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CPP Report

Cpp report 3rd year diploma project

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14 views14 pages

CPP Report

Cpp report 3rd year diploma project

Uploaded by

vijaypatil7039
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF

TECHNICAL EDUCATION, MUMBAI

DR. D.Y. PATIL PRATISTHAN’S Y.B. PATIL


POLYTECHNIC, AKURDI, PUNE
Department of Mechanical Engineering

ACADEMIC YEAR
2024-2025

Capston Project Planning Report (CPP)

Arbio
(Arduino Based Human Following Robot)

Semester: 5th Scheme: I

Branch: Mechanical Year: 3rd


CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report titled "Arbio:
Arduino-Based Human Following Robot" has been
prepared and submitted by Vasudev Kamble, Vaibhav
Hobble, Abhijeet Kusmude, and Yash Kangana as part of
their coursework. The report outlines the proposed design,
methodology, and expected outcomes of the project. While
the project is still under development, this submission marks a
significant step in documenting their efforts and plans.

Date: 19/11/2024
Place: Akurdi, Pune

Mr. N.S Swami Dr. A.S Kondekar


(HOD) (PRINCIPAL)
Content
Sr.no Particulars Page
no.

1. Introduction 04

2. System Design 07

3. Equipment Required 08

4. Advantage and Limitations 10

5. 12
Conclusion
Introduction
The project titled "Arbio: Arduino-Based Human Following
Robot" aims to design and develop a robot capable of
autonomously following a human using Arduino as its core
controller. Human-following robots have significant
applications in industries, healthcare, and daily life, where they
can assist in carrying loads, providing support, or performing
tasks efficiently. This project explores the integration of
sensors, microcontrollers, and motor systems to create a
compact, cost-effective, and reliable solution. By leveraging
advanced technologies, Arbio seeks to demonstrate the
potential of robotics in simplifying human tasks.

the robot can track human movements and follow them


seamlessly. Its ability to carry and deliver items makes it
a versatile solution for various logistical and personal
assistance tasks, showcasing the practical benefits of
robotics in everyday life.
System Design
The base structure of the Arbio: Arduino-Based Human
Following Robot plays a crucial role in providing stability and
a strong foundation for all the components. For this project,
we have chosen an acrylic sheet due to its combination of
lightness, durability, and ease of modification. The acrylic
material allows for easy drilling and cutting, ensuring that the
components can be securely mounted.

Design of the Base

Shape and Size: The acrylic base


is designed in a rectangular or square
shape, ensuring a balanced distribution of weight. The size is
optimized to accommodate all necessary components, without
making the robot too large or heavy.
Thickness: The acrylic sheet used is thick enough (around 3-5
mm) to support the components without bending, yet light
enough to keep the overall weight manageable for easy
movement.
Mounting Holes: The base has pre-drilled mounting holes to
secure components like the Arduino, motor driver, motors,
and sensors. These holes are placed strategically to maintain
balance and prevent any part of the robot from becoming top-
heavy.
Smooth Edges: The edges of the acrylic sheet are smoothed or
rounded off to prevent injury during handling, as well as to
reduce the risk of damage to other components.
Functionality of the Base
Stability: The acrylic base keeps the robot grounded
while providing enough space for the motors and other
components to operate smoothly. The weight of the
battery and motors at the bottom helps lower the center
of gravity, increasing stability and preventing the robot
from tipping over during movement.
Space for Customization: The acrylic base also allows
for easy customization and modification, enabling future
upgrades or changes to accommodate different sensors,
motors, or additional features.
Accessibility for Wiring: The flat surface of the base
ensures that the wiring for the motor drivers, sensors, and
Arduino can be neatly arranged and easily accessed for
maintenance and troubleshooting.

Fig: Circuit Diagram


Equipment Required
Arduino Microcontroller
• Mounted on the acrylic base using screws or adhesive.
• Acts as the brain of the robot, processing input from
sensors and controlling the motors.

Motor Driver (L298N)


• Responsible for controlling the movement of the motors.
• Mounted beside the Arduino for easy wiring.
Dual Shaft Motors
• Two dual-shaft motors are fixed underneath the base to
provide movement.
• Connected to wheels, allowing the robot to move
forward, backward, and turn.

Sensors
• Infrared (IR) Sensors: Placed on the front and sides of
the robot to detect the position of the human and
obstacles.
• Ultrasonic Sensors: Optional, can be added for precise
distance measurement.
Jumper Wires
• Used to connect all the electronic components, ensuring
proper communication between the Arduino, motor
driver, and sensors.

Battery
• A rechargeable LPI 18550A+battery is mounted on the
base to power the entire system.
Advantage and
Limitations
o ADVANTAGE
Lightweight and Durable:
The use of acrylic sheet for the base ensures that the
robot remains lightweight, making it easy to maneuver.
Acrylic is also highly durable and resistant to wear and
tear, making it an ideal material for the robot’s base.
Customization:
Acrylic sheets are easy to cut, drill, and shape, allowing
for custom modifications and additions to the design.
This makes it flexible for future improvements or
alterations in the system design.
Cost-Effective:
Acrylic is relatively inexpensive compared to other
materials like metal or plastic, making it a cost-effective
choice for building the base of the robot. This helps in
keeping the overall project budget low.
Ease of Assembly:
The simple structure and design of the acrylic base make
assembly easier, as the components can be easily
mounted with screws or adhesive, reducing time and
complexity during the construction process.
Weight Distribution:
The base design ensures an even weight distribution,
which helps maintain the stability of the robot during
operation, preventing it from tipping over while moving
or carrying items.
Space Efficiency:
The compact design of the base allows all essential
components, including the motor driver, Arduino,
motors, and sensors, to be housed neatly in a small area,
making the robot more portable and easy to handle.

o LIMITATION
Brittleness of Acrylic:
While acrylic is durable, it is also somewhat brittle and can
crack or shatter if dropped or subjected to impact. This
makes the robot vulnerable to damage in harsh
environments or accidental falls.
Limited Load-Bearing Capacity:
Acrylic is not as strong as metals like aluminum or steel.
This means the base can have a limited load-bearing
capacity, restricting the weight of the items the robot can
carry. For heavier payloads, a more robust material would
be required.
Difficulty in Repair:
If the acrylic base cracks or gets damaged, it may be
difficult to repair, especially if it involves intricate cuts or
shapes. In some cases, replacement might be necessary.
Aesthetic Limitations:
While acrylic offers a clean and modern look, it may not
provide the same premium finish or aesthetic appeal as
more polished materials like plastic or metal. This can be a
limitation if the robot is meant to be visually appealing for
display or marketing.
Environmental Sensitivity:
Acrylic is sensitive to temperature changes and may
become more brittle in colder environments, which could
affect its performance in certain conditions, limiting its use
in extreme climates.
Fragility in High-Vibration Conditions:
The acrylic base may not perform well in environments
with high vibrations or shocks, which could cause the
components to shift or malfunction.
Conclution
The Arbio: Arduino-Based Human Following Robot is an
innovative project that aims to combine the power of robotics
and automation to create a practical solution for human
assistance. By using simple yet effective components such as an
Arduino microcontroller, dual-shaft motors, infrared sensors,
and an acrylic base, the robot can autonomously follow a human
and deliver items, making it highly versatile for various
applications like material transportation, personal assistance,
and more.

The design of the robot emphasizes ease of construction, cost-


effectiveness, and customization, ensuring that it can be adapted
and enhanced for future needs. The acrylic base, while
lightweight and durable, serves as an ideal foundation for
mounting the essential components while maintaining the
stability and portability of the robot.

While there are certain limitations in terms of load capacity and


the fragility of the acrylic material, the project still demonstrates
significant potential in improving daily tasks and showcases the
benefits of integrating robotics with simple technologies.
Moving forward, enhancements can be made to improve its
functionality, load-bearing capacity, and overall durability,
making Arbio an even more reliable and efficient solution for
practical use cases.

In conclusion, the Arbio project serves as a stepping stone in the


exploration of autonomous robots and their potential in assisting
human activities, opening doors to further research and
development in the field of robotics.
REFERENCE

▪ www.google.com
▪ https://www.circuit-diagram.org
▪ https://www.amazon.in
▪ https://www.istockphoto.com/stock-photos
▪

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