t)] (k) l.02">�=> k> 旦
7 lnrl fl'I
一 ll.69

．
(ii) sum - .·It happens ln 2007.
(cl S叩tooo• 70 m l

91!.4 HKCEE MA 198S(A/BJ-l-14

=
if<(k-1)+I十船）
2
J戸
2 一
(C) No. ofyOIIIS= SO
Flrsttcnn 70000(1.02)3

(a) (I) Q1 =P(l+r%) x

�
I
3
-一
I
-P(l十改）
I
9B.8 HKCEEMA 1991一1-1'.l
(a) "3 = 0.9d, =7.2 ds• 0.9d:, = 6.48
:. Total =
iDL)
70000(1.02)'{1.02 '° I)
l.02 一 1
6282944 (=t

Gh=P(I +r%)x-x(l十r%)x- ｀心_, =0.9" 一1 d1=8·0.9" 一 1 (d} (i) Leap years: 2000. 2004, 2008, 2044
…
3 3
，
C ::po +r%)2
(b) d6 = 0.9'4 = o.g!d2 = &.I
:> No. of leap years,;:
2044-2000
+ I = 12
:. din-0.9• 1t;/: 10,0.9-•
9

4
?
3
2
3
I
(ii) Qi=尺I+沿）x::x{J+r%)x- x(l+r%) x­
3
(c) (i) d1+d3+00•+今員-1 = 即
-0.9")
1-0.9
10( 1 -0 9")
80(1 -0.9勺 一 (ii) Fl亞巨m a 70000(1 .02)6
Common ni«lo�1.02•
70000(1 證严
4

1 2一l
j

。
--P(l+r%'/
V
2
(b) C mmonraM= -(l+r%)
3
(ii) dz+4+00·+d,,
... =
一 l-0.9
(d) d,+d1+··· do+(80)+(100)= 190
=100(1 09') :. Tola!=
一 1517744 (nearest integer)

函 ｀鼻
 '
(1x)'=l-3k+k-
9B.U HKCEE MA 1997 I IO 9B.16 HKCEEMA2000- I- 14 Area ofA1B1C1 9B.23 HKCEEMA2008-I-16
(i i) Area of AoBoCo
( a) Population=300000 x (I+2%)2 = 312120 (a) Number ofseats=20+49(2)"" 118 ?4-10
( a) Common difference= -=-----z--- = 7
(b) Total numbe r of seats in the first n r ows 4k(I-k)
(b ) Let ittake n yea rs. T ota! a rea= a = I0-7=3. b=l0+7=17
300000(1 +2%/ > 330000
n
= z[2(20)+(n-1)(2)I =19n+n-
, 1 -(1-3k+k2)
v'3k(l-k) v'3(1-k) (b) (i) Tax= (P-172000) x20% =($)0.2?-34400
1.02" > 1.1
I9n+n2 ?: 2000 = 4k(3-k) = 4(3-k) (ii) 0.2?-34400 = 3QQQQ X 3%+3QQQQ X 10%
nlog1.02 > log1.1
logl.l n2 +J9n-2000�0 +30000 X 17%+ (P-172000) X 24%
4.81 n ::5 -14.28 or n?: 36.22 =9000+0 24P- 62880
n> logl 02 = ·. Seat2000 is in the 37th row.
: . After 5 yea rs, i.e. at the e nd of 2001. => 19480 = 0.04P => P = 487000
9B.21 HKCEE MA2004 I - 15 Hence, the least net total i ncome is $487000.
9B.17 HKCEEMA2001-I-12 (a) (i) Perimeter=8+(10-1)(4)=44(cm) 23000(1+�)[(1+�) 12 - I]
9B.13 HKCEEMA1997 I 15 (a) (i) Perimete r =l0+39(1)=49(cm) (ii) Letn frames can be formed. (c) Total am ount inbank
(l+fq-)-1
(i0+49 l( 40)

iIiI�I
(a) (i) Tablel (ii) Sum 1180 (cm) ;[2(8) + (n-1)(4)] ::5 1000 = ($)280526.37
-
2 !On+lii2S!000 Tax payable= (1400000- 172000) x 20%
(b) (i)
Areaof F2
=(
Per imeterofF2 )' n1+5n-500S0 = ($)245600 < ($)280526 37
l
2 2
Area of F1 Perimeter of Ft -25SnS20 :. He w i ll have enough.
(ii) Totalarea=£2+3Gf+9(�) +21({,)
2
- 20 fr ames ca n be fom1ed.
Ar eaofF2=4x (�) =4.84(cm2)
(b) (i) Vol of Si: Vol of S2: Vol of S3
820 g2 = (Peri of S1 : Peri of S2; Peri of S3)3
=
729
2 2
(ii} Area of F3 = 4 x �
(Pl' = 5.76 (cm ) 2
=(8: 12: 16)3 = 8: 27: 81 9B.24 HKCEEMA2009-I- 15
(iii) k=t2+3(�) +9(:r+21({, ) +... 4.84-4=0.84 Since 8; 27 ,f=.27: 81, ht e volumes do not form aG.S.
(a) ( i) Fare=30+
x-2
x2.4=($)6+12x

-(v;)1
5.76-4.84 =0.92 #- 0.84 ( ii) ForS1, Diagofbase=-lzI+zi"=v8(c m ) Q.2
e2 e2 e2 They do not form anAS. (ii) The fare willbe 6+ 2y, wherey i s th e least multiple
=e2+ + + +--
3 9 27 Hei gbt=J52 =v'TI( c m) of 0.2 which is --
la rger than x.
=_£__=�e2 9B.18 HKCEEMA?001 I 14 :. NO.
I-¼ 2 (b) !OOO(l+r%)4+1000(l+r%)3 l ? 4v'TI ( b) Fare =6+ 12(3.2) = ( $)44.4
Volume= (2)-(v'TI) = __ (c m3 )
(b) (i) Table2��=�=�= +1000(1+r%) 2+ 1000(1+r%) = 5000 3 3 (c) In the city, a taxi is hired for 99 journeys. The1st journey
l4£j6£l8ej10ej ..woo{l+r%)[(l+r%) 4 -l] 4 27
=..sootr Vol ofS3 = -,/23 - � = ,/23 (cm3) cove rs a distanc e of3.l km. Startingfrom th e2nd journey,
f ,.= 4l+(n-l)(U) =U+Un,
(ii) Perimeter o B (l+r%)-1 3 8 2 t he distance coveredby each journey is 0.5 km longer than
which becomes infin itelylarge! (l+r%)5 -(I+r%) =5(l+r%)-5 th at coveredby theprevious journey. The taxi dr iver cla i m s
(1 +r%)5 - 6(1+r%)+5 =0 that the tot al taxi fare will not exce ed $33000. Is the claim
By(a). I +r% = 1.091 9B.22 HKCEE MA2005 I 16 correct? Explain your answer.
9B.14 HKCEEMA1998-I-13
r= 9.l
(a) A2B2 =�= IO (cm) (a) (i) Interest =200000 ( I + :� )-200000
3 30 9B.19 HKCEEMA2002-I-13 = 200000(1 .005 - I) = (SJ1000
(b) A2A3 = (10) = 7 (cm)
3+4 1 . v'3 � ( ii) Amtow ed = $(201000-x) 9B.25 HKCEEMA2010-l-17
30 (a) A er a= z(I)(l)sm60" = 4(m-J
:. AzA3:A1A1=7:6=5:1 (iii) Amount owed afte r 2nd instalment (a) (i) Rotate B a bout A anticlockwise through 90°
v'3 I = [200000(1.005)-x](l.005)-x
(c) Total dist=A1A2+A:zA3+A;i,¾+. (b) A er aofsma!ID. = v'3 x (')' = = 200000(1.005) -x(l.005 + 1)
=> D=(-6,8)
-6+8 8+6
2
<--5 =-1(cm )
T 3 T g .
Centre=tmd•ptofBD= ( - -, ) =(1,7)
6 '
1- , v'3 v'3 I Amount owed after 3r d inst alment 2 """""z""
To tal area= 4+4 · = [200000(1.005)2-x(l.005+ 1)](1.005)- x
g (ii) Radius=-J( 8-I)1+(6-7)i=,/so
5v = 200000(1.005)3-x(l.0052+LOOS+ I)
= v'3. � = '3 ( m 2) . Amount owed afte r nth instalment l �
9B.15 HKCEEMA 1999 I- 17 4 9 18 (b) (i) RadiusofcitcleA1B1CD 1 1 = AB= =5
(a) 500000(l -r%)11 = 254400
1- r% = 0.949999986 => r = 5 (nrst i nt.) (c) Total area= v'3+ v'3 · ! + (,/3 ·
4 4 9 4
!) · !
9 9
+--
= 200000(I.005l
1 n 2
-x(l.005"- + 1.005 - + +1.005 +I) ··
Area of citcleA181C1D1
Area of circleABCD
z �

= 200000(1.005?-x
(1005"-I) ' 2= !
(b) (i) Total income Radius ofcircleA181C1D1 2
= 500000+500000(1-5%) +500000(1-5%)2 = J/} = 9,/3(m2) ;_005_1 ( ) = (- -)
+···+500000( 1-5%) 11 1-! 32 = ($)200000(1.00S)"-200x[{I.005l-I] Radius of circle ABCD ,/so
(ii) Shade d are abetween sq.ABCD a nd cl.A1B1C1D 1
2

500000(1-0.95 12) (b ) (i) Letthelastinsta!m entbe the(n+l)st one.

9B.20 HKCEE MA 2003- I-!5 =10 -n(5) = l00-25n-
2 2
($)4596399 200000(1.005}" -200(1800)(1.oosn -1) < 1800
1-0.95 . . Tolal sha ded area
Tot al cos t 2000(1.005)" - 3600(1.005)" +3600 < 18 I00-25n- 100-25,r
(a) (i) Ar e a=½(k)( l-k) sin60 = :!J.k(l-k) (m2)
°
1600(1.005)" > 3582 = (100-25,r)+ - +
= ¥[2(400000)+(12- 1)(-20000)] 2 �
(ii) x= -J.t...!.+(l-k)i-2(k)(l-k)c os60 ° 1.005" > 2.23875 . . 100-25,r
= ($)3480000 < ($)4596399 n > log2 23875 + +�
Hence, there i s still aprofit. = JI- 2k+2k1- (k-k2)= v'I-3k+k2
l og 1.005 (100-25n-)[1-(½) ] 1°

(ii) 300000k > 3480000 (iii) M1BoB1 � 6B1CoC1 � D.C1AoA1 42 87845

=161.586 1-½
A1B1 =B1C1 =C1A1 : The last instalment is the I 62nd one.
2
-�[2(400000)+(k-l)(-20000)]+10000 b)
( (i) In M1BoB1 and M2B1B2, = 42.87845
(ii) 200000(1.005)" -200(900)(1.005" - l) < 900 = 0.27297
300000k > 1480000-410000k+10000.t2 A1Bo I -k p x(,/50)2
(given) 200(1.005)" < -1791 which is indeed be t ween 0.2 an d 0.3.
O>k2- 7lk+348 B0B1 k wh ich has no solution.
5.2965 < k < 65.7035 A2B 1 1-k Hence the design is g oo d.
= (given) i.e. Peter cannot fully repay the loan with x = 900.
The projec t will last for 5 month s. B1B2 k
LBo = LB 1 60° (p o r rty o fequil. 6)
.6A1B0B1 ~ .6A2B1B2 (rat io of2 sides, inc. L)

306
9B.26 HKCEE MA 20ll I 15 - (iii) Inn years, total revenue
2000000(1 0.8") 9B.30 HKDSE MA 2013 - I-19
(,) 4 5 6 7 1 0.8 (a) (i) Total floorarea 9 x 106 (1 +r%)-3 x HP
= I 0000000(1 0.8") = 9 x 106 +9rx 104 -3 x 105
5 6 7 8 40000 ( 0.64")
Total investment= i� � - � =(870+9r) x ID4 (m2 )
4
6 7 8 9 1000 0000 1 " (ii) [9x106 (1+r%)-3x!05 ](l+r%)
7 8 9 IO ; ( 0 64 ) -3x 105 = l.026x 107
(b) The 1st row contains: 99, 100•. .. (99 integers). Total revenue -Total investment 150(1+r%}2 5(1+r%)-176 =0
99 = lOOO OOO 11 -16
* Sum= 2[2(99) +98 x l] =14652 ; [9(1 0.8")- IO(l 0.64n)] l+r%= or
w 15
(rej)
r= IO
(c) Sum of all integers in the 2nd row = 1000 0000[10 (0.82y - 9(0.8'')- I]
= Sum of all integers in the 1st row+99 9 (b) (j) Required area
Sum of al! integers in the 3rd row O = 9 x 106(1.l)n-l - 3 X HP{l.1)"-11 2
= lO Os°°OO[I0(0.8")2 9(0.8")- I] -3xHP(J.1) 3 " 3xI05
= Sum ofa!! integers in the 1st row+99 x 2
= 9 x 106(1.1)"-1 -3 x HP. (I.It-! - l
-

Similarly, sum of all integer s in the ith row

= Sum of all integers in the 1st row+99 x (i 1) � lO� [10(0.8") +111(0 8")- I] l.l-l
Sum of all integers <0 (': 0.8n <lforanyn>0) = 9 X 106(1.1)"-! - 3 X J06(1.1"-J 1)
= Sum of all integers in the 1st row x 99 Hence, Tot al revenue<Total investment
= [6(1;1)" l +3] x 106 (m2)
+(99+99x2+ +99x98) (ii) [6(1.l)" 1+3]xl06 >4xI07
Thus the claim is disagreed.
( +93 93) 1.111-1 > �
1465? X 99+99 X I )(
2 lo
: 1930;97 n-1 > g-f =? n>20.0867
(ct) Inthekthtable, lstrow: k,k+l, ... ,k+(k 1) log l.l
[k+ (2k- l)](k) (3k- !)k :. Atlheend oftbe21styear.
=> Sum= a(l.21) 1 +b = l x 107
2 2
Sum of all integers {
(c) a(1.21)2+b= t.063 x ro7
(3k- l) (k) 9B.29 HKDSEMA2012-I- 19
� -- xk+[k+2k+3k+· +(k- l)k] => (1.464J 1.21)a= (J.063-1) X 107
2 ab2 254100
= (3k-1)k1 +kx [l+(k-l)](k-1) (a) (i) { 4 3x 108
ab = 307461 =? a= ⇒ b=7xl06
2 2 �
(3k- l)k1 k1(k-1) b2 307461 If the claim happens at the end of the nth year,
� -- -- + -----y--
2 =;- = 254100 =;- b = 1.1 => a= 2(4 )
210000
3xI08
[6(1. 1)n-l +3] X 106 > �(1.21)"+7 X J06
_ k2(3k l +k-1) Required wei ght= (210000)(1.1)
k2(2k-1 ), which must be odd. = 450000 (tonnes, 3 s.f.) 6(1.1") 300
2 +3 > (1.1")2+7
:. NO. ZIOOOO(Ll):[(l.12)" l] 1.1 121
(ii) Total weight= 300(1.1") 2 -660(1.1") +484 <0
l.l--1
= 1210000(1.21" - 1) (tonnes) Since the inequality has no solution, the claimis wrong.
(b) (i) Inthemthyear,n=m+4.
9B.27 HKDSEMASP I-15 Then, A(m+4) = ab2(m+4) andB(m) = 2ab2n 9B.31 HKDSEMA?014 I-16
A(m+4) ab2mb8
Let there be n rows. =} 7 (;J = lab" ;[2{3)+{m- 1)(2)] >6888
' -
i[2(12)+ (n- 1)(3 )] S 930 m(2+m) >6888
n(2l +3n) S 930 x 2 =�b"'
2 m2 +2m- 6888 >0
n +7n 620S0 = 1.072{1.l)"' >1 (m+84)(m 82) >0
2

-28.64 Sn S 21.64 A(m+4) > B(m), and th e claim is agreed. m <-84 (rejected) or m > 82
:. Greatestnumberofrowsis21. (ii) Tota! weight by Y in the fist n 4 years :. Least value of m is 83.
_ 2(210000)(1.1)(1.F 4 1)
1.1-1 9B.32 HKDSE MA 2017 I 16
= 4620000(1.l"-4 1)
1·5 x l07 (l -0.920 l
9B.28 HKDSE MA PP I 19 1210000(1.21" J) (a) Total volume 131763501 8 (m3 )
(a) 4000000(1 - r%)3 = 1048576 +4620000(1.I"-4 1) > 20000000 1-0.9
l -r%=0.64 => r=36
(b) (i) Let n be the number of years.
121[(1.1")2 t]+462 c:;: _ {) >2000 (b) Total volume<
1.5 x 10
1-0.9
7

177.1561[(1.1")2- l] +462 (1.1" -1.4641) > 2928.2 = l.5x 107< I.6x 10s
2000000 +2000000(0.8)+
+ •·+2000000(0.8f-1 > 9000000 177.1561 (I. 1"}2 +462(1.1") - 3781.7703 > 0 :. The claim is agreed.
1 - 0.8" 9000000 1.1" < 6.1047 (rejected) or J.J" > 3.4968
--->--- log3.4968
! 0.8 2000000 n > logLl = 13.13
0.8" >0.1
nlog0.8 > log0.l : . The 14thyearsincethest anofX.
log0.1
n > log0 8 = 10. 3 I 9
.·. T he least number ofyears is 11.
2000000
(ii) Total revenue< = 10000000
1 0.8
: No.

308