1.

UNITS OF STORAGE IN COMPUTER (ii)

2. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
3. BASIC (I)
4. BASIC (II)
5. GRAPHICS PACKAGES
6. PRACTICALS (BASIC)
7. WORKING WITH MS-PAINT ENVIRONMENT
8. PRACTICALS (GRAPHICS PACKAGES)
WEEK 1

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: UNITS OF STORAGE IN COMPUTER (1)
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS:
AVERAGE AGE: 12
PREVIOUS LESSON:

MAIN AIM: To help the students understand the various units of storage in
the computer system

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
 Understand the various units of storage in the computer,
 List and explain the various units of storage in the computer,
 Convert from one unit of storage to the other.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students understand the various ways to convert from
one unit of storage to another.

ASSUMPTION: it is assumed that the students do not know the various units of
measurement in computer storage and processing.

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: The students have difficulty in knowing the capacity of a

unit from the other.

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: the teacher takes students through the various units of
measurement and their capacity.

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, computer, mobile phone, Flash Drive.

STEP: UNITS OF STORAGE IN COMPUTERS
The various units of storage in computer science are the means of representing,
storing and measuring data and information in the computer.
These unit ranges from the small capacity units such as Bit to the big capacity units
such as Petabyte.
1. Bit: This means (binary digits) either 0 or 1 in the binary number system. In
computer processing and storage, a bit is the smallest unit of information
handled by a computer.
2. Byte: The byte is a unit of information consisting of 8 bits. In the computer
processing and storage, a byte is equivalent to a single character, such as a
letter, a numeral, or a punctuation mark.
3. Nibble: This is the computing term for a four-bit aggregation, or half an octet
(an octet beign an 8-bit byte. In some computer systems, four bytes constitute a
word, a unit that a computer processor can be designed to handle efficiently as
it reads and processes each instruction.
4. Kilobyte: A Kilobyte (kb or Kbyte) is a unit of measurement indicating
approximately one thousand and twenty-four bytes (1,024 bytes).
5. Megabyte (MB): Is a unit of measurement indicating either one million bytes
or 1,048,576 bytes or 2020 i.e. 1024x1024bytes.
6. Word: A word is a string of bits stored in the computer memory; large
computers use words upto 64 bits long.
7. Gigabytes (GB): A gigabyte is one billion bytes. A gigabyte can also be either
1000 megabytes or 1024 megabytes, i.e. 1024x1024x1024 bytes.
8. Terabyte (TB): Terabyte stands for one trillion bytes, i.e. 1024 gigabytes i.e.
1024x1024x1024x1024 bytes.
9. Petabyte: This is a unit of information that is equal to 1024 terabytes i.e.
1024x1024x1024x1024x1024 bytes.

STEP 2: Putting it differently:

4bits = 1 nibble
8bits = 1byte
16bits = 2bytes (1 word)
1,000bytes = I kilobyte (1kb)
1, 000,000 (106) bytes =1 megabyte (1MB)

1,000,000,000 (109) bytes = 1 gigabyte (1GM)

1,000,000,000,000 (1012) bytes = 1 terabyte (1TB)

1,000,000,000,000,000 (1015) bytes= 1petabyte (1PB)

Storage Exact Size Approximate Size (In

Bytes)

Kilobyte 1024B 1,000

 Megabyte 1024KB 1,000,000

Gigabyte 1024MB 1,000,000,000

Terabyte 1024GB 1,000,000,000,000

Petabyte 1024TB 1,000,000,000,000,00

0

Converting from one storage to Another

Example:

1. Convert 700mb to bytes

Solution:
1MB = 1,000,000bytes
700MB =x

Therefore, x = 700 x 1,000,000bytes

Ans = 700,000,000bytes

2. Convert 700MB to words

Solution:
2bytes = 1 word
700,000,000bytes =m

Therefore, m = 700,000,000 x 1
2bytes

Ans = 350,000,000 words

3. Convert 700Bytes to bits

Solution
1byte = 8bits
700,000,000bytes = 700,000,000 x 8bits
1byte
Ans. 5,600,000,000bits.

4. Convert 700mb to Nibbles

Solution
4bits = 1 nibble
56 x 108 bit = 56 x 10 x 1 nibble
4 bits
Ans. = 14 x 108 nibble

Evaluation:

1. Convert 8bytes to words?

2. 12nibbles to bits?

3. 25bytes to bits?

SUMMARY:
 The byte is a unit of information consisting of 8 bits. In the computer
processing and storage, a byte is equivalent to a single character, such as
a letter, a numeral, or a punctuation mark.
 Nibble is the computing term for a four-bit aggregation, or half an octet
(an octet being an 8-bit byte. In some computer systems, four bytes
constitute a word, a unit that a computer processor can be designed to
handle efficiently as it reads and processes each instruction.
 A Kilobyte (kb or Kbyte) is a unit of measurement indicating
approximately one thousand and twenty-four bytes (1,024 bytes).
 The Megabyte (MB) Is a unit of measurement indicating either one million
bytes or 1,048,576 bytes or 2020 i.e. 1024x1024bytes.
 A word is a string of bits stored in the computer memory; large computers
use words upto 64 bits long.
 A gigabyte is one billion bytes. A gigabyte can also be either 1000
megabytes or 1024 megabytes, i.e. 1024x1024x1024 bytes.
 A Terabyte stands for one trillion bytes, i.e. 1024 gigabytes i.e.
1024x1024x1024x1024 bytes.
 Petabyte is a unit of information that is equal to 1024 terabytes i.e.
1024x1024x1024x1024x1024 bytes.
ASSIGNMENT:
Complete The Table Below
Storage Exact size Approximate size (in bytes)
________________ 1024B 1,000
Megabyte ____________________ 1,000,000
Gigabyte 1024mb ______________________
Terabyte 1024GB 1,000,000,000,000
__________________ _________________ ________________

CONCLUSSION: The students understand the various units of storage in the

computer system

TEACHER’S EVALUATION: the students understand the various ways to convert

from one unit of storage to another.
WEEK 2

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: UNITS OF STORAGE IN COMPUTER (ii)
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS: 13
AVERAGE AGE: 11yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: Units of Storage in Computer (1)

MAIN AIM: To help the students understand the common capacity

measurement.

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
 Know the common capacity measurements,
 Know the difference between a Kilobyte, Megabyte and Gigabyte.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students understand the different capacity
measurements and their units.

ASSUMPTION: The students are not familiar with the common capacity
measurements.

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: The students find it difficult to differentiate between the

common capacity measurements.

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher takes the students through the various common
capacity measurements.

TEACHING AIDS: marker, computer, mobile phone.

STEP 1: COMMON CAPACITY MEASUREMENT
Below are the common capacity measurements;
1. Kilometer: This is a unit of measurement that is used to measure distance.
Example: The distance between Lagos and Kaduna is 906km. This is the same
thing as
906 000metres. 1000 meter (m) = 1kilometre (km).

2. Kilograms: This is a unit of measurement that is used to measure weights of

objects.
Example: The weight of my brother is 7kg. This is the same as 7000grammes.
1000grams (gm) = 1kilogramme (kg).

3. Kilobyte: This is a unit of measurement that is used to measure the size of data and
information in computer storage.
Example: The size of the diskette is 1 474.56KB. This is the same thing as
1474.56 x 1024 bytes or 1024bytes or 1.44KB.
1024bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB).
4. Kilowatt: This is a unit of measurement that is used to measure the amount of
electric of current consumed.
Example: The amount of electric current consumed by our electric cooker is
0.002kilowatts. This is the same thing as 0.002 x 1000 watts or 2watts.
1000watts = kilowatt (KW).

STEP 2: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A KILOBYTE, A MEGABYTE AND A GIGABYTE

A kilobyte is a unit of digital information consisting of approximately 1,000 bytes. A
megabyte contains approximately 1,000,000 bytes, while a gigabyte contains
approximately 1,000,000,000 bytes. Therefore, major difference among the three
storage units have to do with their storage capacities. A gigabyte has the highest
storage units; kilobyte has the least storage capacity.

EVALUATION:

1. Explain the following; (a) Kilobyte (b) Kilogram (c) Kilowatt and (d) Kilometer.
2. State the difference between Kilobyte, Megabyte and Gigabyte.
SUMMARY:

 Kilometer is a unit of measurement that is used to measure distance.

 Kilograms is a unit of measurement that is used to measure weights of objects.
 Kilobyte is a unit of measurement that is used to measure the size of data and
information in computer storage.
 Kilowatt is a unit of measurement that is used to measure the amount of electric
of current consumed.
 A kilobyte is a unit of digital information consisting of approximately 1,000
bytes. A megabyte contains approximately 1,000,000 bytes, while a gigabyte
contains approximately 1,000,000,000 bytes. Therefore, major difference
among the three storage units have to do with their storage capacities. A
gigabyte has the highest storage units; kilobyte has the least storage capacity.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Define Kilowatt, Kilogram and Kilometer?

2. Distinguish between kilogram, kilometer, kilobyte, and kilowatt.

CONCLUSSION: the students understand the common capacity measurement.

TEACHER’S EVALUATION: the students understand the different capacity

measurements and their units.

WEEK 3

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS:
AVERAGE AGE: 12yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: Units of Storage in Computer (II)

MAIN AIM: To help the students understand what programming language is.

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
 Define Programming Language,
 State and explain the types of programming Language,
 Examples of High-level language.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students understand what programming language is
and its types.

ASSUMPTION: it is assumed that the students do not know what programming

Language is all about.

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: The student doesn’t know what Computer programming

language is all about

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher takes the student through the lesson and
explains the term computer programming language.

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, computer programming software (python).

STEP 1: Definition of Terms

Language is a system of communication by written or spoken word which is used by

the people of a particular country or area.

Computer language is a system of instructions and commands for operating a

computer. It is a language that the computer understands and executes.

A program is a series of instructions which enable the computer to carry out some
laid down procedures to accomplish a given task or solve a problem.

Programming is the act of giving the computer a set of instructions or codes to carry
out, or perform a specific task.

Programming can also be said to be the process of taking the step in a procedure
and putting such in special languages (coding), which is the computer can
understand.
A computer programming language is a large number of steps required to carry
out a procedure, for example, to compute student examination scores.

STAGE 2: Types of Computer Programming Languages

There are two types of computer languages:

Low-Level Language: Unlike human beings, the computer understands codes of

digital binary numbers. These binary digits are made up of zeros (0) and ones (1), for
example,1100011, 10000111, 101001101. These digits are called low level language
and it is the language the computer understands since the CPU operates by
responding to electrical signals. There are two types of low-level languages. They are:

1. Machine language and

2. Assembly languages

High-Level Language: High level languages are human understandable languages.

They allow programmers to write programs that are not dependent on the design of
the CPU. High level languages are human languages and are used to solve problems.
The advantage of high-level languages over low level languages is that they are
easier to read, easier to write and easier to use. However, programs written in high
level languages must be translated into a language the computer understands. i.e.
machine language by a translator. Examples of high-level languages are:
a) Fortran
b) COBOL
c) Logo
d) Pascal
e) Algo
f) Dbase
g) C
h) C+
i) C++
j) Basic
k) Java

EVALUATION:
1. Define the following;
(a) Programming (b) Programming Language (c) High level Language
2. Write short note on Low-Level Language.

SUMMARY:
 Language is a system of communication by written or spoken word which is
used by the people of a particular country or area.
 Computer language is a system of instructions and commands for operating a
computer. It is a language that the computer understands and executes.
 A program is a series of instructions which enable the computer to carry out
some laid down procedures to accomplish a given task or solve a problem.
 Programming is the act of giving the computer a set of instructions or codes to
carry out, or perform a specific task.
 Programming can also be said to be the process of taking the step in a
procedure and putting such in special languages (coding), which is the
computer can understand.
 A computer programming language is a large number of steps required to carry
out a procedure, for example, to compute student examination scores.
  Low-Level Language Unlike human beings, the computer understands codes of
digital binary numbers.

ASSIGNMENT:
1. Define the following;
(a) Programming (b) Programming Language (c) High level Language
2. Write short note on Low-Level Language.
3. Differentiate between High-level Language and Low-level language.

CONCLUSSION: The students understand what programming language is.

TEACHER’S EVALUATION: The students understand what programming language is

and its types.
WEEK 4

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: BASIC (I)
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS: 13
AVERAGE AGE: 14yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: programming language

MAIN AIM: To help the students understand the meaning of BASIC and what
it is used for.

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to
understand what programming language is all about.
 Define BASIC,
 Basic Menu and Keywords,
 Understand the functions of each BASIC keyword.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students understand programming using BASIC

ASSUMPTION: it is assumed that the students don’t know how to write simple
computer program

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: the students don’t know how to write simple computer
program using BASIC,

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher introduces the student to BASIC

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, computer programming software (pythion)

STEP 1: DEFINITION OF BASIC

BASIC is the acronym for Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instructional Code (BASIC)

It is a programming language for beginners because it is easy to use and understand,

and because it contains the same major idea used in many other languages thought
to be more difficult, such as Pascal.
BASIC was developed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz in the mid-1960s.

Working with Basic Using Various Menus

NEW: New is used when you want to start a new program

OPEN: When you want to update a program that you already worked on, choose open
and then choose the program that you wish to work on
SAVE: When you have saved a program once before and you want to save it again,
choose save. Save your work often
SAVE AS: When you want to save a program for the first time, choose Save As. You
then have to give your program a name. Your program name should not be more than
8 letters long.
PRINT: Choose print when you want to send your program to the printer.

Key BASIC STATEMENTS

Programming is an art that can be seen from different views. The keywords or the
reserved words are the tools that we use in writing BASIC programs. They are
instructions that are carried out by the program translator, i.e., the compiler and the
interpreter. They include:

 PRINT,
 CLS,
 REM,
 READ
 GOTO,
 DATA
 FOR … NEXT,
 IF … THEN …ELSE,
 LIST
 LOAD / (OPEN),
 END,
 STOP

1. Remark Statement (REM): This is a remark. It does not affect the program in
terms of instruction or command line.
a. REM: It is used in explaining what the program is all about. Example, 10 REM.
Program to calculate average of numbers. This statement will appear as comment on
the screen
2. Assignment Statement: This keyword is used in assigning values to variables,
e.g. READ, DATA, LET, INPUT
a. READ statement: This is a statement used in giving values to variables. Usually
READ statement has DATA statement with it.
Examples,
I 10 READ I,M,N
 20 DATA 5,7,9
II 10 READ A,B,C
20 DATA 1,2,3
B. DATA statement: This statement is used in attaching strings of fixed characters
and numeric data in BASIC. A DATA statement can have one piece of data or many.
Either of these is called DATA element. DATA elements are separated by commas (,).
Examples,
I. 10 READ A,B,C,D
20 DATA 6,7,15,10
30 PRINT “SUM” = A+B+C+D
40 RUN
SUM =38
II. 10 REM PROGRAM TO SUM NUMBERS
20 READ X,Y,Z
30 DATA 15,10,20
40 PRINT “SUM” = X+Y+Z
SUM = 45
C. LET statement: This statement is used in attaching strings of fixed characters and
numeric data in BASIC.
Examples,
I. 5 LET A = 50
10 LET B = 10
15 LET C = A + B
Here the lines are 5, 10, 15

II. 10 READ A, B,C,D

20 DATA 6,7,15,10
30 LET SUM = A +B + C + D
RUN
SUM = 38

D. INPUT statement: This statement is used assigning values to variables.

Examples,
I) 10 INPUT A
20 INPUT B
30 INPUT C
40 PRINT A, B, C
3. Program Terminator
These keywords are used to terminate the program, e.g. STOP AND END
a) STOP statement: This statement is used to terminate a program.
b) END statement: This statement is used to terminate a program.
Example,
10 REM
20 GOTO 50 (The program moves to line 50)
30 READ A, B ,C, D
40 PRINT “SUM” = A+B+C+D
50 STOP

4. Output Statement.
This keyword is reversed to display output from the computer, e.g. PRINT
a) PRINT statement: This statement is used to transmit or display output data from
the computer. The PRINT statement is usually followed by a list of items to be
displayed and each item is separated by a comma (,) or semi-colon (;)
Examples are:
I) 10 PRINT A, B, C
20 PRINT “X” =; “Y” = Y
This statement will cause the monitor to display whatever is stored in the non-numeric
variables ABC and whatever is stored in X and Y.
II) PRINT (2*4)/2
The monitor will display 60
III) 5 LET A = 50
10 LET B = 10
15 LET C = A + B
20 PRINT C
The monitor will display 60

EVALUATION:
1. Define the following;
(a) New (b) Open (c) Save (d) Save As Print
2. Explain the following;
(a) Remark Statement (b) Assignment Statement (c) DATA statement (d) Let
statement.

SUMMARY:
 BASIC is the acronym for Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instructional Code
(BASIC)
 It is a programming language for beginners because it is easy to use and
understand, and because it contains the same major idea used in many other
languages thought to be more difficult, such as Pascal.
 BASIC was developed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz in the mid-1960s.

 New is used when you want to start a new program

 OPEN: When you want to update a program that you already worked on, choose
open and then choose the program that you wish to work on
 SAVE: When you have saved a program once before and you want to save it
again, choose save. Save your work often
 SAVE AS: When you want to save a program for the first time, choose Save As.
You then have to give your program a name. Your program name should not be
more than 8 letters long.
 PRINT: Choose print when you want to send your program to the printer.
 Programming is an art that can be seen from different views. The keywords or
the reserved words are the tools that we use in writing BASIC programs. They
are instructions that are carried out by the program translator, i.e., the compiler
and the interpreter.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Define the following;

(a) New (b) Open (c) Save (d) Save As Print
2. Explain the following;
(a) Remark Statement (b) Assignment Statement (c) DATA statement (d) Let
statement.
CONCLUSSION: The students understand the meaning of BASIC and what it is used
for
TEACHER’S EVALUATION: The students understand programming using BASIC
WEEK 5

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: BASIC (II)
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS: 13
AVERAGE AGE: 14yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: BASIC (I)

MAIN AIM: To help the students write BASIC programs for solving simple
Mathematical calculations.

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to
understand what programming language is all about.
 How to write simple BASIC program,
 Write a BASIC program for finding the area of a Triangle,
 Write a BASIC program for solving simple interest.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students in writing simple BASIC programs.

ASSUMPTION: it is assumed that the students don’t know how to write simple
computer program

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: the students don’t know how to write simple computer
program using BASIC,

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher introduces the student to BASIC

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, computer programming software (pythion)

STEP 1: Writing Simple Basic Programs
1. Write a BASIC program to calculate the product of three numbers
Solution:
100 REM: Program to calculate the product of three numbers
200 LIST:
300 PROD
400 READ A, B, C
500 DATA 3, 4, 9
600 LET P = A*B*C
700 PRINT P
800 END
Note: The line number does not affect the program.

2. Write a program to calculate the area of a circle. (Area= πr2)

Solution:
10 CLS
15 Program to calculate area of a circle
20 Let area = 3.142*r**2
25 PRINT area
30 END

3. Write a program to calculate simple interest

Solution:
Algorithm to calculate S.I
STEP (1) Using pseudo code
S.I. = PRT
100
Begin
INPUT P, R, T
S.I. = (P*R*T)/100
PRINT 1

4. Write a BASIC program to calculate the sum of two numbers

Solution:
REM a program to add 2 numbers
CLS
INPUT Number 1
INPUT Number 2
TOTAL = Number 1 + Number 2
PRINT “TOTAL”
END

5. Write a BASIC program to find the average of 3 Numbers

Solution:
REM A program to find the average of 3 numbers
CLS
INPUT NUMBER 1
INPUT Number 2
INPUT Number 3
TOTAL = Number 1 + Number 2 + Number 3
AVERAGE = TOTAL/3
PRINT
END

6. Write a BASIC program to calculate the area of a triangle with base

Solution:
REM A program to find the average of 3 numbers
CLS
INPUT base
INPUT height
AREA = 0.5 base * height
PRINT
EVALUATION:
1. Write a program to find the product of four numbers using the ‘LET’ statement?
2. Write a program to calculate the average of five numbers using the ‘INPUT’
statement?
ASSIGNMENT:
1. Write a program to calculate simple interest using the ‘READ, DATA, LET, PRINT’
statements.
[Hint: S.I = PRT/100].
CONCLUSION:
TEACHERS’S EVALUATION: The students understand programming using BASIC
WEEK 6

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: GRAPHICS PACKAGES
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS:
AVERAGE AGE: 12yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: BASIC (II)

MAIN AIM: To help the students understand what a graphic package is and its uses.

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
 Define Graphic Package,
 Mention examples of Graphic packages,
 List and explain the features of graphic package environment.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students understand what a graphic package is and
various examples.

ASSUMPTION: it is assumed that the students know what graphics is.

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: the students don’t know the various graphic packages
we have,

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher defines graphic packages and lists the examples
of graphic packages.

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, Marker board, New Computer Studies Textbook,
diagrams and a computer system.
STEP 1: DEFINITION OF GRAPHICS PACKAGES
Graphic packages are specially designed software that are used for graphic
production of images, drawings, designs, pictures and other graphic related jobs.
Graphic can also be defined as those programs that allow artists and other people to
use a computer to create, edit, display and print graphics images.

STEP 2: EXAPMPLES OF GRAPHICS PACKAGES

The common graphics packages are:
2. Ms- Paint
3. CorelDraw
4. Instant Artist
5. Print Artist
6. Harvard Graphic
7. Logic Graphic
8. CorelDream
9. Logo Graphic
10. Auto CAD
11. Photo Shop
Others are Adobe InDesign, QuarkXPress, Adobe Illustrator, Macromedia Freehand,
Corel Photo-Paint and Jasc Paint Shop Pro.

STEP 3: FEATURES OF GRAPHICS PACKAGE ENVIRONMENT.

The main features of all graphics software include but are not restricted to the
following:

1. The Title Bar: This is always the topmost part of the graphics environment. It
contains the name of the program, the name of the file and the sizing bars

2. The Toolbar: The toolbar is where all the tools needed for graphic Jobs are
kept. These tools include the select tool, text tool, fill tool, and outline tool.

3. The Menu Bar: The menu bar contains the menu items which contains sub-
menus that are commands used to carry out tasks. Examples of sub-menus
include File, Edit, View, Image, Colour, And Help

4. The Printable Area: This is the rectangular area whose content will be printed.
Any object outside its content will not be printed.

5. The Colour Palatte: This tool is used to choose the colour needed to paint
objects.

6. The Status Bar: This bar gives the position and status of the cursor or mouse
pointer. It displays the page number, line number, e.tc

EVALUATION:
1. Explain the term ‘Graphic Package’?
2. Give five (5) examples of graphic packages?
SUMMARY:
  Graphic packages are specially designed software that are used for graphic
production of images, drawings, designs, pictures and other graphic related
jobs.
 Graphic can also be defined as those programs that allow artists and other
people to use a computer to create, edit, display and print graphics images.
 The Title Bar is always the topmost part of the graphics environment. It contains
the name of the program, the name of the file and the sizing bars
 The toolbar is where all the tools needed for graphic Jobs are kept. These tools
include the select tool, text tool, fill tool, and outline tool.
 The menu bar contains the menu items which contains sub-menus that are
commands used to carry out tasks. Examples of sub-menus include File, Edit,
View, Image, Colour, And Help
 The Printable Area is the rectangular area whose content will be printed. Any
object outside its content will not be printed.
 The Colour Palatte tool is used to choose the colour needed to paint objects.

ASSIGNMENT:
1. Explain the term ‘Graphic Package’?
2. Give five (5) examples of graphic packages?
3. Mention four (4) features of a graphics package environment?
CONCLUSION:
TEACHER’S EVALUATION: The students understand Graphic Packages and its uses

WEEK 7

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: PRACTICALS (BASIC)
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS: 13
AVERAGE AGE: 14yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: BASIC (I)

MAIN AIM: To help the students write BASIC programs for solving simple
Mathematical calculations.

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to
understand what programming language is all about.
 How to write simple BASIC program,
 Write a BASIC program for finding the area of a Triangle,
 Write a BASIC program for solving simple interest.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students in writing simple BASIC programs.

ASSUMPTION: it is assumed that the students don’t know how to write simple
computer program

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: the students don’t know how to write simple computer
program using BASIC,

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher introduces the student to BASIC

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, computer programming software (python),

computer Laboratory
STEP 1: Writing Simple Basic Programs
7. Write a BASIC program to calculate the product of three numbers
Solution:
100 REM: Program to calculate the product of three numbers
200 LIST:
300 PROD
400 READ A, B, C
500 DATA 3, 4, 9
600 LET P = A*B*C
700 PRINT P
800 END
Note: The line number does not affect the program.

8. Write a program to calculate the area of a circle. (Area= πr2)

Solution:
10 CLS
15 Program to calculate area of a circle
20 Let area = 3.142*r**2
25 PRINT area
30 END

9. Write a program to calculate simple interest

Solution:
Algorithm to calculate S.I
STEP (1) Using pseudo code
S.I. = PRT
100
Begin
INPUT P, R, T
S.I. = (P*R*T)/100
PRINT 1

10. Write a BASIC program to calculate the sum of two numbers

Solution:
REM a program to add 2 numbers
CLS
INPUT Number 1
INPUT Number 2
TOTAL = Number 1 + Number 2
PRINT “TOTAL”
END

11. Write a BASIC program to find the average of 3 Numbers

Solution:
REM A program to find the average of 3 numbers
CLS
INPUT NUMBER 1
INPUT Number 2
INPUT Number 3
TOTAL = Number 1 + Number 2 + Number 3
AVERAGE = TOTAL/3
PRINT
END

12. Write a BASIC program to calculate the area of a triangle with base
Solution:
REM A program to find the average of 3 numbers
CLS
INPUT base
INPUT height
AREA = 0.5 base * height
PRINT
EVALUATION:
3. Write a program to find the product of four numbers using the ‘LET’ statement?
4. Write a program to calculate the average of five numbers using the ‘INPUT’
statement?
ASSIGNMENT:
12. Write a program to calculate simple interest using the ‘READ, DATA, LET,
PRINT’ statements.
[Hint: S.I = PRT/100].
CONCLUSION:
TEACHERS’S EVALUATION: The students understand programming using BASIC
WEEK 8

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: WORKING WITH MS-PAINT ENVIRONMENT
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS:
AVERAGE AGE: 12yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: GRAPHIC PACKAGES

MAIN AIM: To help the students understand what a graphic package is and its uses.

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
 ,
 Mention examples of Graphic packages,
 List and explain the features of graphic package environment.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students understand what a graphic package is and
various examples.

ASSUMPTION: it is assumed that the students know what graphics is.

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: the students don’t know the various graphic packages
we have,

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher defines graphic packages and lists the examples
of graphic packages.

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, Marker board, New Computer Studies Textbook,
diagrams and a computer system.

STEP 1: INTRODUCTION TO MICROSOFT PAINT

Microsoft paint is a graphic package that is used for designing and editing images,
pictures and graphic drawings

STEP 1: FEATURES OF PAINT ENVIRONMENT

The following are features of the paint environment:
 Artistic brushes;
 Shapes
 Changing sizes
 Full screen view
 Ruler and gridlines
 Colour selection
 Duplicity

STEP 2: Paint Tools

 Pencil tool
  Brush tool
 Line tool
 Curve tool

STEP 3: Paint Tools and Their Functions

1. Drawing Lines:
You can use several different tools to draw in Paint. The tool you use and the options you select
determine how the line appears in your drawing. The following are the tools you can use to draw
lines in Paint:

a. Pencil tool: This tool is used to draw thin, free-form lines or curves
On the Home tab, in the Tools group, click the Pencil tool.
In the Colours group, click Colour 1. Click a colour and the then drag the pointer in the pointer in
the picture to draw.
To draw using the colour 2 (background colour), right-click while you drag the pointer.

b. Brush tool: This tool is used to draw lines that have different appearances and textures. It is
like using different artistic brushes. By using different brushes, you can draw free-form and
curving lines that have different effects.
 On the Home tab, click the down arrow under Brushes
 Click the artistic brush that you want to use.
 Click Size, and then click a line size, which determines the thickness of the brush stroke.
 In the Colours group, click Colour 1. Click a colour and then drag the pointer to paint

c. Line tool: This tool is used to draw a straight line. When using this tool, you can choose the
thickness of the line, as well as the appearance of it.
d. Curve tool: This tool is used to draw a smooth, curved line.

EVALUATION:
1. Mention five (5) features of the paint environment
2. Mention four (4) paint tools and their functions
SUMMARY:

 The tool you use and the options you select determine how the line appears in your drawing.
 Pencil tool is used to draw thin, free-form lines or curves
 Brush tool is used to draw lines that have different appearances and textures. It is like using
different artistic brushes. By using different brushes, you can draw free-form and curving lines
that have different effects.
 Line tool is used to draw a straight line. When using this tool, you can choose the thickness of
the line, as well as the appearance of it.
 Curve tool is used to draw a smooth, curved line.

ASSIGNMENT:
1. Mention five (5) features of the paint environment
2. Mention four (4) paint tools and their functions
3. List three common paint tools

CONCLUSION:
TEACHER’S EVALUATION: The students understand Microsoft paint and how it’s been
used.
WEEK 9

TERM: First Term

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES
TOPIC: PRACTICALS (GRAPHICS PACKAGES)
CLASS: JSS 2
NUMBER IN CLASS:
AVERAGE AGE: 12yrs
PREVIOUS LESSON: PRACTICALS(BASIC)

MAIN AIM: To help the students understand design with graphic .

SUBSIDIARY AIMS: By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
 Getting familiarize with Corel draw packages environment
 Design the National flag,
 Design KKIS flag,

.
PERSONAL AIM: To assist the students understand to design with Corel draw design
software

ASSUMPTION: It is assumed that the students know how to design.

ANTICIPATED PROBLEMS: The students don’t know how to design using graphic
package

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: The teacher defines graphic packages and lists the examples
of graphic packages.

TEACHING AIDS: marker, chalk, Marker board, New Computer Studies Textbook,
diagrams and a computer system