Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 1

This print-out should have 42 questions.

Multiple-choice questions may continue on 003 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
the next column or page – find all choices Find the magnitude of its acceleration.
before answering. Answer in units of m/s2 .
Correct answer: 3.49901 m/s2 .
001 10.0 points Explanation:
Holt SF 07Rev 07 93480 With the car moving at a constant speed,
How long does it take the second hand of a there is no tangential acceleration, so the ac-
clock to move through 4.46 rad? celeration is purely radial:
Answer in units of s.
Correct answer: 42.5899 s.
Explanation: v2 (27.3 m/s)2
ar = = = 3.49901 m/s2 .
R 213 m
Let : ∆θs = 4.46 rad ,
004 10.0 points
∆θ = 2 π rad , and
Rotation of Tires short 119858
∆t = 60 s . A car accelerates uniformly from rest and
reaches a speed of 22.9 m/s in 10.9 s. The
diameter of a tire is 62.2 cm.
∆θs 2 π rad Find the number of revolutions the tire
ωavg = =
∆ts 60 s makes during this motion, assuming no slip-
∆θs (60 s) ping.
∆ts =
2 π rad Answer in units of rev.
(4.46 rad) (60 s) Correct answer: 63.8692 rev.
=
2 π rad Explanation:
= 42.5899 s .

Let : vf = 22.9 m/s ,

keywords: r = 31.1 cm = 0.311 m , and
t = 10.9 s .
002 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
Circular Race Track 03 91620 Since vo = 0, the distance the car traveled
A racing car travels on a circular track of during the time interval is
radius 213 m, moving with a constant linear
speed of 27.3 m/s. vo + vf 1
Find its angular speed. s = v̄ t = t = vf t ,
2 2
Answer in units of rad/s.
Correct answer: 0.128169 rad/s. so from rolling without slipping,
Explanation: s vf t
θ= =
r 2r
Let : v = 27.3 m/s and (22.9 m/s) (10.9 s) 1 rev
= · = 63.8692 rev .
R = 213 m . 2 (0.311 m) 2 π rad

The linear speed is

005 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
v = Rω Grinding Wheel Rotation 89948
v 27.3 m/s A grinding wheel, initially at rest, is ro-
ω= = = 0.128169 rad/s . tated with constant angular acceleration of
R 213 m
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 2

3.07 rad/s2 for 9.41 s. The wheel is then

brought to rest with uniform deceleration in ωf = ω1 + α 2 t2 = 0
14.6 rev. ω1 α 1 t1
Find the angular acceleration required to t2 = − =−
α2 α2
bring the wheel to rest. Note that an in-
crease in angular velocity is consistent with a (3.07 rad/s2 ) (9.41 s)
=−
positive angular acceleration. −4.54876 rad/s2
Answer in units of rad/s2 . = 6.3509 s .
Correct answer: −4.54876 rad/s2 .
Explanation: 007 10.0 points
Holt SF 07Rev 51 93040
A copper block rests 36.8 cm from the center
Let : ω0 = 0 rad/s , of a steel turntable. The coefficient of static
α1 = 3.07 rad/s2 , friction between the block and the surface
is 0.40. The turntable starts from rest and
t1 = 9.41 s , and
rotates with a constant angular acceleration
θ2 = 14.6 rev . of 0.60 rad/s2 .
After what time interval will the block start
From kinematics to slip on the turntable? The acceleration of
gravity is 9.81 m/s2 .
ωf = ω0 + α t . Answer in units of s.
Correct answer: 5.44239 s.
First find the speed attained before the
wheel begins to slow down. Since ω0 = 0 rad/s Explanation:
for the acceleration, the final speed
Let : r = 36.8 cm ,
ω1 = α 1 t1 µs = 0.40 ,
for the acceleration is also the initial speed for α = 0.60 rad/s2 , and
the deceleration. g = 9.81 m/s2 .
Considering the wheel as it comes to rest, From kinematics
ωf = ωi + α ∆t = α ∆t
ω2 2 = ω1 2 + 2 α 2 θ 2 = 0
since ωi = 0 rad/s,
−ω12 α 2 t2
α2 = =− 1 1 Fc = m ac = m r ωf2


2 θ2 2 θ2
(3.07 rad/s2 )2 (9.41 s)2 1 rev when the block starts to slip, and
=− ·
2 (14.6 rev) 2 π rad Fs = µs Fn = µs m g , so
= −4.54876 rad/s2 .
Fc = Fs
m r ωf2 = µs m g
006 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
r (α ∆t)2 = µs g
Determine the time needed to bring the wheel r
to rest. µs g
∆t =
Answer in units of s. r α2
Correct answer: 6.3509 s.
s
0.4 (9.81 m/s2 )
=
Explanation: (0.368 m) (0.6 rad/s2 )2
The initial speed for the deceleration is
ω1 = α1 t1 , so from kinematics, = 5.44239 s .
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 3

008 10.0 points 009 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points

Rotating Paper Disks 93481 Changing Angular Speed 93028
The speed of a moving bullet can be deter- As a result of friction, the angular speed of a
mined by allowing the bullet to pass through wheel c hanges with time according to
two rotating paper disks mounted a distance
dθ
62 cm apart on the same axle. From the = ω0 e−σ t ,
angular displacement 28 ◦ of the two bullet dt
holes in the disks and the rotational speed where ω0 and σ are constants. The angular
1417 rev/min of the disks, we can determine speed changes from an initial angular speed
the speed of the bullet. of 4.64 rad/s to 3.24 rad/s in 33.93 s .
Determine the magnitude of the angular
v 28◦ acceleration after 3.75 s.
Answer in units of rad/s2 .
Correct answer: 0.047202 rad/s2 .
Explanation:

1417 rev/min Let : ω0 = 4.64 rad/s ,

t0 = 0,
62 cm
ω2 = 3.24 rad/s ,
What is the speed of the bullet?
t2 = 33.93 s , and
Answer in units of m/s.
Correct answer: 188.259 m/s. t3 = 3.75 s .

Explanation: The equation of motion is ω = ω0 e−σ t , so

ω2
Let : ω = 1417 rev/min , = e−σ t2
ω0
d = 62 cm , and  
ω2
θ = 28◦ . ln
ω0
= −σ t2
 
ω2
− ln
ω0
θ = ωt σ=
t2
θ  
t= , 3.24 rad/s
ω − ln
4.64 rad/s
so the speed of the bullet is =
33.93 s
d dω = 0.0105848 s−1 .
v= =
t θ Thus the angular acceleration at t3 is
(62 cm) (1417 rev/min)
=
28◦ dω
◦ α(t3 ) = = ω0 (−σ) e−σ t3
360 1 m 1 min dt
×
1 rev 100 cm 60 s = −(4.64 rad/s) (0.0105848 s−1 )
= 188.259 m/s . × e−(0.0105848 s ) (3.75 s)
−1

= −0.047202 rad/s2

keywords: k~α(t3 )k = 0.047202 rad/s2 .

 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 4

010 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points 012 10.0 points

How many revolutions does the wheel make Four Point Masses 104101
after 2.59 s ?
Answer in units of rev. Four equal masses m are so small they can
Correct answer: 1.88668 rev. be treated as points, and they are equally
Explanation: spaced along a long, stiff wire of neglible
mass. The distance between any two adja-
cent masses is ℓ .
Let : tf = 2.59 s . ℓ ℓ ℓ
m m m m
Z tf
θ=− ω0 e−σ t dt What is the rotational inertia I cm of this
0 system about its center of mass?
ω0 tf −σ t
Z
=− e (−σ dt) 1. m ℓ2
σ 0 1
ω0 −σ t tf 2. m ℓ2
=− e 2
σ 0
3. 2 m ℓ2
ω0 −σ tf


=
σ
1−e 4. 3 m ℓ2
4.64 rad/s 5. 5 m ℓ2 correct
= 6. 6 m ℓ2
0.0105848 s−1
h i 7. 7 m ℓ2
× 1 − e−(0.0105848 s ) (2.59 s)
−1
8. 4 m ℓ2
= 11.8544 rad ,
so the number of revolutions is Explanation:
The center of mass is at the geometrical
θ
n= center of the system, as is easily seen by sym-
2π 1X
11.8544 rad metry, or by using rcm = ri projected
= 4
i
2π along the x axis. Let the center of mass be at
= 1.88668 rev . x = 0 ; then

011 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points

Find the number of revolutions it makes be- " 
2  2 #
fore coming to rest.
X 3 1
I cm = mi x2i = 2 m ℓ2 +
Answer in units of rev. 2 2
i
Correct answer: 69.7681 rev.
= 5 m ℓ2 .
Explanation:
ω0
1 − e−σ tf


θ=
σ
For t = ∞, this reduces to 013 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points
ω0 Tipler PSE5 09 43 A 91203
θend = Four particles with masses 3 kg, 4 kg, 3 kg,
σ
4.64 rad/s 1 rev and 4 kg are connected by rigid rods of neg-
= ligible mass as shown. The origin is centered
0.0105848 s−1 2 π rad
on the mass in the lower left corner. The
= 69.7681 rev . rectangle is 5 m wide and 4 m long.
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 5

y
3 kg 4 kg m1 · 0 + m2 · 0 + m3 ℓ + m4 ℓ
xCM =
m1 + m2 + m3 + m4
(3 kg) ℓ + (4 kg) ℓ
=
4m
3 kg + 4 kg + 3 kg + 4 kg
6 rad/s ℓ
x = , and
2
4 kg 5m 3 kg m1 h + m2 · 0 + m3 · 0 + m4 h
yCM =
m1 + m2 + m3 + m4
(3 kg) h + (4 kg) h
=
If the system rotates in the xy plane about 3 kg + 4 kg + 3 kg + 4 kg
the z axis (origin, O) with an angular speed h
of 6 rad/s, calculate the moment of inertia of = .
2
the system about the z axis.
Answer in units of kg · m2 . For each point
Correct answer: 287 kg · m2 .
 2  2
Explanation: 2 ℓ h
r = x2CM 2
+ yCM = + ,
2 2
Let : m1 = 3 kg , top left so the moment of inertia is
m2 = 4 kg , bottom left
m3 = 3 kg , bottom right X X
IzCM = mj rj2 = r 2 mj
m4 = 4 kg , top right j j
ℓ = 5 m, and ℓ2
+ h2
h = 4 m. = (m1 + m2 + m3 + m4 )
4
(5 m)2 + (4 m)2
The moment of inertia is =
X 4
Iz = mj rj2 × (3 kg + 4 kg + 3 kg + 4 kg)
j
= 143.5 kg · m2 .
2 2 2 2
= m1 h + m2 · 0 + m3 ℓ + m4 (h + ℓ )
= (3 kg) (4 m)2 + (3 kg) (5 m)2
015 (part 3 of 3) 0.0 points
+ (4 kg) [(4 m)2 + (5 m)2 ]
WITHDRAWN
= 287 kg · m2 . For the four-particle system find the mo-
ment of inertia about the y-axis, which passes
through the two masses on the left-hand side
014 (part 2 of 3) 0.0 points of the system.
WITHDRAWN Answer in units of kg · m2 .
Find the moment of inertia of the four- Correct answer: 175 kg · m2 .
particle system about an axis that is perpen-
Explanation:
dicular to the plane of the configuration and
passing through the center of mass of the sys-
tem. Iy = m3 ℓ2 + m4 ℓ2 = (m3 + m4 ) ℓ2
Answer in units of kg · m2 .
Correct answer: 143.5 kg · m2 . = (3 kg + 4 kg) (5 m)2

Explanation: = 175 kg · m2 .
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 6

016 10.0 points

Tipler PSE5 09 46 92671
Find the moment of inertia of a solid sphere

3.7 m
of mass M and radius R about an axis that is 2.9 kg
tangent to the sphere.
1.9 m
m r

2.9 kg
ω
ω
What is the moment of inertia of the pen-
dulum about the pivot point?
7 Answer in units of kg · m2 .
1. I = M R2 correct
5 Correct answer: 58.1692 kg · m2 .
3
2. I = M R2 Explanation:
5
8
3. I = M R2
5
6 Let : L = 3.7 m ,
4. I = M R2
5 Mr = 2.9 kg ,
9
5. I = M R2 R = 1.9 m , and
5
4 Md = 2.9 kg .
6. I = M R2
5 By the parallel axis theorem
Explanation:
The moment of inertia of a solid about a Ipp = Icm + M L2 ,
diameter is where Icm is the moment of inertia about the
2 center of mass, M is the mass, and L is the
Icm = M R2 .
5 distance from the center of mass to the pivot
Using the parallel-axis theorem, the moment point.
L 1
of inertia about an axis that is tangent to the ℓ = = 1.85 m, Irod = M r L2 + M r ℓ 2 ,
sphere is 2 12
1 2 2
Idisk = Md R + Md L , and the total mo-
I = Icm + M R2 2
ment of inertia is
2
= M R2 + M R2
5 I = Irod + Idisk
7 1
= M R2 . = M r L2 + M r ℓ 2
5 12
1
+ M d R 2 + M d L2
017 10.0 points 2
Grandfather Clock Pendulum 93426 1
= (2.9 kg) (3.7 m)2
A pendulum is made of a rod of mass 2.9 kg 12
and length 3.7 m whose moment of inertia + (2.9 kg) (1.85 m)2
1 1
about its center of mass is M L2 and a + (2.9 kg) (1.9 m)2
12 2
thin cylindrical disk of mass 2.9 kg and ra-
dius 1.9 m whose moment of inertia about its + (2.9 kg) (3.7 m)2
1
center of mass is M R2 . = 58.1692 kg · m2 .
2
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 7
26 N, and 15 N act on the object, as shown.
018 10.0 points The force of magnitude 26 N acts 28 ◦ below
Spoked Wheel short 119875 the horizontal.
A wheel is formed from a hoop of mass 4.9 kg 11 N
and seven equally spaced spokes, each of mass
0.09 kg. The hoop’s radius is the length
0.22 m of each spoke. ω
28◦
0.22 m
26 N
0.09 kg 15 N
Find the magnitude of the net torque on
the wheel about the axle through the center
of the object.
4.9 kg Answer in units of N · m.
Correct answer: 5.2 N · m.
Find the moment of inertia of the wheel
about an axis through its center and perpen- Explanation:
dicular to the plane of the wheel.
Answer in units of kg · m2 . Let : a = 6 cm = 0.06 m ,
Correct answer: 0.247324 kg · m2 .
b = 26 cm = 0.26 m ,
Explanation: F1 = 11 N ,
F2 = 26 N ,
Let : n = 7 , F3 = 15 N , and
m = 0.09 kg , θ = 28◦ .
M = 4.9 kg , and F1
R = 0.22 m .

Each spoke contributes to the total moment ω

θ
of inertia as a thin rod pivoted at one end, so
F2
2 m R2
I = Ihoop + n Irod = M R + n F3
3
 m 2 The total torque is
= M +n R
 3 
0.09 kg τ = a F2 − b F1 − b F3
= 4.9 kg + 7 (0.22 m)2
3 = (0.06 m) (26 N)
= 0.247324 kg · m2 . − (0.26 m) (11 N + 15 N)
= −5.2 N · m ,

019 10.0 points with a magnitude of 5.2 N · m .

Net Torque on a Wheel 94133
A circular-shaped object of mass 12 kg has 020 10.0 points
an inner radius of 6 cm and an outer radius Accelerating About a Pivot 215803
of 26 cm. Three forces (acting perpendicular A uniform horizontal rod of mass 2.5 kg and
to the axis of rotation) of magnitudes 11 N, length 0.32 m is free to pivot about one end
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 8
as shown. The moment of inertia of the rod 6 F sin θ − 3 m g
about an axis perpendicular to the rod and = 6 (2.6 N) sin 40◦ − 3 (2.5 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
through the center of mass is given by I = = −63.4725 N ,
m ℓ2 then
.
12
−63.4725 N
k~αk =
2 (2.5 kg) (0.32 m)
F ◦
pivot 40
2.5 kg = 39.6703 rad/s2 .

0.32 m
If a 2.6 N force at an angle of 40◦ to the hor- 021 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points
izontal acts on the rod as shown, what is the Atwood Machine 09 80256
magnitude of the resulting angular accelera- Two masses of 4.8 kg and 1.6 kg are suspended
tion about the pivot point? The acceleration by a pulley with a radius of 10 cm and a mass
of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 . of 5 kg as shown in the figure. The cord
Answer in units of rad/s2 . has negligible weight and causes the pulley to
Correct answer: 39.6703 rad/s2 . rotate without slipping.
Explanation:
10 cm
Let : ℓ = 0.32 m ,
ω
m = 2.5 kg ,
5 kg
θ = 40◦ , and
F = 2.6 N .
4.8 kg
By the parallel axis theorem, the moment
of inertia of a stick pivoted at the end is 3.25 m

I = Icm + m d2 1.6 kg
 2
1 2 ℓ What is the angular acceleration of the pul-
= mℓ + m
12 2 ley? Treat the pulley as a uniform disk. The
1 acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
= m ℓ2 .
3 Answer in units of rad/s2 .
Correct answer: 35.236 rad/s2 .
The sum of the torques (counterclockwise ro-
tation defined as positive) is Explanation:
X ℓ
τ = F ℓ sin θ − m g =Iα
2
  Let : M = 5 kg ,
ℓ 1 2 R = 0.1 m ,
F ℓ sin θ − m g l = mℓ α
2 3 m1 = 4.8 kg ,
6 F sin θ − 3 m g = 2 m ℓ α m2 = 1.6 kg , and
6 F sin θ − 3 m g h = 3.25 m ,
~α =
2mℓ
Since Consider the free body diagrams
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 9
(4.8 kg − 1.6 kg) (0.1 m) (9.8 m/s2 )
α=
0.089 N

T1

T2
= 35.236 rad/s2 .

a 4.8 kg 1.6 kg

a
022 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points
What is the magnitude of the tension in the
m1 g

m2 g
cord on the right-hand side?
Answer in units of N.
The pulley rotates without slipping, so a = Correct answer: 21.3178 N.
α r and the moment of inertia of the pulley Explanation:
(treated as a uniform disk) about its axis of
rotation is
1 1 T2 = m2 (g + α r)
I = M r 2 = (5 kg)(0.1 m)2
2 2 = (1.6 kg) [9.8 m/s2
= 0.025 kg · m2 . + (35.236 rad/s2 )] (0.1 m)]
We assume the cord does not stretch, so the = 21.3178 N .
displacements and acceleration of the masses
are equal in magnitude and opposite.
Defining up as positive, the acceleration ~a 023 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points
will be downward for m1 and upward for m2 . The masses start from rest 3.25 m vertically
apart.
X What is the speed of the right-hand mass
Fm1 : T1 − m1 g = −m1 a = −m1 (α r)
when the two masses pass each other?
T1 = m1 g − m1 α r Answer in units of m/s.
Correct answer: 3.38403 m/s.
X
Fm2 : T2 − m2 g = +m2 a = m2 (α r) Explanation:
T2 = m2 g + m2 α r The displacement when the two masses pass
one another is one half of their initial separa-
The net force on the pulley is T1 − T2 , so tion
the net torque is 1 1
h = a t2
X 2 2
τ = I α = (T1 − T2 ) r
r
h
I α = [(m1 g − m1 α r) − (m2 g + m2 α r)] r t=
a
since the masses start from rest, so
2
I α + (m1 + m2 ) α r = (m1 − m2 ) g r
h √ √
r
(m1 − m2 ) r g v = at = a = ah = αrh
α= a
I + (m1 + m2 ) r 2 q
Since = (35.236 rad/s2 )(0.1 m)(3.25 m)

I + (m1 + m2 ) r 2 = 3.38403 m/s .

= 0.025 kg · m2 + (4.8 kg + 1.6 kg)
× (0.1 m)2
= 0.089 N , then keywords:
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 10

024 10.0 points

Serway CP 08 05 109795 T2
A simple pendulum consists of a small object a
of mass 1.2 kg hanging at the end of a 1.3 m kg
long light string that is connected to a pivot 4. 4 T1
5
point. 0. 2
Find the magnitude of the torque (due to µ= 25 kg
the force of gravity) about this pivot point ◦
33
when the string makes a 2.894 ◦ angle with
the vertical. The acceleration of gravity is What is the acceleration of the blocks? As-
9.8 m/s2 . sume the 25 kg mass is descending with accel-
Answer in units of N · m. eration a. The moment of inertia of the disk
1
Correct answer: 0.771866 N · m. is M R2 and the acceleration of gravity is
2
9.8 m/s2 .
Explanation:
Answer in units of m/s2 .
Correct answer: 6.88734 m/s2 .
Explanation:
Let : m = 1.2 kg ,
L = 1.3 m , and
Let : m1 = 25 kg ,
θ = 2.894◦ .
m2 = 4.4 kg ,
m3 = 2.9 kg , mass of pulley
R = 0.33 m , radius of pulley
µ = 0.25 , and
m

m
1. 3

θ = 33◦ .
1. 3

1.2 kg
mg N T2
The torque is
Wk
τ =Fd
f
= m g L sin θ W⊥
θW
= (1.2 kg)(9.8 m/s2 )(1.3 m) sin 2.894◦
= 0.771866 N · m .

UsingX
the free-body
 diagrams for the
masses F = ma ,
025 10.0 points
Two Blocks 08 100857 m1 g − T1 = m1 a , (1)
Consider the setup shown below. The blocks
T2 − m2 g (sin θ + µ cos θ) = m2 a , (2)
have masses 4.4 kg and 25 kg. The pulley X 
has mass 2.9 kg, and is a uniform disc with and applying torque τ = I α to the pul-
radius 0.33 m. Assume the pulley to be fric-
ley,
tionless, but the coefficient of friction between
the block and the surface is 0.25. τnet = I α
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 11
  
1 2 a Explanation:
(T1 − T2 ) R = m3 R
2 R
1
T1 − T2 = m3 a . (3) Let : m1 = 1 kg ,
2
m2 = 9 kg ,
Adding equations (1), (2), and (3) M = 9 kg , and
[m1 − m2 (sin θ + µ cos θ)]
g m3  R = 0.17 m .
= m2 + m1 + a.
2
m1 T1 M
[m1 − m2 (sin θ + µ cos θ)] g T2
a= m3 .
m2 + m1 + m
2 2

Since θ
m1 − m2 (sin θ + µ cos θ)
= 25 kg
− (4.4 kg) (sin 33◦ + 0.25 cos 33◦ )
Applying Newton’s law to m1 ,
= 21.6811 kg ,
then N1 − m1 g = m1 ay = 0
(21.6811 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) N1 = m1 g ,
a=
2.9 kg
4.4 kg + 25 kg + where the force of friction on m1 is
2
= 6.88734 m/s2 . f1 = µ N1 = µ m1 g
= (0.15) (1 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
026 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points = 1.47 N and
Blocks and a Wedge 64199
A block of mass 1 kg and one of mass 9 kg are
connected by a massless string over a pulley
T1 − f1 = m1 a
that is in the shape of a disk having a radius
of 0.17 m, and a mass of 9 kg. In addition, the T1 = m1 a + f1 . (1)
blocks are allowed to move on a fixed block-
For the mass m2 , applying Newton’s law
wedge of angle 46◦ , as shown. The coefficient
perpendicular to the slanted surface
of kinetic friction is 0.15 for both blocks.
0.17 m
9 kg N2 − m2 g cos θ = m2 aperp = 0
1 kg
N2 = m2 g cos θ ,
9k so the force of friction is
g

46◦ f2 = µ N2 = µ m2 g cos θ
= (0.15) (9 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) cos 46◦
= 9.19033 N .
What is the acceleration of the two blocks? Applying Newton’s law parallel to the surface,
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 . As-
sume the positive direction is to the right. m2 g sin θ − f2 − T2 = m2 a
Answer in units of m/s2 .
Correct answer: 3.64038 m/s2 . T2 = −m2 a + m2 g sin θ − f2 (2)
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 12
Subtraction eq. (1) from, eq. (2),
028 10.0 points
T2 − T1 = m2 g sin θ − (m1 + m2 ) a − f1 − f2 . Complex Atwood Machine 2322956
An Atwood machine is constructed using two
Applying Newton’s law to the pulley, wheels (with the masses concentrated at the
X rims). The left wheel has a mass of 2 kg and
τ =Iα radius 21.91 cm. The right wheel has a mass
M R2 a of 2.6 kg and radius 28.81 cm. The hanging
+T1 R − T2 R = − mass on the left is 1.57 kg and on the right
2 R
1 1.33 kg.
−T1 + T2 = M a
2

m1 m2
1
m2 g sin θ − (m1 + m2 ) a − f1 − f2 = M a
2
m4
m3
2 m2 g sin θ − 2 f1 − 2 f2
a= .
2 m1 + 2 m2 + M What is the acceleration of the hanging
mass on the left? Use down as the posi-
Since
tive direction. The acceleration of gravity is
2 m2 g sin θ − 2 (f1 + f2 )
9.8 m/s2 .
= 2(9 kg)(9.8 m/s2 )(sin 46◦ )
Answer in units of m/s2 .
− 2(1.47 N + 9.19033 N) Correct answer: 0.3136 m/s2 .
= 105.571 kg · m/s2 and
Explanation:
2 m1 + 2 m2 + M
= 2(1 kg) + 2(9 kg) + 9 kg
= 29 kg , then
Let : m1 = 2 kg ,
2 m2 g sin θ − 2 f1 − 2 f2 r1 = 21.91 cm ,
a= m2 = 2.6 kg ,
2 m1 + 2 m2 + M
105.571 kg · m/s2 r2 = 28.81 cm ,
=
29 kg m3 = 1.57 kg , and
= 3.64038 m/s2 . m4 = 1.33 kg .

a T2
027 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points a
Find the tension in the horizontal part of the m1 r1 m2r2
string.
Answer in units of N. T3
T1
Correct answer: 5.11038 N. m4
m3
Explanation:
From eq. (1), The net acceleration a = r α is in the di-
rection of the heavier mass m3 . Each pul-
ley’s mass is concentrated on the rim, so
T1 = f1 + m1 a I = mpulley r 2 and
= 1.47 N + (1 kg) (3.64038 m/s2 )
a
2
= 5.11038 N . τnet = Iα = m r = mra
r
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 13
so that for the leftmost pulley How far does it drop? The acceleration of
gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
T1 r1 − T2 r1 = m1 r1 a Answer in units of m.
m1 a = T1 − T2 (1) Correct answer: 24.2839 m.
and for the rightmost pulley Explanation:
T2 r2 − T3 r2 = m2 r2 a
m2 a = T2 − T3 . (2) Let : M = 4.6 kg ,
Applying Newton’s Law to the hanging r = 0.71 m ,
masses, m = 3.3 kg , and
T3 g = 9.8 m/s2 .
T1
a
m3 m4 a Let T be the tension in the cord and α the
angular acceleration of the wheel. Newton’s
equation for the mass m is
m3g m4g
mg − T = ma
the net forces are T = m (g − a)
m3 a = m3 g − T1 and (3)
and for the disk
m4 a = T3 − m4 g . (4)
Tr= Iα
Adding these four equations gives  
1 2 a
(m g − m a) rh = Mr
m1 a + m2 a + m3 a + m4 a = m3 g − m4 g 2 r
2mg − 2ma = M a
(m3 − m4 ) g 2 m g = (M + 2 m) a
a=
m1 + m2 + m3 + m4 2mg
(1.57 kg − 1.33 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) a=
= M + 2m
2 kg + 2.6 kg + 1.57 kg + 1.33 kg
From kinematics, since v0 = 0 ,
= 0.3136 m/s2 .
1 1
y = v0 t + a t2 = a t2
029 10.0 points  2 2
1 2mg
Lowering a Bucket 10 72241 = t2
A cylindrical pulley with a mass of 4.6 kg, 2 M + 2m
1 m g t2
radius of 0.71 m and moment of inertia M r 2 =
2 M + 2m
is used to lower a bucket with a mass of 3.3 kg
into a well. The bucket starts from rest and (3.3 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) (2.9 s)2
=
falls for 2.9 s. 4.6 kg + 2 (3.3 kg)
M = 24.2839 m .
r
030 10.0 points
Disk and Mass 93758
A circular disk with moment of inertia
m 1
m R2 , mass m and radius R is mounted
2
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 14
at its center, about which it can rotate freely. by a pulley that has a radius of 9.5 cm and
A light cord wrapped around it supports a a mass of 6 kg. The cord has a negligible
weight m g. mass and causes the pulley to rotate without
slipping. The pulley rotates without friction.
The masses start from rest 1.8 m apart.
R

ω 9.5 cm
I
g ω
T 6 kg

24 kg
m 1.8 m
Find the total kinetic energy of the system 13 kg
when the weight is moving at a speed v.
Determine the speeds of the two masses as
4 they pass each other. Treat the pulley as a
1. K = m v 2
5 uniform disk. The acceleration of gravity is
5
2. K = m v 2 9.8 m/s2 .
4 Answer in units of m/s.
3
3. K = m v 2 correct Correct answer: 2.2025 m/s.
4
2
4. K = m v 2 Explanation:
3
3
5. K = m v 2
2
1 Let : M = 6 kg ,
6. K = m v 2
3 R = 9.5 cm ,
1
7. K = m v 2 m1 = 24 kg ,
2
8. K = m v 2 m2 = 13 kg , and
5
9. K = m v 2 h = 1.8 m .
2
Explanation:
From conservation of energy
v = r ω , so the total kinetic energy is
K1 + K2 + Kdisk = −∆U
Ktot = Km + Krot m1 v2 m2 v 2 M v 2 h
1 1 + + = (m1 − m2 ) g
= m v2 + I ω2 2 2 4 2
2 2  
2
(2 m1 + 2 m2 + M ) v = 2 (m1 − m2 ) g h ,
1 2 1 1 2 v 2
= mv + mR
2 2 2 R h
3 where is the height. Taking no slipping into
= m v2 . 2
4 account,

031 10.0 points s

Atwood Machine 06 93712 2 (m1 − m2 ) g h
v=
Two masses of 24 kg and 13 kg are suspended 2 (m1 + m2 ) + M
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 15
1
s
2 (24 kg − 13 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) The kinetic energy is K = I ω 2 ∝ ω 2 , so
= 2
2 (24 kg + 13 kg) + 6 kg
√
Kf ωf 2
 
× 1.8 m
=
= 2.2025 m/s . Ki ωi
s r
Kf Ki + ∆E
ωf = ωi = ωi
Ki Ki
keywords:
r
0.115119 J + 1.5 J
= (90 rev/min)
0.115119 J
032 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
Tipler PSE5 09 59 93320 = 337.11 rev/min .
A solid ball of mass 1.8 kg and diameter 12 cm
is rotating about its diameter at 90 rev/min.
What is its kinetic energy? 034 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
Answer in units of mJ. Unwinding a Spool 02 92035
Correct answer: 115.119 mJ. A spool is unwound by a constant force pulling
on a string. The radius of the spool is given
Explanation: in the figure.
Assume: The moment of inertia of the
4
Let : M = 1.8 kg , spool about its center of mass is I = m r 2
5
R = 6 cm = 0.06 m , and and the spool is rolling without slipping and
starts from rest.
ω = 90 rev/min .
3m 9N
The kinetic energy of this rotating solid ball
is b 5 kg
 
1 2 1 2
K = Iω = M R ω2
2
2 2 5
1
= M R2 ω 2 When the center of the spool has moved
5 a distance of 4 m, what is the total kinetic
1
= (1.8 kg)(0.06 m)2 (90 rev/min)2 energy of the spool?
5 Answer in units of J.
 2  2  3 
2 π rad 1 min 10 mJ Correct answer: 72 J.
×
1 rev 60 s J
Explanation:
= 115.119 mJ . Let

m = 5 kg
033 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points r=3m
If an additional 1.5 J of energy are supplied to
F =9N
the rotational energy, what is the new angular
speed of the ball? d = 4 m.
Answer in units of rev/min.
Correct answer: 337.11 rev/min. When the center of the spool has traveled a
distance d, the force has acted on the string for
Explanation: a distance 2 d: i.e., the disk moves a distance
d and the string unwinds from the disk a
Let : ∆E = 1.5 J . distance d .
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 16
Using the kinematic equations
8m
F′
 
1 1
b b d = a t2 = t2
2 2 m

and
4m 4m F′
Hence the work done by the force is 2 F d, v = at = t
m
and from the work energy theorem,
we find that
K = W = 2F d
r
= 2 (9 N) (4 m) 2F′ d
v(d) = .
= 72 J . m
Alternative Solution: We can solve the The total kinetic energy at a distance x is
equations of motion (both translational and then
rotational) for the frictional force and use
kinematic equations to derive the final trans-
K = Ktrans + Krot
lational and rotational kinetic energy.
1 1
The equation of translational motion is = m v2 + I ω2
2 2
F + f = ma 1 1  v 2
= m v 2 + (β m r 2 ) .
and the equation for rotational motion is 2 2 r
a Using the expressions for v and F ′ we find
F r−fr =I α=I
r
where the final equality is a result of the 2F′ d 2F′ d
   
m
rolling without slipping condition. In both K= +β
2 m m
of the above equations we have assumed that 
1−β
 
the frictional force is in the same direction as = F d 1+ (1 + β)
1+β
the applied force. If this is not the case, we
will obtain a negative sign in our final result = F d (1 + β + 1 − β) = 2 F d .
for f . Equating the accelerations yields
F +f F −f
= . 035 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
m I
Find the acceleration of the spool’s center of
r2 mass.
If we consider a general moment of inertia Answer in units of m/s2 .
where I = β m r 2 we find the relationship Correct answer: 2 m/s2 .
between the frictional force f and the applied
force F Explanation:
The equation for translational motion reads
F +f F −f
=
m βm
F + f = ma
βF +βf =F −f
 
1−β
f= F. F r + f r = mar (1)
1+β
The total force on the spool is then and the equation for rotational motion is
 
′ 1−β a
F =f +F =F 1+ . F r−fr =I
1+β r
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 17
 
4 2 a 4 which is the same as Eq. 3.
F r−fr = mr = m r a . (2)
5 r 5
Adding equations (1) and (2), 036 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
Slope and a Loop 02 118314
9 A small, solid sphere of mass 0.9 kg and radius
2F r = mra
5 99 cm rolls without slipping along the track
10 F consisting of slope and loop-the-loop with ra-
a= (3)
9 m dius 3.3 m at the end of the slope. It starts
10 (9 N) from rest near the top of the track at a height
a=
9 (5 kg) h, where h is large compared to 99 cm.
= 2 m/s . 2 0.9 kg

Alternative Solution: From the previous

explanation, the total force can be written, in 99 cm
4 4
the case of I = m r 2 or β = , is
5 5
  
′ 1−β
F =F 1+
1+β
4
  
1−
= F 1 + 
  5  h
4 
1+
5 59 ◦
1
  
3.3 m
= F 1 +  5  P
  
9
 5
1
=F 1+
9 What is the minimum value of h (in terms
 
10 of the radius of the loop R) such that the
= F.
9 sphere completes the loop? The acceleration
due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2 . The moment of
The acceleration of the spool is then 2
inertia for a solid sphere is m r 2 .
10 F 10 (9 N) 5
a= = = 2 m/s2 . Answer in units of m.
9 m 9 (5 kg)
Correct answer: 6.237 m.
Alternative Solution: Using conserva-
tion of energy, where W = 2 d F from Part 1 Explanation:
and v 2 = v02 + 2 d a, we have
∆Krot + ∆Ktrans + ∆U = 0
1 1
m v2 + I ω2 = 2 d F
2  2 Note that initially the center of mass of the
1 1 4 v2 sphere is a distance h + r above the bottom of
m v2 + m r2 = 2dF
2 2 5 r2 the loop and as the mass reaches the top of the
9 loop, this distance above the reference is 2 R−
m v2 = 2 d F
10 r. The conservation of energy requirement
9 gives
m2da = 2dF
10
10 F 1 1
a= , m g (h + r) = m g (2 R − r) + m v2 + I ω2 .
9 m 2 2
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 18
2
For the sphere I = m r 2 and v = r ω so that
5 038 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
the expression becomes Airplane Momentum 92986
7 2 An airplane of mass 24744 kg flies level to the
gh+ 2gr = 2gR + v . (1) ground at an altitude of 11 km with a constant
10
speed of 184 m/s relative to the Earth.
h = hmin when the speed of the sphere at What is the magnitude of the airplane’s
the top of the loop satisfies the condition angular momentum relative to a ground ob-
server directly below the airplane in kg ·m2 /s?
X m v2 Answer in units of kg · m2 /s.
F = mg =
R−r Correct answer: 5.00819 × 1010 kg · m2 /s.
2
v = g (R − r) .

Substituting this into Eq. 1 gives Explanation:

7 Since the observer is directly below the air-

hmin = 2 (R − r) + (R − r)
10 plane,
= 2.7 (R − r)
= 2.7 (3.3 m − 0.99 m) L = hmv
= 6.237 m .

037 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points 039 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points

What are the force component in the hori- Does this value change as the airplane contin-
zontal direction on the sphere at the point P, ues its motion along a straight line?
which has coordinates (−R, 0) if we take the
center of the loop as origin, and if h = 3 R ? 1. Yes. L changes with certain period as the
Answer in units of N. airplane moves.
Correct answer: 41.4 N. 2. Yes. L changes in a random pattern as
Explanation: the airplane moves.
When the sphere is initially at h = 3 R and 3. Yes. L decreases as the airplane moves.
finally at point P, the conservation of energy 4. No. L = constant. correct
gives 5. Yes. L increases as the airplane moves.

1 1
m g (3 R + r) = m g R + m v2 + m v2 Explanation:
2 5
10 L = constant since the perpendicular dis-
v2 = (2 R + r) g , tance from the line of flight to Earth’s surface
7
doesn’t change.
so at point P, Fy = −m g and
040 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
m v2 Serway CP 08 50 92322
Fx = N = +
R−r A student sits on a rotating stool holding two
10 2 R + r 4.5 kg masses. When his arms are extended
=+ mg
7 R−r horizontally, the masses are 0.83 m from the
10 2(3.3 m) + 0.99 m axis of rotation, and he rotates with an angu-
=+ lar velocity of 1.9 rad/sec. The student then
7 3.3 m − 0.99 m
× (0.9 kg)(9.8 m/s2 ) pulls the weights horizontally to a shorter dis-
tance 0.38 m from the rotation axis and his
= 41.4 N . angular velocity increases to ω2 .
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 19

ωi ωf 041 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points

When the student pulls the weights in, he
performs mechanical work — which increases
the kinetic energy of the rotating system.
Calculate the increase in the kinetic energy.
Answer in units of J.
Correct answer: 19.9611 J.
Explanation:
The rotational kinetic energy is given by

For simplicity, assume the student himself I ω2 L2 Lω

plus the stool he sits on have constant com- K= = = .
2 2I 2
bined moment of inertia Is = 2.6 kg m2 .
Find the new angular velocity ω2 of the For the system in question — the student
student after he has pulled in the weights. and the weights — the angular momentum
Answer in units of rad/s. L stays constant while the moment of inertia
Correct answer: 4.28767 rad/s. decreases and the angular velocity increases;
hence K increases by
Explanation:
L ω2 L ω1
∆K = −
Let : M = 4.5 kg , 2 2
I 1 ω1
R1 = 0.83 m , = [ω2 − ω1 ]
2
ω1 = 1.9 rad/sec , (8.8001 kg m2 ) (1.9 rad/sec)
R2 = 0.38 m , and =
2
ω2 = 4.28767 rad/sec , × [(4.28767 rad/sec) − (1.9 rad/sec)]
As the student moves his arms, his moment = 19.9611 J .
of inertia changes from
I1 = Is + 2 m R12 042 10.0 points
= (2.6 kg m2 ) + 2 (4.5 kg) (0.83 m)2 Projectile Sticks to a Rod 01 95687
= 8.8001 kg m2 to A projectile of mass m = 1.32 kg moves to
I2 = (2.6 kg m ) + 2 (4.5 kg) (0.38 m)2
2 the right with speed v0 = 27.4 m/s. The pro-
jectile strikes and sticks to the end of a sta-
= 3.8996 kg m2 , tionary rod of mass M = 9.75 kg and length
but his angular momentum is conserved, d = 2.18 m that is pivoted about a frictionless
axle through its center.
L = I 1 ω1 = I 2 ω2 .
1
Consequently, his angular velocity increases Icm rod = M L2
from 12

ω1 = 1.9 rad/sec , to v0 ω
m
I1
ω2 = ω1
I2
(8.8001 kg m2 ) O d O
= (1.9 rad/sec)
(3.8996 kg m2 )
M
= 4.28767 rad/sec .
 Version 001 – 05 - Rotation – carroll – (5602) 20
Find the angular speed of the system right
after the collision.
Answer in units of rad/s.
Correct answer: 7.26 rad/s.
Explanation:
The initial angular momentum of the pro-
d
jectile about the pivot O is Li = m v0 . With
2
the projectile stuck to the end of the rod, the
rotational inertia of the projectile and the rod
combined about O is,
 2
d 1
If = m + M d2
2 12
 
m M
= + d2 (1)
4 12
 
(1.32 kg) (9.75 kg)
= + (2.18 m)2
4 12
2
= 5.43 kg m .

Using conservation of angular momentum, we

have

Li = If ω (2)
= r⊥ p
d
= m v0 (3)
2
Therefore, combining Eqs. (1), (2), and (3),
we have
d
m v0 12
ω= 2 ·
md 2 2
M d 12
+
4 12
6 m v0
=
(3 m + M ) d
6 (1.32 kg) (27.4 m/s)
=
[3 (1.32 kg) + (9.75 kg)] (2.18 m)
= 7.26 rad/s .