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    Exp No 7-XII Phy

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    Rhythm Mishra

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    Exp No 7-XII Phy

    Uploaded by

    Rhythm Mishra
    50 views4 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    50 views4 pages

    Exp No 7-XII Phy

    Uploaded by

    Rhythm Mishra

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Experiment- 07

    AIM:

    To draw the I-V characteristic curves of a p-n Junction in forward bias and
    reverse bias.

    APPARATUS:

    P-N Junction diode kit, connecting wires power supply

    THEORY:

    I-V characteristics of a p-n junction diode means the variation of current as


    a function of applied voltage. In forward biasing, the current first increases
    very slowly almost negligibly till the voltage across the diode crosses the
    certain value called the threshold voltage or cut-in-voltage Beyond this
    characteristic voltage, the diode current increases significantly even for a
    small increase in the diode bias voltage.

    In reverse biasing, the current is very small, of the order of micro amperes
    and almost remains constant with bias. It is called reverse saturation
    current.

    OBSERVATIONS:

    1. Lest count of voltmeter used in Forward Bias

    Range 1 .5
    =
    no . of div 60 = 0.025 Volt

    2. Least count of milliammmeter used in forward Bias

    Range 15 mA
    =
    no. of div 50 = 0.3 m A

    3. Least count of voltmeter used in Reverse Bias


    Range 10
    =
    no . of div 50 = 0.2 volt

    4. Least count of micro ammeter used in Reverse Bias

    Range 300
    =
    no . of div 60 =5A

    OBSERVATION TABLE

    FORWARD BIAS:

    Forward Bias Voltage Forward Bias Current


    S. No. n  L. C n1  L.C (m
    n n1
    (Volt) A)

    1 9 0.225 2 0.6

    2 14 0.350 6 1.8

    3 19 0.475 10 3.0

    4 24 0.600 16 4.8

    5 29 0.725 21 6.3

    6 34 0.85 28 8.4

    7 39 0.975 34 10.2

    8 44 1.1 42 12.9

    9 46 1.15 46 13.8

    10 48 1.20 49 14.7

    REVERSE BIAS:

    Reverse Bias Voltage Reverse Bias Current


    S. No. m  L. C m1  L. C (u
    m m1
    (Volt) A)

    1 2 0.4 5 25

    2 3 0.6 10 50

    3 4 0.8 14 70

    4 5 1.0 18 90
    5 6 1.2 22 110

    6 7 1.4 26 130

    7 8 1.6 30 150

    8 9 1.8 34 170

    9 10 2.0 37 185

    10 12 2.4 45 225

    11 13 2.6 49 245

    12 14 2.8 52 260
    RESULT:

    The I-V characteristic curve of p-n junction diode does not follow ohm's law
    since the curve is not a straight line.

    PRECAUTIONS:

    1. Connecting wires and terminals must be cleaned properly.

    2. All connections should be tight.

    3. Zero error must be noted properly, if any, zero corrections should be


    applied

    SOURCES OF ERROR

    1. There may be contact resistance, if any connections remain loose.

    2. Each time the points of ammeter may not be on a scale mark.

    3. Zero errors of the meters may not be accurately eliminated.

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