Lab 10

Experiment 10
Design and simulation of unipolar full H bridge DC-AC inverter.

Objective
• To study about Unipolar SPWM.
• To design single phase full bridge inverter by using Unipolar SPWM.
Introduction
• SPWM
Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) is a technique utilized in power electronics
to synthesize a waveform resembling a sinusoidal shape. It operates by modulating the
width of pulses within a carrier waveform based on the amplitude of a reference sinusoidal
waveform. This process involves continuously comparing the reference sinusoidal
waveform with the carrier waveform, typically a high-frequency square wave. By adjusting
the width of the pulses in the carrier waveform according to the instantaneous amplitude
of the reference waveform, SPWM generates an output waveform that closely mimics a
sine wave. This technique finds widespread application in various fields such as motor
control, voltage regulation, and power conversion systems, where the production of a
sinusoidal waveform is essential for efficient operation.
• Unipolar Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM)
USPWM is a specific implementation of SPWM where the modulation of pulse width
results in an output waveform featuring only one polarity, commonly positive. In unipolar
SPWM, the carrier waveform typically consists of pulses of one polarity, and the width of
these pulses is adjusted based on the amplitude of the reference sinusoidal waveform.
This adjustment ensures that the output waveform retains a single polarity throughout its
operation. Unipolar SPWM is frequently employed in applications where unidirectional
power flow or control is sufficient, such as in single-phase inverters for motor drives or
voltage regulation systems.
• Bipolar Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM)
BSPWM is another variant of SPWM where the modulation of pulse width leads to an
output waveform featuring both positive and negative polarities. Unlike unipolar SPWM,
where pulses in the carrier waveform have a single polarity, bipolar SPWM utilizes pulses
of both polarities in the carrier waveform. The width of these pulses is adjusted based on
the amplitude of the reference sinusoidal waveform, ensuring that the output waveform
maintains both positive and negative excursions, resembling a complete sinusoidal
waveform. Bipolar SPWM is commonly employed in applications requiring bidirectional
power flow or control, such as in three-phase inverters for motor drives or grid-tied power
systems, where alternating current with both positive and negative phases is necessary
for operation.
• Full bridge inverter
A full-bridge inverter is another essential topology in power electronics used for converting
DC (direct current) to AC (alternating current). It comprises four semiconductor switches,
typically MOSFETs or IGBTs, arranged in a bridge configuration. In a full-bridge inverter,
two switches are connected to the positive terminal of the DC input, and the other two
switches are connected to the negative terminal. The load is connected between the
midpoints of these switches. During operation, the switching states of these four switches
are controlled to generate an AC output waveform. By properly synchronizing the
switching of the four switches, the full-bridge inverter can produce an AC output with
variable frequency and magnitude. This flexibility allows for precise control over the output
voltage and frequency. Full-bridge inverters are commonly used in applications requiring
higher power conversion or three-phase AC output. They find extensive application in
motor drives, renewable energy systems, gridtied inverters, and UPS (uninterruptible
power supplies) for their ability to handle higher power levels and provide three-phase
output when needed.
Lab tasks
• Task 1
Design unipolar SPWM scheme and simulate. Plot MOSFETS driving signals and
observe.
Circuit
• Task 2
Read and understand the datasheet of MOSFET driving IC IR2110PBF.
Supply Voltage Range
This indicates the maximum and minimum voltage levels that the device can safely
handle without risking damage. For example, it might specify a maximum supply voltage
of 20V and a minimum of -0.3V.
Output Voltage and Current Ratings
These values define the maximum voltage and current that can be applied to the
outputs of the IR2110PBF without exceeding its limits. For instance, it might state a
maximum output voltage of 20V and a maximum output current of 2A.
Power Dissipation
This value specifies the maximum amount of power that the device can safely dissipate
without overheating. It's typically given in watts (W). For example, it might list a
maximum power dissipation of 1W.
Temperature Range
This indicates the range of ambient temperatures within which the device can operate
safely. It might specify a minimum and maximum temperature, such as -40°C to 125°C.
These values are crucial for ensuring the reliability and longevity of the IR2110PBF in
various operating conditions. Exceeding these absolute maximum ratings can lead to
device failure or permanent damage.
• Task 3
Design full h bridge inverter circuit to drive the load using SPWM with a base frequency
of 50 Hz. Use MOSFET driving IC’s.
Circuit
• Task 4
Use LC filter to convert the SPWM signal to pure sinusoidal signal.
Circuit
• Task 5
Replace 12V battery with single circuit to minimize the need of extra sources with the
inverter.
Circuit
Conclusion
The conclusion of the unipolar full bridge inverter is that it efficiently converts DC to AC
by utilizing four switches in a bridge configuration, delivering single-phase output. This
topology is suitable for moderate power applications like motor drives, UPS systems,
and renewable energy converters.

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Experiment 10

Design and simulation of unipolar full H bridge DC-AC inverter.

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