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Assignment 2 Tidyr

R assignment

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10 views2 pages

Assignment 2 Tidyr

R assignment

Uploaded by

prashatri5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 2

Q1: Discuss tidyr Package in R Programming


The `tidyr` package in R is part of the tidyverse collection of packages designed for data
manipulation and cleaning. It provides a set of functions to restructure and clean datasets,
enabling data scientists and analysts to organize their data in a format that is easier to
analyze and visualize. The primary goal of `tidyr` is to convert datasets into a tidy format,
where each variable is a column, each observation is a row, and each type of observational
unit forms a table.

The tidy data principles ensure consistency and compatibility with other tidyverse tools like
`dplyr`, `ggplot2`, and `purrr`. The `tidyr` package offers a suite of tools for reshaping,
splitting, and unifying data to make it suitable for analysis.

Q2: tidyr Package Functions for Data Cleaning


The `tidyr` package provides several functions that are essential for cleaning and reshaping
data. Below are key functions with examples using inbuilt datasets in R:

1. gather()
The `gather()` function reshapes data from a wide format to a long format, combining
multiple columns into key-value pairs. It is particularly useful when variables are spread
across columns and need to be combined into two columns: one for the variable name and
another for its value.

Example using the `mtcars` dataset:

```R
library(tidyr)
data <- data.frame(model = rownames(mtcars), mtcars[, 1:4])
tidy_data <- gather(data, key = "variable", value = "value", mpg:hp)
print(tidy_data)
```

2. separate()
The `separate()` function splits a single column into multiple columns based on a specified
delimiter. This is helpful when data is stored in a combined format, such as a full name or a
date.

Example using a custom dataset:

```R
data <- data.frame(name = c("John_Doe", "Jane_Smith"))
tidy_data <- separate(data, name, into = c("first_name", "last_name"), sep = "_")
print(tidy_data)
```

3. spread()
The `spread()` function transforms data from a long format to a wide format, converting
key-value pairs into columns. This is useful when observations need to be spread across
multiple columns.

Example using a custom dataset:

```R
data <- data.frame(key = c("A", "A", "B", "B"),
variable = c("X", "Y", "X", "Y"),
value = c(1, 2, 3, 4))
tidy_data <- spread(data, key = variable, value = value)
print(tidy_data)
```

4. unite()
The `unite()` function combines multiple columns into a single column, with values
separated by a specified delimiter. It is the inverse of the `separate()` function.

Example using a custom dataset:

```R
data <- data.frame(first_name = c("John", "Jane"), last_name = c("Doe", "Smith"))
tidy_data <- unite(data, full_name, first_name, last_name, sep = " ")
print(tidy_data)
```

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