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Mod3 Cat1

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22 views9 pages

Mod3 Cat1

Uploaded by

harinee j
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image Segmentation

Definition
• Image segmentation refers to the process of partitioning an image
into groups of pixels which are homogeneous with respect to some
criterion.
• The result of segmentation is the splitting up of the image into
connected areas.
• Thus segmentation is concerned with dividing an image into
meaningful regions.
Segmentation - Examples
Types
• Image segmentation can be broadly classified into two types: (i) local
segmentation, and (ii) global segmentation.
• Local segmentation deals with segmenting sub-images which are
small windows on a whole image.
• Global segmentation is concerned with segmenting a whole image.
• Global segmentation deals mostly with segments consisting of a
relatively large number of pixels.
IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON
THRESHOLDING
• Thresholding techniques produce segments having pixels with similar
intensities.
• Thresholding is a useful technique for establishing boundaries in
images that contain solid objects resting on a contrasting background.
• The thresholding technique requires that an object has homogenous
intensity and a background with a different intensity level.
• Such an image can be segmented into two regions by simple
thresholding.
Global Thresholding
• In thresholding, pixels having intensity lower than the threshold T are
set to zero and the pixels having intensity greater than the threshold
are set to 255
• This type of hard thresholding allows us to obtain a binary image
from a grayscale image.
Histogram based Thresholding
• An image containing an object on a contrasting background has a
bimodal gray-level histogram.
• The two peaks correspond to the relatively large number of points
inside and outside the object.
• The dip between the peaks corresponds to the relatively few points
around the edge of the object.
• This dip is commonly used to establish the threshold gray level.
Histogram based Thresholding
Adaptive Thresholding
• Adaptive thresholding changes the threshold dynamically over the
image.

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