General Instructions: Read the following instructions carefully. (a) There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice. (b) SECTION A consists of 16 multiple -choice questions carrying 1 mark each. (c) SECTION B consists of 5 short answer questions carrying 2 marks each. (d) SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each. (e) SECTION D consists of 2 case - based questions carrying 4 marks each. (f) SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each. (g) All questions are compulsory. (h) Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION- A The following questions are multiple -choice questions with one correct answer. Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
13. Assertion- Combustion of 16g of methane gives 18g of water.
Reason- In the combustion of methane, water is one of the products. 14. Assertion - Electronic configurations of Cr³⁺ is same as that of Sc (Z=21) Reason- Orbitals of atoms are filled in order of increasing energy of orbitals. 15. Assertion- Boron has smaller first ionisation enthalpy than beryllium. Reason- 2p electrons are more shielded by the inner core of electrons. 16. Assertion- Lone pair-lone pair repulsive interactions are greater than lone pair-bond pair and bond pair-bond pair interactions. Reason- The space occupied by lone pair electrons is more as compared to bond pair electrons.
2 SECTION B This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Chlorine has two isotopes of atomic mass units 34.97 and 36.97. The relative abundance of the isotopes is 0.755 and 0.245 respectively. Find the average atomic mass of chlorine.
18. Define empirical formula and molecular formula.What is the relationship between them?
19. Chlorine is prepared in the laboratory by treating manganese dioxide with aqueous hydrochloric acid according to the following reaction. 4HCl +MnO₂→2H₂O+MnCl₂+Cl₂ . How many grams of HCl react with 5g of MnO₂? (Atomic mass of Mn=55u) OR What is the concentration of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) in molL⁻¹ if its 20g are dissolved in enough water to make a final volume up to 2L?
20. Describe the two merits of the modern periodic table over Mendeleev's periodic table? 21. Define lattice enthalpy .How is it related to stability of an ionic compound ?
SECTION C This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The following questions are short answer types and carry 3 marks each.
22. (a) What is a limiting reactant?
(b) In the reaction A+B2→AB2 when 2 moles of A react with 3 moles of B₂, then (i) Which is the limiting reagent? (ii) Calculate the amount of AB2 formed? 23. (a)Define one mole. (b)How is mole related to (i) number of atoms (ii) volume of the gaseous substance ? 24. Table-tennis balls have a mass of 10 g and a speed of 90 m/s. If speed can be measured with an accuracy of 4% what will be the uncertainty in speed and position? OR When a photon of frequency 1.0 x 1015 s-1 was allowed to hit a metal surface, an electron having 1.988 x 10–19 J of kinetic energy was emitted. Calculate the threshold frequency of this metal. Show that an electron will not be emitted if a photon with a wavelength equal to 600 nm hits the metal surface. 25. a. State Modern periodic law. b. What is the IUPAC name and symbol of the element with atomic number 110. c. Arrange the following in the increasing order of ionic size N³⁻, F⁻, Na⁺ ,O²⁻, Mg²⁺
3 26. Define ionisation enthalpy. How does it vary along a period and along a group ? What are the various factors that ionisation enthalpy depends on ?
27. a. Out of sigma and pi bonds ,which is stronger and why ?
b. What is the total number of sigma and pi bonds in acetylene?
28. a.Wavelengths of different radiations are given below; λ(A) =300 nm , λ (B)=30 nm λ(C)=30A⁰. Arrange these radiations in the increasing order of their energies. (b) Write the expression for the longest wavelength transition in the Balmer series of atomic hydrogen. SECTION -D The following questions are case -based questions. Each question has an internal choice and carries 4 (1+1+2) marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. 29. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow based on passage and related studied concepts. Orbitals are regions or spaces where there is maximum probability of finding electrons. Qualitatively, these orbitals can be distinguished by their size, shape and orientation. An orbital of small size means there is more chance of finding the electron near the nucleus. Shape and orientation means the direction in which probability of finding an electron is maximum. Atomic orbitals can be distinguished by quantum numbers. Each orbital is designated by three quantum numbers n, l and ml (magnetic quantum number) which define energy, shape and orientation but these are not sufficient to explain spectra of multi-electrons atoms. Spin quantum number (ms) determines the spin of an electron. Spin angular momentum of an electron has two orientations relative to chosen axis which are distinguished by spin quantum numbers ms which can take values +1/2 and –1/2. With the value of 'l' - 0 1 2 3 4, notations for subshells are s p d f g .
4 30. Molecular orbitals are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals. These are bonding molecular orbital (BMO) and anti - bonding molecular orbital (ABMO). Energy of anti - bonding orbitals is raised above the parent atomic orbitals that have combined and the energy of the bonding orbital is lower than the parent atomic orbitals. Energies of various molecular orbitals for elements hydrogen to nitrogen increase in the order : σ1s<σ∗1s<σ2s<σ∗2s<(π2px≈π2py)<σ2pz<(π∗p2px≈π∗2py)<σ∗2pz and for oxygen and fluorine the order of energy of molecular orbitals is given as : σ1s<σ∗1s<σ2s<σ∗2s<σ2pz<(π2px≅2π2py)<(π∗2px≅π∗2py)<σ∗2pz.Different atomic orbitals of one atom combine with those atomic orbitals of the second atom which have comparable energies and proper orientation. Further, if the overlapping is head on, the molecular orbital is called 'sigma', (σ) and if the overlap is lateral, the molecular orbital is called 'pi', (π). The molecular orbitals are filled with electrons according to the same rules as followed for filling of atomic orbitals. However, the order for filling is not the same for all molecules or their ions. Bond order is one of the most important parameters to compare the strength of bonds.
(a) Write the molecular orbital electronic configuration of N₂ .
Attempt any five of the following: Which of the following elements is likely to be ; (a) Most reactive non metal (b) Most reactive metal (c) Least reactive element (d) Least reactive non-metal (e) The metal which can form a stable binary halide of the formula MX₂ (f) The metal which can form stable halide of the formula MX (g) Assign the position of the element having outer electronic configuration ns²np⁴ for n=3
33. a. Describe the hybridisation in case of PCl₅ .Why are the axial bonds are longer as compared to equatorial bonds? b. Draw the resonance structures of CO₃²⁻ (3+2) OR (a) Describe the hybridisation and polarity of BF₃ molecule (b) Calculate the formal charge on all atoms in ozone molecule (3+2)
