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    Unification

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    divyadrishti62

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    Unification

    Uploaded by

    divyadrishti62
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    2 views2 pages

    Unification

    Uploaded by

    divyadrishti62

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Nationalism in Europe

    The Making of Germany and Italy


    After 1848, nationalism in Europe moved away from its
    association with democracy and revolution.
     Nationalist feeling was widespread among the middle-class
    Germans who in 1848 tried to unite the different religions
    of the German confederation into a nation state governed
    by an elected parliament.
     This liberal initiative was repressed by the combined forces
    of the monarchy and the military, supported by the large
    landlords called junkers of Prussia.
     The chief minister Otto Von Bismark, was the architect of
    the process carried by this process carried out by the help
    of the Prussian army. Three wars were held in the span of
    seven years- with France, Italy and Austria-ended in
    Prussian victory .and completed the process of unification.
     In 1871, Willian I was proclaimed as the emperor of
    Germany in a ceremony held at Versailles.
     On 18 January 1871 a meeting was called in in the hall of
    mirrors in Versailles comprising of the prince of the German
    states, representatives of the army and the important
    Prussian minister including Otto Von Bismarck
     The new state emphasizes on modernizing the currency,
    banking, legal and judiciary systems in Germany.
    Unification of Italy
     Italians were scatter over several dynastic states as well as
    the multi-national Habsburg Empire. During the middle of
    the nineteenth century, Italy was divided into seven states,
    of which only one Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian
    princely house.
     The north was under Austrian Habsburgs , the center was
    under the pope and the southern was under the
    domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain.
     During the 1830s. Giuseppe Mazzini had sought to put
    together a coherent program for the unitary Italian
    republic. He also formed a secret society called ‘Young
    Italy’.
     Chief minister Cavour was neither a revolutionary nor a
    democrat. He defeated Austrian forces in 1859.
     Giuseppe Mazzini joined the fray in 1860, they marched to
    the south Italy and the kingdom of the two Sicillies and
    successes in winning the support of the local peasants in
    order to drive out the Spanish rulers.
     The peasants masses who had supported the Garabaldi in
    the southern Italy and never heard of Ialia, and believe that
    ‘La Talia’ was victor Emmaunuel’s wife

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