Pumps
Pumps
Why centrifugal pumps ? : The centrifugal pump has for many years been the most suitable pump
onboard chemical tankers where a high pumping capacity is the most important factor. The size
and cost of such a pump does not increase in proportion with the throughput, as it is not a positive
displacement pump. It requires either the provision of ancillary self-priming equipment for the
removal of air in the system or a separate stripping system.
During operations consideration must be given to the prevailing suction and discharge conditions
in relation to the pumps performance characteristics. This is particularly important when operating
cargo pumps where the rated capacity is achieved at a relatively high total head. Operation of
these pumps with a low total head can grossly exceed the pumps rated capacity and cause
excessive liquid velocities in piping systems.
centrifugal pump
Fig: Centrifugal pump
Discharge Valves
Control of a centrifugal pump can be achieved by either adjusting the pump discharge valve and/or
restricting the pump speed. The discharge control valve has three main functions:-
They can be used to regulate pumping rates in variable and constant speed pumps and also to
prevent overloading in constant speed pumps.
They can be used in conjunction with self priming systems to provide a self priming capability in
centrifugal pumps.
They can be used to reduce the throughput of a pump, and so reduce the Nett Positive Suction
Head required.
Self Priming
Centrifugal pumps can be made self-priming if air or gas is removed from the liquid being
pumped before it enters the pump suction. The discharge valve on the pump performs as important
function during this process by matching the discharge rate of the pump to the natural flow of
liquid to the pump suction. The sequence of events is:
Discharge commences, pump and separator fill with oil.
Vacuum pump and valve in gas extraction line are shut-off by float switch in pump separator.
Discharge valve is fully open, the control system reacting to separator level.
Tank level falls to point where separator level begins to fall causing the vacuum pump to start to
extract the gases filling the top of the separator preventing cavitation. The extracted gases are
vented to a slop tank.
As the separator level falls, the control system partly closes the discharge valve on the pump to
reduce the output of the pump.
In this way the discharge and stripping operation can continue, the discharge valve being
progressively closed, as the vacuum pumps have to work harder to keep the separator full.
Cavitation
A pump is said to cavitate when the pressure at the pump suction has fallen to such an extent that
bubbles of vapour are formed in the fluid being pumped.
In a centrifugal pump bubbles can form with great rapidity at the pump suction and may be carried
away to regions of higher pressure within the pump. The bubbles then collapse rapidly and in the
process of collapsing create a hammer effect. This effect, though minute, if repeated frequently,
may cause damage to the pump. The residual effects of cavitation, as well as the cavitation itself,
can be a problem and include:-
Erosion of metallic surfaces which, if severe, may create flow disturbances.
Vibration, which may damage the pump or, more commonly, the instrumentation connected with
the pump and installation.
Centrifugal pumps must not be allowed to cavitate.
The pumproom is to be checked as soon as possible after any pump unit is started.
The pump casing is to be vented of air or gas and primed full of liquid before starting the pump.
Starting of steam driven centrifugal pumps is to be done in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions, and to be closely monitored by the Duty Engineer.
Centrifugal pumps are not be run above minimum speed until the Duty Engineer is satisfied with
the operating condition of the drive unit.
Steam driven centrifugal pumps must be started against a closed discharge valve. Once the pump
is turning the valve should be opened gradually as the pump is brought slowly up to the desired
operating speed.
Electrically driven centrifugal pumps which run at constant speed, are to be started against a
closed discharge valve. Once the pump is running the discharge valve is to be opened until the
desired discharge pressure is achieved.
The stopping of steam driven centrifugal pumps must be carried out by the Duty Engineer,
however, routine stopping may be carried out using remote controls providing prior notice has
been given to the Duty Engineer.
The stopping of electrically driven pumps may be carried out from the Cargo Control Room.
Before stopping the pump the load on the pump is to be reduced by closing in on the discharge
valve. The Duty Engineer must always be advised of when such a pump is being stopped to allow
him to monitor the generating plant as the electrical load changes.
The emergency stopping of cargo pumps must be carried out by whatever controls are most
accessible. All personnel involved in the cargo operations must be aware of the location of cargo
pump emergency trips/stops.
Why centrifugal pumps ? : The centrifugal pump has for many years been the most suitable pump
onboard chemical tankers where a high pumping capacity is the most important factor. The size
and cost of such a pump does not increase in proportion with the throughput, as it is not a positive
displacement pump. It requires either the provision of ancillary self-priming equipment for the
removal of air in the system or a separate stripping system.
During operations consideration must be given to the prevailing suction and discharge conditions
in relation to the pumps performance characteristics. This is particularly important when operating
cargo pumps where the rated capacity is achieved at a relatively high total head. Operation of
these pumps with a low total head can grossly exceed the pumps rated capacity and cause
excessive liquid velocities in piping systems.
centrifugal pump
Fig: Centrifugal pump
Discharge Valves
Control of a centrifugal pump can be achieved by either adjusting the pump discharge valve and/or
restricting the pump speed. The discharge control valve has three main functions:-
They can be used to regulate pumping rates in variable and constant speed pumps and also to
prevent overloading in constant speed pumps.
They can be used in conjunction with self priming systems to provide a self priming capability in
centrifugal pumps.
They can be used to reduce the throughput of a pump, and so reduce the Nett Positive Suction
Head required.
Self Priming
Centrifugal pumps can be made self-priming if air or gas is removed from the liquid being
pumped before it enters the pump suction. The discharge valve on the pump performs as important
function during this process by matching the discharge rate of the pump to the natural flow of
liquid to the pump suction. The sequence of events is:
Discharge commences, pump and separator fill with oil.
Vacuum pump and valve in gas extraction line are shut-off by float switch in pump separator.
Discharge valve is fully open, the control system reacting to separator level.
Tank level falls to point where separator level begins to fall causing the vacuum pump to start to
extract the gases filling the top of the separator preventing cavitation. The extracted gases are
vented to a slop tank.
As the separator level falls, the control system partly closes the discharge valve on the pump to
reduce the output of the pump.
In this way the discharge and stripping operation can continue, the discharge valve being
progressively closed, as the vacuum pumps have to work harder to keep the separator full.
Cavitation
A pump is said to cavitate when the pressure at the pump suction has fallen to such an extent that
bubbles of vapour are formed in the fluid being pumped.
In a centrifugal pump bubbles can form with great rapidity at the pump suction and may be carried
away to regions of higher pressure within the pump. The bubbles then collapse rapidly and in the
process of collapsing create a hammer effect. This effect, though minute, if repeated frequently,
may cause damage to the pump. The residual effects of cavitation, as well as the cavitation itself,
can be a problem and include:-
Erosion of metallic surfaces which, if severe, may create flow disturbances.
Vibration, which may damage the pump or, more commonly, the instrumentation connected with
the pump and installation.
Centrifugal pumps must not be allowed to cavitate.
When dealing with steam hydro electric or electrically driven cargo pumps the following
procedures are to be followed:
The Duty Engineer must be given adequate notice of starting or stopping cargo pumps.
The pumproom is to be checked as soon as possible after any pump unit is started.
The pump casing is to be vented of air or gas and primed full of liquid before starting the pump.
Starting of steam driven centrifugal pumps is to be done in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions, and to be closely monitored by the Duty Engineer.
Centrifugal pumps are not be run above minimum speed until the Duty Engineer is satisfied with
the operating condition of the drive unit.
Steam driven centrifugal pumps must be started against a closed discharge valve. Once the pump
is turning the valve should be opened gradually as the pump is brought slowly up to the desired
operating speed.
Electrically driven centrifugal pumps which run at constant speed, are to be started against a
closed discharge valve. Once the pump is running the discharge valve is to be opened until the
desired discharge pressure is achieved.
The stopping of steam driven centrifugal pumps must be carried out by the Duty Engineer,
however, routine stopping may be carried out using remote controls providing prior notice has
been given to the Duty Engineer.
The stopping of electrically driven pumps may be carried out from the Cargo Control Room.
Before stopping the pump the load on the pump is to be reduced by closing in on the discharge
valve. The Duty Engineer must always be advised of when such a pump is being stopped to allow
him to monitor the generating plant as the electrical load changes.
The emergency stopping of cargo pumps must be carried out by whatever controls are most
accessible. All personnel involved in the cargo operations must be aware of the location of cargo
pump emergency trips/stops.
Related Info
Why centrifugal pumps ? : The centrifugal pump has for many years been the most suitable pump
onboard chemical tankers where a high pumping capacity is the most important factor. The size
and cost of such a pump does not increase in proportion with the throughput, as it is not a positive
displacement pump. It requires either the provision of ancillary self-priming equipment for the
removal of air in the system or a separate stripping system.
During operations consideration must be given to the prevailing suction and discharge conditions
in relation to the pumps performance characteristics. This is particularly important when operating
cargo pumps where the rated capacity is achieved at a relatively high total head. Operation of
these pumps with a low total head can grossly exceed the pumps rated capacity and cause
excessive liquid velocities in piping systems.
centrifugal pump
Fig: Centrifugal pump
Discharge Valves
Control of a centrifugal pump can be achieved by either adjusting the pump discharge valve and/or
restricting the pump speed. The discharge control valve has three main functions:-
They can be used to regulate pumping rates in variable and constant speed pumps and also to
prevent overloading in constant speed pumps.
They can be used in conjunction with self priming systems to provide a self priming capability in
centrifugal pumps.
They can be used to reduce the throughput of a pump, and so reduce the Nett Positive Suction
Head required.
Self Priming
Centrifugal pumps can be made self-priming if air or gas is removed from the liquid being
pumped before it enters the pump suction. The discharge valve on the pump performs as important
function during this process by matching the discharge rate of the pump to the natural flow of
liquid to the pump suction. The sequence of events is:
Discharge commences, pump and separator fill with oil.
Vacuum pump and valve in gas extraction line are shut-off by float switch in pump separator.
Discharge valve is fully open, the control system reacting to separator level.
Tank level falls to point where separator level begins to fall causing the vacuum pump to start to
extract the gases filling the top of the separator preventing cavitation. The extracted gases are
vented to a slop tank.
As the separator level falls, the control system partly closes the discharge valve on the pump to
reduce the output of the pump.
In this way the discharge and stripping operation can continue, the discharge valve being
progressively closed, as the vacuum pumps have to work harder to keep the separator full.
Cavitation
A pump is said to cavitate when the pressure at the pump suction has fallen to such an extent that
bubbles of vapour are formed in the fluid being pumped.
In a centrifugal pump bubbles can form with great rapidity at the pump suction and may be carried
away to regions of higher pressure within the pump. The bubbles then collapse rapidly and in the
process of collapsing create a hammer effect. This effect, though minute, if repeated frequently,
may cause damage to the pump. The residual effects of cavitation, as well as the cavitation itself,
can be a problem and include:-
Erosion of metallic surfaces which, if severe, may create flow disturbances.
Vibration, which may damage the pump or, more commonly, the instrumentation connected with
the pump and installation.
Centrifugal pumps must not be allowed to cavitate.
When dealing with steam hydro electric or electrically driven cargo pumps the following
procedures are to be followed:
The Duty Engineer must be given adequate notice of starting or stopping cargo pumps.
The pumproom is to be checked as soon as possible after any pump unit is started.
The pump casing is to be vented of air or gas and primed full of liquid before starting the pump.
Starting of steam driven centrifugal pumps is to be done in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions, and to be closely monitored by the Duty Engineer.
Centrifugal pumps are not be run above minimum speed until the Duty Engineer is satisfied with
the operating condition of the drive unit.
Steam driven centrifugal pumps must be started against a closed discharge valve. Once the pump
is turning the valve should be opened gradually as the pump is brought slowly up to the desired
operating speed.
Electrically driven centrifugal pumps which run at constant speed, are to be started against a
closed discharge valve. Once the pump is running the discharge valve is to be opened until the
desired discharge pressure is achieved.
The stopping of steam driven centrifugal pumps must be carried out by the Duty Engineer,
however, routine stopping may be carried out using remote controls providing prior notice has
been given to the Duty Engineer.
The stopping of electrically driven pumps may be carried out from the Cargo Control Room.
Before stopping the pump the load on the pump is to be reduced by closing in on the discharge
valve. The Duty Engineer must always be advised of when such a pump is being stopped to allow
him to monitor the generating plant as the electrical load changes.
The emergency stopping of cargo pumps must be carried out by whatever controls are most
accessible. All personnel involved in the cargo operations must be aware of the location of cargo
pump emergency trips/stops.
Related Info
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Dialing a Code
Yes
Method Two of Seven:
Using an iPhone
Edit
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 3
1
Look at the back of your iPhone 5 or original iPhone. The iPhone 5, 5c, 5s, and the original
iPhone have the IMEI number engraved on the back of the phone, near the bottom. If you need the
MEID number, take the same number but ignore the last digit (IMEI is 15 digits, MEID is 14
digits).
GSM networks like AT&T and T-Mobile use IMEI numbers. CDMA networks such as Sprint,
Verizon, and US Cellular use MEID numbers.
If you are using an older iPhone, see the following steps.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 4
2
Check the SIM card tray of your iPhone 3G, 3GS, 4, or 4s. See this guide for details on removing
the SIM card tray for your specific model. Your IMEI/MEID number is printed on the tray. If you
are on a CDMA network (Verizon, Sprint, US Cellular), both codes will be printed as one. To
determine the MEID number, ignore the last digit.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 5
3
Open the Settings app. This can be found on your iPhone's Home screen. This step works for any
iPhone or cellular iPad.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 6
4
Tap General. Tap "About" in the General menu.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 7
5
Tap IMEI/MEID. This will display your IMEI/MEID number. If you want to copy it to your
iPhone's clipboard, press and hold the IMEI/MEID button in the About menu for a few seconds. A
message will appear letting you know that the number has been copied.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 8
6
Find the IMEI/MEID using iTunes. If your iPhone won't turn on, you can connect it to your
computer and use iTunes to retrieve the IMEI/MEID number.[2]
Plug your iPhone into your computer and open iTunes.
Select your iPhone from the Device menu in the upper-right corner of iTunes and then click the
Summary tab.
Click the "Phone Number" entry next to the image of your iPhone. This will cycle through the ID
numbers for your device.
Copy the IMEI/MEID number. If both are displayed, check what carrier you use to see which
number you need. GSM networks like AT&T and T-Mobile use IMEI numbers. CDMA networks
such as Sprint, Verizon, and US Cellular use MEID numbers.
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Using an iPhone
Yes
Method Three of Seven:
Using an Android Phone
Edit
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 9
1
Open the Android Settings menu. You can do this by tapping the Settings app in your App Drawer
or by using your phone's Menu button.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 10
2
Tap "About Phone". You may have to scroll to the bottom of the Settings menu to find it.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 11
3
Tap "Status". Scroll down until you find the MEID or IMEI entry. Your phone may have both
listed, so verify which one you need by checking what carrier you use. GSM networks like AT&T
and T-Mobile use IMEI numbers. CDMA networks such as Sprint, Verizon, and US Cellular use
MEID numbers.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 12
4
Write down the number. There is no way to copy the number to your phone's clipboard, so you
will need to write or type the number out.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 13
5
Find the IMEI/MEID using Google Dashboard. This is Google's control center that can be
accessed from any computer with a web browser. You will need to log in with the Google account
associated with your Android phone.
You can access Google Dashboard by visiting www.google.com/settings/dashboard
Expand the "Android" section by clicking the "Android" heading.
Locate your phone in the list. If you have multiple devices associated with your account, all of the
devices will be displayed. Find the device that you are trying to retrieve the IMEI/MEID number
for.
Copy the IMEI/MEID. The first entry for your phone should be the IMEI number. Only the IMEI
will be displayed, even if your phone uses MEID. If you need the MEID number, ignore the last
digit of the IMEI number.
GSM networks like AT&T and T-Mobile use IMEI numbers. CDMA networks such as Sprint,
Verizon, and US Cellular use MEID numbers.
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Using an Android Phone
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Method Four of Seven:
Looking Under the Battery
Edit
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 14
1
Power down your phone. Before removing the battery, power down your phone using the Power
button. This will prevent any data being lost and keep apps from being corrupted when the power
source is removed.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 15
2
Remove the back from your phone. This method only works for phones with removable batteries.
It is not possible with iPhones or other phones with affixed batteries.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 16
3
Take out the battery. Gently remove the battery from the phone. Generally, you will need to push it
slightly towards the bottom of the phone before pulling it out.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 17
4
Find the IMEI/MEID number. The location of this will vary from phone to phone, but the
IMEI/MEID number is usually printed on a sticker that is affixed to the phone underneath the
battery.
If the phone has an IMEI number but you are on a network that uses MEID numbers, ignore the
last digit (IMEI is 15 digits, MEID is 14 digits).
GSM networks like AT&T and T-Mobile use IMEI numbers. CDMA networks such as Sprint,
Verizon, and US Cellular use MEID numbers.
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Looking Under the Battery
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Method Five of Seven:
Finding the IMEI for Motorola iDen Units
Edit
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 18
1
Turn on your phone. Open the dialing screen and then press #, *, Menu, Right key. Don't pause
between key presses, or you will have to start over.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 19
2
Locate your IMEI. On units with SIM cards, scroll down until you see "IMEI/SIM ID" and press
Enter. From here you can view your IMEI, SIM, and on some units, your MSN. The first fourteen
digits are displayed; the fifteenth is always a 0.
On older units without SIM cards, continue to hit the Right key until you see IMEI [0] on the
display. The first seven digits are displayed. Write these down, as only 7 digits are displayed at a
time.
Press the Menu key and then the Next button to display the next seven digits. The fifteenth and
final digit is most often a 0.[3]
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Finding the IMEI for Motorola iDen Units
Yes
Method Six of Seven:
Checking the Packaging
Edit
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 20
1
Locate the original packaging for your mobile device. Don't worry about the booklet; look for the
box.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 21
2
Locate the barcode label stuck to your box. It might have been placed over the opening to act as a
seal.
Image titled Find the IMEI or MEID Number on a Mobile Phone Step 22
3
Look for the IMEI/MEID. It should be clearly labeled and is usually listed together with the
barcode and serial number.
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Checking the Packaging
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Method Seven of Seven:
From an AT&T account login
Edit
Image titled 1 295
1
Log into your AT&T account on the website.
Image titled 2 214
2
Hover over the Profile link and click on 'Update My Profile'.
Image titled New3
3
Select the tab that reads 'User Information'. After clicking this, if you have multiple devices on
your account, you have the option to switch between the phone numbers.
Image titled 4 122
4
Scroll down slightly and click on the link that reads 'Customer Service Summary & Contract'.
Image titled 5 96
5
Click on 'Wireless Customer Agreement' when the window pops up,. A PDF download will begin.
Image titled 6 88
6
Open the PDF. You should recognize this paperwork from when you first purchased your device.
Scroll to the very bottom of the PDF and you will find your IMEI.
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From an AT&T account login
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Community Q&A
How do I activate them? Answered by wikiHow Contributor
If you're using a Samsung (Galaxy s series) S5 or previous, remove the back case, then remove the
battery, and you'll find a sticker with the IMEI number or MEID number.
17 2
How do I get my IMEI number if phone is lost? Answered by wikiHow Contributor
You may be able to get your IMEI number by logging in to the online account manager for your
mobile service provider.
31 14
Where do I find the passcode for my mobile phone? Answered by wikiHow Contributor
Depending on your device, you can't. Look at your manufacturer's and OS maker for more
information.
6 1
Where is the location on a Samsung j5? Answered by wikiHow Contributor
You can find your IMEI by opening your dialer and typing *#06# using the keypad. From the
Settings menu, the number is also found in Settings > About Device > Status.
7 5
Why should a cellphone repairer change one's cellphone IMEI number after repairing the phone
and without replacing it? Answered by Masse Eson
If the "motherboard" of the phone is replaced, the phone will have a new IMEI number.
2 1
If I lost IMEI number in my phone LG D295, what can I do?
Answer
If I have a motorola cell phone that has never been used or activated, can I unlock it to use on
Verizon?
Answer
How find used phone's imei number?
Answer
Is it okay to give my imei number to someone else?
Answer
How do i find my IMEI number on my Android?
Answer
Show more unanswered questions
Ask a Question
Tips
Edit
Write your IMEI down before your phone gets lost or stolen.
51 Helpful? 29
If your mobile phone is stolen, you can call or go to the nearest service center of your mobile
network and give that IMEI number to staff to block your phone.
1 Helpful? 2
If you are South African, you are required by law to report the theft to your service provider and to
the police (either SAPS or your local Metro Police). It will be blacklisted across ALL networks so
that it can't be used for criminal activities. If it is recovered, it is possible to remove from the
blacklist it provided that you have proof of ownership.
21 Helpful? 29
Most pre-paid and non-contract phones in America don't have IMEIs; the same applies to
disposable phones throughout Europe, Asia, and Africa.
18 Helpful? 30
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Updated: 19 weeks ago
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