Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

III Year II Semester

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS – II

Course Category Professional Core Course Code 20ME6T19

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Prerequisites Design of machine
Internal Assessment 30
members-I and
Semester End Examination 70
Kinematicsof
Total Marks 100
Machinery.

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To gain knowledge about various bearings and design procedure of journal, ball and roller
1
bearings.
To learn about design and analysis of the engine parts such as cylinder, piston, connecting rod and
2
crankshaft.
To impact knowledge on design and analysis of power screws and Stresses applied in different
3
types of beams
Learn to design the mechanical systems for power transmission elements such as belts, chain drives
4
and wire ropes.
5 To steps involved in the design procedure of spur and helical gears.
COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Identify suitable bearing based on the application of the loads and predict the life of K3
CO1
the bearing.
CO2 Design the engine parts such as cylinder, piston, connecting rod and crankshaft K4
Design of power screws subjected to loading and stresses applied in different types K4
CO3
of beams.
Analyze power transmission efficiencies through belts, chains, pulleys and wire K4
CO4
ropes.
CO5 Select the appropriate gear for the given operating conditions. K3

K1: Remember, K2: Understand, K3: Apply, K4: Analyze, K5: Evaluate, K6: Create.

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program

Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 2 1 3 1 - - - 3 - - - - 1 -
CO2 2 2 3 1 - - - 3 - - - - 1 -
CO3 2 2 3 2 - - - 3 - - - - 1 -
CO4 2 1 3 2 - - - 3 - - - - 1 -
CO5 2 1 3 2 - - - 3 - - - - 1 -

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I
BEARINGS: Classification of bearings, applications, types of journal bearings, lubrication, bearing
modulus, full and partial bearings, clearance ratio, heat dissipation of bearings, bearing materials, design
of journal bearing, ball and roller bearings, static loading of ball & roller bearings, bearing life.
 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

UNIT II
ENGINE PARTS: IC Engine Construction, design of cylinder, cylinder block, piston, connecting rod,
cranks and crank shafts - centre and over hung cranks.

UNIT III
DESIGN OF POWER SCREWS: Types of screws – Square, ACME, Buttress, design of screw, nut, and
compound screw, design of lead screw and screw Jack.
DESIGN OF CURVED BEAMS: Stresses in curved beams, Expression for radius of neutral axis for
rectangular,circular, trapezoidal and T-Section, design of crane hooks and C –clamps.

UNIT IV
POWER TRANSMISSIONS SYSTEMS: Types of belts – flat, V-Vee type and Rope, materials,
transmission of power by belt and rope drives, transmission efficiencies, design of belt, design of pulleys
for belt, types of chains, types of chains drives and design of chain drive.
WIRE ROPES: Construction, Designation, Stresses in wire ropes, rope sheaves and drums and design of
wire rope.

UNIT V
GEAR DRIVES: Types of gears - Spur and Helical, nomenclature of gear, load concentration factor,
dynamic load factor, surface compressive strength, bending strength, estimation of centre distance, module
and face width, design of spur gear and helical gear, check for plastic deformation, check for dynamic and
wear considerations.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Design of Machine Elements by V.Bandari/ Tata McGraw Hill education.
2. Machine Design by T.V. Sundararajamoorthy & N. Shanmugam/ Anuradha Publications.
3. A Text Book of Machine Design by S.Md.Jalaludeen/ Anuradha Publications.
DATA BOOKS (Allowed in Examinations)
1. Machine Design Data Book by S.Md.Jalaludeen/ Anuradha Publications.
2. Design Data Book by PSG College of Technology.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Mechanical Engineering Design by Shigley’s / Richard Budynas & Keith Nisbett /Tata McGraw
Hill education.
2. Machine design an Integrated Approach by Robert L. Norton/ Person Education Limited.
3. Machine design by R.S.Khurmi/ S.Chand.
WEB RESOURCES
1. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112102015/28
2. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112104203/31
 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

III Year II Semester

HEAT TRANSFER

Course Category Professional Core Course Code 20ME6T20

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Prerequisites Thermodynamics Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To understand the basic differential equations of heat transfer in various modes.
2 To learn the heat transfer and temperature distribution of various fins.
To know how to use the empirical correlations for both forced and free convection to determine
3
values for the convection heat transfer coefficient.
4 To understand the boiling, condensation and the concepts of LMTD, NTU for heat exchangers.
5 To learn the concepts of radiation heat transfer.
COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Analyze the basic Heat transfer concepts and their physical relevance in planes, K4
CO1
cylinders and spherical components.
CO2 Analyze the system with fins and 1D transient conduction heat transfer problems. K4
CO3 Apply fundamental concepts and principles in Convective Heat transfer K3
Analyze the performance of heat exchanger using LMTD and NTU method and heat K4
CO4
transfer with phase change.
CO5 Analyze radiation heat transfer from an ideal & real surface K4
K1: Remember, K2: Understand, K3: Apply, K4: Analyze, K5: Evaluate, K6: Create.
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program
Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 2 3 - - - - - - - - - - 2 -
CO2 1 3 1 - - - - - - - - - 1 -
CO3 2 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - 2 -
CO4 2 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - 2 -
CO5 1 2 1 - - - - - - - - - 1 -

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I
Conduction Heat Transfer and governing laws
Introduction: Modes and mechanisms of heat transfer - Basic laws of heat transfer -General discussion
about applications of heat transfer.
Conduction Heat Transfer: Fourier rate equation - General heat conduction equation in Cartesian,
Cylindrical and Spherical coordinates - steady, unsteady and periodic heat transfer - Initial and boundary
conditions.
One Dimensional Steady State Conduction Heat Transfer: Homogeneous slabs, hollow cylinders and
spheres- Composite systems- overall heat transfer coefficient - Electrical analogy - Critical radius of
insulation
 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

UNIT II
Extended surface & Transient Conduction Heat Transfer
One Dimensional Steady State Conduction Heat Transfer: Extended surface (fins) Heat Transfer - Long
Fin, Fin with insulated tip and Short Fin.
One Dimensional Transient Conduction Heat Transfer: Systems with negligible internal resistance -
Significance of Biot and Fourier Numbers -Infinite bodies- Chart solutions of transient conduction
systems- Concept of Semi infinite body

UNIT III
Forced & Free Convection
Forced convection: External Flows: Concepts about hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer and use of
empirical correlations for convective heat transfer -Flat plates and Cylinders - Significance of non-
dimensional numbers. Internal Flows: Concepts about Hydrodynamic and Thermal Entry Lengths -
Division of internal flow based on this -Use of empirical relations for Horizontal Pipe Flow and annulus
flow.
Free Convection: Development of Hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer along a vertical plate - Use
of empirical relations for Vertical plates and pipes.

UNIT IV
Heat Exchangers & Heat Transfer with Phase Change
Heat Exchangers: Classification of heat exchangers - overall heat transfer Coefficient and fouling factor -
Concepts of LMTD and NTU methods - Problems using LMTD and NTU methods.
Heat Transfer with Phase Change: Boiling- Pool boiling - Regimes - Calculations on Nucleate boiling,
Critical Heat flux and Film boiling. Condensation - Film wise and drop wise condensation -Nusselt’s
Theory of Condensation on a vertical plate - Film condensation on vertical and horizontal cylinders using
empirical correlations.

UNIT V
Radiation Heat Transfer
Radiation Heat Transfer: Emission characteristics and laws of black-body radiation - Irradiation - total and
monochromatic quantities - laws of Planck, Wien, Kirchoff, Lambert, Stefan and Boltzmann- heat
exchange between two black bodies - concepts of shape factor - Emissivity - heat exchange between grey
bodies - radiation shields - electrical analogy for radiation networks.
Mass Transfer
Basic Concepts – Diffusion Mass Transfer – Fick’s Law of Diffusion – Steady state Molecular Diffusion –
Convective Mass Transfer – Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer Analogy –Convective Mass Transfer
Correlations.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Heat and Mass Transfer by R.K.Rajput, S.Chand Publications 3rd Edition.
2. Fundamentals of Engineering Heat and Mass Transfer — R.C. Sachdeva - New Age Intl.
Publishers 2ndEdition, 2005.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Heat and Mass Transfer- P.K.Nag-TMH 2nd Edition, 2007.
2. Heat transfer - J.P.Holman, Tata McGraw-Hill, 9th Edition, 2010.
DATA HAND BOOK
1. Heat and Mass Transfer Data Book, C.P. Kothandaraman and Subramanian New Age International
Publications, 9 h Edition, Reprint 2012.
WEB RESOURCES
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112/105/112105271/
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112/108/112108246/
 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

III B Tech II Semester

INTRODUCTION TO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING

Course Category Open Elective Course Code 20AM6T03

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Prerequisites Internal Assessment 30
Semester End 70
Examination Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The student will:
Identify problems that are amenable to solution by AI methods, and which ML
1
methods may be suited to solving a given problem
Formalize a given problem in the language/framework of different AI methods
2 (e.g., as asearch problem, as a constraint satisfaction problem, as a planning
problem, as a Markov decision process, etc).

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Explain the fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence. K1
CO2 Demonstrate on various various Techniques of Problem Solving. K2
Analyze the Knowledge representation Methods.
CO3 K3
Learn about Machine Learning.
CO4 Illustrate about various Statistical Learning Methods. K4
CO5 Discuss about Supervised Learning and Linear Methods. K5
K1: Remember, K2: Understand, K3: Apply, K4: Analyze, K5: Evaluate, K6: Create.

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 –Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 3 3 2 2 1 1 - - - - - 2 1 -
CO2 2 3 1 1 1 - - - - - - 1 1 1
CO3 2 3 1 1 1 - - - - - - 1 1 1
CO4 2 3 1 2 1 - - - - - - 1 1 1
CO5 2 3 1 1 1 - - - - - - 1 1 1

COURSE CONTENT
Introduction- What Is AI? The Foundations of Artificial Intelligence, The History of Artificial
UNIT-I Intelligence, The State of the Art, Agents and Environments, Good Behavior: The Concept of
Rationality, The Nature of Environments, The Structure of Agents.
Problem Solving: Problem-Solving Agents, Example Problems, Searching for Solutions,
UNIT-II Uninformed Search Strategies, Informed (Heuristic) Search Strategies, Local Search Algorithms
and Optimization Problems, Searching with Nondeterministic Actions.
Knowledge Representation: Knowledge-Based Agents, Logic, Propositional Logic: A Very
SimpleLogic, Ontological Engineering, Categories and Objects.
UNIT-III
Introduction- Machine Learning, Deep learning, Types of Machine Learning Systems, Main
Challenges of Machine Learning.
 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

Statistical Learning: Introduction, Supervised and Unsupervised Learning, Training and Test
UNIT-IV Loss, Tradeoffs in Statistical Learning, Estimating Risk Statistics, Sampling distribution of an
estimator, Empirical Risk Minimization.
Supervised Learning: (Regression/Classification): Basic Methods: Distance based Methods,
Nearest Neighbours, Decision Trees, Naive Bayes,
UNIT-V
Linear Models: Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Generalized Linear Models, Support
VectorMachines.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, ―Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach‖, 3rd Edition, Pearson,
2010.
2. “Machine Learning”, Tom M. Mitchell, Tata Mc – Graw Hill Publications, 2nd Edition, 2021.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. SarojKaushik, ―Artificial Intelligence‖, Cengage Learning India, 2011
2. Machine Learning Probabilistic Approach, Kevin P. Murphy, MIT Press, 2012.
WEB RESOURCES:
1 https:// https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21-cs24/preview
 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

III Year II Semester

OPERATIONS RESEARCH

Course Category Professional Elective Course Code 20ME6T21

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Prerequisites NIL Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 Applications of operations research through LPP.
2 Formulation of objective function through transportation and assignment problems.
3 How to sequence the jobs and machines while processing and Replacement of machine/equipment.
4 The applications of waiting line problems and operations research through DPP.
5 Deterministic and stochastic models.
COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Formulate the objective function by linear programming problem and solution
CO1 K3
through various models.
Evaluate optimal solutions to the objective function with the knowledge of
CO2 K3
transportation and assignment problems.
CO3 Apply the sequencing of the jobs on a machine and items replacements K4
CO4 Apply the principle of dynamic programming and service rate. K3
CO5 Apply the inventory models in balancing the stock and demand ratio for profits K3
K1: Remember, K2: Understand, K3: Apply, K4: Analyze, K5: Evaluate, K6: Create.

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program

Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 3 3 3 2 3 - - - - - 3 - 3 1
CO2 3 3 3 1 3 - - - - - 3 - 3 1
CO3 3 3 3 1 3 - - - - - 3 - 3 1
CO4 3 3 3 2 3 - - - - - 3 - 3 2
CO5 3 3 3 1 3 - - - - - 3 - 3 2

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I
INTRODUCTION: Development – definition– characteristics and phases – types of operation research
models – applications.
ALLOCATION: Linear programming problem formulation – graphical solution – simplex method –
artificial variables techniques -two–phase method, big-M method – duality principle

UNIT II
TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM: Formulation – optimal solution, unbalanced transportation problem
– degeneracy,
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM – formulation – optimal solution - variants of assignment problem-
travelling salesman problem.
 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

UNIT III
SEQUENCING – Introduction – flow –shop sequencing –n jobs through two machines – n jobs through
three machines – job shop sequencing – two jobs through ‘m’ machines.
REPLACEMENT: Introduction – replacement of items that deteriorate with time – when money value is
not counted and counted – replacement of items that fail completely, group replacement.

UNIT IV
WAITING LINES: Introduction – single channel – poison arrivals –exponential service times – with
infinite population and finite population models– multichannel – poison arrivals – exponential service
times with infinite population single channel poison arrivals.
DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING: Introduction – Bellman’s principle of optimality – applications of
dynamic programming- capital budgeting problem – shortest path problem – linear programming problem.

UNIT V
INVENTORY: Introduction – single item – deterministic models –purchase inventory models with one
price break and multiple price breaks – shortages are not allowed – stochastic models – demand may be
discrete variable or continuous variable – instantaneous production. Instantaneous demand and continuous
demand and no set up cost. ABC & VED Analysis.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Operations Research / S.D.Sharma-Kedarnath
2. Operations Research/S Kalavathy / Vikas Publishers
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Operations Research / A.M.Natarajan, P. Balasubramani, A.Tamilarasi / Pearson Education.
2. Operations Research / R.Pannerselvam,PHI Publications.
3. Operations Research / Wagner/ PHI Publications.
4. Operations Research / DS Cheema/University Science Press
5. Operations Research / Ravindran, Philips, Solberg / Wiley publishers.
WEB RESOURCES
1. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/12/fundamentals-of-operations-research.html
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/110106062
Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

III Year II Semester

SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS

Course Category Open Elective Course Code 20EC6T26

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Prerequisites NIL Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES: By studying this course the student will learn

1 The principle of various Transducers and their construction
2 The transducer construction, classification, principle of operation and characteristics
3 About transducers for measurement of physical parameters
4 Temperature measurement using transducers
5 Applications and principles of operation, standards and units of measurements

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Discuss role of transducers and Sensor in instrumentation K1
Descriptive view for the transducer construction, classification, principle of
CO2 K2
operation and characteristics.
Gain knowledge about transducers for measurement of displacement,
CO3 strain, velocity, analyze transducers for measurement of pressure, force and K3
flow
CO4 Analyze transducers for measurement of Temperature K4
CO5 Analyze sensors used in industrial applications K4
K1: Remember, K2: Understand, K3: Apply, K4: Analyze, K5: Evaluate, K6: Create.
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program
Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 1 2 2 - 1 - - - - - - -
CO2 1 2 2 - 1 - - - - - - -
CO3 2 2 2 - 2 - - - - - - -
CO4 2 3 2 - 2 - - - - - - -
CO5 3 3 3 - 2 - - - - - - -

COURSE CONTENT
Introduction: Functional elements of an instrument, generalized performance
characteristics of instruments – static characteristics, dynamic characteristics. Zero
UNIT I order, first order, second order instruments – step response, ramp response and
impulse response. Response of general form of instruments to periodic input and to
transient input
Transducers for motion and dimensional measurements: Relative displacement,
translation and rotational resistive potentiometers, resistance strain gauges, LVDT,
UNIT II synchros, capacitance transducers, Piezo-electric transducers, electro-optical devices,
nozzle – flapper transducers, digital displacement transducers, ultrasonic transducers,
Gyroscopic sensors
Department of Mechanical Engineering, PEC R20

Transducers For Force Measurement: Bonded strain gauge transducers, Photo-

electric transducers, variable reluctance pickup, torque measurement dynamometers.
Transducers For Flow Measurement: Hot wire and hot-film anemometers, Electro-
UNIT III
magnetic flow meters, laser Doppler velocity meter
Transducers For Pressure Measurement: Manometers, elastic transducers, liquid
systems, gas systems, very high pressure transducers.
Transducers For Temperature Measurement: Thermal expansion methods,
Thermometers (liquid in glass), pressure thermometers, Thermocouples, Materials
configuration and techniques. Resistance thermometers, Thermistors, junction
UNIT IV
semiconductors, Sensors, Radiation methods, Optical pyrometers, Dynamic response
of temperature sensors heat flux Sensors, Transducers for liquid level measurement,
humidity, silicon and quartz sensors, fiber optic sensors.
Smart sensors: Introduction – Primary Sensors – Excitation – Amplification – Filters
– Converters – Compensation– Information Coding/Processing - Data Communication
– Standards for Smart Sensor Interface – The Automation Sensors –Applications:
UNIT V
Introduction – On-board Automobile Sensors (Automotive Sensors)– Home
Appliance Sensors – Aerospace Sensors –– Sensors for Manufacturing –Sensors for
Environmental Monitoring

TEXT BOOKS
1. Sensors and Transducers, D. Paranaiba, PHI Learning Private Limited.
2. Mechatronics, W. Bolton, Pearson Education Limited.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Transducers and Instrumentation, by D.V.S. Murthy (PHI)
2. Instrumentation Measurement & Analysis, by B.C. Nakra, K.K. Choudry, (TMH)
WEB RESOURCES
1. https://youtu.be/hv-aBonZMRQ
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qSa3GNjIyy0