9/6/2020 7 QC Tools for Process Improvement | PDF | Case Study

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 Nikunj Bhoraniya  October 05, 2018

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→ 7 QC tools for process improvement are systematic and scienti c methods for Problem Solving
 7 QC Tools 8
and they are used for Product and Process Improvement.
→ 7 QC tools is a systematic and scienti c method for the Problem Solving Technique.  Control Chart 3
→ It is used to solve 90% of shop oor problems very easily and it improves our workplace.
 Difference 7

From Where did the 7 QC Tools come?  FMEA 3

→ Primarily Kaoru Ishikawa introduced the 7 QC Tools.  General 7

→ Ishikawa has known for the “Democratizing (Visual Aids/Symbols) Statistics”.

 IATF 16949 1
→ Good visual aids make statistical and quality control more comprehensive.
→ Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa was a professor at the engineering college at Tokyo University.  ISO 9001 5

 Lean Manufacturing 9

 Lean Six Sigma 5

Why we use The 7 QC Tools for Process Improvement?  Lean Tool 11

→ The 7 QC tools for Process Improvement is a set of graphical techniques identi ed as being most  MSA 8
helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality.
→ It is a fundamental concept to improve the process and Product Quality.  OEE 2

→ It is used to examine the production sequence, identify the key issues, control uctuations of
 PPAP 1
product quality, and give solutions to avoid future defects.
→ This facilitates the organization to resolve the basic problems.  Problem Solving Method 9

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→ These 7 QC tools are easy to understand and implement and they do not need complex analytical/  Quality 4
statistical competence, hence it is simple yet powerful.
 Quality Core Tools 5

 Six Sigma 8

 SPC 3
What is the use of 7 QC Tools?
 Terms & De nition 4
➝ It encourages the way of problem-solving and improvement.
➝ They are very simple to use but it is very powerful.
➝ It is a scienti c approach for problem-solving.
➝ We can get an 80% result by applying 20% of the effort.
➝ Each tool has its own specialty for problem solving and analysis.
➝ It is very easy to understand, communicate, and use by the shop oor operator.

The 7 QC Tools:
1. Flow Charts
2. Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone or Ishikawa)
3. Checksheet
4. Histogram
5. Pareto Chart
6. Scatter Diagram
7. Control Chart

Note: We are considering here the Flow chart in this article as a part of 7 Basic QC Tools. Also, you
can consider strati cation as a part of this tool.

👉 Download 7 QC Tools PDF le

[1] Flow Charts:

→“It is a diagrammatic representation that illustrates the sequence of operation to be performed to
get the desired result.”
→ It is a visual representation tool for a sequence of operation, therefore, we can easily illustrate the
Internal and external operational boundaries.
👉 Read: Different Types of Flow Chart Explained with Example

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[2] Cause and E ect Diagram:

→ “It is a meaningful relationship between an effect and its causes."
→ It guides concrete action and tracks the potential causes during an investigation of the effort to
determine whether the item signi cantly contributes to the problem or not.
→ The cause and effect tool is a very popular Root Cause Analysis Tool.
→ Fishbone diagram can identify all possible cause(s) for the problem.
→ In this tool, we can nd possible causes with the help of 6M concepts such as man, machine,
material, method, measurement, and mother nature.
👉 Read: Cause and Effect Diagram Explained with Case Study

[3] Check Sheet:

→ "Check Sheet is a structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data."
→ Data collected by the check sheet is used as an input of the other tool and data can be collected
based on asking a question by what, when, where, how.
→ The purpose of a checklist is to summarize the data and a tally count of event occurrences.
→ A check sheet counts the number of occurrences of an event, such as defects or non-
conformance.
→ Hence the Check Sheet is also called a "tally sheet ".
→ In many cases, a checklist will summarize countable data related to certain types of defects and
will provide a rough graphical representation of wherein a part of the process, defects occurred.
👉 Read: Various Types of Check Sheets Explained with Example

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[4] Histogram:
→ “Histogram is a type of bar graph representing the frequency distribution of the data from a
process.”
→ Karl Pearson introduced Histogram and it is a bar graph representing the frequency distribution on
its every bar.
→ Histograms are used to show the output of our process matches the customer's requirements or
not?
→ Also, we can take the decision based on the data patterns plotted on the graph either the process
is centric or it is widespread.
→ "Is the process capable of meeting customer requirements?“
→ The histogram is the best Frequency distribution tool.
→ A histogram is a pictorial representation of a set of data.
👉 Read: Various Types of Histograms Explained with Case Study

➨ Types of Histogram:
→ Normal Distribution
→ Skewed Distribution
→ Double-Peaked or Bimodal
→ Multipeaked or Multimodal
→ Edge Peaked Histogram
→ Truncated or Heart cut Histogram

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[5] Pareto Chart:

→ "It is a bar graph arranged in descending order of height from left to right”
→ It is a graph that shows the order of the largest number of occurrences by item or by classes and
the cumulative sum total.
→ The Pareto analysis helps us to prioritize where we can get more bene ts by applying fewer
efforts.
→ It is also very popular as a prioritization tool.
→ It communicates the principle of 80:20.
→ The Pareto Principle gives us information about Vital few from Trivial many, Hence, It is "Vital few
from Trivial many".
→ It states that 80% of an effect comes from 20% of the causes.
👉 Read: Pareto Chart Explained with Case Study

[6] Scatter Diagram:

→ “Scatter Diagram is used to study and identify the possible relationship between two variables”.
→ It is the best validation tool.
👉 Read: Scatter Diagram Explained with Example

➨ Di erent names of the Scatter Diagram:

→ Scatter Plot
→ Scatter Graph
→ Correlation Graph
→ Scatter Gram

➨ Di erent correlation between two variables in the Scatter Plot:

→ Strong Positive
→ Moderate Positive correlation
→ Weak Positive correlation
→ Strong Negative correlation
→ Moderate Negative correlation
→ Weak Negative correlation
→ Random Pattern (No correlation)

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[7] Control Chart:

→ “It is used for studying the process variation over time."
→ It is a plot of a process characteristic, usually through time with statistically determined limits.
→ When used for monitoring, it helps the user to determine the appropriate type of action to take on
the process depending on a degree of variation.
→ Comparing above all tool this is the best forecasting tool.
👉 Also Read: Control Chart Explained with Case Study

👉 Also Read:
1. Flow Chart | Process Flow Diagram | Types & Examples
2. Cause & Effect Diagram (Fishbone or Ishikawa)
3. Check Sheet | Different Types & Examples
4. Histogram | Different Types of Patterns & Examples
5. Pareto Chart | Example & Principles
6. Scatter Diagram | Types & Examples
7. Control Chart | Types & Examples

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9/6/2020 7 QC Tools for Process Improvement | PDF | Case Study
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👉 See Also:
➨ All Topics
➨ Lean Manufacturing
➨ ISO 9001:2015 & IATF 16949:2016
➨ 7 QC Tools
➨ MSA, FMEA, PPAP, APQP, SPC
➨ Six Sigma & Lean Six Sigma
➨ QA & QC Topics

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2 Comments

UNKNOWN
 November 7, 2018 at 11:11 AM

very good presentation skill and to the point explaination

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UNKNOWN
 December 23, 2019 at 9:06 PM

How to download???

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