ICT Skills

1. Define the term ICT

Ans. ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. It is a set of digital technology
including computers hardware, software and networking for storing, managing and communicating
the information.

2. How do you copy a file or folder using drag and drop method?
Ans. Follow the steps to copy file or folder using drag and drop method:
Select a file or a folder you wish to copy
Hold down the Ctrl key while dragging it to the new location. A Copy of the file is
automatically created.
3. What do you mean by an operating system? Name any few
Ans. Operating System is a System Software which is compulsory for the computer. Without an
operating system, a computer is just a machine with no usage. It works as a manager of the
computer and helps you to utilize computer hardware in an efficient manner.
For example: Windows 10, DOS, Linux, Unix
4. What is a Disk Operating System?
Ans. DOS is one of the oldest, text based, single user operating systems written originally by Tim
Patterson- Father of DOS and owned by Seattle Computer Products. It was released in 1982 by
Microsoft for its IBM PC. It supports character user interface which means you have to use
commands to get the desired output.
5. List any three signs that indicate that the computer is infected with a virus.
Ans. Following are the three signs that indicate that the computer is infected with a virus:
Computer runs very slow as it loses its processing speed.
There will be a change in the system file size
An unusual increase in number of files

6. Why should regular disk defragmentation be done?

Ans. Use disk cleanup and disk defragmentation utility programs on a regular basis to remove all
unnecessary files and information that slows down the computer so that the efficiency of the
computer increases.
7. Can computer viruses infect hardware?
Ans. Computer virus is a malicious code that cannot damage the physical components of the
computer directly
8 What is the use of antivirus software? Name any two commonly used anti-virus software
Ans. Antivirus software is a program designed to prevent, detect and remove malicious programs
from the computer. After you install the antivirus software runs automatically in the background to
provide real-time protection against virus attacks.
Example MCAfee Virus Scan, Norton Antivirus
9. How are temporary files created on the computer?
Ans. Temporary files are created temporally by programs that store information related to the file
you are working on in your computer. It increases the efficiency of the software and also helps in
recovering the data at the time of unexpected closing of the file due to power failure or system shut
down.

10. List a few important functions performed by an operating system.

Ans. Following are some important functions performed by an operating system:
It works as an interface between the user and the machine.
It works as a device manager. It keeps a track that all the devices are functioning properly
and are available to the user whenever needed.
It manages the software of the computer.
It manages the computer memory and keeps track of the memory in use and free so that it is
available to the user whenever needed.

11. Where is the taskbar located? What are its important components?
Ans. It is the thin strip present at the bottom of the screen. By default, it is always visible at the
bottom but we can choose the auto hide option the taskbar settings which will disappears the task
bar. But it will reappear only when the mouse cursor moves down to that area. It contains the
following important components: Start Menu, Quick Launch Program
Icons, Notification Area, System Clock.
12. What is a file in computers? Give examples
Ans. Any data in the computer is stored in the form of a file. That is why a file is said to be a
collection of logically related data. Every file has its own unique name which is made up of two parts
separated by a period File name (A filename can consist of letters, numbers, spaces, and characters)
and extension that identifies the file type.
For example,

Project.doc Is a MS Word file.

Project.ppt is a MS PowerPoint.

Project.xls is a MS Spreadsheet
13. How will you prevent others from using your computer?
Ans. To prevent computers from being used by unauthorized persons it must be locked when the
users are not working on it. This will ensure that no unauthorized person can see or make changes to
our information without taking our permission. To make sure the computer is locked, the login-IDs
and passwords must be created. A login ID and password is like a key to the lock which allows the
user to use the computer only if the entered login ID and password match with the computer
database. Once finished the work, the user must log out or sign out so that no one else can see the
work

14. What is a Mobile Operating System? Give any two examples.

Ans. A mobile operating system is the software that controls and manages the hardware and
software resources of a smartphone or tablet. It enables you to run apps, make calls, and use
features on your mobile device. Examples:
Android: Developed by Google, used in many smartphones and tablets.
iOS: Developed by Apple, used in iPhones and iPads.
15. What is Utility Software?
Ans. Utility software is a type of system software designed to help manage and tune computer
hardware, operating system, and application software. It helps with tasks like security, file
management, and system optimization. Examples include antivirus programs, disk cleanup tools, and
backup software.
16. What is the difference between a file and a folder?
Ans. A file is a single document or program that contains data, such as a text document or an image.
Afolder is a container that holds multiple files and other folders, helping you organize your data into
categories or projects.
17. Define Real-Time Operating System.
Ans. A real-time operating system (RTOS) is designed to process data and respond to events quickly,
within strict time constraints. It is used in systems where timely processing is critical, such as in
medical devices, robotics, and industrial control systems.
18. Why does good care and maintenance play an important role in the performance of a
computer?
Ans. Regular care and maintenance ensure that a computer functions efficiently and reliably. It helps
prevent issues like overheating, data loss, and slow performance by keeping the hardware clean,
updating software, and fixing minor problems before they become major ones.
19. List different ways to protect your data on the computer.
Use strong passwords: Create complex passwords to prevent unauthorized access.
Install antivirus software: Protects against viruses and malware.
Back up your data regularly: Save copies of your important files in a different location, like
an external drive or cloud storage, to avoid data loss.
20. Give the steps to delete temporary files on your computer.
Open "Disk Cleanup": Search for "Disk Cleanup" in the Start menu and open it.
Select the drive: Choose the drive you want to clean (usually C:).
Check "Temporary files": Select the types of temporary files you want to delete.
Click "OK": Confirm and delete the selected files to free up space.
21. Give three different ways to keep the hardware components clean.

Use a soft cloth: Gently wipe the keyboard, screen, and other surfaces to remove dust and
dirt.

Keep your computer in a clean environment: Avoid placing it in dusty or dirty areas.
Use compressed air: Blow dust out of vents and fans to prevent overheating and keep
components running smoothly.
22. Why is data backup important?
Ans. Data backup is crucial because it protects your important files from being lost due to accidents,
hardware failures, or malware attacks. Having a backup ensures you can recover your data if
something goes wrong with your primary storage.
23. How is a computer file system similar to our physical file system in a school?
Ans. Both systems organize and store information in a structured way. In a school, physical folders
keep papers organized by subject or student. Similarly, a computer file system uses folders to
organize documents, pictures, and other files, making it easier to find and manage them.
24. Explain any three options presents in the notification area of a taskbar.
Volume control: Adjusts the sound level of your computer, allowing you to increase or
decrease the volume or mute it.
Battery status: Shows how much battery life is remaining on your laptop and whether it's
charging.
Wi-Fi: Displays the status of your wireless connection and allows you to connect to available
Wi-Fi networks.

25. How can we easily add and remove programs in the taskbar?
To add: Find the program you want to pin, right-click its icon on the taskbar, and select "Pin
to taskbar" to keep it there for quick access.
To remove: Right-click the program's icon on the taskbar and select "Unpin from taskbar" to
remove it.
26. Explain the options available in the Start menu.
Programs: Provides access to all installed applications and software, organized into
categories.
Settings: Allows you to adjust system preferences, such as display settings, network
connections, and user accounts.

Power: Offers options to shut down, restart, or put your computer into sleep mode.
27. Explain in short, the three different types of software with examples.
System Software: Manages and operates the computer hardware and provides a platform
for running application software. Examples: Windows, macOS.
Application Software: Performs specific tasks for users, such as creating documents or
editing photos. Examples: Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop.
Utility Software: Helps manage and maintain the computer system, such as optimizing
performance or protecting against threats. Examples: Antivirus programs, disk cleanup tools.