INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, SHIBPUR

B.Tech. 7h Semester ETCE

End Semester Examination, November 2023
SUBJECT: Adaptive Signal Processing (ET 4121)

Time: 3 Hours Full marks: 50

(Answer anv FIVE questions)

.y)Calculate the optimum tap-weight vector (w,pt) of the Wiener filter (optimum in the mean
square crror sense) in terms of input auto-correlation matrix (R) and cross-correlation vector
(p)
i) Consider a Wiener fiitering problem characierized as follows: The auto-correlation matrix
Rof the tap-input vector u(n) is
0.51
R-l6s
The cross-correlation vector p between the tap-input vector ufn) and the desired response d(n)
p (0.5 0.25]
(a) Evaluate the tap weights of the Wiener filter.
(b) What is the minimum mean-square error produced by this Wiener filter? (7+3)

2. A communication channel with a FIR filter shorter than or equal to M-bit interval is to be
identified using the setup as shown in the figure given below.

|9n)
s(n)
Ho(z)

d(n)

y(n)
H(z)

e(n)

Page 1 of 2
 The transmitted data bits, s(n),. which take values of +1 and-l, are passed through the channel,
Ho(z). The same data bits are passed through an adaptive filter, H(z), which is adapted through
the LMS algorithm, so that its output matches the output of the channel in the mean-square
sense. The channel noise is modelled as an additive noise sequence 9(n) with variance o,. The
sequence s(n) and 9(n) are independent of each other. Define the length M column vector g(n)
= h(n)-hÍ, where h(n) is the channel model tap-weight vector at iteration n and the elements of
the vector ho are the samples of the channel response.
(a) Show that
g(nt1) = (1-us(a)s (n))g(n) +ps(n) 9(n)
where, I is the identity matrix, s(n) =[s(n) s(n-1) s(n-2) ..s(n - m+1)] and uis
the LMS algorithm step-size parameter.
(b) Use the independence assumption to show that
llg (r +1)|" = Elg (n)4-(2u-Mu²)R)g(n)] +Mu°o~
where, Ilg(n)||2 = E[g (n)g(n)] and R= E[s (n)s(n)].
(c) Use the result of part (b) to find the range of 4, which guarantees the convergence of
lg(n)1'. (4+4+2)

3, Derive the constrained LMS algorithm using the method of Lagrange multipliers. Consider all
the signals are real valued signals. (10)
4 What do you mcan by decimation and interpolation of a sequence x(n)? With appropriate
diagram, explain the efficient decimator and interpolator structure. (10)
s/ a) Explain the working principle of block adaptive filer. How the filter weights are being
updated in block adaptive filter? Give necessary derivations.
(b) Describe how to implement block LMS algorithm in a faster way. (6+4)
6. (a) Write down the advantages and disadvantages of Recursive least Squares (RI S) algorithm
over LMS algorithnm.
(b) Explain in detait how optimal coefficient ((n)) of acombiner circuit can be obtained with
the help of RL,S algoritlm. (2+8)
Write a short note on the followings
ay)Normalized I MS alyorithn
b) Digital Filter banks (3+7)

Page 2 of2
 Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur
BTech ( 7th ) End-Semester Examination, November 2023
Microwave & Radar Engineering (ET 4102 )
Full Marks: 50 Time: 3 Hours

Answer question number 1 and any three from the rest

1arWhy two cavity Klystron oscillator is not usually constructed?

(b) Why even number of cavities is used to construct a magnetron?
(erwhy Calorimeter-Wattmeter method is not suitable to measure low microwave power?
le in a directional coupler why sometime common holes are made along the narrow plane of
two waveguides?
eWhat imits the gain of a Travelling Wave Tube amplifier (TWT)?
AWbyZ, Yand hparameters are not suitable to specify a microwave component?
te What do you mean by ISM applications of microwave?
Jar What is false alarm' in the radar detection system?
0 What is radome and how it differs from a rotadome?
(j)How an E-plane Tee differs from a H-plane Tee? (10 x 2 = 20]

2 Explain principle of velocity modulation using Applegate diagram. With necessary

mathematical derivation prove that the efficiency of reflex Klystron is 27.78%. Why repeller
protection is essential for a Reflex Klystron. [3+6+1 = 10]

A. What do you mean by mode operation of magnetron? What is mode jumping in

magnetron? Derive an expression for critical magnetic field for the operation of magnetrcon and
write down its significance. (2+2+6 =10)
AWith a neat schematic explain the operation of a multihole directional coupler. Define the
term directivity of a directional coupler. The input power in a two hole directional coupler is
1mW. The coupler has coupling factor of 15dB and a directivity of 30dB. Calculate the power in
all the ports. (S+1+4 =10)

5. Using S-parameter prove that an E-plane Tee can divide the power in its two side arms
equally but out of phase. With a neat schematic explain the operation of a 'Magic Tee'.
(6 +4 = 10)

6. (a) What is Bolometer? With an experlmental arrangement of Calorimeter-Wattmeter

method explain how one can measure very high microwave power.
(b) Explain any one method to measure unknown frequency of microwave.
l(1+5) +4 = 10)

7. With a neat schematlc explain the operatlon of Maving Target lndlcator (MTI) Radar. How radar can
differentiate target class? Calculate the maximum range of radar which operates at a frequency of
10GHz, peak power of G00 kW, If the antenna cross sectlon is Sm' and the area of target 20 m'.
Minimuin recelvable power is 10 w.
(S+1+4 = 10)
 Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology. Shibpur
B.Tech/B Arch 4th Year 7th Semester(CSTETCITEEMet/A&AMIArch)
Mid Semester Examination, September 23
FINANCE,ECONOMICS &MANAGEMENT for ENGINEERSHSS IINHð - 410)
Answer Module wise and start writing Answers for caçh Module on a scparate pag9)
Full Marks:30 Tine:2 hours
Module I
FINANCE
Answer any one question. Each question carries 10 marks.

1.a Define Cost. b. What is Costing? c. Briefly explain the Methods of

costing. d. Why different Methods of costing are needed? (2+1+5+2)
(2.a.Explain cost classifications based on traceability with examples.
b. Calculate Selling & Distribution overheads:
() Power &Fuel 10,000/
(S) Advertisement 1,80,000/
L2 Meeting expenses 54,0001
1S) Salesmen' s Salaries &Commissions 1,00,0000/
(S) Packing Charges 756,000/
x Debtors 1,34,00/
Creditors 32,000/
(5) Carriage outwards 767,000/
(S) Showroom Rent 7O,000/
(NOffice Rent 95,000/
(S) Show Room Lighting 258,000/
Sales 5,32,000/
(S) Stores Manager Salary 80,000/
(2+8)
##4#144##4####### ##*#**#*###
Module II
ECONOMICS
Attempt any one pat,
PARTA

Ka) Define and state the differences between GDP and GNP.
Suppose you sell your thiree year old mobile plhone to your friend. Will the income
carned by you be counted in the curent year's GDP calculation? Explain your answer:.
(2+1)
AComplete the statements taking the coect option fiom the options provided below
() In the circular flow of income mnodel the factor paynent/wages are made'given to
(i) Firms (iy Houscholds (üi) Foreign Fims (iv) all of the above.

Page 1/2
9 In the circular fiow of income mode!, without leakages and injections, the magnitude of
income flowing in the system remains....
Constant (ii) increases as time passes (ii) undecided (iv) doubles as time passes
(1+1)
ZAssume acountry named X" produces only two goods viz. Apples and Oranges.
Suppose in the year 2023 price of apples is Rs. 20 and price of ofapges is Rs. 12 while
their production is 100 kgs and 150 kgs respectively in the country.
Calculate the Nominal GDP of X" for the year 2023 and also the Real GDP for the year
2023 with base year as 2020. Price of apples and oranges in 2020 were Rs.5 per kg and
Rs.8 per kg respectively.
Define GDP deflator. (1+1)
KCalculate GDP and GNP. Also Calculate GNP at Factor Cost:
Final Consumption expenditure 300;Domestic Capital formation (Investment) 800
Exports 250,Imports ES50Expenditure of the govermment 200;Payments to factors
abroad T100-ncome from abroad ES00;Net indirect tax 100;Debt interest income 20;
Depreciation 25. (3)
PART-B

5. State the functions of money. State which functions of money the following items
satisfy. a. Cash money b. Bitcon c. Real Estate property (1+3)
6. State the differences between Commercial Bank and a Central Bank of acountry.
Expiain how commercial banks create money supply. (2+4)

############# #####*####
Module II
MANAGEMENT
Answer any two questions. Each question carries 5 marks.

llustrate diagrarnmatically and define the different types of managerial

styles as prescribed by the managerial grid. (2.5+2.5)
2. Write a brief note on the Hawthorme studies. (5)
() What are the different types of managerial functions? (5)
4. Differentiate between transactional and transformational leadership styles.
(2.5+2.5)

Page 2/2
 J[2+5),

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and x(n), the
 uncorrelated with x(n), and its variance is o-0.5. Compute the optimal values of filter weights
which minimizes E[e (n)] and hence, compute minimum value of E[e*(n)).
Explain different variants of sign LMS algorithn and make acomparative analysis of those
variants in tems of convergence speed and number of multiplier requirement. (6+4)
3. Explain the steepest-descent algorithm in detail. How we derive LMS algorithm from this?
(Assume all the signals are real valued) (5+5)
(4.) Let m(n) denote the mean weight error vector in the LMS algorithm at iteration n; that is,
m(n) =E[A(n)]=E[w(n)-Wopt]
Show that, for convergence of the mean value m(n), the step-size parameter must satisty the
following condition
0<p</amo
where, max is the largest eigenvalue of the auto-correlation matrix R. (10)
 Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur

BTech (7th ) End-Semester Examination, November 2023

Microwave &Radar Engineering (ET 4102 )
Full Marks: 50 Time: 3 Hours

Answer question number 1andianythreetrom the rest

1aj Why two cavity Klystron oscillator is not usually constructed?
() Why even number of cavities is used to construct a magnetron?
(e Why Calorimeter-Wattmeter method is not suitable to measure low microwave power?
Aa in a directional coupler why sometime common holes are made along the narrow plane of
two waveguides?
ej What limits the gain of a Travelling Wave Tube amplifier (TWT)?
Why Z, Yand h parameters are not suitable to specify a microwave component?
& What do you mean by ISM applications of microwave?
)What is 'false alarm' in the radar detection system?
What is radome and how it differs from a rotadome?
How an E-plane Tee differs from a H-plane Tee?
(10 × 2 = 20]

2) Explain principle of velocity modulation using Applegate diagram. With necessary

mathematical derivation prove that the efficiency of reflex Klystron is 27.78%. Why repeller
protection is essential for a Reflex Klystron. (3+6+1 = 10]

3. What do you mean by n mode operation of magnetron? What is mode jumping in

magnetron? Derive an expression for critical magnetic field for the operation of magnetron and
write down its significance. (2+2+6= 10]

with a neat schematic explain the operation of a multihole directional coupler. Define the
term directivity of a directional coupler. The input power in a two hole directional coupler is
ImW.The coupler has coupling factor of 15dB and adirectivity of 30dB. Calculate the power in
all the ports. (5+1+4 = 10)

5. Using S-parameter prove that an E-plane Tee can divide the power in its twO side arms
equally but out of phase. With a neat schematic explain the operation of a 'Magic Tee'.
(6 +4 = 10)

( ) What is Bolometer? With an experimental arrangement of Calorimeter-Wattmeter

method explain how one can measure very high microwave power.
( Explain any one method to measure unknown frequency of microwave.
I(1+5) +4 10)

7. With a neat schematic explain the operation of Moving Target Indicator (MII) Radar. How radar can
differentiate target class? Calculate the maximum tange of radar which operates at a frequency of
10GHz, peak power of 600 kW, f the antenna croSs section is 5m and the area of target 20 m.
Minimum receivatble power is 10 " wN.
(5+1+4 = 10]
 Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur
B Tech/B Arch 7 Semester End-Semester Examination, November, 2023
FINANCE ECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT for ENGINEERS(HSS III)(HU - 4101)
Time: 3 Hours
Full Marks:50

and start writing Answers for cach

(Use Separate Answer scripts for two halves, Answer Module wise
Module on aseparate page)
Each Module carries 16 marks (3x16=48) + 2 marks for ncatness
1Half
Finance Module
wise Cost classification. 6)
Y) Explain with example Element wise OR Behaviour
(4)
Explain briefly the long Term Sources of Finance.
be
your opinion about which project should
What is NPV? From the following lnformation give
selected assuming the discounting rate being 10% ?
Project B
Name of the Project Project A
4 Years 5 Years
Life
2Lakhs 5 Lakhs
Investment
Estimated Cash Inflows(3)

50,000 35,000
Year 1
56,000 66,000
2
61,000 64,000
3
72000 68000
4
nil 23,000
5
.826/0.751/0.683/o.621(2+4)
PV Factor at 10% for 1 to 5 years are 0.909/0
Management Module
Answer any(two questions. Each question carries &marks.
to the Porter's 5 forccs
the 4 phases of the strategic managcment process. According
industry? (2+6)
model what are the possible threats of entry to a new entrant in an
matrix. How can a company
5) Illustrate diagrammatically and write a short note on the Ansoff
achieve cost leadership? (5+3)
of communication. (8)
6. Givea detailed explanation of the different linear models
 2 Half
EconomicsModule
WENplain simple Keynesian model of Income Determination graphically. Explain the
mutiper. Assume the value of concept of investment
marginal propensity to consume rises, what will be its effect on the
magnitude of investment multiplier?
(3+1+2)
8. State the law of demand. Keeping in mind that price
and demand curves, consider a situation is determined at the point of interaction of
when there is a rise in income of the individual. supply
the equilibrium price?
Explain using demand and supply curves. What will happen to
(1+4)
9What is the law of diminishing marginal utility? Derive the
marginal utility demand curve using the concept of diminishing
OR (1+4)

10 Define GDP. Refer to the table below and

high GDP. Hence high GDP of a country ensurescalculate the value of GNP. Statement: Rich countries have
above statement? greater welfare of the people. What is the problem with
the
Particulars (1+2+2)
Dollars(S)
Final Consumption expenditure 450

Investment 700
Exports 1000

Imports S50
Expend ture of the government 300
Payments to factors abroad 200
Income from abroad 500
Net indirect tax 100

Debt interest incorne 20

Depreciation 25
 Hours
Time: 3

INSTITUTE
INDIAN OF
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be d(n)
 The transmitted data bits, s(n). which take values of +land -1, are passed through the channel,
Ho(z). The same data bits are passed through an adaptive filter, H(z), which is adapted through
the LMS algorithm, so that its output matches the output of the channel in the mean-square
sense. The channel noise is modelled as an additive noise sequence 9(n) with variance oz. The
sequence s(n) and 9(n) are independent of each other. Define the length Mcolumn vector gín)
= h(n)-ho. where h(n) is the channel model tap-weight vector at iteration n and the elements of
the vectorhÍ are the samples of the channel response.
Showthat
g(n+1) =((- us(n)s (n) )g(n) +us(n) 9(n)
where. I is the identity matrix, s(n) =[s(n) s(n- 1) s(n-2) ..... s(0 m +1)] and uis
the LMS algorithm step-size parameter.

Use the independence assumption to show that

Ilg (n +1)|1? =ELg (n)(1-42u-Mu²)R)g(n)] +Mu'o
where. llgn) | =E(g (n) gín)] and R=E[s"(n)s(n)].
K Use the result of part (b) to find the range of u, which guarantees the convergence of

lig(n)||2. (4+4+2)

Derive the constrained LMS algorithm using the method of Lagrange multipliers. Consider all
the signals are real valued signals. (10)
A) What do you mean by decimation and interpolation of a sequence xn)? With
appropriate
diagram, explain the efficient decimator and interpolator structure. 10
AExplain the working principle of block adaptive filter. How the filter wecights are being
updated in block adaptive filter? Give necessary derivations.
Describe how to inplement block LMS algorithm in a faster way.
(6+4)
6. (a) Write down the advantages and disadvantages of Recursive Least Squares (RLS)
algorithm
over LMS algorithm.
(b) Explain in detail how optimal coetticient (C(n) of acombiner circuit can be obtained with
the help of RLS algorithm. (2+8)
Z Write a short note on th followings
a) Normalized LMS algorithm
Digital Filter banks (3+7)
Page 2 of 2